Upasampad±vinicchayakath±

Eva½ pabbajj±vinicchaya½ kathetv± tadanantara½ upasampad±vinicchayo kathetabbo, eva½ santepiaµµhakath±ya½ upasampad±vinicchayakath± p±¼ivaººan±vaseneva ±gat±, no p±¼imuttakavinicchayavasena,imassa pana pakaraºassa p±¼imuttakavinicchayakath±bh³tatt± tamakathetv± nissayavinicchayoeva ±cariyena kathito, maya½ pana upasampad±vinicchayassa atisukhumatt± atigambh²ratt±sudullabhatt± s±san±nuggahattha½ ±cariyena avuttampi samantap±s±dikaton²haritv± vimativinodan²-±dippakaraºesu ±gatavinicchayena alaªkaritv± ta½ vinicchaya½kathayiss±ma.

Tena kho pana samayen±ti yena samayena bhagavat± “na bhikkhave anupajjh±yako”ti-±disikkh±pada½apaññatta½ hoti, tena samayena. Anupajjh±yakanti upajjha½ ag±h±petv± sabbenasabba½ upajjh±yavirahita½, eva½ upasampann± neva dhammato na ±misato saªgaha½ labhanti, teparih±yantiyeva, na va¹¹hanti. Na bhikkhave anupajjh±yakoti upajjha½ ag±h±petv±nirupajjh±yako na upasamp±detabbo, yo upasamp±deyya, ±patti dukkaµass±tisikkh±padapaññattito paµµh±ya eva½ upasamp±dentassa ±patti hoti, kamma½ pana na kuppati.Keci “kuppat²”ti vadanti, ta½ na gahetabba½. “Saªghena upajjh±yen±”ti-±d²supiubhatobyañjanakupajjh±yapariyos±nesu eseva nayo.

Apattak± hatthesu piº¹±ya carant²ti yo hatthesu piº¹o labbhati, tadatth±ya caranti.Seyyath±pi titthiy±ti yath± ±j²vakan±mak± titthiy±. S³pabyañjanehi missetv±hatthesu µhapitapiº¹ameva hi te bhuñjanti. ¾patti dukkaµass±ti eva½ upasamp±dentasseva±patti hoti, kamma½ pana na kuppati, ac²varak±divatth³supi eseva nayo.

Y±citaken±ti “y±va upasampada½ karoma, t±va deth±”ti y±citv± gahitena, t±vak±liken±tiattho. ¿disena hi pattena v± c²varena v± pattac²varena v± upasamp±dentasseva ±pattihoti, kamma½ pana na kuppati, tasm± paripuººapattac²varova upasamp±detabbo. Sacetassa natthi, ±cariyupajjh±y± cassa d±tuk±m± honti aññe v± bhikkh³,nirapekkhehi vissajjetv± adhiµµh±n³paga½ pattac²vara½ d±tabba½.

Gottenapi anuss±vetunti “mah±kassapassa upasampad±pekkho”ti eva½ gotta½vatv± anuss±vetu½ anuj±n±m²ti attho. Dve ek±nuss±vaneti dve ekato anuss±vane,ekena ekassa, aññena itarass±ti eva½ dv²hi v± ±cariyehi ekena v± ekakkhaºekammav±ca½ anuss±ventehi upasamp±detu½ anuj±n±m²ti attho. Dve tayo ek±nuss±vanek±tu½, tañca kho ekena upajjh±yen±ti dve v± tayo v± jane purimanayeneva ekatoanuss±vane k±tu½ anuj±n±mi, tañca kho anuss±vanakiriya½ ekena upajjh±yenaanuj±n±m²ti attho. Tasm± ekena ±cariyena dve v± tayo v± anuss±vetabb±. Dv²hiv± t²hi v± ±cariyehi visu½ visu½ ekena ekass±ti eva½ ekappah±reneva dvetisso v± kammav±c± k±tabb±. Sace pana n±n±cariy± n±nupajjh±y± honti, tissattherosumanattherassa saddhivih±rika½, sumanatthero tissattherassa saddhivih±rika½ anuss±veti,aññamaññañca gaºap³rak± honti, vaµµati. Sace n±nupajjh±y± honti, eko ±cariyo hoti,“na tveva n±nupajjh±yen±”ti paµikkhittatt± na vaµµati. Ida½ sandh±ya hi esa paµikkhepo.

Paµhama½ upajjha½ g±h±petabboti ettha vajj±vajja½ upanijjh±yat²ti upajjh±, ta½ upajjha½“upajjh±yo me, bhante, hoh²”ti eva½ vad±petv± g±h±petabbo. Vitth±yant²tivitthaddhagatt± honti. Ya½ j±tanti ya½ tava sar²re j±ta½ nibbatta½ vijjam±na½, ta½saªghamajjhe pucchante santa½ atth²ti vattabbanti-±di. Ullumpatu manti uddharatu ma½.

T±vadev±ti upasampannasamanantarameva. Ch±y± metabb±ti ekaporis±v± dviporis± v±ti ch±y± metabb±. Utuppam±ºa½ ±cikkhitabbanti “vass±nohemanto gimho”ti utuppam±ºa½ ±cikkhitabba½. Ettha ca utuyeva utuppam±ºa½. Sacevass±n±dayo aparipuºº± honti, yattakehi divasehi yassa yo utu aparipuººo, tedivase sallakkhetv± so divasabh±go ±cikkhitabbo. Atha v± “aya½ n±ma utu, soca kho paripuººo aparipuººo v±”ti eva½ utuppam±ºa½ ±cikkhitabba½, “pubbaºho v±s±yanho v±”ti eva½ divasabh±go ±cikkhitabbo. Saªg²t²ti idameva sabba½ ekatokatv± “tva½ ki½ labhasi, k± te ch±y±, ki½ utuppam±ºa½, ko divasabh±go”ti puµµho“ida½ n±ma labh±mi vassa½ v± hemanta½ v± gimha½ v±, aya½ me ch±y±, ida½ utuppam±ºa½,aya½ divasabh±goti vadeyy±s²”ti eva½ ±cikkhitabba½.

Oh±y±ti cha¹¹etv±. Dutiya½ d±tunti upasampadam±¼akato pariveºa½ gacchantassadutiyaka½ d±tu½ anuj±n±mi, catt±ri ca akaraº²y±ni ±cikkhitunti attho. Paº¹upal±sotipaº¹uvaººo patto. Bandhan± pavuttoti vaºµato patito. Abhabbo haritatth±y±tipuna harito bhavitu½ abhabbo. Puthusil±ti mah±sil±. Aya½ samantap±s±dikaton²haritv± ±bhato upasampad±vinicchayo.

Anupajjh±y±divatth³su sikkh±pada½ apaññattanti “na anupajjh±yako upasamp±detabbo”ti(mah±va. 117) idheva paññ±piyam±na½ sikkh±pada½ sandh±ya vutta½. Kamma½ pana na kuppat²tiida½ upajjh±y±bh±vepi “itthann±massa upasampad±pekkh± itthann±mena upajjh±yen±”ti matassa v± vibbhantassa v± pur±ºa-upajjh±yassa, aññassa v± yassa kassaciavijjam±nassapi n±mena sabbattha upajjh±yakittanassa katatt± vutta½. Yadi hi upajjh±yakittana½na kareyya, “puggala½ na par±masat²”ti vuttakammavipatti eva siy±. Teneva p±¼iya½(mah±va. 117) “anupajjh±yakan”ti vutta½, aµµhakath±yampi (mah±va. aµµha. 117) assa“upajjh±ya½ akittetv±”ti avatv± “upajjh±ya½ ag±h±petv± sabbena sabba½ upajjh±yavirahita½”icceva attho vutto. P±¼iya½ saªghena upajjh±yen±ti “aya½ itthann±mo saªghassa upasampad±pekkho,itthann±mo saªgha½ upasampada½ y±cati saªghena upajjh±yen±”ti eva½ kammav±c±ya saªghameva upajjh±ya½kittetv±ti attho. Eva½ gaºena upajjh±yen±ti etth±pi “aya½ itthann±mo gaºassaupasampad±pekkho”ti-±din± yojan± veditabb±. Eva½ vuttepi kamma½ na kuppati evadukkaµasseva vuttatt±, aññath± “so ca puggalo anupasampanno”ti vadeyya. Ten±ha“saªghen±”ti-±di. Tattha paº¹ak±di-upajjh±yehi kariyam±nesu kammesu paº¹ak±dikevin±va yadi pañcavagg±digaºo p³rati, kamma½ na kuppati, itarath± kuppat²ti veditabba½.

Apattac²varavatth³supi pattac²var±na½ abh±vepi “paripuººassa pattac²varan”ti kammav±c±yas±vitatt± kammakopa½ avatv± dukkaµameva vutta½. Itarath± s±van±ya h±panato kammakopoeva siy±. Keci pana “paµhama½ anuññ±takammav±c±ya½ upasampann± viya id±nipi ‘paripuººassapattac²varan’ti avatv± kammav±c±ya upasampann±pi s³pasampann± ev±”ti vadanti, ta½na yutta½. Anuññ±tak±lato paµµh±ya hi apar±masana½ s±van±ya h±panavipatti eva hoti“itthann±mo saªgha½ upasampada½ y±cat²”ti padassa h±pane viya Tampi hipacch± anuññ±ta½, “saªgha½, bhante, upasampada½ y±c±m²”ti-±div±kyena ay±cetv± tampiupasamp±dento “aya½ itthann±mo saªgha½ upasampada½ y±cat²”ti vatv±va yadi kammav±ca½ karoti,kamma½ sukatameva hoti. No ce, vipanna½. Sabbapacch± hi anuññ±takammav±cato kiñcipi parih±petu½ na vaµµati, s±van±ya h±panameva hoti, aññe v± bhikkh³ d±tuk±m± hont²tisambandho, ayamettha vimativinodaniy± (vi. vi. µ². mah±vagga 2.117) ±bhato vinicchayo.S±ratthad²pan²vinicchayo pana idheva antogadh± hoti appataratt± avisesatt± ca.

Vajirabuddhiµ²k±ya½ (vajira. µ². mah±vagga 117) pana “keci kuppat²ti vadanti, ta½na gahetabban”ti ya½ vutta½, ta½ “pañcavaggakaraº²yañce, bhikkhave, kamma½, bhikkhunipañcamokamma½ kareyya, akamma½ na ca karaº²yan”ti-±din± (mah±va. 390) nayena vuttatt±paº¹ak±na½ gaºap³raºabh±ve eva kamma½ kuppati, na sabbanti katv± suvutta½, itarath±“paº¹akupajjh±yena kamma½ kareyya, akamma½ na ca karaº²yan”ti-±dik±ya p±¼iy± bhavitabba½siy±. Yath± aparipuººapattac²varassa upasamp±danak±le kammav±c±ya½ “paripuººassapattac²varan”ti asanta½ vatthu½ kittetv± upasampad±ya kat±ya tasmi½ asantepi upasampad±ruhati, eva½ “aya½ buddharakkhito ±yasmato dhammarakkhitassa upasampad±pekkho”ti avatthu½paº¹akupajjh±y±di½, asanta½ v± vatthu½ kittetv± kat±yapi gaºap³rak±namatthit±ya upasampad±ruhateva. “Na, bhikkhave, paº¹akupajjh±yena upasamp±detabbo, yo upasamp±deyya, ±pattidukkaµassa, so ca puggalo anupasampanno”ti-±divacanassa abh±v± ayamattho siddhova hoti.Na hi buddh± vattabbayutta½ na vadanti. Tena vutta½ “yo pana bhikkhu j±na½ ³nav²sativassa½pe… so ca puggalo anupasampanno”ti-±di (p±ci. 403). Tath±“byattena bhikkhun± paµibalena saªgho ñ±petabbo”ti (mah±va. 71) vacanato theyyasa½v±sak±di-±cariyehianuss±van±ya kat±ya upasampad± na ruhati tesa½ abhikkhutt±ti vacanampi na gahetabba½.

Kiñca bhiyyo– “im±ni catt±ri kamm±ni pañcah±k±rehi vipajjant²”ti-±din± (pari.482) nayena kamm±na½ sampattivipattiy± kathiyam±n±ya “sattahi ±k±rehi kamm±nivipajjanti vatthuto v± ñattito v± anuss±vanato v± s²mato v± parisato v± upajjh±yatov± ±cariyato v±”ti akathitatt± na gahetabba½. “Parisato v±”ti vacanena ±cariyupajjh±y±na½v± saªgaho katoti ce? Na, “dv±dasahi ±k±rehi parisato kamm±ni vipajjant²”ti etassa vibhaªge tesaman±maµµhatt±, ayamattho yasm± tattha tattha sar³pena vuttap±¼ivaseneva sakk±j±nitu½, tasm± nayamukha½ dassetv± sa½khittoti ayamassa yuttigavesan±ti vutta½.

Tatrida½ vic±retabba½– anupajjh±yaka½ upasamp±dent± te bhikkh³ yath±vuttanayena abh³ta½vatthu½ kittayi½su, ud±hu mus±v±dabhay± t±neva pad±ni na s±vesunti. Kiñcettha–yadi t±va upajjh±y±bh±vato na s±vesu½, “puggala½ na par±masat²”ti vuttavipattippasaªgohoti, atha s±vesu½, mus±v±do nesa½ bhavat²ti? Vuccate– s±vesu½yeva yath±vuttavipattippasaªgabhay±,“kamma½ pana na kuppat²”ti aµµhakath±ya½ vuttatt± ca. Na, mus±v±dassa asambhavato,mus±v±denapi kammasambhavato ca. Na hi sakk± mus±v±dena kammavipattisampatti½ k±tunti.Tasm± “anupajjh±yaka½ upasamp±dent²”ti vacanassa ca ubhayadosavinimutto attho pariyesitabbo.

Ayañcettha yutti– yath± pubbe pabbajjupasampadupajjh±yesu vijjam±nesupiupajjh±yaggahaºakkamena aggahitatt± “tena kho pana samayena bhikkh³ anupajjh±yakan”ti-±divutta½, tath± idh±pi upajjh±yassa vijjam±nasseva sato aggahitatt± “anupajjh±yaka½ upasamp±dent²”tivutta½. Kammav±c±cariyena pana “gahito tena upajjh±yo”ti saññ±ya upajjh±ya½kittetv± kammav±ca½ s±vetabba½. Kenaci v± k±raºena k±yas±maggi½ adentassa upajjh±yassachanda½ gahetv± kammav±ca½ s±veti, upajjh±yo v± upasampad±pekkhassa upajjha½ datv±pacch± upasampanne tasmi½ t±dise vatthusmi½ samanuyuñjiyam±no v± asamanuyuñjiyam±nov± upajjh±yad±nato pubbe eva s±maºero paµij±n±ti, sikkh±paccakkh±tako v± antimavatthu-ajjh±pannakov± paµij±n±ti, chandah±rak±dayo viya upajjh±yo v± aññas²m±gato hoti. Kammav±c±ruhat²ti vatv± “anuj±n±mi bhikkhave paccantimesu janapadesu vinayadharapañcamena gaºenaupasampadan”ti vuttatt±. Keci “vinayadharapañcamena upajjh±yena sannihiteneva bhavitabban”tivadant²ti por±ºagaºµhipade vutta½. So ca p±µho appam±ºo majjhimesu janapadesutassa vacanass±bh±vato. Asannihitepi upajjh±ye kammav±c± ruhat²ti ±pajjat²ti ce?Na. Kasm±? Kammasampattiya½ “puggala½ par±masat²”ti vuttap±µhova no pam±ºa½.Na hi tattha asannihito upajjh±yasaªkh±to puggalo par±masana½ arahati, tasm± tattha saªghapar±masana½viya puggalapar±masana½ veditabba½. Saªghena gaºena upajjh±yena upasamp±denti tesa½ atthatopuggalatt±, paº¹ak±di-upajjh±yena upasamp±denti upasamp±danak±le aviditatt±ti por±º±.