Tatth±pi aññe paº¹itepi vinicchin±petv± tesampi p±r±jikacch±y±dissaneyeva tath± vinicchayo k±tabbo, na suddhabh±vadissane. Vuttañhi aµµhakath±ya½ “±patt²ti avatv± ‘sacassa ±cariyo dharati…pe… atha daharassapi p±r±jikacch±y±va upaµµh±ti, tenapi ‘p±r±jikos²’ti na vattabbo. Dullabho hi buddhupp±do, tato dullabhatar± pabbajj± ca upasampad± ca, eva½ pana vattabban”ti, idameka½. Nis²d±piyam±nopi vivittok±seyeva nis²d±petabbo, na sus±ne. Vuttañhi tattha “vivitta½ ok±sa½ sammajjitv± div±vih±ra½ nis²ditv±”ti-±di, idameka½. Vivittok±se nis²d±piyam±nopi div±yeva nis²d±petabbo, na ratti½. Tath± hi vutta½ “divasa½ atikkantampi na j±n±ti, so divas±tikkame upaµµh±na½ ±gato eva½ vattabbo”ti, idameka½.

¿disa½ vidh±na½ saya½ ±rocite eva vidh±tabba½, na parehi codiyam±ne. Tath± hi vutta½ “eva½ katav²tikkamena bhikkhun± sayameva ±gantv± ±rocite paµipajjitabban”ti. Atha kasm± id±ni eva½ karont²ti? Gih²na½ asakkhika-aµµakaraºe udake nimujj±pana½ viya maññam±n± eva½ karonti. Tampi m±y±kusal± manuss± vividhehi up±yehi vitatha½ karonti, tasm± saccampi hoti, asaccampi hoti. Teneva ca k±raºena mahosadhapaº¹it±dayo bodhisatt± asakkhikampi aµµa½ udakanimujj±pan±din± na vinicchinanti, ubhinna½ vacana½ parisa½ g±h±petv± tesa½ vacanañca kiriyañca pariggahetv± saccañca vitathañca ñatv±va vinicchinanti. S±sane pana bhikkh³ s³raj±tik±pi santi, bh²rukaj±tik±pi santi. Sus±nañca n±ma pakatimanuss±nampi bhayasant±sakara½ hoti, rattik±le pana ativiya bhay±naka½ hutv± upaµµh±ti eva½bh³te sus±ne rattiya½ eko asah±yo hutv± nipajj±piyam±no bh²rukaj±tiko bhikkhu parisuddhas²lopi sam±no ki½ na bh±yeyya, katha½ sabbaratti½ sayitu½ v± nis²ditu½ v± sakkuºeyya, tath±r³pa½ bhikkhu½ “aparisuddho”ti vadanto katha½ kiccakaro bhavissati.

Alajj² pana s³raj±tiko attano vajja½ paµicch±detuk±mo bh±yantopi abh±yanto viya hutv± “sace vik±ra½ dassess±mi, anattha½ me karissant²”ti anatthabhayena adhiv±setv± sayitu½ v± nis²ditu½ v± sakkuºeyya, evar³pa½ puggala½ “parisuddho”ti vadanto katha½ suvinicchito bhavissat²ti. Idampi eka½ k±raºa½.

Ath±pi vadeyyu½– yath± udake nimujj±pitamanuss±na½ asaccav±d²na½ devat±nubh±vena kumbh²l±dayo ±gantv± gaºhant± viya upaµµhahanti, tasm± asaccav±dino s²gha½ plavanti, saccav±d²na½ pana na upaµµhahanti, tasm± te sukhena nis²ditu½ sakkonti, eva½ tesampi bhikkh³na½ aparisuddhas²l±na½ devat±nubh±vena s²habyaggh±dayo ±gat± viya paññ±yanti, tasm± te sabbaratti½ sayitu½ v± nis²ditu½ v± na sakkonti. Parisuddhas²l±na½ pana tath± na paññ±yanti, tasm± te sabbaratti½ devat±hi rakkhit± hutv± bhayasant±sarahit± sus±ne sayitu½ v± nis²ditu½ v± sakkonti, eva½ devat± sakkhi½ katv± vinicchitatt± suvinicchitameva hot²ti, tampi tath± na sakk± vattu½. Kasm±? Aµµhakath±µ²k±d²su tath± avuttatt±. Aµµhakath±yañhi “vivitta½ ok±sa½ sammajjitv± div±vih±ra½ nis²ditv± s²l±ni sodhetv± ‘dvatti½s±k±ra½ t±va manasikaroh²’ti vattabbo. Sace tassa aroga½ s²la½ kammaµµh±na½ ghaµayati, saªkh±r± p±kaµ± hutv± upaµµhahanti, upac±rappan±ppatta½ viya citta½ ekagga½ hoti, divasa½ atikkantampi na j±n±ti…pe… yassa pana s²la½ bhinna½ hoti, tassa kammaµµh±na½ na ghaµayati, patod±bhitunna½ viya citta½ kampati, vippaµis±raggin± ¹ayhati, tattap±s±ºe nisinno viya taªkhaºaññeva vuµµh±t²”ti ettakameva vutta½.

ݲk±yampi (s±rattha. µ². 2.45) “kammaµµh±na½ ghaµayat²ti antarantar± khaº¹a½ adassetv± cittena saddhi½ ±rammaºabh±vena cirak±la½ ghaµayati. Saªkh±r± p±kaµ± upaµµhahant²ti vipassan±kammaµµh±niko ce, tassa saªkh±r± p±kaµ± hutv± upaµµhahanti. Sace katap±r±jikav²tikkamo bhaveyya, tassa satipi asarituk±mat±ya vippaµis±ravatthuvasena punappuna½ ta½ upaµµhahat²ti cittekaggata½ na vindat²”ti ettakameva vutta½.

Vimativinodaniyampi (vi. vi. µ². 1.45) “kammaµµh±na½ ghaµayat²ti vippaµis±ram³lakena vikkhepena antarantar± khaº¹a½ adassetv± pabandhavasena cittena saªghaµayati. Saªkh±r±ti vipassan±kammaµµh±navasena vutta½. S±pattikassa hi paguºampi kammaµµh±na½ na suµµhu upaµµh±ti. Pageva p±r±jikassa. Tassa hi vippaµis±raninnat±ya citta½ ekagga½ na hoti. Ekassa pana vitakkavikkhep±dibahulassa suddhas²lassapi citta½ na sam±dhiyati, ta½ idha p±r±jikam³lanti na gahetabba½. Katap±pam³lakena vippaµis±renevettha cittassa asam±dhiyana½ sandh±ya ‘kammaµµh±na½ na ghaµayat²’ti-±di vuttan”ti ettakameva vutta½, na vutta½ “devat±nubh±ven±”ti-±di, tasm± yadi buddhas±sane sag±ravo sikkh±k±mo bhikkhu dutiyatatiyap±r±jikavisaye attano kañci v²tikkama½ disv± “p±r±jika½ ±panno nu kho aha½, na nu kho”ti sa½sayapakkhando vinayadhara½ upasaªkamitv± ta½ v²tikkama½ yath±bh³ta½ ±cikkhitv± puccheyya, tato vinayadharena aµµhakath±ya½ vuttanayeneva “sabba½ pubbavidh±na½ katv± vivitta½ ok±sa½ sammajjitv± div±vih±ra½ nis²ditv± s²l±ni sodhetv± dvatti½s±k±re t±va manasikaroh²”ti ettakameva vattabbo na vattabbo “sus±ne seyya½ kappeh²”ti-±di. ¾gatak±lepi aµµhakath±ya½ ±gatanayeneva pucchitv± aµµhakath±ya½ ±gatanayenevassa suddh±suddhabh±vo vattabboti daµµhabba½.

Eva½ hotu, eva½ sante id±ni paµhamap±r±jikavisaye codent±na½ katha½ vinicchayo k±tabboti? Codakena vatthusmi½ ±rocite cuditako pucchitabbo “santameta½, no”ti eva½ vatthu½ upaparikkhitv± bh³tena vatthun± codetv± s±retv± ñattisampad±ya anuss±vanasampad±ya ta½ adhikaraºa½ v³pasametabba½. Evampi alajj² n±ma “etampi natthi, etampi natth²”ti vadeyya, paµiñña½ na dadeyya, atha ki½ k±tabbanti? Evampi alajjissa paµiññ±ya eva ±pattiy± k±retabba½ yath± ta½ tipiµakac³¼±bhayattheren±ti. Vuttañheta½ aµµhakath±ya½ (p±r±. aµµha. 2.385-386) “eva½ lajjin± codiyam±no alajj² bah³supi vatth³su uppannesu paµiñña½ na deti, so ‘neva suddho’ti vattabbo, na ‘asuddho’ti, j²vamatako n±ma ±makap³tiko n±ma cesa. Sace panassa aññampi t±disa½ vatthu uppajjati, na vinicchitabba½, tath± n±sitakova bhavissat²”ti-±di.

235. Eva½ vinayadharalakkhaºañca chaµµh±na-olokanañca viditv± id±ni…pe… vinicchayo veditabboti yojan±. Kimatthanti ±ha “y± s±…pe… j±nanatthan”ti. Y± s± pubbe vuttappabhed± codan± atthi, tass±yeva sampattivipattij±nanattha½ ±dimajjhapa-ayos±n±d²na½ vasena vinicchayo veditabbo, na avuttacodan±pabhedaj±nanatthanti attho. Seyyathidanti pucchanatthe nip±to, so vinicchayo katamoti attho.

Codan±ya kati m³l±ni, kati vatth³ni, kati bh³miyoti ettha “katih±k±reh²”tipi vattabba½. Vuttañheta½ pariv±re (pari. 362) codan±kaº¹e “codan±ya kati m³l±ni, kati vatth³ni, kati bh³miyo, katih±k±rehi codet²”ti. Mettacitto vakkh±mi, no dosantaroti etassapi parato “codan±ya im± pañca bh³miyo. Katamehi dv²h±k±rehi codeti, k±yena v± codeti, v±c±ya v± codeti, imehi dv²h±k±rehi codet²”ti vattabba½. Kasm±? Codan±kaº¹e (pari. 362) tath± vijjam±natoti. Pannarasasu dhammesu patiµµh±tabbanti parisuddhak±yasam±c±rat±, parisuddhavac²sam±c±rat±, mettacitte paccupaµµhitat±, bahussutat±, ubhayap±timokkhasv±gatat±, k±lena vacanat±, bh³tena vacanat±, saºhena vacanat±, atthasañhitena vacanat±, mettacitto hutv± vacanat±, k±ruññat±, hitesit±, anukampat±, ±pattivuµµh±nat±, vinayapurekkh±rat±ti. Vuttañheta½ up±lipañcake (pari. 436) “codakenup±li bhikkhun± para½ codetuk±mena eva½ paccavekkhitabba½– parisuddhak±yasam±c±ro nu khomhi…pe… parisuddhavac²sam±c±ro nu khomhi…pe… metta½ nu kho me citta½ paccupaµµhita½ sabrahmac±r²su…pe… bahussuto nu khomhi sutadharo sutasannicayo…pe… ubhay±ni kho me p±timokkh±ni vitth±rena sv±gat±ni…pe… k±lena vakkh±mi, no ak±lena, bh³tena vakkh±mi, no abh³tena, saºhena vakkh±mi, no pharusena, atthasañhitena vakkh±mi, no anatthasañhitena, mettacitto vakkh±mi, no dosantaro…pe… k±ruññat±, hitesit±, anukampat±, ±pattivuµµh±nat±, vinayapurekkh±rat±”ti.

Tattha k±ruññat±ti k±ruºikabh±vo. Imin± karuº± ca karuº±pubbabh±go ca dassito Hitesit±ti hitagavesanat± Anukampat±ti tena hitena sa½yojanat±. ¾pattivuµµh±nat±ti ±pattito vuµµh±petv± suddhante patiµµh±panat±. Vatthu½ codetv± s±retv± paµiñña½ ±ropetv± yath±paµiññ±ya kammakaraºa½ vinayapurekkh±rat± n±ma. Am³lakampi sam³lakampi “m³lan”ti gahetv± vadant²ti ±ha “dve m³l±n²”ti. K±lena vakkh±m²ti-±d²su eko eka½ ok±sa½ k±retv± codento k±lena vadati n±ma. Saªghamajjhe gaºamajjhe sal±kaggay±gu-aggavitakkam±¼akabhikkh±c±ramagga-±sanas±l±d²su, upaµµh±kehi pariv±ritakkhaºe v± codento ak±lena vadati n±ma. Tacchena vatthun± codento bh³tena vadati n±ma. Tucchena codento abh³tena vadati n±ma. “Ambho mahallaka paris±vacara pa½suk³lika dhammakathika patir³pa½ tava idan”ti vadanto pharusena vadati n±ma. “Bhante, mahallak± paris±vacar± pa½suk³lik± dhammakathik± patir³pa½ tumh±ka½ idan”ti vadanto saºhena vadati n±ma. K±raºanissita½ katv± vadanto atthasañhitena vadati n±ma. Mettacitto vakkh±mi, no dosantaroti mettacitta½ upaµµh±petv± vakkh±mi, na duµµhacitto hutv±. Sacce ca akuppe c±ti vac²sacce ca akuppat±ya ca. Cuditakena hi saccañca vattabba½, kopo ca na k±tabbo, attan± ca na kucchitabba½, paro ca na ghaµµetabboti attho.

Imasmi½ µh±ne “saªghena otiºº±notiººa½ j±nitabba½– anuvijjakena yena dhammena yena vinayena yena satthus±sanena ta½ adhikaraºa½ v³pasammati, tath± ta½ adhikaraºa½ v³pasametabban”ti vattabba½. Vuttañheta½ codan±kaº¹e (pari. 363) “codakena katha½ paµipajjitabba½? Cuditakena katha½ paµipajjitabba½? Saªghena katha½ paµipajjitabba½? Anuvijjakena katha½ paµipajjitabba½? Codakena katha½ paµipajjitabbanti? Codakena pañcasu dhammesu patiµµh±ya paro codetabbo. K±lena vakkh±mi no ak±lena, bh³tena vakkh±mi no abh³tena, saºhena vakkh±mi no pharusena, atthasañhitena vakkh±mi no anatthasañhitena, mettacitto vakkh±mi no dosantaroti. Codakena eva½ paµipajjitabba½. Cuditakena katha½ paµipajjitabbanti? Cuditakena dv²su dhammesu patiµµh±tabba½ sacce ca akuppe ca. Cuditakena eva½ paµipajjitabba½. Saªghena katha½ paµipajjitabbanti? Saªghena otiºº±notiººa½ j±nitabba½. Saªghena eva½ paµipajjitabba½. Anuvijjakena katha½ paµipajjitabbanti? Anuvijjakena yena dhammena yena vinayena yena satthus±sanena ta½ adhikaraºa½ v³pasammati, tath± ta½ adhikaraºa½ v³pasametabba½. Anuvijjakena eva½ paµipajjitabban”ti.

Aµµhakath±yampi (pari. aµµha. 362-363) “codan±ya ko ±d²ti-±dipucch±na½ vissajjane sacce akuppe c±ti ettha sacce patiµµh±tabba½ akuppe ca, ya½ kata½ v± akata½ v±, tadeva vattabba½, na codake v± anuvijjake v± saªghe v± kopo upp±detabbo. Otiºº±notiººa½ j±nitabbanti otiººañca anotiººañca vacana½ j±nitabba½. Tatr±ya½ j±nanavidhi– ettak± codakassa pubbakath±, ettak± pacchimakath±, ettak± cuditakassa pubbakath±, ettak± pacchimakath±ti j±nitabb±. Codakassa pam±ºa½ gaºhitabba½, cuditakassa pam±ºa½ gaºhitabba½, anuvijjakassa pam±ºa½ gaºhitabba½. Anuvijjako appamattakampi ah±pento ‘±vuso, samann±haritv± uju½ katv± ±har±’ti vattabbo, saªghena eva½ paµipajjitabba½. Yena dhammena yena vinayena yena satthus±sanena ta½ adhikaraºa½ v³pasammat²ti ettha dhammoti bh³ta½ vatthu. Vinayoti codan± ceva s±raº± ca. Satthus±sananti ñattisampad± ceva anuss±vanasampad± ca. Etena hi dhammena ca vinayena ca satthus±sanena ca adhikaraºa½ v³pasammati, tasm± anuvijjakena bh³tena vatthun± codetv± ±patti½ s±retv± ñattisampad±ya ceva anuss±vanasampad±ya ca ta½ adhikaraºa½ v³pasametabba½, anuvijjakena eva½ paµipajjitabban”ti ±gata½, tasm± vattabbamettaka½ dvayanti.

Eva½ ekadesena codan±kaº¹anaya½ dassetv± id±ni ekadeseneva mah±saªg±manaya½ dassento “anuvijjakena codako pucchitabbo”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha ya½ kho tva½, ±vuso, ima½ bhikkhu½ codesi, kimhi na½ codes²ti codan±s±maññato vutta½, p±¼iya½ (mah±va. 237) pana pav±raºaµµhapanavasena codana½ sandh±ya “ya½ kho tva½, ±vuso, imassa bhikkhuno pav±raºa½ µhapes²”ti vutta½. Sesa½ suviññeyyameva.

Eva½ ekadesena mah±saªg±manaya½ dassetv± id±ni ekadeseneva c³¼asaªg±manaya½ dassetu½ “saªg±m±vacarena bhikkhun±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha saªg±m±vacarena bhikkhun±ti saªg±mo vuccati adhikaraºavinicchayatth±ya saªghasannip±to. Tatra hi attapaccatthik± ceva s±sanapaccatthik± ca uddhamma½ ubbinaya½ satthus±sana½ d²pent± samosaranti ves±lik± vajjiputtak± viya. Yo bhikkhu tesa½ paccatthik±na½ laddhi½ madditv± sakav±dad²panatth±ya tattha avacarati, ajjhog±hetv± vinicchaya½ pavatteti, so saªg±m±vacaro n±ma yasatthero viya, tena saªg±m±vacarena bhikkhun± saªgha½ upasaªkamantena n²cacittena saªgho upasaªkamitabbo. N²cacitten±ti m±naddhaja½ nip±tetv± nihatam±nacittena Rajoharaºasamen±ti p±dapuñchanasamena, yath± rajoharaºassa sa½kiliµµhe v± asa½kiliµµhe v± p±de puñchiyam±ne neva r±go na doso, eva½ iµµh±niµµhesu arajjantena adussanten±ti attho. Yath±patir³pe ±saneti yath±patir³pa½ ±sana½ ñatv± attano p±puºanaµµh±ne ther±na½ bhikkh³na½ piµµhi½ adassetv± nis²ditabba½.

An±n±kathiken±ti n±n±vidha½ ta½ ta½ anatthakatha½ akathentena. Atiracch±nakathiken±ti diµµhasutamutampi r±jakath±dika½ tiracch±nakatha½ akathentena. S±ma½ v± dhammo bh±sitabboti saªghasannip±taµµh±ne kappiy±kappiyasannissit± v± r³p±r³paparicchedasamathac±ravipassan±c±raµµh±nanisajjavatt±dinissit± v± kath± dhammo n±ma. Evar³po dhammo saya½ v± bh±sitabbo, paro v± ajjhesitabbo. Yo bhikkhu tath±r³pi½ katha½ kathetu½ pahoti, so vattabbo “±vuso, saªghamajjhamhi pañhe uppanne tva½ katheyy±s²”ti. Ariyo v± tuºh²bh±vo n±timaññitabboti ariy± tuºh² nis²dant± na b±laputhujjan± viya nis²danti, aññatara½ kammaµµh±na½ gahetv±va nis²danti. Iti kammaµµh±namanasik±ravasena tuºh²bh±vo ariyo tuºh²bh±vo n±ma, so n±timaññitabbo, “ki½ kammaµµh±n±nuyogen±”ti n±vaj±nitabbo, attano patir³pa½ kammaµµh±na½ gahetv±va nis²ditabbanti attho.

Na upajjh±yo pucchitabboti “ko n±ma tuyha½ upajjh±yo”ti na pucchitabbo. Esa nayo sabbattha. Na j±t²ti “khattiyaj±tiyo tva½ br±hmaºaj±tiyo”ti eva½ j±ti na pucchitabb±. Na ±gamoti “d²ghabh±ºako tva½ majjhimabh±ºako”ti eva½ ±gamo na pucchitabbo. Kulapadesopi khattiyakul±divaseneva veditabbo. Atrassa pema½ v± doso v±ti tatra puggale etesa½ k±raº±na½ aññataravasena pema½ v± bhaveyya doso v±.

No parisakappiken±ti parisakappakena paris±nuvidh±yakena na bhavitabba½, ya½ paris±ya ruccati, tadeva cetetv± kappetv± na kathetabbanti attho. Na hatthamudd± dassetabb±ti kathetabbe ca akathetabbe ca saññ±jananattha½ hatthavik±ro na k±tabbo.

Attha½ anuvidhiyanten±ti vinicchayapaµivedhameva sallakkhentena, “ida½ sutta½ upalabbhati, imasmi½ vinicchaye ida½ vakkh±m²”ti eva½ paritulayantena nis²ditabbanti attho. Na ca ±san± vuµµh±tabbanti na ±san± vuµµh±ya sannip±tamaº¹ale vicaritabba½. Vinayadhare hi uµµhite sabb± paris± vuµµhahanti, tasm± na vuµµh±tabba½. Na v²tih±tabbanti na vinicchayo h±petabbo. Na kummaggo sevitabboti na ±patti d²petabb±. As±hasikena bhavitabbanti na sahas± k±rin± bhavitabba½, na sahas± duruttavacana½ kathetabbanti attho. Vacanakkhamen±ti duruttav±ca½ khamanas²lena. Hitaparisakkin±ti hitesin± hitagavesin± karuº± ca karuº±pubbabh±go ca upaµµh±petabboti aya½ padadvayepi adhipp±yo. Anasurutten±ti na asuruttena, asurutta½ vuccati vigg±hikakath±saªkh±ta½ asundaravacana½, ta½ na kathetabbanti attho. Att± pariggahetabboti “vinicchinitu½ v³pasametu½ sakkhiss±mi nu kho, no”ti eva½ att± pariggahetabbo, attano pam±ºa½ j±nitabbanti attho. Paro pariggahetabboti “lajjiy± nu kho aya½ paris± sakk± saññ±petu½, ud±hu no”ti eva½ paro pariggahetabbo. Codako pariggahetabboti “dhammacodako nu kho, no”ti eva½ pariggahetabbo. Cuditako pariggahetabboti “dhammacuditako nu kho, no”ti eva½ pariggahetabbo. Adhammacodako pariggahetabboti tassa pam±ºa½ j±nitabba½. Sesesupi eseva nayo.

Vutta½ ah±penten±ti codakacuditakehi vuttavacana½ ah±pentena. Avutta½ apak±senten±ti anosaµa½ vatthu½ apak±sentena. Mando h±setabboti mando mom³¼ho paggaºhitabbo, “nanu tva½ kulaputto”ti uttejetv± anuyogavatta½ kath±petv± tassa anuyogo gaºhitabbo. Bh²ru ass±setabboti yassa saªghamajjha½ v± gaºamajjha½ v± anosaµapubbatt± s±rajja½ uppajjati, t±diso “m± bh±yi, vissattho kathay±hi, maya½ te upatthambh± bhaviss±m±”ti vatv±pi anuyogavatta½ kath±petabbo. Caº¹o nisedhetabboti apas±retabbo tajjetabbo. Asuci vibh±vetabboti alajji½ pak±setv± ±patti½ des±petabbo. Ujumaddaven±ti yo bhikkhu uju s²lav± k±yavaªk±dirahito, so maddaveneva upacaritabbo. Dhammesu ca puggalesu c±ti ettha yo dhammagaruko hoti, na puggalagaruko, ayameva dhammesu ca puggalesu ca majjhattoti veditabbo. Sesa½ suviññeyyameva.

Iti vinayasaªgahasa½vaººan±bh³te vinay±laªk±re

Codan±divinicchayakath±laªk±ro n±ma

Ekati½satimo paricchedo.