3. Santikenid±nakath±

“Santikenid±na½ pana ‘eka½ samaya½ bhagav± s±vatthiya½ viharati jetavane an±thapiº¹ikassa ±r±me’. ‘Ves±liya½ viharati mah±vane k³µ±g±ras±l±yan’ti ca eva½ tasmi½ tasmi½ µh±neyeva labbhat²”ti vutta½. Kiñc±pi eva½ vutta½, atha kho pana tampi ±dito paµµh±ya eva½ veditabba½– ud±nañhi ud±netv± jayapallaªke nisinnassa bhagavato etadahosi– “aha½ kappasatasahass±dhik±ni catt±ri asaªkhyeyy±ni imassa pallaªkassa k±raº± sandh±vi½, ettaka½ me k±la½ imasseva pallaªkassa k±raº± alaªkatas²sa½ g²v±ya chinditv± dinna½, su-añjit±ni akkh²ni hadayama½sañca upp±µev± dinna½, j±l²kum±rasadis± putt±, kaºh±jinakum±risadis± dh²taro, madd²devisadis± bhariy±yo ca paresa½ d±satth±ya dinn±. Aya½ me pallaªko jayapallaªko thirapallaªko, ettha me nisinnassa saªkapp± paripuºº±, na t±va ito vuµµhahiss±m²”ti anekakoµisatasahassasam±pattiyo sam±pajjanto satt±ha½ tattheva nis²di. Ya½ sandh±ya vutta½– “atha kho bhagav± satt±ha½ ekapallaªkena nis²di vimuttisukhapaµisa½ved²”ti (mah±va. 1; ud±. 1).
Atha ekacc±na½ devat±na½ “ajj±pi n³na siddhatthassa kattabbakicca½ atthi, pallaªkasmiñhi ±laya½ na vijahat²”ti parivitakko udap±di. Satth± devat±na½ parivitakka½ ñatv± t±sa½ vitakkav³pasamattha½ veh±sa½ abbhuggantv± yamakap±µih±riya½ dassesi. Mah±bodhimaº¹e hi katap±µih±riyañca ñ±tisam±game katap±µih±riyañca p±thikaputtasam±game katap±µih±riyañca sabba½ kaº¹ambarukkham³le katayamakap±µih±riyasadisa½ ahosi.
Eva½ satth± imin± p±µih±riyena devat±na½ vitakka½ v³pasametv± pallaªkato ²saka½ p±c²nanissite uttaradis±bh±ge µhatv± “imasmi½ vata me pallaªke sabbaññuta½ paµividdhan”ti catt±ri asaªkhyeyy±ni kappasatasahassañca p³rit±na½ p±ram²na½ bal±dhigamaµµh±na½ pallaªka½ bodhirukkhañca animisehi akkh²hi olokayam±no satt±ha½ v²tin±mesi, ta½ µh±na½ animisacetiya½ n±ma j±ta½. Atha satth± pallaªkassa ca µhitaµµh±nassa ca antar± caªkama½ m±petv± puratthimapacchimato ±yate ratanacaªkame caªkamanto satt±ha½ v²tin±mesi. Ta½ µh±na½ ratanacaªkamacetiya½ n±ma j±ta½.
Catutthe pana satt±he bodhito pacchimuttaradis±bh±ge devat± ratanaghara½ m±payi½su. Tattha bhagav± pallaªkena nis²ditv± abhidhammapiµaka½ visesato cettha anantanayasamantapaµµh±na½ vicinanto satt±ha½ v²tin±mesi. ¾bhidhammik± pan±hu– “ratanaghara½ n±ma na sattaratanamaya½ geha½, sattanna½ pana pakaraº±na½ sammasitaµµh±na½ ‘ratanagharan’ti vuccat²”ti. Yasm± panettha ubhopete pariy±yena yujjanti, tasm± ubhayampeta½ gahetabbameva. Tato paµµh±ya pana ta½ µh±na½ ratanagharacetiya½ n±ma j±ta½. Eva½ satth± bodhisam²peyeva catt±ri satt±h±ni v²tin±metv± pañcame satt±he bodhirukkham³l± yena ajap±lanigrodho tenupasaªkami. Tatr±pi dhamma½ vicinanto vimuttisukhañca paµisa½vedento nis²di.
Tasmi½ samaye m±ro p±pim± “ettaka½ k±la½ anubandhanto ot±r±pekkhopi imassa na kiñci khalita½ addasa½, atikkantod±ni esa mama vasan”ti domanassappatto mah±magge nis²ditv± so¼asa k±raº±ni cintento bh³miya½ so¼asa lekh± ±ka¹¹hi– “aha½ eso viya d±nap±rami½ na p³resi½, tenamhi imin± sadiso na j±to”ti eka½ lekha½ ±ka¹¹hi. Tath± “aha½ eso viya s²lap±rami½…pe… nekkhammap±rami½, paññ±p±rami½, v²riyap±rami½, khantip±rami½, saccap±rami½, adhiµµh±nap±rami½, mett±p±rami½, upekkh±p±rami½ na p³resi½, tenamhi imin± sadiso na j±to”ti dasama½ lekha½ ±ka¹¹hi. Tath± “aha½ eso viya as±dh±raºassa indriyaparopariyattañ±ºassa paµivedh±ya upanissayabh³t± dasa p±ramiyo na p³resi½, tenamhi imin± sadiso na j±to”ti ek±dasama½ lekha½ ±ka¹¹hi. Tath± “aha½ eso viya as±dh±raºassa ±say±nusayañ±ºassa…pe… mah±karuº±sam±pattiñ±ºassa, yamakap±µih±riyañ±ºassa, an±varaºañ±ºassa, sabbaññutaññ±ºassa paµivedh±ya upanissayabh³t± dasa p±ramiyo na p³resi½, tenamhi imin± sadiso na j±to”ti so¼asama½ lekha½ ±ka¹¹hi. Eva½ m±ro imehi k±raºehi mah±magge so¼asa lekh± ±ka¹¹hitv± nis²di.
Tasmiñca samaye taºh±, arati, rag± c±ti tisso m±radh²taro (sa½. ni. 1.161) “pit± no na paññ±yati, kaha½ nu kho etarah²”ti olokayam±n± ta½ domanassappatta½ bh³mi½ lekham±na½ nisinna½ disv± pitu santika½ gantv± “kasm±, t±ta, tva½ dukkh² dummano”ti pucchi½su. “Amm±, aya½ mah±samaºo mayha½ vasa½ atikkanto, ettaka½ k±la½ olokento ot±ramassa daµµhu½ n±sakkhi½, tenamhi dukkh² dummano”ti. “Yadi eva½ m± cintayittha, mayameta½ attano vase katv± ±d±ya ±gamiss±m±”ti ±ha½su. “Na sakk±, amm±, esa kenaci vase k±tu½, acal±ya saddh±ya patiµµhito esa puriso”ti. “T±ta, maya½ itthiyo n±ma, id±neva na½ r±gap±s±d²hi bandhitv± ±ness±ma, tumhe m± cintayitth±”ti vatv± bhagavanta½ upasaªkamitv± “p±de te, samaºa paric±rem±”ti ±ha½su. Bhagav± neva t±sa½ vacana½ manasi ak±si, na akkh²ni umm²letv± olokesi, anuttare upadhisaªkhaye vimuttiy± vivekasukhaññeva anubhavanto nis²di.
Puna m±radh²taro “ucc±vac± kho puris±na½ adhipp±y±, kesañci kum±rik±su pema½ hoti, kesañci paµhamavaye µhit±su, kesañci majjhimavaye µhit±su, kesañci pacchimavaye µhit±su, ya½n³na maya½ n±nappak±rehi r³pehi palobhetv± gaºheyy±m±”ti ekamek± kum±rikavaºº±divasena saka½ saka½ attabh±va½ abhinimminitv± kum±rik±, avij±t±, saki½vij±t±, duvij±t±, majjhimitthiyo, mahitthiyo ca hutv± chakkhattu½ bhagavanta½ upasaªkamitv± “p±de te, samaºa, paric±rem±”ti ±ha½su. Tampi bhagav± na manas±k±si, yath± ta½ anuttare upadhisaªkhaye vimutto. Keci pan±cariy± vadanti– “t± mahitthibh±vena upagat± disv± bhagav±– ‘et± khaº¹adant± palitakes± hont³’ti adhiµµh±s²”ti. Ta½ na gahetabba½. Na hi bhagav± evar³pa½ adhiµµh±na½ ak±si. Bhagav± pana “apetha tumhe, ki½ disv± eva½ v±yamatha, evar³pa½ n±ma av²tar±g±d²na½ purato k±tu½ vaµµati. Tath±gatassa pana r±go pah²no, doso pah²no, moho pah²no”ti attano kilesappah±na½ ±rabbha–
“Yassa jita½ n±vaj²yati, jitamassa noy±ti koci loke;
ta½ buddhamanantagocara½, apada½ kena padena nessatha.
“Yassa j±lin² visattik±, taºh± natthi kuhiñci netave;
ta½ buddhamanantagocara½, apada½ kena padena nessath±”ti. (Dha. pa. 179-180)–

Im± dhammapade buddhavagge dve g±th± vadanto dhamma½ desesi. T± “sacca½ kira no pit± avoca, ‘araha½ sugato loke, na r±gena suv±nayo”’ti-±d²ni (sa½. ni. 1.161) vatv± pitu santika½ ±gami½su.

Bhagav±pi tattheva satt±ha½ v²tin±metv± tato mucalindam³la½ agam±si. Tattha satt±havaddalik±ya uppann±ya s²t±dipaµib±hanattha½ mucalindena n±ma n±gar±jena sattakkhattu½ bhogehi parikkhitto asamb±dh±ya gandhakuµiya½ viharanto viya vimuttisukha½ paµisa½vediyam±no satt±ha½ v²tin±metv± r±j±yatana½ upasaªkamitv± tatthapi vimuttisukha½ paµisa½vediyam±noyeva satt±ha½ v²tin±mesi. Ett±vat± satta satt±h±ni paripuºº±ni. Etthantare neva mukhadhovana½, na sar²rapaµijaggana½ na ±h±rakicca½ ahosi, jh±nasukhaphalasukheneva ca v²tin±mesi.
Athassa tasmi½ sattasatt±hamatthake ek³napaññ±satime divase tattha nisinnassa “mukha½ dhoviss±m²”ti citta½ udap±di. Sakko dev±namindo agadahar²taka½ ±haritv± ad±si, satth± ta½ paribhuñji, tenassa sar²rava¼añjo ahosi. Athassa sakkoyeva n±galat±dantakaµµhañceva mukhadhovanodakañca ad±si. Satth± ta½ dantakaµµha½ kh±ditv±va anotattadahodakena mukha½ dhovitv± tattheva r±j±yatanam³le nis²di.
Tasmi½ samaye tapussa bhallik± n±ma dve v±ºij± pañcahi sakaµasatehi ukkal± janapad± majjhimadesa½ gacchant± pubbe attano ñ±tis±lohit±ya devat±ya sakaµ±ni sannirumbhitv± satthu ±h±rasamp±dane uss±hit± manthañca madhupiº¹ikañca ±d±ya– “paµiggaºh±tu no, bhante, bhagav± ima½ ±h±ra½ anukampa½ up±d±y±”ti satth±ra½ upan±metv± aµµha½su. Bhagav± p±y±sapaµiggahaºadivaseyeva pattassa antarahitatt± “na kho tath±gat± hatthesu paµiggaºhanti, kimhi nu kho aha½ paµiggaºheyyan”ti cintesi. Athassa citta½ ñatv± cat³hi dis±hi catt±ro mah±r±j±no indan²lamaºimaye patte upan±mesu½, bhagav± te paµikkhipi. Puna muggavaººaselamaye catt±ro patte upan±mesu½. Bhagav± catunnampi mah±r±j±na½ saddh±nurakkhaºatth±ya catt±ropi patte paµiggahetv± upar³pari µhapetv± “eko hot³”ti adhiµµh±si. Catt±ropi mukhavaµµiya½ paññ±yam±nalekh± hutv± majjhimappam±ºena ekatta½ upagami½su. Bhagav± tasmi½ paccagghe selamaye patte ±h±ra½ paµiggahetv± paribhuñjitv± anumodana½ ak±si. Te dve bh±taro v±ºij± buddhañca dhammañca saraºa½ gantv± dvev±cik± up±sak± ahesu½. Atha nesa½ “eka½ no, bhante, paricaritabbaµµh±na½ deth±”ti vadant±na½ dakkhiºahatthena attano s²sa½ par±masitv± kesadh±tuyo ad±si. Te attano nagare t± dh±tuyo suvaººasamuggassa anto pakkhipitv± cetiya½ patiµµh±pesu½.
Samm±sambuddho pana tato vuµµh±ya puna ajap±lanigrodhameva gantv± nigrodham³le nis²di. Athassa tattha nisinnamattasseva attan± adhigatadhammassa gambh²rata½ paccavekkhantassa sabbabuddh±na½ ±ciººo– “kicchena adhigato kho my±ya½ dhammo”ti paresa½ adesetuk±mat±k±rappatto vitakko udap±di. Atha kho brahm± sahampati “nassati vata bho loko, vinassati vata bho loko”ti dasahi cakkav±¼asahassehi sakkasuy±masantusitanimm±narativasavattimah±brahm±no ±d±ya satthu santika½ ±gantv± “desetu, bhante, bhagav± dhamman”ti-±din± nayena dhammadesana½ ±y±ci.
Satth± tassa paµiñña½ datv± “kassa nu kho aha½ paµhama½ dhamma½ deseyyan”ti cintento “±¼±ro paº¹ito, so ima½ dhamma½ khippa½ ±j±nissat²”ti citta½ upp±detv± puna olokento tassa satt±hak±laªkatabh±va½ ñatv± udaka½ ±vajjesi. Tass±pi abhidosak±laªkatabh±va½ ñatv± “bah³pak±r± kho me pañcavaggiy± bhikkh³”ti pañcavaggiye ±rabbha manasi katv± “kaha½ nu kho te etarahi viharant²”ti ±vajjento “b±r±ºasiya½ isipatane migad±ye”ti ñatv± katip±ha½ bodhimaº¹as±mant±yeva piº¹±ya caranto viharitv± “±s±¼hipuººam±ya½ b±r±ºasi½ gantv± dhammacakka½ pavattess±m²”ti pakkhassa c±tuddasiya½ pacc³sasamaye paccuµµh±ya pabh±t±ya rattiy± k±lasseva pattac²varam±d±ya aµµh±rasayojanamagga½ paµipanno antar±magge upaka½ n±ma ±j²vaka½ disv± tassa attano buddhabh±va½ ±cikkhitv± ta½ divasameva s±yanhasamaye isipatana½ samp±puºi.
Pañcavaggiy± tath±gata½ d³ratova ±gacchanta½ disv± “aya½ ±vuso, samaºo gotamo paccayab±hull±ya ±vattitv± paripuººak±yo p²ºindriyo suvaººavaººo hutv± ±gacchati. Imassa vandan±d²ni na kariss±ma, mah±kulappasuto kho panesa ±san±bhih±ra½ arahati, tenassa ±sanamatta½ paññ±pess±m±”ti katika½ aka½su. Bhagav± sadevakassa lokassa citt±c±raj±nanasamatthena ñ±ºena “ki½ nu kho ime cintayi½s³”ti ±vajjetv± citta½ aññ±si. Atha tesu sabbadevamanussesu anodissakavasena pharaºasamattha½ mettacitta½ saªkhipitv± odissakavasena mettacittena phari. Te bhagavat± mettacittena sa½phuµµh± tath±gate upasaªkamante sak±ya katik±ya saºµh±tu½ asakkont± paccuggantv± abhiv±dan±d²ni sabbakicc±ni aka½su. Samm±sambuddhabh±va½ panassa aj±nant± kevala½ n±mena ca ±vusov±dena ca samud±cari½su.