Kaly±º²s²m±ya½ pana s²ha¼ad²pato abhinavasikkha½ gahetv± nivattantehi garahaviv±damattampialabhantehi dhammacetiyaraññ± vicinitv± gahitehi cuddasahi bhikkh³hi katanti p±s±ºalekh±ya½±gata½. Ratanap³ranagare pana sir²sudhammar±j±dhipatin±makassa c³¼a-aggar±jino k±lemah±s²ha¼appattoti vissuto sir²saddhammakittin±mako mah±theravaro attano vasanaµµh±nassaavid³re pabbatamatthake s²ma½ bandhanto attano nissitake aggahetv± attan± bhirucite lajjipesalabahussutasikkh±k±mabh³te aññe mah±there gahetv± attacatutthovahutv± kamma½ karot²ti vadanti. Ta½ imassa kammassa catuvaggakaraº²yatt± tesañca ther±na½pakatattabh±ve nir±saªkatt± kata½ bhaveyya, eva½ santepi bhikkh³na½ pakatattabh±vassa dubbiññeyyatt±catuvaggakaraº²yakammassa atirekacatuvaggena karaºe dos±bh±vato atirekabhikkh³hikatabh±vo pasatthataro hoti. Teneva ca k±raºena vimativinodan²n±mik±ya½ vinayaµ²k±ya½(vi. vi. µ². mah±vagga 2.144) “chapañcamatte bhikkh³ gahetv±”ti vutta½, kaly±º²s²m±yañcacuddasahi bhikkh³hi katanti daµµhabba½. Eva½ niµµhitepi pana s²m±sam³hananakamme n±n±v±d±na½n±n±cariy±na½ n±n±nik±y±na½ n±n±desav±sik±na½ bhikkh³na½ citt±r±dhanattha½ garahaviv±damocanatthañcapunappuna½ tehipi bhikkh³hi tatheva k±r±petabba½. Vuttañhi aµµhakath±ya½ (pari. aµµha.482-483; vi. saªga. aµµha. 251) “punappuna½ pana k±tabba½. Tañhi kuppassa kammassakamma½ hutv± tiµµhati, akuppassa thirakammabh±v±ya hot²”ti. Teneva ca k±raºenaha½s±vat²nagare anekapaº¹arahatthis±mimah±dhammar±j± sahapuññakammabh³tato mah±cetiyatocat³su dis±su s²m±sam³hananak±le r±maññadesav±s²hi mah±therehi ca marammadesav±s²himah±therehi ca visu½ visu½ k±r±pes²ti daµµhabba½.

Yadi pana mah±s²ma½ bandhituk±mo hoti, tad± usabhamatta½ v± dvi-usabhamatta½ v± taduttariv± padesa½ sallakkhetv± “ettake µh±ne vih±ra½ kariss±m±”ti parikkhepa½ k±r±petv±tassa vih±raparikkhepassa anto ca sabbattha bahi ca samant± le¹¹up±taµµh±ne mañcappam±ºemañcappam±ºe ok±se heµµh± vuttanayena pantikoµµh±se katv± kammappattehibhikkh³hi saddhi½ nirantara½ µhatv± paµhama½ avippav±sas²m± tato sam±nasa½v±sakas²m± ca sam³hanitabb±.Eva½ s²m±ya samuggh±te kate tasmi½ vih±re khaº¹as²m±ya mah±s²m±ya ca vijjam±nattesati avassa½ ekasmi½ mañcaµµh±ne t±sa½ majjhagat± te bhikkh³ t± sam³haneyyu½, tato g±mas²m±eva avasisseyya, tassa½ g±mas²m±ya½ khaº¹as²m±mah±s²m±vasena duvidh± s²m± yath±rucibandhitabb±. Bandhan±k±ra½ pana upari vakkh±ma.

Kasm± pana nimitt±na½ bahipi s²m±sam³hanana½ kata½, nanu nimitt±na½ antoyeva abhinavas²m±icchitabb±ti tattheva sambhedajjhottharaºavimocanattha½ por±ºakas²m±ya sam³hanana½ k±tabbanti?Sacca½, duviññeyyatt± pana eva½ katanti daµµhabba½. Duviññeyyo hi por±ºakas²m±yavijjam±n±vijjam±nabh±vo, tasm± yadi nimitt±na½ antoyeva s²m±sam³hanana½ kareyya,tato bahi por±ºakas²m± tiµµheyya, tato appamattaka½ µh±na½ anto paviseyya, ta½ µh±na½kammav±c±p±µhakena saha s²m±sam³hananak±rakasaªghassa patiµµhahanappahonaka½ na bhaveyya, eva½sante s± por±ºakas²m± asam³hat±va bhaveyya. Ta½ sam³hatasaññ±ya s²m±sammannanak±leantonimittaµµh±na½ sammanneyyu½, ta½ asam³hatapor±ºas²m±koµipaviµµhatt± s²m±ya s²ma½sambhedadoso, yadi pana ta½ µh±na½ catunna½ nisinnappahonaka½ bhaveyya, s²m±ya s²ma½ ajjhottharaºadoso,yadipi anto na pavisati, nirantara½ phuµµhamatta½ hoti, evampi s²m±saªkaradosoti imasm±dosattay± vimocanattha½ nimitt±na½ bahipi s²m±sam³hanana½ kata½. Teneva vimativinodaniya½(vi. vi. µ². mah±vagga 2.144) “bahi ca samant± le¹¹up±te”ti-±di vuttanti daµµhabba½.

Keci pana ±cariy± samant± nimitt±na½ anto rajjupas±raºa½ katv± antoµhatv± rajjuy± heµµh± p±de pavesetv± rajjuto bahi kiñcimatta½ µh±na½ atikkamitv±s²m±sam³hanana½ karonti, tadeta½ vic±retabba½. P±daggaµµhapanamattena por±ºas²m±samuggh±tona hoti, atha kho kammav±c±p±µhakena saha kammapattasaªghassa patiµµh±nena kammav±c±ya p±µhanenaca samuggh±to hoti. Vuttañhi vimativinodanippakaraºe (vi. vi. µ². mah±vagga 2.144)“s²m±ya pana antoµh±na½, ‘sam³haniss±m±’ti kammav±c±ya karaºañcettha aªgan”ti, tasm±ekadesena antopaviµµh±ya ca ekasambandhena µhit±ya por±ºakabaddhas²m±ya samuggh±te akatevuttanayena dosattayato na mucceyya, tasm± nimittato bahipi µhatv± sam³hananakaraºabh±vovap±sa½sataro hoti. Aññe pana ±cariy± kammak±rakabhikkh³na½ padavalañjasambandha½ katv±sam³hananti, ta½ garukaraºavasena katanti gayham±ne doso natthi. Ekacce pana ther±“k±rakasaªghassa akkantaµµh±neyeva s²m± sam³hat±, na anakkantaµµh±neti saññ±ya paµhamatara½s±la½ karitv± pacch± s²m±ya sam³hat±ya thambhaµµh±ne akkamitu½ na labhati, tasm± asam³hat±s²m±”ti vadanti.

Pubbepi sir²khettanagare mah±sattadhammar±jassa k±le tena raññ± katassa nandanavih±rassapurato tassa rañño aggamahesiy± s²m±ya patiµµh±pit±ya paµhama½ jetavanas±la½ katv± pacch±s²ma½ sam³hani½su, tad± tasmi½ nagare mah±rukkham³liko n±ma eko gaºap±mokkhatthero“sace thambha½ vijjhitv± p±de µhapetu½ sakkhiss±mi, eva½ sante aha½ ±gacchiss±m²”tivatv± n±gacchati. Sabbe ther± “na thambhamattena por±ºas²m± tiµµhati, thambhassa samantatoµhatv± kammav±c±ya kat±ya s²m± sam³hat± hot²”ti vatv± tassa vacana½aggahetv± sam³hani½su ceva bandhi½su ca. Ha½s±vat²nagare dhammacetiyarañño kaly±ºiyas²m±bandhanak±lepipaµhama½ s±la½ karitv±va pacch± sam³hani½su, na ca p±¼i-aµµhakath±µ²k±d²su “padavalañjasambandha½katv± s²m± sam³hanitabb±”ti p±µho atthi, “mañcappam±ºe mañcappam±ºe µh±ne”ti(vi. vi. µ². mah±vagga 2.144) pana atthi. Por±ºas²m±ya anto µhatv± ekasmi½ µh±nes²m±sam³hananakammav±c±ya kat±ya sakal±pi s²m± sam³hat±va hoti, tasm± “padavalañjasambandha½katv± sam³hanitabban”ti vacana½ paº¹it± na sampaµicchanti. ¿disa½ pana vacana½ garukaraºavasenavuttanti gayham±ne kiñc±pi doso natthi, tath±pi siss±nusiss±na½ diµµh±nugati-±pajjanak±raºa½hoti. Te hi “amh±ka½ ±cariy± eva½ kathenti, eva½ karont²”ti da¼h²kammavasenagahetv± tath± akate s²m± sam³hat± na hot²ti maññanti, tasm± pakaraº±gatanayavasenevakaraºa½ vara½ pasattha½ hot²ti daµµhabba½.

Aparampi imasmi½ s²m±sam³hanan±dhik±re dhammag±ravehi vinayadharehi cintetabba½ gambh²ra½duddasa½ µh±na½ atthi, ta½ katamanti ce? “Anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, tiyojanaparama½ s²ma½ sammannitun”ti (mah±va. 140) vacanato n±n±g±makkhett±ni avattharitv± sammat± tiyojanik±dik±yo mah±s²m±yo bhagavat± anuññ±t± atthi, atha eka½ g±makkhetta½ sodhetv± ±rakkha½ datv±s²m±ya sam³hat±ya yadi tato aññesu g±makkhettesu bhikkh³ santi, na g±mas²m± baddhas²ma½paricchinditu½ sakkoti, tasm± te bhikkh³ tasmi½ kamme vagga½ kareyyu½, eva½sati s²m± sam³hat± na bhaveyya, t±ya asam³hat±ya sati abhinavas²m± sammannitabb± nabhaveyya, iti ida½ µh±na½ dujj±na½ duddasa½, tasm± p±s±ºacchatta½ viya bhagavato ºa½ garu½ karontehi lajjipesalabahussutasikkh±k±mabh³tehi vinayavid³hi suµµhu cintetabbanti.

Imasmi½ adhik±re cintento gavesanto vicinanto ida½ k±raºa½ dissati– tiyojanik±dimah±s²m±yoiddhimant±na½ bhikkh³na½ dharam±nak±le sannipatitu½ v± visodhetu½ v± sakkuºeyyabh±vatotam±rabbha bhagavat± anuj±nit± bhaveyyu½. Sabbasmi½ k±le sabbasmi½ padese sabbebhikkh³ t±disa½ mah±s²ma½ sodhetu½ v± sannipatitu½ v± na sakk±, na ca bhagav± asakkuºeyya½alabbhaneyya½ k±raºa½ vadeyya. Bhagavato dharam±nak±le r±jagahanagare aµµh±rasa mah±vih±r±ekas²m±va dhammasen±patis±riputtattherena sammat±ti. S²ha¼ad²pe mah±vih±ras²m±anur±dhapura½ antokatv± pavatt± mah±mahindattherena sammat±ti ca pakaraºesu dissati,na tath± imasmi½ n±ma dese dviyojanik± v± tiyojanik± v± s²m± asukena bhikkhun±sammat±ti dissati. Imasmiñca marammadese t±dis±na½ s²m±na½ natthibh±vo upaparikkhitv±j±nitabbo. Tath± hi anekasata-anekasahassavassak±lato uppann± baddhas²m± p±s±ºathambhanimittenasaha tasmi½ tasmi½ padese dissanti. Arimaddanapure ca anuruddhamah±r±jena sammann±pit±dv±saµµhay±dhikasatahatth±y±m± sattacatt±l²s±dhikasatahatthavitth±r± mah±s²m± nimittena sahadissati. Ratanap³ranagare ca narapatijeyyas³ramah±r±jak±le aµµhasattat±dhikacatusatakaliyugesammannit± s²m± p±s±ºalekh±ya saddhi½ dissati. Yadi tiyojanaparam±dimah±s²m±yoatthi, por±º±cariy± nava½ nava½ baddhas²ma½ na bandheyyu½, atha ca pana bandhanti, t±suca navas²m±su upasampad±disaªghakamma½ karonti, tato eva ca gaºanapathamatikkant± bhikkh³ paramparatova¹¹hent± y±vajjatan± s±sana½ patiµµhapenti. Imin± ca k±raºena imasmi½padese tiyojan± s²m±yo natth²ti viññ±yati.

Atha v± “vih±raparikkhepassa anto ca bahi ca samant± le¹¹up±te”ti vih±raparikkhepassa anto ca vih±r³pac±rabh³te bahi le¹¹up±te ca µh±neyeva s²m±sam³hananassa vimativinodaniya½ (vi. vi. µ². mah±vagga 2.144) vuttatt±pi t±dis± mah±s²m±yo natth²ti viññ±yati.Yadi atthi, s²m±sam³hanana½ pakaraº±cariy± na katheyyu½. Kathent±pi samant± tiyojana½µh±na½ sodhetv± s²m±sam³hanana½ kareyyu½, tath± pana akathetv± vih±ravih±r³pac±resuyevas²m±sam³hananassa kathitatt± tiyojanik±dayo mah±s²m±yo natth²ti viññ±yati.

Atha v± “khaº¹as²ma½ pana j±nant± avippav±sa½ aj±nant±pi sam³hanituñceva bandhituñca sakkhissant²”tiaµµhakath±ya½ (mah±va. aµµha. 144) vacanatopi tesu tesu janapadesu tiyojanik±dik±yomah±s²m±yo natth²ti viññ±yati. Katha½? Yadi t±dis± s²m±yo atthi, sakalampi ta½s²ma½ asodhetv± s²m±sam³hanana½ aµµhakath±cariy± na katheyyu½, atha ca pana khaº¹as²ma½ j±nant±avippav±sa½ aj±nant±pi s²ma½ sam³hanitu½ bandhituñca samatthabh±va½ kathenti, s± kath±khandhas²m±ya s²mantarikantaritamatt± hutv± tasmi½ g±makkhette avippav±sas²m± bhaveyya,tasm± tasmi½ µh±ne µhatv± sam³hanitu½ samatthabh±vena aµµhakath±cariyehi kath²yati, nan±n±g±makkhett±ni avattharitv± sammat±ya tiyojanik±dibhed±ya s²m±ya aññesu g±makkhettesuaññesu bhikkh³su santesupi sam³hanitu½ samatthabh±vena, tena ñ±yati “na abbesu µh±nesu tiyojanik±dibhed±yo mah±s²m±yo na sant²”ti. ¿dis±ni k±raº±nibhagavato ±ºa½ garu½ karontehi vinayatthavid³hi vinayadharehi punappuna½ cintetabb±niupaparikkhitabb±ni, ito aññ±nipi k±raº±ni gavesitabb±n²ti.

Ito parampi “sace aññ±nipi g±makkhett±ni antok±tuk±m±, tesu g±mesu ye bhikkh³vasanti, tehipi ±gantabban”ti-±divacanato (mah±va. aµµha. 138) ekasmi½yeva g±makkhettes²ma½ na bandhanti, atha kho aññ±nipi g±makkhett±ni antokaritv±pi bandhanti, tasm±id±ni sammannitabb±ya s²m±ya nissayabh³ta½ pakatig±makkhetta½ v± visu½g±makkhetta½v± sodhitanti manasi na k±tabba½. Kaªkhacchedanattha½ s²m±sam³hananakammav±c±bhaºanasamayetena g±makkhettena sambandhesu aññesu g±makkhettesu vasante bhikkh³pi y±citv± tatog±makkhettato bahi d³re v±s±petabb±. Evañhi karonte aññ±ni g±makkhett±ni antokaritv±por±ºas²m±ya vijjam±n±yapi te vagga½ k±tu½ na sakkonti. Tato s²m±sam³hananakammav±c± sampajjati, tasm± evar³po sukhumo nipuºo attho vinayadharehi cintetabbo. Eva½ s²m±sam³hananavidh±nena s²m±ya s²ma½ sambhindantena sammat±, s²m±ya s²ma½ ajjhottharantena sammat±ti vuttehidv²hi vipattidosehi mutt± hoti.