Ettha ca “bhante, saªghass±”ti-±divacana½ “suº±tu me, bhante, saªgho, ida½ saªghassa kathinadussa½ uppanna½, yadi saªghassa pattakalla½, saªgho ima½ kathinadussa½ itthann±massa bhikkhuno dadeyya kathina½ attharitun”ti im±ya ñattip±¼iy± sameti. “Yo jiººac²varo, tass±”ti-±di “saªghena kass±”ti-±di “saªghena kassa d±tabba½, yo jiººac²varo hot²”ti-±din± aµµhakath±vacanena (mah±va. aµµha. 306) sameti. “So mah±thero aµµhahaªgehi samann±gato”ti-±di “aµµhahaªgehi samann±gato puggalo bhabbo kathina½ attharitun”ti-±dik±ya pariv±rap±¼iy± (pari. 409) samet²ti daµµhabba½. Yassa pana d²yati, tassa ñattidutiyakammav±c±ya d±tabbanti sambandho. Imin± imassa kathinad±nakammassa garukatt± na apalokanamattena d±tabbanti imamattha½ pak±seti. Garukalahuk±na½ bhedo kamm±kammavinicchayakath±ya½ ±vi bhavissati.
Eva½ dinne pana kathine paccuddharitabb± adhiµµh±tabb± v±c± bhinditabb±ti sambandho. Sace ta½ kathinadussa½ niµµhitaparikammameva hot²ti imin± kathinadussa½ n±ma na kevala½ pakatis±µakameva hoti, atha kho pariniµµhitasattavidhapubbakiccac²varampi hot²ti dasseti, tasm± niµµhitac²varasmi½ dinne sattavidhapubbakiccakaraºena attho natthi, kevala½ paccuddharaº±d²niyeva k±tabb±ni. Sace pana kiñci apariniµµhita½ hoti, antamaso kappabindumattampi, ta½ niµµh±petv±yeva paccuddharaº±d²ni k±tabb±ni. Gaºµhikapaµµap±sakapaµµ±ni pana sibbanantogadh±ni, t±nipi niµµh±petv±yeva k±tabb±ni. Aniµµh±pento aniµµhitasibbanakiccameva hoti. Vuttañhi aµµhakath±ya½ (p±r±. aµµha. 2.462-463) “tattha katanti s³cikammapariyos±nena kata½, s³cikammapariyos±na½ n±ma ya½ kiñci s³ciy± kattabba½. P±sakapaµµagaºµhikapaµµapariyos±na½ katv± s³ciy± paµis±manan”ti. Idañhi kathinavatta½ n±ma buddhappasatthanti “atthatakathin±na½ vo bhikkhave pañca kappissant²”ti-±din± pasattha½.
Katapariyosita½ pana kathina½ gahetv±ti–
“Dhovanañca vic±ro ca, chedana½ bandhanampi ca;
sibbana½ rajana½ kappa½, pubbakiccanti vuccat²”ti. (Vi. vi. 2707)–

Vutt±ni sattavidhapubbakaraº±ni katv± pariyos±pita½ kathinac²vara½ gahetv±. Atth±rakena bhikkhun± paccuddharitabb± adhiµµh±tabb± v±c± bhinditabb±ti sambandho. Saªgh±µiy± kathina½ attharituk±mo bhikkhu pubbe tic²var±dhiµµh±nena adhiµµhita½ por±ºika½ saªgh±µi½ “ima½ saªgh±µi½ paccuddhar±m²”ti vatv± paccuddharitabb±, tato anadhiµµhita½ nava½ saªgh±µi½ “ima½ saªgh±µi½ adhiµµh±m²”ti vatv± adhiµµh±tabb±, tato attharaºak±le tameva adhiµµhitasaªgh±µi½ “im±ya saªgh±µiy± kathina½ atthar±m²”ti v±c± bhinditabb±ti attho. Esa nayo itaresu. Etena kathinatth±raºa½ n±ma vac²bhedakaraºameva hoti, na kiñci k±yavik±rakaraºanti imamattha½ d²peti Tath± hi vutta½ vinayatthamañj³s±ya½ (kaªkh±. abhi. µ². kathinasikkh±padavaººan±) “attharitabbanti attharaºa½ k±tabba½, tañca kho tath±vac²bhedakaraºamev±ti daµµhabban”ti.

Tattha paccuddh±ro tividho “ima½ saªgh±µi½ paccuddhar±m²”ti saªgh±µiy± paccuddh±ro, “ima½ uttar±saªga½ paccuddhar±m²”ti uttar±saªgassa paccuddh±ro, “ima½ antarav±saka½ paccuddhar±m²”ti antarav±sakassa paccuddh±roti. Vuttañheta½ pariv±re (pari. 408) “paccuddh±ro t²hi dhammehi saªgahito saªgh±µiy± uttar±saªgena antarav±saken±”ti. Adhiµµh±na½ tividha½ “ima½ saªgh±µi½ adhiµµh±m²”ti saªgh±µiy± adhiµµh±na½, “ima½ uttar±saªga½ adhiµµh±m²”ti uttar±saªgassa adhiµµh±na½, “ima½ antarav±saka½ adhiµµh±m²”ti antarav±sakassa adhiµµh±nanti. Vuttañheta½ pariv±re (pari. 408) “adhiµµh±na½ t²hi dhammehi saªgahita½ saªgh±µiy± uttar±saªgena antarav±saken±”ti.
Atha v± adhiµµh±na½ duvidha½ k±yena adhiµµh±na½, v±c±ya adhiµµh±nanti. Tattha por±ºika½ saªgh±µi½ “ima½ saªgh±µi½ paccuddhar±m²”ti paccuddharitv± nava½ saªgh±µi½ hatthena gahetv± “ima½ saªgh±µi½ adhiµµh±m²”ti cittena ±bhoga½ katv± k±yavik±rakaraºena k±yena v± adhiµµh±tabba½, vac²bheda½ katv± v±c±ya v± adhiµµh±tabba½. Vuttañhi aµµhakath±ya½ (p±r±. aµµha. 2.469; kaªkh±. aµµha. kathinasikkh±padavaººan±) “tattha yasm± dve c²varassa adhiµµh±n±ni k±yena v± adhiµµheti, v±c±ya v± adhiµµhet²ti vutta½, tasm±…pe… adhiµµh±tabb±”ti. Atha v± adhiµµh±na½ duvidha½ sammukh±dhiµµh±naparammukh±dhiµµh±navasena. Tattha yadi c²vara½ hatthap±se µhita½ hoti, “ima½ saªgh±µi½ adhiµµh±m²”ti vac²bheda½ katv± adhiµµh±tabba½, atha antogabbhe v± s±mantavih±re v± hoti, µhapitaµµh±na½ sallakkhetv± “eta½ saªgh±µi½ adhiµµh±m²”ti vac²bheda½ katv± adhiµµh±tabba½. Vuttañhi aµµhakath±ya½ (p±r±. aµµha. 2.469; kaªkh±. aµµha. kathinasikkh±padavaººan±) “tatra duvidha½ adhiµµh±na½ sace hatthap±se hot²”ti-±di, vinayatthamañj³s±yañca (kaªkh±. abhi. µ². kathinasikkh±padavaººan±) “duvidhanti sammukh±parammukh±bhedena duvidhan”ti.
Atth±ro katividho? Atth±ro ekavidho. Vac²bhedakaraºeneva hi atth±ro sampajjati, na k±yavik±rakaraºena. Ayamattho yath±vutta-pariv±rap±¼iy± ca “attharitabbanti attharaºa½ k±tabba½, tañca kho tath±vac²bhedakaraºamev±ti daµµhabban”ti vinayatthamañj³s±vacanena ca viññ±yati. Atha v± atth±ro tividho vatthuppabhedena. Tattha yadi saªgh±µiy± kathina½ attharituk±mo hoti, por±ºik± saªgh±µi paccuddharitabb±, nav± saªgh±µi adhiµµh±tabb±, “im±ya saªgh±µiy± kathina½ atthar±m²”ti v±c± bhinditabb±. Atha uttar±saªgena kathina½ attharituk±mo hoti, por±ºako uttar±saªgo paccuddharitabbo, navo uttar±saªgo adhiµµh±tabbo, “imin± uttar±saªgena kathina½ atthar±m²”ti v±c± bhinditabb±. Atha antarav±sakena kathina½ attharituk±mo hoti, por±ºako antarav±sako paccuddharitabbo, navo antarav±sako adhiµµh±tabbo, “imin± antarav±sakena kathina½ atthar±m²”ti v±c± bhinditabb±. Vuttañheta½ pariv±re (pari. 413) “sace saªgh±µiy±”ti-±di.
Ettha siy±– ki½ pana “ima½ saªgh±µi½ paccuddhar±m²”ti visesa½ katv±va paccuddharitabb±, ud±hu “ima½ paccuddhar±m²”ti s±maññatopi paccuddharitabb±ti? Parikkh±raco¼±dhiµµh±nena adhiµµhita½ c²vara½ “ima½ paccuddhar±m²”ti s±maññato paccuddharitabba½, na “ima½ saªgh±µi½ paccuddhar±m²”ti visesato paccuddharitabba½. Kasm±? Pubbe aladdhan±matt±. Tic²var±dhiµµh±nena adhiµµhita½ pana c²vara½ visesatoyeva paccuddharitabba½, na s±maññato. Kasm±? Paµiladdhavisesan±matt± Idha pana kathin±dhik±re pubbeva tic²var±dhiµµh±nena adhiµµhitatt± visesatoyeva paccuddharitabbanti daµµhabba½. Vuttañheta½ pariv±re (pari. 408) kathin±dhik±re “paccuddh±ro t²hi dhammehi saªgahito saªgh±µiy± uttar±saªgena antarav±saken±”ti. Ki½ pana niccatec²varikoyeva kathina½ attharitu½ labhati, ud±hu avatth±tec²varikop²ti? Tec²variko duvidho dhutaªgatec²varikavinayatec²varikavasena. Tattha dhutaªgatec²variko “atirekac²vara½ paµikkhip±mi, tec²varikaªga½ sam±diy±m²”ti adhiµµhahitv± dh±raºato sabbak±lameva dh±reti. Vinayatec²variko pana yad± tic²var±dhiµµh±nena adhiµµhahitv± dh±retuk±mo hoti, tad± tath± adhiµµhahitv± dh±reti. Yad± pana parikkh±raco¼±dhiµµh±nena adhiµµhahitv± dh±retuk±mo hoti, tad± tath± adhiµµhahitv± dh±reti, tasm± tic²var±dhiµµh±nassa dupparih±ratt± sabbad± dh±retu½ asakkonto hutv± parikkh±raco¼avasena dh±rentopi ta½ paccuddharitv± ±sanne k±le tic²var±dhiµµh±nena adhiµµhahantopi kathina½ attharitu½ labhatiyev±ti daµµhabba½.
Kacci nu bho kathinad±nakammav±c±bhaºanas²m±yameva kathina½ attharitabba½, ud±hu aññas²m±y±ti? Yadi kathinad±nakammav±c±bhaºanabaddhas²m± vass³pan±yikakhettabh³ta-upac±ras²m±ya anto µhit±, eva½ sati tasmi½yeva s²mamaº¹ale attharaºa½ k±tabba½. Katha½ viññ±yat²ti ce? “Pariniµµhitapubbakaraºameva ce d±yako saªghassa deti, sampaµicchitv± kammav±c±ya d±tabba½. Tena ca tasmi½yeva s²mamaº¹ale adhiµµhahitv± attharitv± saªgho anumod±petabbo”ti vajirabuddhiµ²k±ya½ (vajira. µ². mah±vagga 308) ±gatatt± viññ±yat²ti. Yadi eva½ “tasmi½yeva s²mamaº¹ale”icceva µ²k±ya½ vuttatt± “yasmi½ kismiñci s²mamaº¹ale kammav±ca½ bhaºitv± tasmi½yeva s²mamaº¹ale attharitabban”ti vattabba½, na “kathinad±nakammav±c±bhaºanabaddhas²m± vass³pan±yikakhettabh³ta-upac±ras²m±ya anto µhit±”ti visesa½ katv± vattabbanti? Na na vattabba½. Kammav±c±bhaºanas²m± hi baddhas²m±bh³t±, kathinatth±ras²m± pana upac±ras²m±bh³t±, upac±ras²m± ca n±ma baddhas²ma½ avattharitv±pi gacchati, tasm± s± s²m± baddhas²m± ca hoti upac±ras²m± c±ti tasmi½yeva s²mamaº¹ale kathinad±nakammav±ca½ bhaºitv± tattheva attharaºa½ k±tabba½, na yasmi½ kismiñci s²mamaº¹ale kammav±ca½ bhaºitv± tattheva attharaºa½ kattabbanti daµµhabba½. Evampi “upac±ras²m±ya”icceva vattabba½, na “vass³pan±yikakhettabh³ta-upac±ras²m±y±”ti, tampi vattabbameva. Tesa½ bhikkh³na½ vass³pan±yikakhettabh³t±ya eva upac±ras²m±ya kathinatth±ra½ k±tu½ labhati, na añña-upac±ras²m±ya. Vuttañhi aµµhakath±ya½ (mah±va. aµµha. 306) “aññasmi½ vih±re vutthavass±pi na labhant²ti mah±paccariya½ vuttan”ti.
Yathicchasi, tath± bhavatu, api tu khalu “kammav±c±bhaºanas²m± baddhas²m±bh³t±, kathinatth±ras²m± upac±ras²m±bh³t±”ti tumhehi vutta½, tath±bh³tabh±vo katha½ j±nitabboti? Vuccate– kathinatth±ras²m±ya½ t±va upac±ras²m±bh³tabh±vo “sace pana ekas²m±ya bah³ vih±r± honti, sabbe bhikkh³ sannip±tetv± ekattha kathina½ attharitabban”ti imiss± aµµhakath±ya (mah±va. aµµha. 306) attha½ sa½vaººetu½ “ekas²m±y±ti eka-upac±ras²m±y±ti attho yujjat²”ti vajirabuddhiµ²k±ya½ (vajira. µ². mah±vagga 306) ±gatatt± viññ±yati. Kammav±c±bhaºanas²m±ya baddhas²m±bh³tabh±vo pana “te ca kho hatthap±sa½ avijahitv± ekas²m±ya½ µhit±. S²m± ca n±mes± baddhas²m± abaddhas²m±ti duvidh± hot²”ti kaªkh±vitaraºiya½ (kaªkh±. aµµha. nid±navaººan±) ±gatatt± ca “s²m± ca n±mes± katam±, yattha hatthap±sa½ avijahitv± µhit± kammappatt± n±ma hont²ti anuyoga½ sandh±ya s²ma½ dassento vibh±gavant±na½ sabh±vavibh±vana½ vibh±gadassanamukheneva hot²ti ‘s²m± ca n±mes±’ti-±dim±h±”ti vinayatthamañj³s±ya½ (kaªkh±. abhi. µ². nid±navaººan±) ±gatatt± ca viññ±yati.
Tattha katividh± baddhas²m±, katividh± abaddhas²m±ti? Tividh± baddhas²m± khaº¹as²m±sam±nasa½v±sas²m±-avippav±sas²m±vasena. Tividh± abaddhas²m± g±mas²m±-udakukkhepas²m±sattabbhantaras²m±vasen±ti daµµhabb±. Katha½ viññ±yat²ti ce? “Eva½ ek±dasa vipattis²m±yo atikkamitv± tividhasampattiyutt± nimittena nimitta½ sambandhitv± sammat± s²m± baddhas²m±ti veditabb±. Khaº¹as²m± sam±nasa½v±sas²m± avippav±sas²m±ti tass±yeva bhedo. Abaddhas²m± pana g±mas²m± sattabbhantaras²m± udakukkhepas²m±ti tividh±”ti kaªkh±vitaraºiya½ (kaªkh±. aµµha. nid±navaººan±) ±gatatt± viññ±yati. Eva½ t²su baddhas²m±su t²su abaddhas²m±s³ti chasuyeva s²m±su kammappattasaªghassa catuvaggakaraº²y±dikammassa kattabbabh±vavacanato suddh±ya upac±ras²m±ya kammav±c±ya abhaºitabbabh±vo viññ±yati. Anto-upac±ras²m±ya baddhas²m±ya sati ta½ baddhas²ma½ avattharitv±pi upac±ras²m±ya gamanato s± baddhas²m± kammav±c±bhaºan±rah± ca hoti kathinatth±r±rah± c±ti veditabba½.