23. Nissayavinicchayakath±
151. Eva½ upasampad±vinicchaya½ kathetv± id±ni nissayavinicchaya½ kathetu½ “nissayotiettha pan±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha nissayana½ nissayo, sevana½ bhajanantyattho. Nipubbasisev±yanti dh±tu bh±vas±dhano, na “niss±ya na½ vasat²ti nissayo”ti idha viya avuttakammas±dhano.Tattha hi sevitabbo puggalo labbhati, idha pana sevanakiriy±ti. Id±ni ta½ nissaya½pucch±pubbaªgam±ya vissajjan±ya vitth±rato µhapetu½ “kena d±tabbo”ti-±dim±ha.Tattha kena d±tabbo, kena na d±tabboti nissayad±yaka½ katt±ra½ pucchati, kassad±tabbo, kassa na d±tabboti nissayapaµigg±haka½ sampad±na½, katha½ gahito hoti,katha½ paµippassambhat²ti k±raºa½, niss±ya kena vasitabba½, kena na vasitabbantinissayapaµipannaka½. Tato pucch±nukkamena vissajjetu½ “tattha”ty±dim±ha.Na kevala½ ettheva, atha kho nissayamuccanaªgepi “byatten±”ti ±gato.Tattha ettha ca ko visesoti ±ha “ettha ca ‘byatto’ti imin± parisupaµµh±pakobahussuto veditabbo”ti. Id±ni parisupaµµh±pakalakkhaºa½ dassetu½ “parisupaµµh±pakenah²”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha abhivinayeti sakale vinayapiµake. Vinetuntisikkh±petu½. Dve vibhaªg± paguº± v±cuggat± k±tabb±ti ida½ paripucch±vasena uggaºhana½sandh±ya vuttanti vadanti. Ekassa pamuµµha½, itaresa½ paguºa½ bhaveyy±ti ±ha “t²hijanehi saddhi½ parivattanakkham± k±tabb±”ti. Abhidhammeti n±mar³paparicchede.Heµµhim± v± tayo vagg±ti mah±vaggato heµµh± sag±th±vaggo nid±navaggo khandhavaggoti imetayo vagg±. “Dhammapadampi saha vatthun± uggahetu½ vaµµat²”ti mah±paccariya½ vuttatt±j±takabh±ºakena s±µµhakatha½ j±taka½ uggahetv±pi dhammapada½ saha vatthun± uggahetabbameva.Pañcahi bhikkhave aªgehi samann±gaten±ti-±d²su na s±maºero upaµµh±petabboti upajjh±yenahutv± s±maºero na upaµµh±petabbo. Asekkhena s²lakkhandhen±ti asekkhassa s²lakkhandhopiasekkho s²lakkhandho n±ma. Asekkhassa ayanti hi asekkho, s²lakkhandho. Eva½ sabbattha.Evañca katv± vimuttiñ±ºadassanasaªkh±tassa paccavekkhaºañ±ºassapi vasena apekkhitv± uppann±aya½ kath±. Asekkhas²lanti ca na aggaphalas²lameva adhippeta½, atha kho ya½ kiñciasekkhasant±ne pavattas²la½ lokiyalokuttaramissakassa s²lassa idh±dhippetatt±. Sam±dhikkhandh±d²supivimuttikkhandhapariyos±nesu ayameva nayo, tasm± yath± s²lasam±dhipaññ±kkhandh± lokiyamissak±kathit±, eva½ vimuttikkhandhop²ti tadaªgavimutti-±dayopi veditabb±, na paµippassaddhivimuttieva. Vimuttiñ±ºadassana½ pana lokiyameva. Teneva sa½yuttanik±yaµµhakath±ya½ (sa½.ni. aµµha. 1.1.135) vutta½ “purimehi cat³hi padehi lokiyalokuttaras²lasam±dhipaññ±vimuttiyo kathit±, vimuttiñ±ºadassana½ paccavekkhaºañ±ºa½ hoti, ta½ lokiyamev±”ti.Assaddhoti-±d²su t²su vatth³su saddh± etassa natth²ti assaddho. Natthi etassa hir²tiahiriko, akusalasam±pattiy± ajiguccham±nasseta½ adhivacana½. Na ottappat²tianottapp², akusalasam±pattiy± na bh±yat²ti vutta½ hoti. Kucchita½ s²dat²tikus²to, h²nav²riyasseta½ adhivacana½. ¾raddha½ v²riya½ etass±ti ±raddhav²riyo,sammappadh±nayuttasseta½ adhivacana½. Muµµh± sati etass±ti muµµhassat², naµµhassat²tivutta½ hoti. Upaµµhit± sati etass±ti upaµµhitassat², nicca½ ±rammaº±bhimukhapavattasatisseta½adhivacana½.Adhis²le s²lavipanno ca ajjh±c±re ±c±ravipanno ca ±pajjitv± avuµµhito adhippeto.Sassatucchedasaªkh±ta½ anta½ gaºh±ti, g±hayat²ti v± antagg±hik±, micch±diµµhi.Purim±ni dve pad±n²ti “na paµibalo hoti antev±si½ v± saddhivih±ri½ v± gil±na½upaµµh±tu½ v± upaµµh±petu½ v±, anabhirata½ v³pak±setu½ v± v³pak±s±petu½ v±”tiim±ni dve pad±ni.Abhi visiµµho uttamo sam±c±ro abhisam±c±ro, abhisam±c±rova ±bhisam±c±rikoti casikkhitabbato sikkh±ti ca ±bhisam±c±rikasikkh±. Abhisam±c±ra½ v± ±rabbha paññatt±sikkh± ±bhisam±c±rikasikkh±, khandhakavattapariy±pannasikkh±yeta½ adhivacana½. Maggabrahmacariyassa±dibh³t±ti ±dibrahmacariyak±, ubhatovibhaªgapariy±pannasikkh±yeta½ adhivacana½. Teneva“ubhatovibhaªgapariy±panna½ v± ±dibrahmacariyaka½, khandhakavattapariy±panna½±bhisam±c±rikan”ti visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 1.11) vutta½, tasm± sekkhapaººattiyantiettha sikkhitabbato sekkh±, bhagavat± paññattatt± paººatti, sabb±pi ubhatovibhaªgapariy±pann±sikkh±padapaººatti “sekkhapaººatt²”ti vutt±ti gahetabba½. Teneva gaºµhipadepi vutta½“sekkhapaººattiyanti p±r±jikam±di½ katv± sikkhitabbasikkh±padapaññattiyan”ti.Sesamettha utt±natthamev±ti s±ratthad²paniya½ (s±rattha. µ². mah±vagga 3.84).Upajjh±y±cariyakath±ya½ na s±maºero upaµµh±petabboti upajjh±yena hutv± na pabb±jetabbo.Asekkhassa ayanti asekkho, lokiyalokuttaro s²lakkhandho. Antagg±hik±y±tisassatucchedakoµµh±sagg±hik±ya. Pacchim±ni dveti appassuto hoti, duppaññohot²ti im±ni dve aªg±ni. Pacchim±ni t²º²ti na paµibalo uppanna½ kukkucca½dhammato vinodetu½, ±patti½ na j±n±ti, ±pattivuµµh±na½ na j±n±t²ti im±ni t²ºi.Kukkuccassa hi p±¼i-aµµhakath±nayasaªkh±tadhammato vinodetu½ appaµibalat± n±ma abyattatt±eva hot²ti s±pi ±patti-aªgameva vutt±.Abhi visiµµho uttamo sam±c±ro abhisam±c±ro, vattappaµipattis²la½, ta½ ±rabbha paññatt±khandhakasikkh±padasaªkh±t± sikkh± ±bhisam±c±rik±. Sikkh±padampi hi tadatthaparip³raºatthikehiuggahaº±divasena sikkhitabbato sikkh±ti vuccati. Maggabrahmacariyassa ±dibh³t± k±raºabh³t±±dibrahmacariyak±, ubhatovibhaªgapariy±pannasikkh±pada½. Tenevettha visuddhimaggepi (visuddhi.1.11) “ubhatovibhaªgapariy±panna½ sikkh±pada½ ±dibrahmacariyaka½, khandhakavattapariy±panna½±bhisam±c±rikan”ti vutta½, tasm± sekkhapaººattiyanti ettha sikkhitabbato sekkh±,bhagavat±va paññattatt± paññatti. Sabb±pi ubhatovibhaªgapariy±pann± sikkh±padapaººatti“sekkhapaººatt²”ti vutt±ti gahetabba½. N±mar³paparicchedeti ettha kusalattik±d²hivutta½ j±tibh³mipuggalasampayogavatth±rammaºakammadv±ralakkhaºaras±dibhedehi vedan±kkhandh±dicatubbidha½sanibb±na½ n±ma½, bh³top±d±yabheda½ r³pañca paricchinditv± j±nanapaññ±, tappak±sakoca gantho n±mar³paparicchedo n±ma. Imin± abhidhammatthakusalena bhavitabbanti dasseti. Sikkh±petuntiuggaºh±petunti vimativinodaniya½ (vi. vi. µ². mah±vagga 2.84) vutta½. 153. ¾yasmato niss±ya vacch±m²ti ettha ±yasmatoti upayogatthe s±mivacana½, ±yasmanta½niss±ya vasiss±m²ti attho. Ya½ pana vutta½ samantap±s±dik±ya½ (mah±va. aµµha. 76)“byatto…pe… vuttalakkhaºoyev±”ti, ta½ paris³paµµh±kabahussuta½ sandh±ya vadati.Pabbajj±-upasampadadhammantev±sikehi pana…pe… t±va vatta½ k±tabbanti pabbajj±cariya-upasampad±cariyadhamm±cariy±na½etehi yath±vuttavatta½ k±tabba½. Tattha yena sikkh±pad±ni dinn±ni, aya½ pabbajj±cariyo.Yena upasampadakammav±c± vutt±, aya½ upasampad±cariyo. Yo uddesa½ v± paripuccha½v± deti, aya½ dhamm±cariyoti veditabba½. Sesamettha utt±natthameva. 154. Nissayapaµippassaddhikath±ya½ disa½ gatoti puna ±gantuk±mo, an±gantuk±mov± hutv± v±satth±ya kañci disa½ gato. Bhikkhussa sabh±gatanti pesalabh±va½. Oloketv±tiupaparikkhitv±. Vibbhante…pe… tattha gantabbanti ettha “sace kenacikaraº²yena tadaheva gantu½ asakkonto ‘katip±hena gamiss±m²’ti gamane sa-uss±ho hoti,rakkhat²”ti vadanti. M± idha paµikkam²ti m± idha pavisi. Tatrevavasitabbanti tattheva nissaya½ gahetv± vasitabba½. Ta½yeva vih±ra½…pe… vasitu½vaµµat²ti ettha upajjh±yena pariccattatt± upajjh±yasamodh±naparih±ro natthi, tasm± upajjh±yasamodh±nagatassapi±cariyassa santike gahitanissayo na paµippassambhati.¾cariyamh± nissayapaµippassaddh²su ±cariyo pakkanto v± hot²ti ettha “pakkantotidisa½ gato”ti-±din± upajjh±yassa pakkamane yo vinicchayo vutto, so tattha vuttanayenevaidh±pi sakk± viññ±tunti ta½ avatv± “koci ±cariyo ±pucchitv± pakkamat²”ti-±din±aññoyeva nayo ±raddho. Ayañca nayo upajjh±yapakkamanepi veditabboyeva. ¿disesu hiµh±nesu ekatthavuttalakkhaºa½ aññatth±pi daµµhabba½. Sace dve le¹¹up±te atikkamitv± nivattati,paµippassaddho hot²ti ettha ett±vat± dis±pakkanto n±ma hot²ti antev±sike anikkhittadhurepinissayo paµippassambhati. ¾cariyupajjh±y± dve le¹¹up±te atikkamma aññasmi½ vih±revasant²ti bahi-upac±ras²m±ya½ antev±sikasaddhivih±rik±na½ vasanaµµh±nato dve le¹¹up±teatikkamma aññasmi½ sen±sane vasanti, anto-upac±ras²m±ya½ pana dve le¹¹up±te atikkamitv±pivasato nissayo na paµippassambhati. “Sacepi ±cariyo muñcituk±mova hutv± nissayapaº±man±yapaº±met²”ti-±di sabba½ upajjh±yassa ±ºattiyampi veditabbanti s±ratthad²paniya½ (s±rattha.µ². mah±vagga 3.83) vutta½.
153. S±h³ti s±dhu sundara½. Lah³ti agaru, subharat±ti attho. Op±yikantiup±yapaµisa½yutta½, eva½ paµipajjana½ nittharaºup±yoti attho. Patir³panti s±m²cikammamidantiattho P±s±diken±ti pas±d±vahena, k±yavac²payogena samp±deh²tiattho. K±yen±ti etadatthaviññ±paka½ hatthamudd±di½ dassento k±yena viññ±peti.“S±dh³”ti sampaµicchana½ sandh±y±ti upajjh±yena “s±h³”ti-±d²su vuttesu saddhivih±rikassa“s±dh³”ti sampaµicchanavacana½ sandh±ya “k±yena viññ±pet²”ti-±di vuttanti adhipp±yo. ¾y±canad±namatten±ti saddhivih±rikassa paµhama½ ±y±canamattena, tato upajjh±yassaca “s±h³”ti-±din± vacanamatten±ti attho. ¾cariyassa santike nissayaggahaºe ±yasmatoniss±ya vacch±m²ti ±yasmanta½ niss±ya vasiss±m²ti attho. 154. Nissayapaµippassaddhikath±ya½ yo v± ekasambhogaparibhogo, tassa santike nissayogahetabboti imin± lajj²su eva nissayaggahaºa½ niyojeti alajj²su paµikkhittatt±.Ettha ca paribhogasaddena ekakamm±diko sa½v±so gahito paccayaparibhogassa sambhogasaddenagahitatt±. Etena ca sambhogasa½v±s±na½ alajj²hi saddhi½ na kattabbata½ dasseti. Parih±ronatth²ti ±pattiparih±ro natthi. T±disoti yattha nissayo gahitapubbo, yo caekasambhogaparibhogo, t±diso. Tath± vuttanti “lahu½ ±gamissat²”ti vuttañcetiattho. Catt±ri pañca divas±n²ti ida½ upalakkhaºamatta½. Yadi ek±hadv²hena sabh±gat±paññ±yati, ñ±tadivase gahetabbova. Ath±pi catupañc±henapi na paññ±yati, yattakehidivasehi paññ±yati, tattak±ni atikk±metabb±ni. Sabh±gata½ olokem²ti pana lesona k±tabbo. Dahar± suºant²ti ettha asutv±pi “±gamissati, kenaci antar±yenacir±yant²”ti saññ±ya satipi labbhateva parih±ro Ten±ha “idhev±ha½vasiss±m²ti pahiºati, parih±ro natth²”ti. Ekadivasampi parih±ro natth²ti gamaneniruss±ha½ sandh±ya vutta½, sa-uss±hassa pana sen±sanapaµis±man±divasena katip±he gatepina doso.
Tatreva vasitabbanti tatra sabh±gaµµh±ne eva nissaya½ gahetv± vasitabba½. Ta½yeva vih±ra½…pe…vasitu½ vaµµat²ti imin± upajjh±ye saªgaºhanteyeva ta½samodh±ne nissayapaµippassaddhi vutt±,tasmi½ pana kodhena v± gaºanirapekkhat±ya v± asaªgaºhante aññesu gahito nissayo napaµippassambhat²ti dasseti.¾cariyamh± nissayapaµippassaddhiya½ vutto “koci ±cariyo”ti-±diko nayo upajjh±yapakkaman±d²supinetv± tattha ca vutto idh±pi netv± yath±raha½ yojetabbo. Dve le¹¹up±te atikkammaaññasmi½ vih±re vasant²ti upac±ras²mato bahi aññasmi½ vih±re antev±sik±d²na½vasanaµµh±nato dve le¹¹up±te atikkamitv± vasanti. Tena bahi-upac±repi antev±sik±d²na½ vasanaµµh±nato dvinna½ le¹¹up±t±na½ antare ±sanne padese vasati, nissayo na paµippassambhat²ti dasseti. Anto-upac±ras²m±ya½ pana dve le¹¹up±te atikkamitv± vasato nissayo napaµippassambhatev±ti vimativinodaniya½ (vi. vi. µ². mah±vagga 2.83) vutta½.
Iti vinayasaªgahasa½vaººan±bh³te vinay±laªk±re
Nissayavinicchayakath±laªk±ro n±ma
Tev²satimo paricchedo.