30. Garubhaº¹avinicchayakath±

227. Garubhaº¹±n²ti ettha “pañcim±ni, bhikkhave, avissajjiy±ni na vissajjetabb±nisaªghena v± gaºena v± puggalena v±, vissajjit±nipi avissajjit±ni honti, yo vissajjeyya,±patti thullaccayass±”ti-±din± (c³¼ava. 321) nayena dassit±ni ±r±mo ±r±mavatthu,vih±ro vih±ravatthu, mañco p²µha½ bhisi bimbohana½, lohakumbh² lohabh±ºaka½lohav±rako lohakaµ±ha½ v±si pharasu kuµh±r² kud±lo nikh±dana½, valli ve¼umuñja½ pabbaja½ tiºa½ mattik± d±rubhaº¹a½ mattik±bhaº¹anti im±ni pañca garubhaº¹±nin±ma.
Tattha (c³¼ava. aµµha. 321) ±r±mo n±ma pupph±r±mo v± phal±r±mo v±. ¾r±mavatthun±ma tesa½yeva ±r±m±na½ atth±ya paricchinditv± µhapitok±so, tesu v± ±r±mesuvinaµµhesu tesa½ por±ºakabh³mibh±go. Vih±ro n±ma ya½ kiñci p±s±d±disen±sana½. Vih±ravatthu n±ma tassa patiµµh±nok±so. Mañco n±ma mas±rakobundik±baddho ku¼²rap±dako ±haccap±dakoti imesa½ catunna½ mañc±na½ aññataro.P²µha½ n±ma mas±rak±d²na½yeva catunna½ p²µh±na½ aññatara½. Bhisi n±ma uººabhisi-±d²na½pañcanna½ aññatar±. Bimbohana½ n±ma rukkhat³lalat±t³lapoµak²t³l±na½ aññatara½.Lohakumbh² n±ma k±¼alohena v± tambalohena v± yena kenaci lohena katakumbh².Lohabh±ºak±d²supi eseva nayo. Ettha pana bh±ºakanti arañjaro vuccati. V±rakotighaµo. Kaµ±ha½ kaµ±hameva. V±si±d²su valli±d²su ca duviññeyya½n±ma natthi. Pañc±ti ca r±sivasena vutta½, sar³pavasena panet±ni pañcav²satividh±nihonti. Vuttañheta½–
“Dvisaªgah±ni dve honti, tatiya½ catusaªgaha½;
catuttha½ navakoµµh±sa½, pañcama½ aµµhabhedana½.
“Iti pañcahi r±s²hi, pañcanimmalalocano;
pañcav²savidha½ n±tho, garubhaº¹a½ pak±say²”ti.
Tatr±ya½ vinicchayakath±– idañhi sabbampi garubhaº¹a½ sen±sanakkhandhake “avissajjiyan”tivutta½, k²µ±girivatthusmi½ “avebhaªgiyan”ti dassita½, pariv±re pana–
“Avissajjiya½ avebhaªgiya½,
pañca vutt± mahesin±;
vissajjentassa paribhuñjantassa an±patti,
pañh±mes± kusalehi cintit±”ti. (Pari. 479)–

¾gata½. Tasm± m³lacchejjavasena avissajjiyañca avebhaªgiyañca, parivattanavasena pana vissajjentassaparibhuñjantassa ca an±patt²ti evamettha adhipp±yo veditabbo.

228. Tatr±ya½ anupubbikath±– ida½ t±va pañcavidhampi c²varapiº¹ap±tabhesajjatth±ya upanetu½na vaµµati, th±varena ca th±vara½, garubhaº¹ena ca garubhaº¹a½ parivattetu½ vaµµati. Th±varepana khetta½ vatthu ta¼±ka½ m±tik±ti evar³pa½ bhikkhusaªghassa vic±retu½v± sampaµicchitu½ v± adhiv±setu½ v± na vaµµati, kappiyak±rakeheva vic±ritatokappiyabhaº¹a½ vaµµati. ¾r±mena pana ±r±ma½ ±r±mavatthu½ vih±ra½ vih±ravatthuntiim±ni catt±ripi parivattetu½ vaµµati.
Tatr±ya½ parivattananayo– saªghassa n±¼iker±r±mo d³re hoti, kappiyak±rak± bahutara½kh±danti, yampi na kh±danti, tato sakaµavetana½ datv± appameva ±haranti, aññesa½pana tassa ±r±massa avid³re g±mav±s²na½ manuss±na½ vih±rassa sam²pe ±r±mo hoti,te saªgha½ upasaªkamitv± sakena ±r±mena ta½ ±r±ma½ y±canti, saªghena “ruccati saªghass±”tiapaloketv± sampaµicchitabbo. Sacepi bhikkh³na½ rukkhasahassa½ hoti, manuss±na½ pañcasat±ni, “tumh±ka½ ±r±mo khuddako”ti na vattabba½. Kiñc±pi hi aya½ khuddako,atha kho itarato bahutara½ ±ya½ deti. Sacepi samakameva deti, evampi icchiticchitakkhaºeparibhuñjitu½ sakk±ti gahetabbameva. Sace pana manuss±na½ bahutar± rukkh± honti,“nanu tumh±ka½ bahutar± rukkh±”ti vattabba½. Sace “atireka½ amh±ka½ puñña½hotu, saªghassa dem±”ti vadanti, j±n±petv± sampaµicchitu½ vaµµati. Bhikkh³na½ rukkh±phaladh±rino, manuss±na½ rukkh± na t±va phala½ gaºhanti, kiñc±pi na gaºhanti, “nacirena gaºhissant²”ti sampaµicchitabbameva. Manuss±na½ rukkh± phaladh±rino, bhikkh³na½rukkh± na t±va phala½ gaºhanti, “nanu tumh±ka½ rukkh± phaladh±rino”ti vattabba½.Sace “gaºhatha, bhante, amh±ka½ puñña½ bhavissat²”ti denti, j±n±petv± sampaµicchitu½vaµµati. Eva½ ±r±mena ±r±mo parivattetabbo. Eteneva nayena ±r±mavatthupi vih±ropivih±ravatthupi ±r±mena parivattetabba½, ±r±mavatthun± ca mahantena v± khuddakena v± ±r±ma-±r±mavatthuvih±ravih±ravatth³ni.
Katha½ vih±rena vih±ro parivattetabbo? Saªghassa antog±me geha½ hoti, manuss±na½ vih±ramajjhep±s±do hoti, ubhopi agghena samak±, sace manuss± tena p±s±dena ta½ geha½ y±canti,sampaµicchitu½ vaµµati. Bhikkh³na½ ce mahagghatara½ geha½ hoti, “mahagghatara½ amh±ka½gehan”ti vutte ca “kiñc±pi mahagghatara½ pabbajit±na½ as±ruppa½, na akk± tattha pabbajitehi vasitu½, ida½ pana s±ruppa½, gaºhath±”ti vadanti, evampi sampaµicchitu½vaµµati. Sace pana manuss±na½ mahaggha½ hoti, “nanu tumh±ka½ geha½ mahagghan”ti vattabba½.“Hotu, bhante, amh±ka½ puñña½ bhavissati, gaºhath±”ti vutte pana sampaµicchitu½ vaµµati.Evampi vih±rena vih±ro parivattetabbo. Eteneva nayena vih±ravatthupi ±r±mopi±r±mavatthupi vih±rena parivattetabba½, vih±ravatthun± ca mahagghena v± appagghena v±vih±ravih±ravatthu-±r±ma-±r±mavatth³ni. Eva½ th±varena th±varaparivattana½ veditabba½.
Garubhaº¹ena garubhaº¹aparivattane pana mañcap²µha½ mahanta½ v± hotu khuddaka½ v±, antamasocaturaªgulap±daka½ g±mad±rakehi pa½sv±g±rakesu k²¼antehi katampi saªghassa dinnak±latopaµµh±ya garubhaº¹a½ hoti. Sacepi r±jar±jamah±matt±dayo ekappah±reneva mañcasata½ v± mañcasahassa½v± denti, sabbe kappiyamañc± sampaµicchitabb±, sampaµicchitv± “vu¹¹hapaµip±µiy± saªghikaparibhogenaparibhuñjath±”ti d±tabb±, puggalikavasena na d±tabb±. Atirekamañce bhaº¹±g±r±d²supaññapetv± pattac²vara½ nikkhipitumpi vaµµati. Bahis²m±ya “saªghassa dem±”ti dinnamañcosaªghattherassa vasanaµµh±ne d±tabbo. Tattha ce bah³ mañc± honti, mañcena kamma½ natthi.Yassa vasanaµµh±ne kamma½ atthi, tattha “saªghikaparibhogena paribhuñjath±”ti d±tabbo.Mahagghena satagghanakena v± sahassagghanakena v± mañcena añña½ mañcasata½ labhati, parivattetv±gahetabba½. Na kevala½ mañcena mañcoyeva, ±r±ma-±r±mavatthuvih±ravih±ravatthup²µhabhisibimbohan±nipiparivattetu½ vaµµanti. Esa nayo p²µhabhisibimbohanesupi. Etesu pana akappiya½ naparibhuñjitabba½, kappiya½ saªghikaparibhogena paribhuñjitabba½. Akappiya½ v± mahaggha½kappiya½ v± parivattetv± vuttavatth³ni gahetabb±ni. Agarubhaº¹upaga½ pana bhisibimbohana½n±ma natthi.
229. Lohakumbh² lohabh±ºaka½ lohakaµ±hanti im±ni t²ºi mahant±ni v±hontu khuddak±ni v±, antamaso pasatamatta-udakagaºhanak±nipi garubhaº¹±niyeva. Lohav±rakopana k±¼alohatambalohavaµµalohaka½saloh±na½ yena kenaci kato s²ha¼ad²pe p±dagaºhanakobh±jetabbo. P±do ca n±ma magadhan±¼iy± pañcan±¼imatta½ gaºh±ti tatoatirekagaºhanako garubhaº¹a½. Im±ni t±va p±¼iya½ ±gat±ni lohabh±jan±ni. P±¼iya½pana an±gat±ni bhiªg±rapaµiggaha-u¼a-uªkadabbikaµacchup±titaµµakasarakasamugga-aªg±rakapalladh³makaµacchu-±d²nikhuddak±ni v± mahant±ni v± sabb±ni garubhaº¹±ni. Patto ayath±laka½ tambalohath±lakantiim±ni pana bh±jan²y±ni. Ka½salohavaµµalohabh±janavikati saªghikaparibhogena v± gihivikaµ±v± vaµµati, puggalikaparibhogena na vaµµati. Ka½saloh±dibh±jana½ saªghassa dinnampi hip±rih±riya½ na vaµµati, gihivikaµan²h±reneva paribhuñjitabbanti mah±paccariya½ vutta½.
Ýhapetv± pana bh±janavikati½ aññasmimpi kappiyalohabhaº¹e añjan² añjanisal±k± kaººamalaharaº²s³ci paººas³ci khuddako pipphalako khuddaka½ ±rakaºµaka½ kuñcik± t±¼a½ kattarayaµµhivedhako natthud±na½ bhiº¹iv±lo lohak³µo lohakutti lohagu¼o lohapiº¹i lohacakkalika½aññampi vippakatalohabhaº¹a½ bh±jan²ya½. Dh³manettaph±lad²parukkhad²pakapallaka-olambakad²pa-itthipurisatiracch±nagatar³pak±nipana aññ±ni v± bhitticchadanakav±µ±d²su upanetabb±ni antamaso lohakhilaka½ up±d±yasabb±ni lohabhaº¹±ni garubhaº¹±niyeva honti, attan± laddh±nipi pariharitv± puggalikaparibhogenana paribhuñjitabb±ni, saªghikaparibhogena v± gihivikaµ±ni v± vaµµanti. Tipubhaº¹epieseva nayo. Kh²rap±s±ºamay±ni taµµakasarak±d²ni garubhaº¹±niyeva.
Ghaµako pana telabh±jana½ v± p±dagaºhanakato atirekameva garubhaº¹a½. Suvaººarajatah±rak³µaj±tiphalikabh±jan±nigihivikaµ±nipi na vaµµanti, pageva saªghikaparibhogena v± puggalikaparibhogena v±.Sen±sanaparibhoge pana ±m±sampi an±m±sampi sabba½ vaµµati.
V±si±d²su y±ya v±siy± µhapetv± dantakaµµhacchedana½ v± ucchutacchana½ v± añña½ mah±kamma½k±tu½ na sakk±, aya½ bh±jan²y±. Tato mahantatar± yena kenaci ±k±rena kat± v±sigarubhaº¹ameva. Pharasu pana antamaso vejj±na½ sir±vedhanapharasupi garubhaº¹ameva.Kuµh±riya½ pharasusadisoyeva vinicchayo. Y± pana ±vudhasaªkhepena kat±, aya½an±m±s±. Kud±lo antamaso caturaªgulamattopi garubhaº¹ameva. Nikh±dana½ caturassamukha½v± hotu doºimukha½ v± vaªka½ v± ujuka½ v±, antamaso sammuñjan²daº¹akavedhanampidaº¹abaddha½ ce, garubhaº¹ameva. Sammuñjan²daº¹akhaºanaka½ pana adaº¹aka½ phalamattameva. Ya½sakk± sip±µik±ya pakkhipitv± pariharitu½, ta½ bh±jan²ya½. Sikharampi nikh±danenevasaªgahita½. Yehi manussehi vih±re v±si-±d²ni dinn±ni honti, te ce ghareda¹¹he v± corehi v± vilutte “detha no, bhante, upakaraºe, puna p±katike kariss±m±”tivadanti, d±tabb±. Sace ±haranti, na v±retabb±, an±harant±pi na codetabb±.
Kamm±ratacchak±racundak±rana¼ak±ramaºik±rapattabandhak±na½ adhikaraºimuµµhikasaº¹±satul±d²nisabb±ni lohamaya-upakaraº±ni saªghe dinnak±lato paµµh±ya garubhaº¹±ni. Tipukoµµakasuvaººak±racammak±ra-upakaraºesupieseva nayo. Aya½ pana viseso– tipukoµµaka-upakaraºesupi tipucchedanakasatthaka½,suvaººak±ra-upakaraºesu suvaººacchedanakasatthaka½, cammak±ra-upakaraºesu kataparikammacammacchedanakakhuddakasatthakantiim±ni bh±jan²yabhaº¹±ni. Nah±pitatunnak±ra-upakaraºesupi µhapetv± mah±kattari½ mah±saº¹±sa½mah±pipphalikañca sabba½ bh±jan²ya½, mah±kattari-±d²ni garubhaº¹±ni.
Valli±d²su vettavalli-±dik± y± k±ci a¹¹hab±huppam±º± valli saªghassa dinn±v± tatthaj±tak± v± rakkhitagopit± garubhaº¹a½ hoti, s± saªghakamme ca cetiyakamme cakate sace atirek± hoti, puggalikakammepi upanetu½ vaµµati. Arakkhit± pana garubhaº¹amevana hoti. Suttamakaciv±kan±¼ikerah²racammamay± rajjuk± v± yott±ni v± v±keca n±¼ikerah²re ca vaµµetv± kat± ekavaµµ± v± dvivaµµ± v± saªghassa dinnak±lato paµµh±yagarubhaº¹a½. Sutta½ pana avaµµetv± dinna½ makaciv±kan±¼ikerah²r± ca bh±jan²y±. Yehipanet±ni rajjukayott±d²ni dinn±ni honti, te attano karaº²yena harant± na v±retabb±.
Yo koci antamaso aµµhaªgulas³cidaº¹akamattopi ve¼u saªghassa dinno v± tatthaj±takov± rakkhitagopito garubhaº¹a½, sopi saªghakamme ca cetiyakamme ca kate atireko puggalikakammeca d±tu½ vaµµati. P±dagaºhanakatelan±¼i pana kattarayaµµhi up±hanadaº¹ako chattadaº¹akochattasal±k±ti idamettha bh±jan²yabhaº¹a½. Da¹¹hagehamanuss± gaºhitv± gacchant±na v±retabb±. Rakkhitagopita½ ve¼u½ gaºhantena samaka½ v± atireka½ v± th±vara½ antamasota½agghanakavallik±yapi ph±tikamma½ katv± gahetabbo, ph±tikamma½ akatv± gaºhantenatattheva va¼añjetabbo. Gamanak±le saªghike ±v±se µhapetv± gantabba½, asatiy± gahetv±gatena pahiºitv± d±tabbo. Desantaragatena sampattavih±ro saªghik±v±se µhapetabbo.
Tiºanti muñjañca pabbajañca µhapetv± avasesa½ ya½ kiñci tiºa½. Yattha pana tiºa½ natthi,tattha paººehi ch±denti, tasm± paººampi tiºeneva saªgahita½. Iti muñj±d²su ya½ kiñcimuµµhippam±ºa½ tiºa½ t±lapaºº±d²su ca ekapaººampi saªghassa dinna½ v± tatthaj±taka½ v±bah±r±me saªghassa tiºavatthuto j±tatiºa½ v± rakkhitagopita½ garubhaº¹a½ hoti, tampi saªghakammeca cetiyakamme ca kate atireka½ puggalikakamme d±tu½ vaµµati, da¹¹hagehamanuss±gahetv± gacchant± na v±retabb±. Aµµhaªgulappam±ºopi rittapotthako garubhaº¹ameva.
Mattik± pakatimattik± v± hotu pañcavaºº± v± sudh± v± sajjurasakaªguµµhasiles±d²suv± ya½ kiñci dullabhaµµh±ne ±netv± dinna½ tatthaj±taka½ v±, rakkhitagopita½ t±laphalapakkamatta½garubhaº¹a½ hoti, tampi saªghakamme ca cetiyakamme ca niµµhite atireka½ puggalikakammeca d±tu½ vaµµati, hiªguhiªgulakaharit±lamanosilañjan±ni pana bh±jan²yabhaº¹±ni.
D±rubhaº¹e “yo koci aµµhaªgulas³cidaº¹amattopi d±rubhaº¹ako d±rudullabhaµµh±ne saªghassadinno v± tatthaj±tako v± rakkhitagopito, aya½ garubhaº¹a½ hot²”ti kurundiya½vutta½. Mah±-aµµhakath±ya½ pana sabbampi d±ruve¼ucammap±s±º±divikati½ d±rubhaº¹enasaªgaºhitv± ±sandikato paµµh±ya d±rubhaº¹e vinicchayo vutto. Tatr±ya½ nayo– ±sandikosattaªgo bhaddap²µha½ p²µhik± ekap±dakap²µha½ ±maº¹akavaºµakap²µha½ phalaka½ koccha½pal±lap²µhanti imesu t±va ya½ kiñci khuddaka½ v± hotu mahanta½ v±, saªghassa dinna½garubhaº¹a½ hoti. Pal±lap²µhena cettha kadalipatt±dip²µh±nipi saªgahit±ni. Byagghacamma-onaddhampiv±¼ar³paparikkhitta½ ratanaparisibbita½ koccha½ garubhaº¹ameva, vaªkaphalaka½ d²ghaphalaka½c²varadhovanaphalaka½ ghaµµanaphalaka½ ghaµµanamuggaro dantakaµµhacchedanagaºµhik± daº¹amuggaroambaºa½ rajanadoºi udakapaµicchako d±rumayo v± dantamayo v± ve¼umayo v± sap±dakopiap±dakopi samuggo mañj³s± p±dagaºhanakato atirekappam±ºo karaº¹o udakadoºiudakakaµ±ha½ u¼uªko kaµacchu p±n²yasar±va½ p±n²yasaªkhoti etesupi ya½ kiñcisaªghe dinna½ garubhaº¹a½. Saªkhath±laka½ pana bh±jan²ya½, tath± d±rumayo udakatumbo.
P±dakathalikamaº¹ala½ d±rumaya½ v± hotu co¼apaºº±dimaya½ v±, sabba½ garubhaº¹a½. ¾dh±rakopattapidh±na½ t±lavaºµa½ b²jan² caªkoµaka½ pacchi yaµµhisammuñjan² muµµhisammuñjan²tietesupi ya½ kiñci khuddaka½ v± hotu mahanta½ v±, d±ruve¼upaººacamm±d²su yenakenaci kata½ garubhaº¹ameva. Thambhatul±sop±naphalak±d²su d±rumaya½ v± p±s±ºamaya½ v±ya½ kiñci gehasambh±rar³pa½ yo koci kaµas±rako ya½ kiñci bh³mattharaºa½ ya½ kiñciakappiyacamma½, sabba½ saªghe dinna½ garubhaº¹a½, bh³mattharaºa½ k±tu½ vaµµati. E¼akacamma½pana paccattharaºagatika½ hoti, tampi garubhaº¹ameva. Kappiyacamm±ni bh±jan²y±ni. Kurundiya½pana “sabba½ mañcappam±ºa½ camma½ garubhaº¹an”ti vutta½.
Udukkhala½ musala½ suppa½ nisada½ nisadapoto p±s±ºadoºi p±s±ºakaµ±ha½ turivemabhast±disabba½ pesak±r±dibhaº¹a½ sabba½ kasibhaº¹a½ sabba½ cakkayuttaka½ y±na½ garubhaº¹ameva.Mañcap±do mañca-aµan² p²µhap±do p²µha-aµan² v±sipharasu-±d²na½ daº¹±ti etesu ya½ kiñcivippakatatacchanakamma½ aniµµhitameva bh±jan²ya½, tacchitamaµµha½ pana garubhaº¹a½ hoti. Anuññ±tav±siy±pana daº¹o chattamuµµhipaººa½ kattarayaµµhi up±han± araºisahita½ dhammakaraºo p±dagaºhanakatoanatiritta½ ±malakatumba½ ±malakaghaµo l±bukatumba½ l±bughaµo vis±ºakatumbantisabbameveta½ bh±jan²ya½, tato mahantatara½ garubhaº¹a½. Hatthidanto v± ya½ kiñci vis±ºa½v± atacchita½ yath±gatameva bh±jan²ya½. Tehi katamañcap±d±d²su purimasadisoyeva vinicchayo.Tacchitaniµµhitopi hiªgukaraº¹ako gaºµhik± vidho añjan² añjan²sal±k± udakapuñchan²tiida½ sabba½ bh±jan²yameva.
Mattik±bhaº¹e sabba½ manuss±na½ upabhogaparibhoga½ ghaµap²µhar±dikul±labh±jana½ pattakaµ±ha½aªg±rakaµ±ha½ dh³mad±na½ d²parukkhako d²pakapallik± cayaniµµhak± chadaniµµhak±th³pik±ti saªghassa dinnak±lato paµµh±ya garubhaº¹a½, p±dagaºhanakato anatirittappam±ºo panaghaµako patta½ th±laka½ kañcanako kuº¹ik±ti idamettha bh±jan²yabhaº¹a½. Yath± camattik±bhaº¹e, eva½ lohabhaº¹epi kuº¹ik± bh±jan²yakoµµh±sameva bhajat²ti ayametthaanupubbikath±.

Iti p±¼imuttakavinayavinicchayasaªgahe

Garubhaº¹avinicchayakath± samatt±.