29. Kathinatth±ravinicchayakath±

226. Kathinanti ettha (mah±va. aµµha. 306) pana kathina½ attharitu½ ke labhanti,ke na labhanti? Gaºanavasena t±va pacchimakoµiy± pañca jan± labhanti, uddha½ satasahassampi,pañcanna½ heµµh± na labhanti. Vuµµhavassavasena purimik±ya vassa½ upagantv± paµhamapav±raº±yapav±rit± labhanti. Chinnavass± v± pacchimik±ya upagat± v± na labhanti. “Aññasmi½vih±re vuµµhavass±pi na labhant²”ti mah±paccariya½ vutta½. Purimik±ya upagat±na½pana sabbe gaºap³rak± honti, ±nisa½sa½ na labhanti, ±nisa½so itaresa½yeva hoti. Sacepurimik±ya upagat± catt±ro v± honti tayo v± dve v± eko v±, itare gaºap³rakekatv± kathina½ attharitabba½. Atha catt±ro bhikkh³ upagat±, eko paripuººavasso s±maºero,so ce pacchimik±ya upasampajjati, gaºap³rako ceva hoti ±nisa½sañca labhati. Tayobhikkh³ dve s±maºer±, dve bhikkh³ tayo s±maºer±, eko bhikkhu catt±ro s±maºer±tietth±pi eseva nayo. Sace purimik±ya upagat± kathinatth±rakusal± na honti, atth±rakusal±khandhakabh±ºakatther± pariyesitv± ±netabb±. Kammav±ca½ s±vetv± kathina½ atthar±petv±d±nañca bhuñjitv± gamissanti, ±nisa½so pana itaresa½yeva hoti.
Kathina½ kena dinna½ vaµµati? Yena kenaci devena v± manussena v± pañcanna½v± sahadhammik±na½ aññatarena dinna½ vaµµati. Kathinad±yakassa vatta½ atthi, sace sota½ aj±nanto pucchati– “bhante, katha½ kathina½ d±tabban”ti, tassa eva½ ±cikkhitabba½“tiººa½ c²var±na½ aññatarappahonaka½ s³riyuggamanasamaye vattha½ ‘kathinac²vara½dem±’ti d±tu½ vaµµati. Tassa parikammattha½ ettak± n±ma s³ciyo, ettaka½ sutta½,ettaka½ rajana½, parikamma½ karont±na½ ettak±na½ bhikkh³na½ y±gubhattañca d±tu½ vaµµat²”ti.
Kathinatth±rakenapi dhammena samena uppanna½ kathina½ attharantena vatta½ j±nitabba½. Tantav±yagehatohi ±bhatasant±neneva khalimakkhitas±µako na vaµµati, mal²nas±µakopi na vaµµati, tasm±kathinatth±ras±µaka½ labhitv± suµµhu dhovitv± s³ci-±d²ni c²varakamm³pakaraº±ni sajjetv±bah³hi bhikkh³hi saddhi½ tadaheva sibbitv± niµµhitas³cikamma½ rajitv± kappabindu½ datv±kathina½ attharitabba½. Sace tasmi½ anatthateyeva añña½ kathinas±µaka½ ±harati, aññ±nica bah³ni kathin±nisa½savatth±ni deti, yo ±nisa½sa½ bahu½ deti, tassa santakenaattharitabba½. Itaro tath± tath± ovaditv± saññ±petabbo.
Kathina½ pana kena attharitabba½? Yassa saªgho kathinac²vara½ deti. Saªghena pana kassa d±tabba½?Yo jiººac²varo hoti. Sace bah³ jiººac²var±, vu¹¹hassa d±tabba½. Vu¹¹hesupi yo mah±parisotadaheva c²vara½ katv± attharitu½ sakkoti, tassa d±tabba½. Sace vu¹¹ho na sakkoti,navakataro sakkoti, tassa d±tabba½. Apica saªghena mah±therassa saªgaha½ k±tu½ vaµµati,tasm± “tumhe, bhante, gaºhatha, maya½ katv± dass±m±”ti vattabba½. T²su c²varesuya½ jiººa½ hoti, tadatth±ya d±tabba½. Pakatiy± dupaµµac²varassa dupaµµatth±yeva d±tabba½.Sacepissa ekapaµµac²vara½ ghana½ hoti, kathinas±µak± ca pelav±, s±ruppatth±ya dupaµµappahonakamevad±tabba½, “aha½ alabhanto ekapaµµa½ p±rup±m²”ti vadantassapi dupaµµa½ d±tu½ vaµµati.Yo pana lobhapakatiko hoti, tassa na d±tabba½. Tenapi “kathina½ attharitv± pacch±visibbitv± dve c²var±ni kariss±m²”ti na gahetabba½. Yassa pana d²yati, tassa–
“Suº±tu me, bhante, saªgho, ida½ saªghassa kathinadussa½ uppanna½, yadi saªghassa pattakalla½,saªgho ima½ kathinadussa½ itthann±massa bhikkhuno dadeyya kathina½ attharitu½, es± ñatti.
“Suº±tu me, bhante, saªgho, ida½ saªghassa kathinadussa½ uppanna½, saªghoima½ kathinadussa½ itthann±massa bhikkhuno deti kathina½ attharitu½, yass±yasmato khamatiimassa kathinadussassa itthann±massa bhikkhuno d±na½ kathina½ attharitu½, so tuºhassa.Yassa nakkhamati, so bh±seyya.
“Dinna½ ida½ saªghena kathinadussa½ itthann±massa bhikkhuno kathina½ attharitu½, khamatisaªghassa, tasm± tuºh², evameta½ dh±ray±m²”ti (mah±va. 307)–

Eva½ dutiyakammav±c±ya d±tabba½.

Eva½ dinne pana kathine sace ta½ kathinadussa½ niµµhitaparikammameva hoti, icceta½ kusala½.No ce niµµhitaparikamma½ hoti, “aha½ thero”ti v± “bahussuto”ti v± ekenapiak±tu½ na labbhati sabbeheva sannipatitv± dhovanasibbanarajan±ni niµµh±petabb±ni. Idañhikathinavatta½ n±ma buddhappasattha½. At²te padumuttaropi bhagav± kathinavatta½ ak±si.Tassa kira aggas±vako suj±tatthero n±ma kathina½ gaºhi. Ta½ satth± aµµhasaµµhiy± bhikkhusatasahassehisaddhi½ nis²ditv± ak±si.
Katapariyosita½ pana kathina½ gahetv± atth±rakena bhikkhun± sace saªgh±µiy± kathina½ attharituk±mohoti, por±ºik± saªgh±µi paccuddharitabb±, nav± saªgh±µi adhiµµh±tabb±, “im±ya saªgh±µiy±kathina½ atthar±m²”ti v±c± bhinditabb±. Sace uttar±saªgena kathina½ attharituk±mohoti, por±ºako uttar±saªgo paccuddharitabbo, navo uttar±saªgo adhiµµh±tabbo, “imin±uttar±saªgena kathina½ atthar±m²”ti v±c± bhinditabb±. Sace antarav±sakena kathina½attharituk±mo hoti, por±ºako antarav±sako paccuddharitabbo, navo antarav±sako adhiµµh±tabbo,“imin± antarav±sakena kathina½ atthar±m²”ti v±c± bhinditabb±.
Tena (pari. 413) kathinatth±rakena bhikkhun± saªgha½ upasaªkamitv± eka½sa½ uttar±saªga½karitv± añjali½ paggahetv± evamassa vacan²yo “atthata½, bhante, saªghassa kathina½, dhammikokathinatth±ro, anumodath±”ti. Tehi anumodakehi bhikkh³hi eka½sa½uttar±saªga½ karitv± añjali½ paggahetv± evamassa vacan²yo “atthata½, ±vuso, saªghassakathina½, dhammiko kathinatth±ro, anumod±m±”ti. Tena kathinatth±rakena bhikkhun±sambahule bhikkh³ upasaªkamitv± eka½sa½ uttar±saªga½ karitv± añjali½ paggahetv± evamassavacan²yo “atthata½, bhante, saªghassa kathina½, dhammiko kathinatth±ro, anumodath±”ti.Tehi anumodakehi bhikkh³hi eka½sa½ uttar±saªga½ karitv± añjali½ paggahetv± evamassavacan²yo “atthata½, ±vuso, saªghassa kathina½, dhammiko kathinatth±ro, anumod±m±”ti.Tena kathinatth±rakena bhikkhun± eka½ bhikkhu½ upasaªkamitv± eka½sa½ uttar±saªga½ karitv±añjali½ paggahetv± evamassa vacan²yo “atthata½, ±vuso, saªghassa kathina½, dhammikokathinatth±ro, anumod±h²”ti. Tena anumodakena bhikkhun± eka½sa½ uttar±saªga½karitv± añjali½ paggahetv± evamassa vacan²yo “atthata½, ±vuso, saªghassa kathina½, dhammikokathinatth±ro, anumod±m²”ti. Eva½ sabbesa½ atthata½ hoti kathina½. Vuttañheta½ pariv±re“dvinna½ puggal±na½ atthata½ hoti kathina½ atth±rakassa ca anumodakassa c±”ti (pari.403). Punapi vutta½ “na saªgho kathina½ attharati, na gaºo kathina½ attharati, puggalokathina½ attharati, saªghassa anumodan±ya gaºassa anumodan±ya puggalassa atthar±ya saªghassa atthata½ hoti kathina½, gaºassa atthata½ hoti kathina½, puggalassa atthata½ hoti kathinan”ti(pari. 414).
Eva½ atthate pana kathine sace kathinac²varena saddhi½ ±bhata½ ±nisa½sa½ d±yak± “yenaamh±ka½ kathina½ gahita½, tasseva dem±”ti denti, bhikkhusaªgho anissaro. Atha avic±retv±vadatv± gacchanti, bhikkhusaªgho issaro. Tasm± sace kathinatth±rakassa sesac²var±nipi dubbal±nihonti, saªghena apaloketv± tesampi atth±ya vatth±ni d±tabb±ni, kammav±c± panaek±yeva vaµµati. Avasesakathin±nisa½se balavavatth±ni vass±v±sikaµhitik±ya d±tabb±ni,µhitik±ya abh±ve ther±sanato paµµh±ya d±tabb±ni, garubhaº¹a½ na bh±jetabba½. Sace pana ekas²m±yabah³ vih±r± honti, sabbehi bhikkh³hi sannip±t±petv± ekattha kathina½ attharitabba½,visu½ visu½ attharitu½ na vaµµati.
“Atthatakathin±na½ vo, bhikkhave, pañca kappissanti, an±mantac±ro asam±d±nac±rogaºabhojana½ y±vadatthac²vara½ yo ca tattha c²varupp±do. So nesa½ bhavissat²”ti (mah±va.306) vacanato atthatakathin±na½ bhikkh³na½ an±mantac±r±dayo pana pañc±nisa½s± labbhanti.Tattha an±mantac±roti an±mantetv± caraºa½, y±va kathina½ na uddhar²yati, t±va c±rittasikkh±padenaan±patt²ti vutta½ hoti. Asam±d±nac±roti c²vara½ asam±d±ya caraºa½, c²varavippav±sotiattho. Gaºabhojananti gaºabhojanasikkh±padena an±patti vutt±. Y±vadatthac²varantiy±vat± c²varena attho, t±vataka½ anadhiµµhita½ avikappita½ vaµµat²ti attho. Yo catattha c²varupp±doti tattha kathinatthatas²m±ya matakac²vara½ v± hotu saªgha½ uddissadinna½ v± saªghikena tatrupp±dena ±bhata½ v±, yena kenaci ±k±rena ya½ saªghika½c²vara½ uppajjati, ta½ tesa½ bhavissat²ti attho.

Iti p±¼imuttakavinayavinicchayasaªgahe

Kathinatth±ravinicchayakath± samatt±.