Kusasaªk±manavatthukath±

138. Tadanantare vatthusmi½ kusa½ saªk±metv± c²vara½ aggahes²ti pubbe “±diyeyy±”ti imassa padassa atthavaººan±ya½ n±mamattena dassitesu theyy±vah±ra-pasayh±vah±ra-parikapp±vah±rapa-acchann±vah±ra-kus±vah±resu kus±vah±rena avahar²ti attho.

Imesa½ pana avah±r±na½ eva½ n±natta½ veditabba½– yo hi koci sass±mika½ bhaº¹a½ rattibh±ge v± divasabh±ge v± sandhicched±d²ni katv± adissam±no avaharati, k³µam±nak³µakah±paº±d²hi v± vañcetv± gaºh±ti, tasseva½ gaºhato avah±ro “theyy±vah±ro”ti veditabbo.

Yo pana pare pasayha balas± abhibhuyya, atha v± pana santajjetv± bhaya½ dassetv± tesa½ santaka½ gaºh±ti, panthagh±ta-g±magh±t±d²ni karont± d±marikacor± viya kodhavasena paragharavilopa½ karont± attano pattabalito ca adhika½ balakk±rena gaºhant± r±ja-r±jamah±matt±dayo viya; tasseva½ gaºhato avah±ro “pasayh±vah±ro”ti veditabbo.

Parikappetv± gaºhato pana avah±ro “parikapp±vah±ro”ti vuccati, so bhaº¹aparikappa-ok±saparikappavasena duvidho Tatr±ya½ bhaº¹aparikappo– idhekacco s±µakatthiko antogabbha½ pavisitv± “sace s±µako bhavissati, gaºhiss±mi; sace sutta½, na gaºhiss±m²”ti parikappetv± andhak±re pasibbaka½ gaºh±ti, s±µako ce tatra hoti, uddh±reyeva p±r±jika½. Sutta½ ce hoti, rakkhati. Bahi n²haritv± muñcitv± “suttan”ti ñatv± puna ±haritv± yath±µh±ne µhapeti, rakkhatiyeva. “Suttan”ti ñatv±pi “ya½ laddha½, ta½ gahetabban”ti gacchati, padav±rena k±retabbo. Bh³miya½ µhapetv± gaºh±ti, uddh±re p±r±jika½. “Coro, coro”ti s±mikehi pariyuµµhito cha¹¹etv± pal±yati, rakkhati. S±mik± ta½ disv± gaºhanti, icceta½ kusala½. Añño ce koci gaºh±ti, bhaº¹adeyya½. Atha nivattesu s±mikesu sayameva ta½ disv± “pageveta½ may± n²haµa½, mama d±ni santakan”ti gaºh±ti, rakkhati; bhaº¹adeyya½ pana hoti. “Sace sutta½ bhavissati, gaºhiss±mi; sace s±µako, na gaºhiss±mi. Sace sappi bhavissati, gaºhiss±mi; sace tela½, na gaºhiss±m²”ti-±din± nayena parikappetv± gaºhantass±pi eseva nayo.

Mah±paccariy±d²su pana “s±µakatthikopi s±µakapasibbakameva gahetv± nikkhanto bahi µhatv± muñcitv± ‘s±µako ayan’ti disv± gacchanto paduddh±reneva k±retabbo”ti vutta½. Ettha pana “sace s±µako bhavissati, gaºhiss±m²”ti parikappitatt± parikappo dissati, disv± haµatt± parikapp±vah±ro na dissati. Mah±-aµµhakath±ya½ pana ya½ parikappita½ ta½ adiµµha½ parikappitabh±ve µhita½yeva uddharantassa avah±ro vutto, tasm± tattha parikapp±vah±ro dissati. “Ta½ maññam±no ta½ avahar²”ti p±¼iy± ca samet²ti. Tattha yv±ya½ “sace s±µako bhavissati, gaºhiss±m²”ti-±din± nayena pavatto parikappo, aya½ “bhaº¹aparikappo” n±ma.

Ok±saparikappo pana eva½ veditabbo– idhekacco lolabhikkhu parapariveºa½ v± kulaghara½ v± araññe kammantas±la½ v± pavisitv± tattha kath±sall±pena nisinno kiñci lobhaneyya½ parikkh±ra½ oloketi, olokento ca pana disv± dv±rapamukhaheµµh±p±s±dapariveºadv±rakoµµhakarukkham³l±divasena pariccheda½ katv± “sace ma½ etthantare passissanti, daµµhuk±mat±ya gahetv± vicaranto viya etesa½yeva dass±mi; no ce passissanti, hariss±m²”ti parikappeti. Tassa ta½ ±d±ya parikappitapariccheda½ atikkantamatte p±r±jika½. Sace upac±ras²ma½ parikappeti, tadabhimukhova gacchanto kammaµµh±n±d²ni manasi karonto v± aññavihito v± asatiy± upac±ras²ma½ atikkamati, bhaº¹adeyya½. Ath±pissa ta½ µh±na½ pattassa coro v± hatth² v± v±¼amigo v± mah±megho v± vuµµhahati, so ca tamh± upaddav± muccitukamyat±ya sahas± ta½ µh±na½ atikkamati, bhaº¹adeyyameva. Keci panettha “yasm± m³leva theyyacittena gahita½, tasm± na rakkhati, avah±royev±”ti vadanti. Aya½ t±va mah±-aµµhakath±nayo. Mah±paccariya½ pana “sacepi so antoparicchede hatthi½ v± assa½ v± abhiruhitv± ta½ neva p±jeti, na p±j±peti; paricchede atikkantepi p±r±jika½ natthi, bhaº¹adeyyamev±”ti vutta½. Tatra yv±ya½ “sace ma½ etthantare passissanti, daµµhuk±mat±ya gahetv± vicaranto viya etesa½yeva dass±m²”ti pavatto parikappo, aya½ “ok±saparikappo” n±ma.

Evamimesa½ dvinnampi parikapp±na½ vasena parikappetv± gaºhato avah±ro “parikapp±vah±ro”ti veditabbo.

Paµicch±detv± pana avaharaºa½ paµicchann±vah±ro. So eva½ veditabbo– yo bhikkhu manuss±na½ uyy±n±d²su k²¼ant±na½ v± pavisant±na½ v± omuñcitv± µhapita½ alaªk±rabhaº¹a½ disv± “sace onamitv± gahess±mi, ‘ki½ samaºo gaºh±t²’ti ma½ j±nitv± viheµheyyun”ti pa½sun± v± paººena v± paµicch±deti– “pacch± gaºhiss±m²”ti, tassa ett±vat± uddh±ro natth²ti na t±va avah±ro hoti. Yad± pana te manuss± antog±ma½ pavisituk±m± ta½ bhaº¹aka½ vicinant±pi apassitv± “id±ni andhak±ro, sve j±niss±m±”ti s±lay± eva gat± honti. Athassa ta½ uddharato uddh±re p±r±jika½. “Paµicchannak±leyeva ta½ mama santakan”ti sakasaññ±ya v± “gat± d±ni te, cha¹¹itabhaº¹a½ idan”ti pa½suk³lasaññ±ya v± gaºhantassa pana bhaº¹adeyya½. Tesu dutiyadivase ±gantv± vicinitv± adisv± dhuranikkhepa½ katv± gatesupi gahita½ bhaº¹adeyyameva. Kasm±? Yasm± tassa payogena tehi na diµµha½, yo pana tath±r³pa½ bhaº¹a½ disv± yath±µh±ne µhita½yeva appaµicch±detv± theyyacitto p±dena akkamitv± kaddame v± v±lik±ya v± paveseti, tassa pavesitamatteyeva p±r±jika½.

Kusa½ saªk±metv± pana avaharaºa½ “kus±vah±ro”ti vuccati. Sopi eva½ veditabbo– yo bhikkhu kusa½ p±tetv± c²vare bh±jiyam±ne attano koµµh±sassa sam²pe µhita½ appagghatara½ v± mahagghatara½ v± samasama½ v± agghena parassa koµµh±sa½ harituk±mo attano koµµh±se patita½ kusadaº¹aka½ parassa koµµh±se p±tetuk±mo uddharati, rakkhati t±va. Parassa koµµh±se p±teti, rakkhateva. Yad± pana tasmi½ patite parassa koµµh±sato parassa kusadaº¹aka½ uddharati, uddhaµamatte p±r±jiko hoti. Sace paµhamatara½ parakoµµh±sato kusadaº¹aka½ uddharati attano koµµh±se p±tetuk±mat±ya uddh±re rakkhati p±tane rakkhati. Attano koµµh±sato pana attano kusadaº¹aka½ uddharati, uddh±reyeva rakkhati. Ta½ uddharitv± parakoµµh±se p±tentassa hatthato muttamatte p±r±jika½.

Sace pana dv²supi koµµh±sesu patitadaº¹ake adassana½ gameti, tato avasesabhikkh³su gatesu itaro “‘mayha½, bhante, daº¹ako na paññ±yat²’ti. ‘Mayhampi, ±vuso, na paññ±yat²’ti. ‘Katamo pana, bhante, mayha½ bh±go’ti? ‘Aya½ tuyha½ bh±go”’ti attano bh±ga½ dasseti, tasmi½ vivaditv± v± avivaditv± v± ta½ gaºhitv± gate itaro tassa bh±ga½ uddharati, uddh±re p±r±jika½. Sacepi tena “aha½ mama bh±ga½ tuyha½ na demi, tva½ pana attano bh±ga½ ñatv± gaºh±”ti vutte “n±ya½ mam±”ti j±nantopi tasseva bh±ga½ gaºh±ti, uddh±re p±r±jika½. Sace pana itaro “aya½ tuyha½ bh±go, aya½ mayha½ bh±goti ki½ imin± viv±den±”ti cintetv± “mayha½ v± patto hotu, tumh±ka½ v±, yo varabh±go ta½ tumhe gaºhath±”ti vadati, dinnaka½ n±ma gahita½ hoti, natthettha avah±ro. Sacepi so viv±dabh²ruko bhikkhu “ya½ tuyha½ ruccati, ta½ gaºh±”ti vutto attano patta½ varabh±ga½ µhapetv± l±maka½yeva gahetv± gacchati, tato itarassa vicinit±vasesa½ gaºhantass±pi avah±ro natthev±ti.

Aµµhakath±supana vutta½– “imasmi½ µh±ne kusasaªk±manavasena c²varabh±jan²yameva eka½ ±gata½, catunnampi pana paccay±na½ uppattiñca bh±jan²yañca n²haritv± dassetabban”ti evañca vatv± c²varakkhandhake“paµiggaºh±tu me, bhante, bhagav± s²veyyaka½ dussayuga½; bhikkhusaªghassa ca gahapatic²vara½ anuj±n±t³”ti (mah±va. 337) ida½ j²vakavatthu½ ±di½ katv± uppannac²varakath±, sen±sanakkhandhake “tena kho pana samayena r±jagaha½ dubbhikkha½ hoti, manuss± na sakkonti saªghabhatta½ k±tu½, icchanti uddesabhatta½ nimantana½ sal±kabhatta½ pakkhika½ uposathika½ p±µipadika½ k±tun”ti (c³¼ava. 325) ida½ suttam±di½ katv± piº¹ap±takath±, sen±sanakkhandhakeyeva “tena kho pana samayena sattarasavaggiy± bhikkh³ aññatara½ paccantima½ mah±vih±ra½ paµisaªkharonti– ‘idha maya½ vassa½ vasiss±m±’ti. Addasa½su kho chabbaggiy± bhikkh³ sattarasavaggiye bhikkh³ vih±ra½ paµisaªkharonte”ti (c³¼ava. 316) ida½ chabbaggiyavatthu½ ±di½ katv± ±gatasen±sanakath±, tadavas±ne ca sappi-±dibhesajjakath± vitth±rena kathit±. Maya½ pana ta½ sabba½ ±gat±gataµµh±neyeva kathayiss±ma; eva½ kathane k±raºa½ pubbe vuttameva.

Kusasaªk±manavatthukath± niµµhit±.

139. Ito para½ jant±gharavatthu utt±natthameva.

140. Pañcasu vigh±savatth³su te bhikkh³ anupasampannena kappiya½ k±r±petv± paribhuñji½su. Vigh±sa½ pana gaºhantena kh±dit±vasesa½ cha¹¹ita½ gahetabba½. Yadi sakkoti kh±dante cha¹¹±petv± gaºhitu½, etampi vaµµati. Attaguttatth±ya pana par±nuddayat±ya ca na gahetabba½.

141. Odanakh±dan²yap³va-ucchutimbar³sakabh±jan²yavatth³su aparassa bh±ga½ deh²ti asanta½ puggala½ ±ha. Am³laka½ aggahes²ti s±mikesu dentesu eva½ aggahesi. An±patti bhikkhu p±r±jikass±ti s±mikehi dinna½ aggahesi; tenassa an±patti vutt±. ¾patti sampaj±namus±v±de p±cittiyass±ti yo pan±nena sampaj±namus±v±do vutto, tasmi½ p±cittiya½ ±ha; parato tekaµulay±guvatthumhi viya. Gahaºe pana aya½ vinicchayo– saªghassa santaka½ sammatena v± ±ºattehi v± ±r±mik±d²hi diyyam±na½, gih²nañca santaka½ s±mikena v± ±ºattena v± diyyam±na½ “aparassa bh±ga½ deh²”ti vatv± gaºhato bhaº¹adeyya½. Aññena diyyam±na½ gaºhanto bhaº¹agghena k±retabbo. Asammatena v± an±ºattena v± diyyam±ne “aparampi bh±ga½ deh²”ti vatv± v± k³µavass±ni gaºetv± v± gaºhanto pattacatukke viya tassuddh±reyeva bhaº¹agghena k±retabbo. Itarehi diyyam±na½ eva½ gaºhato bhaº¹adeyya½. S±mikena pana “imassa deh²”ti d±pita½ v± saya½ dinna½ v± sudinnanti ayamettha sabba-aµµhakath±vinicchayato s±ro.

142-3. Odaniyaghar±divatth³su– odaniyaghara½ n±ma vikk±yikabhattapacanaghara½. S³naghara½ n±ma vikk±yikama½sapacanaghara½. P³vaghara½ n±ma vikk±yikakhajjakapacanaghara½. Sesamettha, parikkh±ravatth³su ca p±kaµameva.

144. P²µhavatthusmi½ so bhikkhu parikappetv± “eta½ µh±na½ sampatta½ gaºhiss±m²”ti saªk±mesi. Tenassa saªk±mane avah±ro natthi. Saªk±metv± pana parikappitok±sato gahaºe p±r±jika½ vutta½. Eva½ haranto ca yadi p²µhake theyyacitta½ natthi, thavika½ aggh±petv± k±retabbo. Atha p²µhakepi atthi, ubho aggh±petv± k±retabboti. Bhisi-±d²ni t²ºi vatth³ni p±kaµ±neva.

146. Viss±sagg±h±d²su t²su vatth³su gahaºe an±patti, ±har±pentesu bhaº¹adeyya½. Piº¹±ya paviµµhassa paµiviso anto-upac±ras²m±ya½ µhitasseva gahetu½ vaµµati. Yadi pana d±yak± “bahi-upac±raµµh±nampi bhante, bh±ga½ gaºhatha, ±gantv± paribhuñjissant²”ti vadanti, eva½ antog±maµµh±nampi gahetu½ vaµµati. Sesamettha utt±natthameva.