2. P±r±pariyattherag±th±vaººan±

Samaºassa ahu cint±ti-±dik± ±yasmato p±r±pariyattherassa g±th±. K± uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu kat±dhik±ro tattha tattha bhave vivaµµ³panissaya½ kusala½ upacinitv± sugat²suyeva sa½saranto imasmi½ buddhupp±de s±vatthiya½ aññatarassa br±hmaºamah±s±lassa putto hutv± nibbatti. Tassa vayappattassa gottavasena p±r±pariyotveva samaññ± ahosi. So tayo vede uggahetv± br±hmaºasippesu nipphatti½ gato. Ekadivasa½ satthu dhammadesan±k±le jetavanavih±ra½ gantv± parisapariyante nis²di. Satth± tassa ajjh±saya½ oloketv± indriyabh±van±sutta½ (ma. ni. 3.453) desesi. So ta½ sutv± paµiladdhasaddho pabbaji. Ta½ sutta½ uggahetv± tadatthamanucintesi. Yath± pana anucintesi, sv±yamattho g±th±su eva ±vi bhavissati. So tath± anuvicintento ±yatanamukhena vipassana½ paµµhapetv± nacirasseva arahatta½ patto. Aparabh±ge attan± cintit±k±ra½ pak±sento–

726. “Samaºassa ahu cint±, p±r±pariyassa bhikkhuno;

ekakassa nisinnassa, pavivittassa jh±yino.

727. “Kim±nupubba½ puriso, ki½ vata½ ki½ sam±c±ra½;

attano kiccak±r²ssa, na ca kañci viheµhaye.

728. “Indriy±ni manuss±na½, hit±ya ahit±ya ca;

arakkhit±ni ahit±ya, rakkhit±ni hit±ya ca.

729. “Indriy±neva s±rakkha½, indriy±ni ca gopaya½;

attano kiccak±r²ssa, na ca kañci viheµhaye.

730. “Cakkhundriya½ ce r³pesu, gacchanta½ aniv±raya½;

an±d²navadass±v², so dukkh± na hi muccati.

731. “Sotindriya½ ce saddesu, gacchanta½ aniv±raya½;

an±d²navadass±v², so dukkh± na hi muccati.

732. “Anissaraºadass±v², gandhe ce paµisevati;

na so muccati dukkhamh±, gandhesu adhimucchito.

733. “Ambila½ madhuraggañca, tittakaggamanussara½;

rasataºh±ya gadhito, hadaya½ n±vabujjhati.

734. “Subh±nyappaµik³l±ni phoµµhabb±ni anussara½;

ratto r±g±dhikaraºa½, vividha½ vindate dukha½.

735. “Mana½ cetehi dhammehi, yo na sakkoti rakkhitu½;

tato na½ dukkhamanveti, sabbehetehi pañcahi.

736. “Pubbalohitasampuººa½, bahussa kuºapassa ca;

narav²rakata½ vaggu½, samuggamiva cittita½.

737. “Kaµuka½ madhurass±da½, piyanibandhana½ dukha½;

khura½va madhun± litta½, ulliha½ n±vabujjhati.

738. “Itthir³pe itthisare, phoµµhabbepi ca itthiy±;

itthigandhesu s±ratto, vividha½ vindate dukha½.

739. “Itthisot±ni sabb±ni, sandanti pañca pañcasu;

tesam±varaºa½ k±tu½, yo sakkoti v²riyav±.

740. “So atthav± so dhammaµµho, so dakkho so vicakkhaºo;

kareyya ramam±nopi, kicca½ dhammatthasa½hita½.

741. “Atho s²dati saññutta½, vajje kicca½ niratthaka½;

na ta½ kiccanti maññitv±, appamatto vicakkhaºo.

742. “Yañca atthena saññutta½, y± ca dhammagat± rati;

ta½ sam±d±ya vattetha, s± hi ve uttam± rati.

743. “Ucc±vacehup±yehi, paresamabhijig²sati;

hantv± vadhitv± atha socayitv±, ±lopati s±has± yo paresa½.

744. “Tacchanto ±ºiy± ±ºi½, nihanti balav± yath±;

indriy±nindriyeheva, nihanti kusalo tath±.

745. “Saddha½ v²riya½ sam±dhiñca, satipaññañca bh±vaya½;

pañca pañcahi hantv±na, an²gho y±ti br±hmaºo.

746. “So atthav± so dhammaµµho, katv± v±ky±nus±sani½;

sabbena sabba½ buddhassa, so naro sukhamedhat²”ti.– Im± g±th± abh±si.

Tattha samaºass±ti pabbajitassa. Ah³ti ahosi. Cint±ti dhammacint± dhammavic±raº±. P±r±pariyass±ti p±r±paragottassa. “P±r±cariyass±”tipi paµhanti. Bhikkhunoti sa½s±re bhaya½ ikkhanas²lassa. Ekakass±ti asah±yassa, etena k±yaviveka½ dasseti. Pavivittass±ti pavivekahetun± kiles±na½ vikkhambhanena viveka½ ±raddhassa, etena cittaviveka½ dasseti. Ten±ha “jh±yino”ti. Jh±yinoti jh±yanas²lassa, yonisomanasik±resu yuttass±ti attho. Sabbameta½ thero att±na½ para½ viya katv± vadati.

“Kim±nupubban”ti-±din± ta½ cintana½ dasseti. Tattha paµhamag±th±ya½ t±va kim±nupubbanti anupubba½ anukkamo, anupubbameva vakkham±nesu vatasam±c±resu ko anukkamo, kena anukkamena te paµipajjitabb±ti attho. Puriso ki½ vata½ ki½ sam±c±ranti atthak±mo puriso sam±diyitabbaµµhena “vatan”ti laddhan±ma½, k²disa½ s²la½ sam±c±ra½, sam±caranto, attano kiccak±r² kattabbak±r² assa, kañci satta½ na ca viheµhaye, na b±dheyy±ti attho. Attano kicca½ n±ma samaºadhammo, saªkhepato s²lasam±dhipaññ±, ta½ samp±dentassa paraviheµhan±ya lesopi natthi t±ya sati samaºabh±vasseva abh±vato.

Yath±ha bhagav±– “na hi pabbajito par³pagh±t², na samaºo hoti para½ viheµhayanto”ti (dha. pa. 184). Ettha ca vataggahaºena v±rittas²la½ gahita½, sam±c±raggahaºena sam±caritabbato c±rittas²lena saddhi½ jh±navipassan±di, tasm± v±rittas²la½ padh±na½. Tatth±pi ca yasm± indriyasa½vare siddhe sabba½ s²la½ surakkhita½, sugopitameva hoti, tasm± indriyasa½varas²la½ t±va dassetuk±mo indriy±na½ arakkhaºe rakkhaºe ca ±d²nav±nisa½se vibh±vento “indriy±ni manuss±nan”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha indriy±n²ti rakkhitabbadhammanidassana½, tasm± cakkh±d²ni cha indriy±n²ti vutta½ hoti. Manuss±nanti rakkhaºayogyapuggalanidassana½. Hit±y±ti atth±ya. Ahit±y±ti anatth±ya. Hont²ti vacanaseso. Katha½ pana t±niyeva hit±ya ca ahit±ya hont²ti ±ha “rakkhit±n²”ti-±di. Tassattho– yassa cakkh±d²ni indriy±ni satikav±µena apihit±ni, tassa r³p±d²su abhijjh±dip±padhammapavattiy± dv±rabh±vato anatth±ya pihit±ni, tadabh±vato atth±ya sa½vattant²ti.

Indriy±neva s±rakkhanti yasm± indriyasa½varo paripuººo s²lasampada½ parip³reti, s²lasampad± paripuºº± sam±dhisampada½ parip³reti, sam±dhisampad± paripuºº± paññ±sampada½ parip³reti, tasm± indriy±rakkh± attahitapaµipattiy±va m³lanti dassento ±ha “indriy±neva s±rakkhan”ti. Satipubbaªgamena ±rakkhena sa½rakkhanto yonisomanasik±rena indriy±ni eva t±va sammadeva rakkhanto, yath± akusalacor± tehi tehi dv±rehi pavisitv± cittasant±ne kusala½ bhaº¹a½ na vilumpanti, tath± t±ni pidahantoti attho. S±rakkhanti ca sa½-saddassa s±bh±va½ katv± vutta½, “s±r±go”ti-±d²su viya. “Sa½rakkhan”ti ca p±µho. Indriy±ni ca gopayanti tasseva pariy±yavacana½, pariy±yavacane payojana½ netti-aµµhakath±ya½ vuttanayeneva veditabba½. “Attano kiccak±r²ss±”ti imin± attahitapaµipatti½ dasseti, “na ca kañci viheµhaye”ti imin± parahitapaµipatti½, ubhayen±pi v± attahitapaµipattimeva dasseti par±viheµhanass±pi attahitapaµipattibh±vato. Atha v± padadvayenapi attahitapaµipatti½ dasseti puthujjanassa sekkhassa ca parahitapaµipattiy±pi attahitapaµipattibh±vato.

Eva½ rakkhit±ni indriy±ni hit±ya hont²ti vod±napakkha½ saªkhepeneva dassetv±, arakkhit±ni ahit±ya hont²ti sa½kilesapakkha½ pana vibhajitv± dassento “cakkhundriya½ ce”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha cakkhundriya½ ce r³pesu, gacchanta½ aniv±raya½. An±d²navadass±v²ti yo n²lap²t±dibhedesu iµµh±niµµhesu r³p±yatanesu gacchanta½ yath±ruci pavattanta½ cakkhundriya½ aniv±raya½, aniv±rayanto appaµib±hanto tath±pavattiya½ ±d²navadass±v² na hoti ce, diµµhadhammika½ sampar±yikañca ±d²nava½ dosa½ na passati ce “Gacchanta½ niv±raye anissaraºadass±v²”ti ca p±µho. Tattha yo “diµµhe diµµhamatta½ bhavissat²”ti (sa½. ni. 4.95) vuttavidhin± diµµhamatteyeva µhatv± satisampajaññavasena r³p±yatane pavattam±no tattha nissaraºadass±v² n±ma. Vuttavipariy±yena anissaraºadass±v² daµµhabbo. So dukkh± na hi muccat²ti so evar³po puggalo vaµµadukkhato na muccateva. Ettha ca cakkhundriyassa aniv±raºa½ n±ma yath± tena dv±rena abhijjh±dayo p±padhamm± anv±ssaveyyu½, tath± pavattana½, ta½ pana atthato satisampajaññassa anuµµh±pana½ daµµhabba½. Sesindriyesupi eseva nayo. Adhimucchitoti adhimuttataºh±ya muccha½ ±panno. Ambilanti ambilarasa½. Madhuragganti madhurarasakoµµh±sa½. Tath± tittakagga½. Anussaranti ass±davasena ta½ ta½ rasa½ anuvicintento. Ganthitoti rasataºh±ya tasmi½ tasmi½ rase ganthito bandho. “Gadhito”ti ca paµhanti, gedha½ ±pannoti attho. Hadaya½ n±vabujjhat²ti “dukkhassanta½ kariss±m²”ti pabbajj±dikkhaºe uppanna½ citta½ na j±n±ti na sallakkheti s±sanassa hadaya½ abbhantara½ anavajjadhamm±na½ sammaddanarasataºh±ya gadhito n±vabujjhati na j±n±ti, na paµipajjat²ti attho.

Subh±n²ti sundar±ni. Appaµik³l±n²ti manoram±ni, iµµh±ni. Phoµµhabb±n²ti up±diºº±nup±diººappabhede phasse. Rattoti rajjanasabh±vena r±gena ratto. R±g±dhikaraºanti r±gahetu. Vividha½ vindate dukhanti r±gapari¼±h±divasena diµµhadhammikañca nirayasant±p±divasena abhisampar±yañca n±nappak±ra½ dukkha½ paµilabhati.

Mana½ ceteh²ti manañca etehi r³p±rammaº±d²hi dhamm±rammaºappabhedehi ca. Nanti puggala½. Sabbeh²ti sabbehi pañcahipi. Ida½ vutta½ hoti– yo puggalo mana½, manodv±ra½, etehi yath±vuttehi r³p±d²hi pañcahi dhammehi dhamm±rammaºappabhedato ca. Tattha pavattanakap±pakammaniv±raºena rakkhitu½, gopitu½ na sakkoti, tato tassa arakkhaºato na½ puggala½ ta½nimitta½ dukkha½ anveti, anugacchati, anugacchantañca etehi pañcahipi r³p±rammaº±d²hi chaµµh±rammaºena saddhi½ sabbehipi ±rammaºappaccayabh³tehi anugacchat²ti. Ettha cakkhundriya½, sotindriyañca asampattagg±hibh±vato “gacchanta½ aniv±rayan”ti vutta½ itara½ sampattagg±h²ti “gandhe ce paµisevat²”ti-±din± vutta½. Tatth±pi ca rasataºh± ca phoµµhabbataºh± ca satt±na½ visesato balavat²ti “rasataºh±ya gadhito, phoµµhabb±ni anussarantoti” vuttanti daµµhabba½.

Eva½ aguttadv±rassa puggalassa chahi dv±rehi chasupi ±rammaºesu asa½varanimitta½ uppajjanakadukkha½ dassetv± sv±yamasa½varo yasm± sar²rasabh±v±navabodhena hoti, tasm± sar²rasabh±va½ vicinanto “pubbalohitasampuººan”ti-±din± g±th±dvayam±ha. Tassattho sar²ra½ n±meta½ pubbena lohitena ca sampuººa½ bharita½ aññena ca pittasemh±din± bahun± kuºapena, tayida½ narav²rena naresu chekena sipp±cariyena kata½ vaggu maµµha½ l±kh±parikamm±din± cittita½, anto pana g³th±di-asucibharita½ samugga½ viya chavimattamanohara½ b±lajanasammoha½ dukkhasabh±vat±ya niray±didukkhat±panato ca kaµuka½, parikappasambhavena am³lakena ass±damattena madhurat±ya madhurass±da½, tato eva piyabh±vanibandhanena piyanibandhana½, dussahat±ya appat²tat±ya ca dukha½, ²dise sar²re ass±dalobhena mah±dukkha½ paccanubhuyyam±na½ anavabujjhanto loko madhuragiddho khuradh±r±lehakapuriso viya daµµhabboti.

Id±ni ete cakkh±d²na½ gocarabh³t± r³p±dayo vutt±, te visesato purisassa itthipaµibaddh± kaman²y±ti tattha sa½varo k±tabboti dassento “itthir³pe”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha itthir³peti itthiy± catusamuµµh±nikar³p±yatanasaªkh±te vaººe. Api ca yo koci itthiy± nivatthassa alaªk±rassa v± gandhavaººak±d²na½ v± pi¼andhanam±l±na½ v± k±yapaµibaddho vaººo purisassa cakkhuviññ±ºassa ±rammaºabh±v±ya upakappati, sabbameta½ “itthir³pan”tveva veditabba½. Itthisareti itthiy± g²talapitahasitaruditasadde. Api ca itthiy± nivatthavatthassapi alaªkata-alaªk±rassapi itthipayoganipph±dit± veºuv²º±saªkhapaºav±d²nampi sadd± idha itthisaraggahaºena gahit±ti veditabb±. Sabbopeso purisassa citta½ ±ka¹¹hat²ti. “Itthirase”ti pana p±¼iy± catusamuµµh±nikaras±yatanavasena vutta½. Itthiy± ki½k±rapaµiss±vit±divasena assavaraso ceva paribhogaraso ca itthirasoti eke. Yo pana itthiy± oµµhama½sasammakkhitakhe¼±diraso, yo ca t±ya purisassa dinnay±gubhatt±d²na½ raso, sabbopeso “itthiraso”tveva veditabbo. Phoµµhabbepi ca itthiy± k±yasamphasso, itthisar²r±r³¼h±na½ vatth±laªk±ram±l±d²na½ phasso “itthiphoµµhabbo”tveva veditabbo. Ettha ca yesa½ itthir³pe itthisareti p±¼i, tesa½ api-saddena itthirasasaªgaho daµµhabbo. Itthigandhes³ti itthiy± catusamuµµh±nikagandh±yatanesu. Itthiy± sar²ragandho n±ma duggandho. Ekacc± hi itth² assagandhin² hoti, ekacc± meº¹agandhin², ekacc± sedagandhin², ekacc± soºitagandhin², tath±pi t±su andhab±lo rajjateva. Cakkavattino pana itthiratanassa k±yato candanagandho v±yati, mukhato uppalagandho, aya½ na sabb±sa½ hot²ti, itthiy± sar²re ±r³¼ho ±gantuko anulimpan±digandho “itthigandho”ti veditabbo. S±rattoti suµµhu ratto gadhito mucchito, ida½ pana pada½ “itthir³pe”ti-±d²supi yojetabba½. Vividha½ vindate dukhanti itthir³p±d²su sar±ganimitta½ diµµhadhammika½ vadhabandhan±divasena sampar±yika½ pañcavidhabandhan±divasena n±nappak±ra½ dukkha½ paµilabhati.

Itthisot±ni sabb±n²ti itthiy± r³p±di-±rammaº±ni sabb±ni anavases±ni pañca taºh±sot±ni sandanti. Pañcas³ti purisassa pañcasu dv±resu. Tesanti tesa½ pañcanna½ sot±na½. ¾varaºanti sa½varaºa½, yath± asa½varo na uppajjati, eva½ satisampajañña½ paccupaµµhapetv± sa½vara½ pavattetu½ yo sakkoti, so v²riyav± ±raddhav²riyo akusal±na½ dhamm±na½ pah±n±ya kusal±na½ dhamm±na½ upasampad±y±ti attho.

Eva½ r³p±digocare pabbajitassa paµipatti½ dassetv± id±ni gahaµµhassa dassetu½ “so atthav±”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha so atthav± so dhammaµµho, so dakkho so vicakkhaºoti so puggalo imasmi½ loke atthav±, buddhim±, dhamme µhito, dhamme dakkho, dhamme cheko, analaso v± vicakkhaºo iti kattabbat±su kusalo n±ma. Kareyya ramam±nopi, kicca½ dhammatthasa½hitanti geharatiy± ramam±nopi dhammatthasa½hita½ dhammato atthato ca anapetameva ta½ ta½ kattabba½. Anuppann±na½ bhog±na½ upp±dana½, uppann±na½ parip±lana½, paribhogañca kareyya, aññamañña½, avirodhena, aññamañña½, ab±dhanena, tivaggattha½ anuyuñjeyy±ti adhipp±yo Ayañca nayo yesa½ samm±paµipatti-avirodhena tivaggatthassa vasena vattati bimbis±ramah±r±j±d²na½ viya, tesa½ vasena vutto. Na yesa½ kesañci vasen±ti daµµhabba½.

Atho s²dati saññuttanti yadi idhaloke supasa½hita½ diµµhadhammika½ attha½ pariggahetv± µhita½. Vajje kicca½ niratthakanti sampar±yikattharahita½ anatthupasa½hita½ kicca½ sacepi vissajjeyya pariccajeyya. Na ta½ kiccanti maññitv±, appamatto vicakkhaºoti sati-avippav±sena appamatto vic±raºapaññ±sambhavena vicakkhaºo anatthupasa½hita½, ta½ kicca½ may± na k±tabbanti maññitv± vivajjeyya.

Vivajjetv± pana yañca atthena saññutta½, y± ca dhammagat± rati. Ta½ sam±d±ya vatteth±ti ya½kiñci diµµhadhammikasampar±yikappabhedena atthena hitena sa½yutta½ tadubhayahit±vaha½, y± ca adhikusaladhammagat± samathavipassan±sahit± rati, tadubhaya½ samm± ±diyitv± pariggaha½ katv± vatteyya. “Sabba½ rati½ dhammarati jin±t²”ti (dha. pa. 354) vacanato s± hi eka½sena uttamatthassa p±panato uttam± rati n±ma.

Ya½ pana k±maratisa½yutta½ kicca½ niratthakanti vutta½, tass± anatthupasa½hitabh±va½ dassetu½ “ucc±vaceh²”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha ucc±vaceh²ti mahantehi ceva khuddakehi ca. Up±yeh²ti nayehi. Paresamabhijig²sat²ti paresa½ santaka½ ±haritu½ icchati, pare v± sabbath± h±peti, jin±peti para½ hantv±, vadhitv± atha socayitv±, ±lopati s±has± yo paresa½. Ida½ vutta½ hoti– yo puggalo k±mahetu pare hananto, gh±tento, socento sandhicchedasandhiruhanapasayh±vah±r±d²hi n±nup±yehi paresa½ santaka½ haritu½ v±yamanto s±has±k±ra½ karoti, ±lopati, jig²sati s±pateyyavasena pare h±peti, tassa ta½ kicca½ k±maratisannissita½ anatthupasa½hita½ ekantanih²nanti. Etena tappaµipakkhato dhammagat±ya ratiy± eka½sato uttamabh±va½yeva vibh±veti.

Id±ni ya½ “tesam±varaºa½ k±tu½ yo sakkot²”ti indriy±na½ ±varaºa½ vutta½, ta½ up±yena saha vibh±vento “tacchanto ±ºiy± ±ºi½ nihanti balav± yath±”ti ±ha. Yath± balav± k±yabalena, ñ±ºabalena ca samann±gato tacchako rukkhadaº¹agata½ ±ºi½ n²harituk±mo tato balavati½ ±ºi½ koµento tato n²harati, tath± kusalo bhikkhu cakkh±d²ni indriy±ni vipassan±balena nihantuk±mo indriyehi eva nihanti.

Katamehi pan±ti ±ha “saddhan”ti-±di. Tassattho– adhimokkhalakkhaºa½ saddha½, paggahalakkhaºa½ v²riya½, avikkhepalakkhaºa½ sam±dhi½, upaµµh±nalakkhaºa½ sati½, dassanalakkhaºa½ paññanti im±nipi vimuttiparip±cak±ni pañcindriy±ni bh±vento va¹¹hento etehi pañcahi indriyehi cakkh±d²ni pañcindriy±ni anunayapaµigh±dikilesuppattiy± dv±rabh±vavihanena hantv±, ariyamaggena tadupanissaye kilese samucchinditv±, tato eva an²gho niddukkho br±hmaºo anup±disesaparinibb±nameva y±ti upagacchat²ti.

So atthav±ti so yath±vutto br±hmaºo uttamatthena samann±gatatt± atthav±, ta½ samp±pake dhamme µhitatt± dhammaµµho. Sabbena sabba½ anavasesena vidhin± anavasesa½ buddhassa bhagavato v±kyabh³ta½ anus±sani½ katv± yath±nusiµµha½ paµipajjitv± µhito. Tato eva so naro uttamapuriso nibb±nasukhañca edhati, br³heti, va¹¹het²ti.

Eva½ therena attano cintit±k±ravibh±van±vasena paµipattiy± pak±sitatt± idameva cassa aññ±by±karaºa½ daµµhabba½.

P±r±pariyattherag±th±vaººan± niµµhit±.