2. Godattattherag±th±vaººan±

Yath±pi bhaddoti-±dik± ±yasmato godattattherassa g±th±. K± uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu kat±dhik±ro tattha tattha bhave vivaµµ³panissaya½ kusala½ upacinitv± devamanussesu sa½saranto imasmi½ buddhupp±de s±vatthiya½ satthav±hakule nibbatto. Godattoti n±mena vayappatto pitari k±laªkate kuµumba½ saºµhapento pañcahi sakaµasatehi bhaº¹a½ ±d±ya apar±para½ sañcaritv± v±ºijjena j²vika½ kappeti yath±vibhava½ puññ±nipi karoti. So ekadivasa½ antar±magge dhure yuttagoºe vahitu½ asakkonte patite manussesu ta½ vuµµh±petu½ asakkontesu sayameva gantv± ta½ naªguµµhe g±¼ha½ vijjhi. Goºo “aya½ asappuriso mama bal±bala½ aj±nanto g±¼ha½ vijjhat²”ti kuddho manussav±c±ya, “bho godatta, aha½ ettaka½ k±la½ attano bala½ aniguhanto tuyha½ bh±ra½ vahi½, ajja pana asamatthabh±vena patita½ ma½ ativiya b±dhasi, hotu, ito cavitv± nibbattanibbattaµµh±ne ta½ b±dhetu½ samattho paµisattu bhaveyyan”ti patthan±nur³pena akkosi. Ta½ sutv± godatto “eva½ n±ma satte b±dhetv± ki½ im±ya j²vik±y±”ti sa½vegaj±to sabba½ vibhava½ pah±ya aññatarassa mah±therassa santike pabbajitv± vipassan±ya kamma½ karonto nacirasseva arahatta½ patv± sam±pattisukhena v²tin±mento ekadivasa½ attano santika½ upagat±na½ gahaµµhapabbajit±na½ ariyagaº±na½ lokadhamme ±rabbha dhamma½ kathento–
659. “Yath±pi bhaddo ±jañño, dhure yutto dhurassaho;
mathito atibh±rena, sa½yuga½ n±tivattati.
660. “Eva½ paññ±ya ye titt±, samuddo v±rin± yath±;
na pare atimaññanti, ariyadhammova p±ºina½.
661. “K±le k±lavasa½ patt±, bhav±bhavavasa½ gat±;
nar± dukkha½ nigacchanti, tedha socanti m±ºav±.
662. “Unnat± sukhadhammena, dukkhadhammena conat±;
dvayena b±l± haññanti, yath±bh³ta½ adassino.
663. “Ye ca dukkhe sukhasmiñca, majjhe sibbinimaccag³;
µhit± te indakh²lova, na te unnata-onat±.
664. “Na heva l±bhe n±l±bhe, na yase na ca kittiy±;
na nind±ya½ pasa½s±ya, na te dukkhe sukhamhi ca.
665. “Sabbattha te na limpanti, udabinduva pokkhare;
sabbattha sukhit± dh²r±, sabbattha apar±jit±.
666. “Dhammena ca al±bho yo, yo ca l±bho adhammiko;
al±bho dhammiko seyyo, yañce l±bho adhammiko.
667. “Yaso ca appabuddh²na½, viññ³na½ ayaso ca yo;
ayasova seyyo viññ³na½, na yaso appabuddhina½.
668. “Dummedhehi pasa½s± ca, viññ³hi garah± ca y±;
garah±va seyyo viññ³hi, yañce b±lappasa½san±.
669. “Sukhañca k±mamayika½, dukkhañca pavivekiya½;
pavivekadukkha½ seyyo, yañce k±mamaya½ sukha½.
670. “J²vitañca adhammena, dhammena maraºañca ya½;
maraºa½ dhammika½ seyyo, yañce j²ve adhammika½.
671. “K±makopappah²n± ye, santacitt± bhav±bhave;
caranti loke asit±, natthi tesa½ piy±piya½.
672. “Bh±vayitv±na bojjhaªge, indriy±ni bal±ni ca;
pappuyya parama½ santi½, parinibbantin±sav±”ti.– Im± g±th± abh±si.
Tattha ±jaññoti, usabh±j±n²yo. Dhure yuttoti, sakaµadhure yojito. Dhurassahoti, dhurav±ho. G±th±sukhatthañcettha dvisak±rato niddeso kato, sakaµabh±ra½ vahitu½ samatthoti attho. Mathito atibh±ren±ti, atibh±rena garubh±rena p²¼ito. “Maddito”tipi p±¼i, so evattho. Sa½yuganti, attano khandhe µhapita½ yuga½ n±tivattati na atikk±meti, samm± yo uddharitv± dhura½ cha¹¹etv± na tiµµhati. Evanti yath± so dhorayho attano bhadr±j±n²yat±ya attano dh²rav²rat±ya attano bh±ra½ n±tivattati na pariccajati, eva½ ye v±rin± viya mah±samuddo lokiyalokuttar±ya paññ±ya titt± dh±t± paripuºº±, te pare nih²napaññe na atimaññanti, na paribhavanti. Tattha k±raºam±ha “ariyadhammova p±ºinan”ti, p±ºina½ sattesu aya½ ariy±na½ dhammo yadida½ tesa½ paññ±ya p±rip³ri½ gatatt± l±bh±din± att±nukka½sana½ viya al±bh±din± paresa½ avambhana½.
Eva½ paññ±p±rip³riy± ariy±na½ sukhavih±ra½ dassetv± tadabh±vato anariy±na½ dukkhavih±ra½ dassetu½ “k±le”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha k±leti l±bh±l±bh±din± samaªg²bh³tak±le. K±lavasa½ patt±ti l±bh±dik±lassa ca vasa½ upagat±, l±bh±din± somanassit± al±bh±din± ca domanassit±ti attho. Bhav±bhavavasa½ gat±ti bhavassa abhavassa ca vasa½ upagat± vuddhih±niyo anuvattant± te. Nar± dukkha½ nigacchanti, tedha socanti m±ºav±ti te nar± “m±ºav±”ti laddhan±m± satt± l±bh±l±bh±divasena vuddhih±nivasena anurodhapaµivirodha½ ±pann± idhaloke socanti, paraloke ca niray±didukkha½ gacchanti p±puºant²ti attho.
“Unnat±”ti-±din±pi lokadhammavasena satt±na½ anatthappattimeva dasseti. Tattha unnat± sukhadhammen±ti sukhahetun± sukhapaccayena bhogasampatti-±din± unnati½ gat±, bhogamad±din± matt±ti attho. Dukkhadhammena conat±ti dukkhahetun± dukkhapaccayena bhogavipatti-±din± nih²nata½ gat± d±liddiy±din± k±paññata½ patt±. Dvayen±ti yath±vuttena unnati-onatidvayena l±bh±l±bh±didvayena v± b±laputhujjan± haññanti, anurodhapaµivirodhavasena vib±dh²yanti p²¼iyanti. Kasm±? Yath±bh³ta½ adassino yasm± te dhammasabh±va½ y±th±vato nabbhañña½su, pariññ±takkhandh± pah²nakiles± ca na honti, tasm±ti attho. “Yath±bh³ta½ adassan±”tipi paµhanti, adassanahet³ti attho. Ye ca dukkhe sukhasmiñca, majjhe sibbinimaccag³ti ye pana ariy± dukkhavedan±ya sukhavedan±ya majjhattat±vedan±ya ca tappaµibaddha½ chandar±gabh³ta½ sibbini½ taºha½ aggamagg±dhigamena accag³ atikkami½su, te indakh²lo viya v±tehi lokadhammehi asampakampiy± µhit±, na te unnata-onat±, kad±cipi unnat± v± onat± v± na honti sabbaso anunayapaµigh±bh±vato.
Eva½ vedan±dhiµµh±na½ arahato anupalepa½ dassetv± id±ni lokadhamme vibhajitv± sabbatthakamevassa anupalepa½ dassento “na hev±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha l±bheti c²var±d²na½ paccay±na½ paµil±bhe. Al±bheti tesa½yeva appaµil±bhe apagame. Na yaseti pariv±rah±niya½ akittiyañca. Kittiy±ti parammukh± kittane patthaµayasat±ya½. Nind±yanti sammukh± garah±ya½. Pasa½s±yanti, paccakkhato guº±bhitthavane. Dukkheti dukkhe uppanne. Sukheti etth±pi eseva nayo.
Sabbatth±ti sabbasmi½ yath±vutte aµµhavidhepi lokadhamme, sabbattha v± r³p±dike visaye te kh²º±sav± na limpanti sabbaso pah²nakilesatt±. Yath± ki½? Udabinduva pokkhare yath± kamaladale jalabindu all²yitv± µhitampi tena na limpati, jalabindun± ca kamaladala½, aññadatthu visa½saµµhameva, evametepi upaµµhite l±bh±dike, ±p±thagate r³p±di-±rammaºe ca visa½saµµh± eva½. Tato eva dh²r± paº¹it± sabbattha l±bh±d²su ñ±ºamukhena piyanimitt±na½ sok±d²nañca abh±vato sukhit± l±bh±d²hi ca anabhibhavan²yato sabbattha apar±jit±va honti.
Id±ni l±bh±l±bh±d²su seyya½ niddh±retv± dassento “dhammen±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha dhammena ca al±bho yoti yo dhamma½ rakkhantassa ta½nimitta½ al±bho l±bh±bh±vo, l±bhah±ni. Yo ca l±bho adhammiko adhammena aññ±yena buddhapaµikuµµhena vidhin± uppanno, tesu dv²su al±bho dhammiko dhamm±vaho seyyo, y±disa½ l±bha½ parivajjantassa akusal± dhamm± parih±yanti, kusal± dhamm± abhiva¹¹hanti, t±diso al±bho p±sa½sataro atth±vaho. Yañce l±bho adhammikoti yo l±bho adhammena uppanno, so na seyyoti adhipp±yo.
Yaso ca appabuddh²na½, viññ³na½ ayaso ca yoti yo appabuddh²na½ duppaññ±na½ vasena puggalassa yaso labbhati, yo ca viññ³na½ paº¹it±na½ vasena ayaso yasah±ni. Imesu dv²su ayasova seyyo viññ³na½. Te hissa yath± akusal± dhamm± parih±yanti, kusal± dhamm± abhiva¹¹hanti, eva½ yasah±ni½ iccheyyu½, tath± ca bhabbaj±tiko ta½ aguºa½ pah±ya guºe patiµµheyya. Na yaso appabuddh²nanti duppaññ±na½ vasena yaso seyyo hoti, te hi abh³taguº±bhiby±h±ravasen±pi na½ upp±deyyu½, so cassa idha ceva viññ³garah±din± sampar±ye ca duggatiya½ dukkhaparikkiles±din± anatth±vaho. Ten±ha bhagav±– “l±bho siloko sakk±ro, micch±laddho ca yo yaso”ti (su. ni. 440) “sakk±ro k±purisa½ hant²”ti (c³¼ava. 335; a. ni. 4.68) ca.
Dummedheh²ti, nippaññehi. Yañce b±lappasa½san±ti b±lehi aviddas³hi y± n±ma pasa½san±.
K±mamayikanti vatthuk±mamaya½, k±maguºe paµicca uppanna½. Dukkhañca pavivekiyanti pavivekato nibbatta½ k±yakilamathavasena pavatta½ visam±sanupat±p±dihetuka½ k±yika½ dukkha½, ta½ pana nir±misavivaµµ³panissayat±ya viññ³na½ p±sa½s±. Tena vutta½ “pavivekadukkha½ seyyo”ti.
J²vitañca adhammen±ti adhammena j²vikakappana½ j²vitahetu adhammacaraºa½. Dhammena maraºa½ n±ma “ima½ n±ma p±pa½ akaronta½ ta½ m±ress±m²”ti kenaci vutte m±rentepi tasmi½ p±pa½ akatv± dhamma½ avikopentassa dhammahetumaraºa½ dhammika½ seyyoti t±disa½ maraºa½ dhammato anapetatt± dhammika½ saggasamp±panato nibb±nupanissayato ca viññ³na½ p±sa½satara½. Tath± hi vutta½–
“Caje dhana½ aªgavarassa hetu, aªga½ caje j²vita½ rakkham±no;
aªga½ dhana½ j²vitañc±pi sabba½, caje naro dhammamanussaranto”ti. (J±. 2.21.470).
Yañce j²ve adhammikanti puriso ya½ dhammato apeta½ j²vika½ j²veyya, ta½ na seveyya viññ³hi garahitatt± ap±yasamp±panato c±ti adhipp±yo.
Id±ni yath±vutta½ kh²º±sav±na½ anupalepa½ k±raºato dassento “k±makopapah²n±”ti-±dig±tham±ha.
Tattha k±makopapah²n±ti ariyamaggena sabbasova pah²n± anurodhapaµivirodh±. Santacitt± bhav±bhaveti khuddake ceva mahante ca bhave anavasesapah²nakilesapari¼±hat±ya v³pasantacitt±. Loketi khandh±diloke. Asit±ti taºh±diµµhinissayavasena anissit±. Natthi tesa½ piy±piyanti tesa½ kh²º±sav±na½ katthaci l±bh±dike r³p±divisaye ca piya½ v± apiya½ v± natthi, ta½nimitt±na½ kiles±na½ sabbaso samucchinnatt±.
Id±ni y±ya bh±van±ya te evar³p± j±t±, ta½ dassetv± anup±dises±ya nibb±nadh±tuy± desan±ya k³µa½ gaºhanto “bh±vayitv±n±”ti os±nag±tham±ha. Tattha pappuyy±ti, p±puºitv±. Sesa½ heµµh± vuttanayameva. Im± eva ca g±th± therassa aññ±by±karaº±pi ahesu½.

Godattattherag±th±vaººan± niµµhit±.

Cuddasakanip±tavaººan± niµµhit±.