¾n±p±nassatisam±dhikath±

165. Atha kho bhagav±…pe… bhikkh³ ±mantesi– ayampi kho bhikkhaveti ±mantetv± ca pana bhikkh³na½ arahattappattiy± pubbe ±cikkhita-asubhakammaµµh±nato añña½ pariy±ya½ ±cikkhanto “±n±p±nassatisam±dh²”ti ±ha.

Id±ni yasm± bhagavat± bhikkh³na½ santapaº²takammaµµh±nadassanatthameva aya½ p±¼i vutt±, tasm± aparih±petv± atthayojan±kkama½ ettha vaººana½ kariss±mi. Tatra “ayampi kho bhikkhave”ti imassa t±va padassa aya½ yojan±– bhikkhave na kevala½ asubhabh±van±yeva kilesappah±n±ya sa½vattati, apica ayampi kho ±n±p±nassatisam±dhi…pe… v³pasamet²ti.

Aya½ panettha atthavaººan±– ±n±p±nassat²ti ass±sapass±saparigg±hik± sati. Vuttañheta½ paµisambhid±ya½–

“¾nanti ass±so, no pass±so. Ap±nanti pass±so, no ass±so. Ass±savasena upaµµh±na½ sati, pass±savasena upaµµh±na½ sati. Yo assasati tassupaµµh±ti, yo passasati tassupaµµh±t²”ti (paµi. ma. 1.160).

Sam±dh²ti t±ya ±n±p±naparigg±hik±ya satiy± saddhi½ uppann± cittekaggat±; sam±dhis²sena c±ya½ desan±, na satis²sena. Tasm± ±n±p±nassatiy± yutto sam±dhi ±n±p±nassatisam±dhi, ±n±p±nassatiya½ v± sam±dhi ±n±p±nassatisam±dh²ti evamettha attho veditabbo. Bh±vitoti upp±dito va¹¹hito ca. Bahul²katoti punappuna½ kato. Santo ceva paº²to c±ti santo ceva paº²to ceva, ubhayattha evasaddena niyamo veditabbo. Ki½ vutta½ hoti? Ayañhi yath± asubhakammaµµh±na½ kevala½ paµivedhavasena santañca paº²tañca o¼±rik±rammaºatt± pana paµik³l±rammaºatt± ca ±rammaºavasena neva santa½ na paº²ta½, na eva½ kenaci pariy±yena asanto v± appaº²to v±, apica kho ±rammaºasantat±yapi santo v³pasanto nibbuto paµivedhasaªkh±ta-aªgasantat±yapi ±rammaºappaº²tat±yapi paº²to atittikaro aªgappaº²tat±yap²ti. Tena vutta½– “santo ceva paº²to c±”ti.

Asecanako ca sukho ca vih±roti ettha pana n±ssa secananti asecanako an±sittako abbokiººo p±µekko ±veºiko, natthettha parikammena v± upac±rena v± santat± ±dimanasik±rato pabhuti attano sabh±veneva santo ca paº²to c±ti attho. Keci pana asecanakoti an±sittako ojavanto sabh±veneva madhuroti vadanti. Evamaya½ asecanako ca appitappitakkhaºe k±yikacetasikasukhappaµil±bh±ya sa½vattanato sukho ca vih±roti veditabbo.

Uppannuppanneti avikkhambhite avikkhambhite. P±paketi l±make. Akusale dhammeti akosallasambh³te dhamme. Ýh±naso antaradh±pet²ti khaºeneva antaradh±peti vikkhambheti. V³pasamet²ti suµµhu upasameti, nibbedhabh±giyatt± v± anupubbena ariyamaggavu¹¹hippato samucchindati paµippassambhet²tipi attho.

Seyyath±p²ti opammanidassanameta½. Gimh±na½ pacchime m±seti ±s±¼ham±se. Ðhata½ rajojallanti addham±se v±t±tapasukkh±ya gomahi½s±dip±dappah±rasambhinn±ya pathaviy± uddha½ hata½ ³hata½ ±k±se samuµµhita½ rajañca reºuñca. Mah± ak±lameghoti sabba½ nabha½ ajjhottharitv± uµµhito ±s±¼hajuºhapakkhe sakala½ addham±sa½ vassanakamegho. So hi asampatte vassak±le uppannatt± ak±lameghoti idh±dhippeto. Ýh±naso antaradh±peti v³pasamet²ti khaºeneva adassana½ neti, pathaviya½ sannis²d±peti. Evameva khoti opammasampaµip±danameta½. Tato para½ vuttanayameva.

Id±ni katha½ bh±vito ca bhikkhave ±n±p±nassatisam±dh²ti ettha kathanti ±n±p±nassatisam±dhibh±vana½ n±nappak±rato vitth±retukamyat±pucch±. Bh±vito ca bhikkhave ±n±p±nassatisam±dh²ti n±nappak±rato vitth±retukamyat±ya puµµhadhammanidassana½ Esa nayo dutiyapadepi. Aya½ panettha saªkhepattho– bhikkhave kenapak±rena ken±k±rena kena vidhin± bh±vito ±n±p±nassatisam±dhi kenapak±rena bahul²kato santo ceva…pe… v³pasamet²ti.

Id±ni tamattha½ vitth±rento “idha bhikkhave”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha idha bhikkhave bhikkh³ti bhikkhave imasmi½ s±sane bhikkhu. Ayañhettha idhasaddo sabbappak±ra-±n±p±nassatisam±dhinibbattakassa puggalassa sannissayabh³tas±sanaparid²pano aññas±sanassa tath±bh±vapaµisedhano ca. Vuttañheta½– “idheva, bhikkhave, samaºo…pe… suññ± parappav±d± samaºebhi aññeh²”ti (ma. ni. 1.139). Tena vutta½– “imasmi½ s±sane bhikkh³”ti.

Araññagato v±…pe… suññ±g±ragato v±ti idamassa ±n±p±nassatisam±dhibh±van±nur³pasen±sanapariggahaparid²pana½. Imassa hi bhikkhuno d²gharatta½ r³p±d²su ±rammaºesu anuvisaµa½ citta½ ±n±p±nassatisam±dhi-±rammaºa½ abhiruhitu½ na icchati. K³µagoºayuttaratho viya uppathameva dh±vati. Tasm± seyyath±pi n±ma gopo k³µadhenuy± sabba½ kh²ra½ pivitv± va¹¹hita½ k³µavaccha½ dametuk±mo dhenuto apanetv± ekamante mahanta½ thambha½ nikhaºitv± tattha yottena bandheyya. Athassa so vaccho ito cito ca vipphanditv± pal±yitu½ asakkonto tameva thambha½ upanis²deyya v± upanipajjeyya v±; evameva imin±pi bhikkhun± d²gharatta½ r³p±rammaº±dirasap±nava¹¹hita½ duµµhacitta½ dametuk±mena r³p±di-±rammaºato apanetv± arañña½ v±…pe… suññ±g±ra½ v± pavesetv± tattha ass±sapass±sathambhe satiyottena bandhitabba½. Evamassa ta½ citta½ ito cito ca vipphanditv±pi pubbe ±ciºº±rammaºa½ alabham±na½ satiyotta½ chinditv± pal±yitu½ asakkonta½ tamev±rammaºa½ upac±rappan±vasena upanis²dati ceva upanipajjati ca. Ten±hu por±º±–

“Yath± thambhe nibandheyya, vaccha½ damma½ naro idha;
bandheyyeva½ saka½ citta½, satiy±rammaºe da¼han”ti. (Visuddhi. 1.217; d². ni. aµµha. 2.374; ma. ni. aµµha. 1.107; paµi. ma. aµµha. 2.1.163).

Evamasseta½ sen±sana½ bh±van±nur³pa½ hoti. Tena vutta½– “idamassa ±n±p±nassatisama-±dhibh±van±nur³pasen±sanapariggahaparid²panan”ti.

Atha v± yasm± ida½ kammaµµh±nappabhede muddhabh³ta½ sabbaññubuddhapaccekabuddhabuddhas±vak±na½ vises±dhigamadiµµhadhammasukhavih±rapadaµµh±na½ ±n±p±nassatikammaµµh±na½ itthipurisahatthi-ass±disaddasam±kula½ g±manta½ apariccajitv± na sukara½ samp±detu½, saddakaºµakatt± jh±nassa. Ag±make pana araññe sukara½ yog±vacarena ida½ kammaµµh±na½ pariggahetv± ±n±p±nacatutthajjh±na½ nibbattetv± tadeva ca p±daka½ katv± saªkh±re sammasitv± aggaphala½ arahatta½ samp±puºitu½, tasm±ssa anur³pa½sen±sana½ dassento bhagav± “araññagato v±”ti-±dim±ha.

Vatthuvijj±cariyo viya hi bhagav±, so yath± vatthuvijj±cariyo nagarabh³mi½ passitv± suµµhu upaparikkhitv± “ettha nagara½ m±peth±”ti upadisati, sotthin± ca nagare niµµhite r±jakulato mah±sakk±ra½ labhati; evameva yog±vacarassa anur³pasen±sana½ upaparikkhitv± ettha kammaµµh±na½ anuyuñjitabbanti upadisati. Tato tattha kammaµµh±na½ anuyuttena yogin± kamena arahatte patte “samm±sambuddho vata so bhagav±”ti mahanta½ sakk±ra½ labhati. Aya½ pana bhikkhu “d²pisadiso”ti vuccati. Yath± hi mah±d²pir±j± araññe tiºagahana½ v± vanagahana½ v± pabbatagahana½ v± niss±ya nil²yitv± vanamahi½sagokaººas³kar±dayo mige gaºh±ti; evamev±ya½ araññ±d²su kammaµµh±na½ anuyuñjanto bhikkhu yath±kkamena sot±pattisakad±g±mi-an±g±mi-arahattamagge ceva ariyaphalañca gaºh±t²ti veditabbo. Ten±hu por±º±–

“Yath±pi d²piko n±ma, nil²yitv± gaºhat² mige;
tathev±ya½ buddhaputto, yuttayogo vipassako;
arañña½ pavisitv±na, gaºh±ti phalamuttaman”ti. (Mi. pa. 6.1.5).

Tenassa parakkamajavayoggabh³mi½ araññasen±sana½ dassento bhagav± “araññagato v±”ti-±dim±ha.

Tattha araññagato v±ti araññanti “nikkhamitv± bahi indakh²l± sabbameta½ araññan”ti (vibha. 529) ca “±raññaka½ n±ma sen±sana½ pañcadhanusatika½ pacchiman”ti (p±r±. 653) ca eva½ vuttalakkhaºesu araññesu anur³pa½ ya½kiñci pavivekasukha½ arañña½ gato. Rukkham³lagato v±ti rukkhasam²pa½ gato. Suññ±g±ragato v±ti suñña½ vivittok±sa½ gato. Ettha ca µhapetv± araññañca rukkham³lañca avasesasattavidhasen±sanagatopi suññ±g±ragatoti vattu½ vaµµati. Evamassa ututtay±nuk³la½ dh±tucariy±nuk³lañca ±n±p±nassatibh±van±nur³pa½ sen±sana½ upadisitv± al²n±nuddhaccapakkhika½ santamiriy±patha½ upadisanto “nis²dat²”ti ±ha. Athassa nisajj±ya da¼habh±va½ ass±sapass±s±na½ pavattanasukhata½ ±rammaºapariggah³p±yañca dassento “pallaªka½ ±bhujitv±”ti-±dim±ha.

Tattha pallaªkanti samantato ³rubaddh±sana½. ¾bhujitv±ti ±bandhitv±. Uju½ k±ya½ paºidh±y±ti uparima½ sar²ra½ ujuka½ µhapetv±, aµµh±rasa piµµhikaºµake koµiy± koµi½ paµip±detv±. Evañhi nisinnassa cammama½sanh±r³ni na paºamanti. Athassa y± tesa½ paºamanappaccay± khaºe khaºe vedan± uppajjeyyu½, t± na uppajjanti. T±su anuppajjam±n±su citta½ ekagga½ hoti. Kammaµµh±na½ na paripatati. Vu¹¹hi½ ph±ti½ upagacchati.

Parimukha½ sati½ upaµµhapetv±ti kammaµµh±n±bhimukha½ sati½ µhapayitv±. Atha v± “par²”ti pariggahaµµho; “mukhan”ti niyy±naµµho; “sat²”ti upaµµh±naµµho; tena vuccati– “parimukha½ sati½ upaµµhapetv±”ti. Eva½ paµisambhid±ya½ (paµi. ma. 1.164-165) vuttanayenapettha attho daµµhabbo. Tatr±ya½ saªkhepo– “pariggahitaniyy±na½ sati½ katv±”ti. So satova assasat²ti so bhikkhu eva½ nis²ditv± evañca sati½ upaµµhapetv± ta½ sati½ avijahanto sato-eva assasati, sato passasati, satok±r² hot²ti vutta½ hoti.

Id±ni yeh±k±rehi satok±r² hoti, te dassento “d²gha½ v± assasanto”ti-±dim±ha. Vuttañheta½ paµisambhid±ya½– “so satova assasati, sato passasat²”ti etasseva vibhaªge–

“B±tti½s±ya ±k±rehi satok±r² hoti. D²gha½ ass±savasena cittassa ekaggata½ avikkhepa½ paj±nato sati upaµµhit± hoti. T±ya satiy± tena ñ±ºena satok±r² hoti. D²gha½ pass±savasena…pe… paµinissagg±nupass² ass±savasena paµinissagg±nupass² pass±savasena cittassa ekaggata½ avikkhepa½ paj±nato sati upaµµhit± hoti. T±ya satiy± tena ñ±ºena satok±r² hot²”ti (paµi. ma. 1.165).

Tattha d²gha½ v± assasantoti d²gha½ v± ass±sa½ pavattento. “Ass±so”ti bahi nikkhamanav±to. “Pass±so”ti anto pavisanav±to. Suttantaµµhakath±su pana uppaµip±µiy± ±gata½.

Tattha sabbesampi gabbhaseyyak±na½ m±tukucchito nikkhamanak±le paµhama½ abbhantarav±to bahi nikkhamati. Pacch± b±hirav±to sukhuma½ raja½ gahetv± abbhantara½ pavisanto t±lu½ ±hacca nibb±yati. Eva½ t±va ass±sapass±s± veditabb±. Y± pana tesa½ d²gharassat±, s± addh±navasena veditabb±. Yath± hi ok±saddh±na½ pharitv± µhita½ udaka½ v± v±lik± v± “d²ghamudaka½ d²gh± v±lik±, rassamudaka½ rass± v±lik±”ti vuccati. Eva½ cuººavicuºº±pi ass±sapass±s± hatthisar²re ahisar²re ca tesa½ attabh±vasaªkh±ta½ d²gha½ addh±na½ saºika½ p³retv± saºikameva nikkhamanti, tasm± “d²gh±”ti vuccanti. Sunakhasas±d²na½ attabh±vasaªkh±ta½ rassa½ addh±na½ s²gha½ p³retv± s²ghameva nikkhamanti, tasm± “rass±”ti vuccanti. Manussesu pana keci hatthi-ahi-±dayo viya k±laddh±navasena d²gha½ assasanti ca passasanti ca. Keci sunakhasas±dayo viya rassa½. Tasm± tesa½ k±lavasena d²ghamaddh±na½ nikkhamant± ca pavisant± ca te d²gh±. Ittaramaddh±na½ nikkhamant± ca pavisant± ca “rass±”ti veditabb±. Tatr±ya½ bhikkhu navah±k±rehi d²gha½ assasanto ca passasanto ca “d²gha½ assas±mi passas±m²”ti paj±n±ti. Eva½ paj±nato cassa eken±k±rena k±y±nupassan±satipaµµh±nabh±van± sampajjat²ti veditabb±. Yath±ha paµisambhid±ya½–