Atha brahm± sahampati dasabalassa cetas± cetoparivitakkamaññ±ya– “nassati vata, bho, loko, vinassati vata, bho, loko”ti (sa½. ni. 1.172; ma. ni. 1.282; mah±va. 8) v±ca½ nicch±rento dasasahassacakkav±¼abrahmagaºaparivuto sakkasuy±masantusitaparanimmitavasavatt²hi anugato ±gantv± bhagavato purato p±turahosi. So attano patiµµh±natth±ya pathavi½ nimminitv± dakkhiºa½ j±ºumaº¹ala½ pathaviya½ nihantv± jalaj±mal±vikalakamalamakulasadisa½ dasanakhasamodh±nasamujjalamañjali½ sirasmi½ katv±– “desetu, bhante bhagav± dhamma½, desetu sugato dhamma½, santi satt± apparajakkhaj±tik±, assavanat± dhammassa parih±yanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññ±t±ro”ti (sa½. ni. 1.172; mah±va. 8)–
“P±turahosi magadhesu pubbe, dhammo asuddho samalehi cintito;
ap±pureta½ amatassa dv±ra½, suºantu dhamma½ vimalen±nubuddha½.
“Sele yath± pabbatamuddhaniµµhito, yath±pi passe janata½ samantato;
tath³pama½ dhammamaya½ sumedha, p±s±dam±ruyha samantacakkhu;
sok±vatiººa½ janatamapetasoko, avekkhassu j±tijar±bhibh³ta½.
“Uµµhehi v²ra vijitasaªg±ma, satthav±ha anaºa vicara loke;
desassu bhagav± dhamma½, aññ±t±ro bhavissant²”ti. (Ma. ni. 1.282; sa½. ni. 1.172; mah±va. 8)–
“Nanu tumhehi ‘buddho bodheyya½ tiººo t±reyya½ mutto moceyya”n’ti–
“Ki½ me aññ±tavesena, dhamma½ sacchikatenidha;
sabbaññuta½ p±puºitv±, t±rayissa½ sadevakan”ti. (Bu. va½. 2.55)–
Patthana½ katv± p±ramiyo p³retv± sabbaññubh±va½ pattoti ca, “tumhehi dhamme adesiyam±ne ko hi n±ma añño dhamma½ desessati, kimañña½ lokassa saraºa½ t±ºa½ leºa½ par±yanan”ti ca evam±d²hi anekehi nayehi bhagavanta½ dhammadesanattha½ ay±ci. Tena vutta½– “buddhabh³tassa pana bhagavato aµµhame satt±he satth± dhammadesanatth±ya brahmun± ±y±cito”ti.
Id±ni “kad± kattha ca ken±ya½, g±th± hi samud²rit±”ti imesa½ pañh±na½ vissajjan±ya ok±so anuppatto. Tattha kad± vutt±ti? Paµhamamah±saªg²tik±le vutt±. Paµhamamah±saªg²ti n±mes± saªg²tikkhandhe (c³¼ava. 437) vuttanayeneva veditabb±. Kattha kena vutt±ti? Bhagavati kira parinibbute r±jagahanagare vebh±rapabbatapasse sattapaººiguh±dv±re vijitasabbasattun± aj±tasattun± magadhamah±r±jena dhammasaªg±yanattha½ k±rite paripuººacandamaº¹alasaªk±se daµµhabbas±ramaº¹e maº¹ape dhamm±sanagaten±yasmat± ±nandattherena “brahm± ca lok±dhipat²”ti aya½ g±th± vutt±ti veditabb±. Ayamettha g±th±sambandho. Ett±vat±–
“Kad±ya½ dhammadesanattha½, ajjhiµµho brahmun± jino;
kad± kattha ca ken±ya½, g±th± hi samud²rit±”ti.–
Ayampi g±th± vuttatth± hoti. Eva½ imin± sambandhena vutt±ya panass± anutt±napadavaººana½ kariss±ma.
Tattha brahm±ti br³hito tehi tehi guºaviseseh²ti brahm±. Aya½ pana brahma-saddo mah±brahmabr±hmaºatath±gatam±t±pituseµµh±d²su dissati. Tath± hi “dvisahasso brahm±”ti-±d²su (ma. ni. 3.166) mah±brahm±ti adhippeto.
“Tamonudo buddho samantacakkhu, lokantag³ sabbabhav±tivatto;
an±savo sabbadukkhappah²no, saccavhayo brahme up±sito me”ti. (Su. ni. 1139)–
Ettha br±hmaºo. “Brahm±ti kho, bhikkhave, tath±gatasseta½ adhivacanan”ti ettha tath±gato. “Brahm±ti m±t±pitaro pubb±cariy±ti vuccare”ti (a. ni. 3.31; 4.63; itivu. 106; j±. 2.20.181) ettha m±t±pitaro. “Brahmacakka½ pavattet²”ti (ma. ni. 1.148; sa½. ni. 2.21; a. ni. 4.8; 5.11; paµi. ma. 2.44) ettha seµµho adhippeto. Idha pana paµhamajjh±na½ paº²ta½ bh±vetv± paµhamajjh±nabh³miya½ nibbatto kapp±yuko mah±brahm± adhippeto (ma. ni. aµµha. 1.3). Ca-saddo sampiº¹anattho, brahm± ca aññe ca dasasu cakkav±¼asahassesu brahm±no c±ti attho, padap³raºamatto v±. Lok±dhipat²ti ettha lokoti saªkh±raloko sattaloko ok±salokoti tayo lok±. Tesu idha sattaloko adhippeto. Tassa issaro adhipat²ti lok±dhipati, lokekadesass±pi adhipati lok±dhipat²ti vuccati dev±dhipati nar±dhipati viya.
Sahampat²ti so kira kassapassa bhagavato s±sane sahako n±ma thero paµhamajjh±na½ nibbattetv± aparih²najjh±no j²vitapariyos±ne paµhamajjh±nabh³miya½ kapp±yukamah±brahm± hutv± nibbatto, tatra pana na½ “sahampati brahm±”ti sañj±nanti. “Sahakapat²”ti vattabbe anussar±gama½ katv± ru¼h²vasena “sahampat²”ti vadanti. Katañjal²ti katañjaliko, añjalipuµa½ sirasi katv±ti attho. Anadhivaranti accantavaro adhivaro n±ssa atth²ti anadhivaro, na tato adhiko varo atth²ti v± anadhivaro, anuttaroti attho, ta½ anadhivara½. Ay±cath±ti ay±cittha ajjhesi. Id±ni yassatth±ya so bhagavanta½ ay±ci, tamattha½ dassetu½ “sant²dha satt±”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha sant²ti sa½vijjanti upalabbhanti, buddhacakkhussa ±p±tha½ ±gacchant± atth²ti attho. Idh±ti aya½ des±padese nip±to Sv±ya½ katthaci s±sana½ up±d±ya vuccati. Yath±ha– “idheva, bhikkhave, samaºo, idha dutiyo samaºo, idha tatiyo samaºo, idha catuttho samaºo, suññ± parappav±d± samaºebhi aññeh²”ti (ma. ni. 1.139; d². ni. 2.214; a. ni. 4.241). Katthaci ok±sa½, yath±ha–
“Idheva tiµµham±nassa, devabh³tassa me sato;
punar±yu ca me laddho, eva½ j±n±hi m±ris±”ti. (D². ni. 2.369)–
Katthaci padap³raºamattameva hoti. Yath±ha– “idh±ha½, bhikkhave, bhutt±v² assa½ pav±rito”ti (ma. ni. 1.30). Katthaci loka½ up±d±ya, yath±ha– “idha tath±gato loke uppajjati bahujanahit±ya bahujanasukh±y±”ti (a. ni. 1.170). Idh±pi lokameva up±d±ya vuttoti veditabbo. Tasm± imasmi½ sattaloketi attho. Satt±ti r³p±d²su khandhesu chandar±gena satt± visatt± ±satt± lagg± lagit±ti satt±, satt±ti p±ºino vuccanti. Ru¼h²saddena pana v²tar±gesupi aya½ voh±ro vattatiyeva.
Apparajakkhaj±tik±ti paññ±maye akkhimhi appa½ paritta½ r±gadosamoharaja½ etesa½ eva½sabh±v± ca teti apparajakkhaj±tik±, appa½ r±g±dirajameva v± yesa½ te apparajakkh±, te apparajakkhasabh±v± apparajakkhaj±tik±ti evamettha attho daµµhabbo. Tesa½ apparajakkhaj±tik±na½. “Satt±nan”ti vibhattivipariº±ma½ katv±– “desehi dhamman”ti imin± sambandha½ katv± attho daµµhabbo. Deseh²ti ±y±canavacanameta½, desehi kathehi upadis±ti attho. Dhammanti ettha aya½ dhamma-saddo pariyattisam±dhipaññ±pakatisabh±vasuññat±puñña-±pattiñeyyacatusaccadhamm±d²su dissati. Tath± hi– “idha bhikkhu dhamma½ pariy±puº±ti sutta½ geyya½ veyy±karaºa½…pe… vedallan”ti-±d²su (ma. ni. 1.239; a. ni. 4.102) pariyattiya½ dissati. “Eva½dhamm± te bhagavanto ahesun”ti-±d²su sam±dhimhi.
“Yassete caturo dhamm±, v±narinda yath± tava;
sacca½ dhammo dhiti c±go, diµµha½ so ativattat²”ti.–
¾d²su (j±. 1.2.147) paññ±ya. “J±tidhamm± jar±dhamm±, atho maraºadhammino”ti-±d²su (a. ni. 3.39) pakatiya½. “Kusal± dhamm±, akusal± dhamm±, aby±kat± dhamm±”ti-±d²su (dha. sa. tikam±tik±) sabh±ve. “Tasmi½ kho pana samaye dhamm± honti khandh± hont²”ti-±d²su (dha. sa. 121) suññat±ya½. “Dhammo suciººo sukham±vah±t²”ti-±d²su (su. ni. 184; therag±. 303; j±. 1.10.102; 1.15.385) puññe. “Dve aniyat± dhamm±”ti-±d²su ±pattiya½. “Sabbe dhamm± sabb±k±rena buddhassa bhagavato ñ±ºamukhe ±p±tha½ ±gacchant²”ti-±d²su (mah±ni. 156; c³¼ani. moghar±jam±ºavapucch±niddesa 85) ñeyye. “Diµµhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo”ti-±d²su (d². ni. 1.299; mah±va. 27, 57) catusaccadhamme. Idh±pi catusaccadhamme daµµhabbo (ma. ni. aµµha. 1.suttanikkhepavaººan±; dha. sa. aµµha. cittupp±dakaº¹a 1). Anukamp±ti anukampa½ anuddaya½ karohi. Imanti paja½ niddisanto ±ha. Pajanti paj±tatt± paj±, ta½ paja½, sattanik±ya½ sa½s±radukkhato moceh²ti adhipp±yo. Keci pana–
“Bhagav±ti lok±dhipat² naruttamo,
katañjal² brahmagaºehi y±cito”ti.–
Paµhanti. Ett±vat± sabbaso aya½ g±th± vuttatth± hoti.
Atha bhagavato ta½ brahmuno sahampatissa ±y±canavacana½ sutv± aparimitasamayasamuditakaruº±balassa dasabalassa parahitakaraºanipuºamatic±rassa sabbasattesu ok±sakaraºamattena mah±karuº± udap±di. Ta½ pana bhagavato karuºuppatti½ dassentehi saªg²tik±le saªg²tik±rakehi– 2. “Sampannavijj±caraºassa t±dino, jutindharassantimadehadh±rino;
tath±gatassappaµipuggalassa, uppajji k±ruññat± sabbasatte”ti.–
Aya½ g±th± µhapit±.
Tattha sampannavijj±caraºass±ti sampanna½ n±ma tividha½ paripuººasamaªgimadhuravasena. Tattha–
“Sampanna½ s±liked±ra½, suv± bhuñjanti kosiya;
paµivedemi te brahme, na na½ v±retumussahe”ti. (J±. 1.14.1)–
Ida½ paripuººasampanna½ n±ma. “Imin± p±timokkhasa½varena upeto hoti samupeto upagato samupagato sampanno samann±gato”ti (vibha. 511) ida½ samaªgisampanna½ n±ma. “Imiss±, bhante, mah±pathaviy± heµµhimatala½ sampanna½, seyyath±pi khuddamadhu½ an²laka½, evamass±dan”ti (p±r±. 18) ida½ madhurasampanna½ n±ma. Idha paripuººasampannampi samaªgisampannampi yujjati (ma. ni. aµµha. 1.64). Vijj±ti paµipakkhadhamme vijjhanaµµhena viditakaraºaµµhena vinditabbaµµhena ca vijj±. T± pana tissopi vijj± aµµhapi vijj±. Tisso vijj± bhayabheravasutte (ma. ni. 1.50 ±dayo) ±gatanayeneva veditabb±, aµµha ambaµµhasutte (d². ni. 1.278 ±dayo). Tatra hi vipassan±ñ±ºena manomayiddhiy± ca saha cha abhiññ± pariggahetv± aµµha vijj± vutt±. Caraºanti s²lasa½varo indriyesu guttadv±rat± bhojane mattaññut± j±gariy±nuyogo saddh± hir² ottappa½ b±husacca½ ±raddhav²riyat± upaµµhitassatit± paññ±sampannat± catt±ri r³p±vacarajjh±n±n²ti ime pannarasa dhamm± veditabb±. Imeyeva hi pannarasa dhamm± yasm± etehi carati ariyas±vako gacchati amata½ disa½, tasm± “caraºan”ti vutt±. Yath±ha– “idha, mah±n±ma, ariyas±vako s²lav± hot²”ti (ma. ni. 2.24) sabba½ majjhimapaºº±sake vuttanayeneva veditabba½. Vijj± ca caraºañca vijj±caraº±ni, sampann±ni paripuºº±ni vijj±caraº±ni yassa soya½ sampannavijj±caraºo, vijj±caraºehi sampanno samaªg²bh³to, samann±gatoti v± sampannavijj±caraºo. Ubhayath±pi attho yujjateva, tassa sampannavijj±caraºassa (p±r±. aµµha. 1.1 verañjakaº¹avaººan±).
T±dinoti “iµµhepi t±d² aniµµhepi t±d²”ti-±din± nayena mah±niddese (mah±ni. 38, 192) ±gatat±dilakkhaºena t±dino, iµµh±niµµh±d²su avik±rassa t±disass±ti attho. Jutindharass±ti jutimato, yugandhare saradasamaye samuditadivasakar±tirekatarasassirikasar²rajutivisaradharass±ti attho. “Paññ±pajjotadharass±”ti v± vattu½ vaµµati. Vuttañheta½–