3. Subh±sitasuttavaººan±

Eva½ me sutanti subh±sitasutta½. Attajjh±sayato cassa uppatti. Bhagav± hi subh±sitappiyo, so attano subh±sitasamud±c±rappak±sanena satt±na½ dubbh±sitasamud±c±ra½ paµisedhento ima½ suttamabh±si. Tattha eva½ me sutanti-±di saªg²tik±ravacana½. Tattha tatra kho bhagav±…pe… bhadanteti te bhikkh³ti eta½ apubba½, sesa½ vuttanayameva. Tasm± apubbapadavaººanatthamida½ vuccati– tatr±ti desak±laparid²pana½. Tañhi ya½ samaya½ viharati, tatra samaye, yasmiñca ±r±me viharati, tatra ±r±meti d²peti. Bh±sitabbayutte v± desak±le d²peti. Na hi bhagav± ayutte dese k±le v± dhamma½ bh±sati. “Ak±lo kho, t±va, b±hiy±”ti-±di (ud±. 10) cettha s±dhaka½. Khoti padap³raºamatte avadh±raº±dik±latthe v± nip±to. Bhagav±ti lokagaruparid²pana½. Bhikkh³ti kath±savanayuttapuggalaparid²pana½. ¾mantes²ti ±lapi abh±si sambodhesi.
Bhikkhavoti ±mantan±k±raparid²pana½. Tañca bhikkhanas²lat±diguºayogasiddhatt± vutta½. Tena nesa½ h²n±dhikajanasevita½ vutti½ pak±sento uddhatad²nabh±vaniggaha½ karoti. “Bhikkhavo”ti imin± ca karuº±vipph±rasommahadayanayananip±tapubbaªgamena vacanena te attano mukh±bhimukhe karitv± teneva kathetukamyat±d²pakena vacanena tesa½ sotukamyata½ janeti, teneva ca sambodhanatthena vacanena s±dhukasavanamanasik±repi te niyojeti. S±dhukasavanamanasik±r±yatt± hi s±sanasampatti. Aparesupi devamanussesu vijjam±nesu kasm± bhikkh³ eva ±mantes²ti ce? Jeµµhaseµµh±sannasad±sannihitabh±vato. Sabbaparisas±dh±raº± hi aya½ dhammadesan±, na p±µipuggalik±. Paris±ya ca jeµµh± bhikkh³ paµhamuppannatt±, seµµh± anag±riyabh±va½ ±di½ katv± satthu cariy±nuvidh±yakatt± sakalas±sanapaµigg±hakatt± ca. ¾sann± tattha nisinnesu satthu santikatt±, sad± sannihit± satthu santik±vacaratt±. Tena bhagav± sabbaparisas±dh±raºa½ dhamma½ desento bhikkh³ eva ±mantesi. Apica bh±jana½ te im±ya kath±ya yath±nusiµµha½ paµipattisabbh±vatotipi te eva ±mantesi. Bhadanteti g±rav±dhivacanameta½. Te bhikkh³ti ye bhagav± ±mantesi, te eva½ bhagavanta½ ±lapant± bhagavato paccassosunti.
Cat³hi aªgeh²ti cat³hi k±raºehi avayavehi v±. Mus±v±d±veramaºi-±d²ni hi catt±ri subh±sitav±c±ya k±raº±ni. Saccavacan±dayo catt±ro avayav±, k±raºatthe ca aªgasaddo. Cat³h²ti nissakkavacana½ hoti, avayavatthe karaºavacana½. Samann±gat±ti samanu-±gat± pavatt± yutt± ca. V±c±ti samullapanav±c±. Y± s± “v±c± gir± byappatho”ti (dha. sa. 636) ca, “nel± kaººasukh±”ti (d². ni. 1.9; ma. ni. 3.14) ca evam±d²su ±gacchati. Y± pana “v±c±ya ce kata½ kamman”ti (dha. sa. aµµha. 1 k±yakammadv±ra) eva½ viññatti ca, “y± cat³hi vac²duccaritehi ±rati virati…pe… aya½ vuccati samm±v±c±”ti (dha. sa. 299; vibha. 206) eva½ virati ca, “pharusav±c±, bhikkhave, ±sevit± bh±vit± bahul²kat± nirayasa½vattanik± hot²”ti (a. ni. 8.40) eva½ cetan± ca v±c±ti ±gacchati, s± idha na adhippet±. Kasm±? Abh±sitabbato. Subh±sit± hot²ti suµµhu bh±sit± hoti. Tenass± atth±vahanata½ d²peti. Na dubbh±sit±ti na duµµhu bh±sit±. Tenass± anatth±n±vahanata½ d²peti. Anavajj±ti vajjasaªkh±tar±g±didosavirahit±. Tenass± k±raºasuddhi½ vuttados±bh±vañca d²peti. Ananuvajj± c±ti anuv±davimutt±. Tenass± sabb±k±rasampatti½ d²peti. Viññ³nanti paº¹it±na½. Tena nind±pasa½s±su b±l± appam±º±ti d²peti.
Katamehi cat³h²ti kathetukamyat±pucch±. Idh±ti imasmi½ s±sane. Bhikkhaveti yesa½ kathetuk±mo, tad±lapana½. Bhikkh³ti vuttappak±rav±c±bh±sanakapuggalanidassana½. Subh±sita½yeva bh±sat²ti puggal±dhiµµh±n±ya desan±ya cat³su v±caªgesu aññataraªganiddesavacana½. No dubbh±sitanti tasseva v±caªgassa paµipakkhabh±sananiv±raºa½. Tena “mus±v±d±dayopi kad±ci vattabb±”ti diµµhi½ nisedheti. “No dubbh±sitan”ti imin± v± micch±v±cappah±na½ d²peti, “subh±sitan”ti imin± pah²namicch±v±cena sat± bh±sitabbavacanalakkhaºa½. Tath± p±passa akaraºa½, kusalassa upasampada½ Aªgaparid²panattha½ pana abh±sitabba½ pubbe avatv± bh±sitabbamev±ha. Esa nayo dhamma½yev±ti-±d²supi.
Ettha ca “subh±sita½yeva bh±sati no dubbh±sitan”ti imin± pisuºadosarahita½ samaggakaraºavacana½ vutta½, “dhamma½yeva bh±sati no adhamman”ti imin± samphadosarahita½ dhammato anapeta½ mant±vacana½ vutta½, itarehi dv²hi pharus±likarahit±ni piyasaccavacan±ni vutt±ni. Imehi khoti-±din± pana t±ni aªg±ni paccakkhato dassento ta½ v±ca½ nigameti. Visesato cettha “imehi kho, bhikkhave cat³hi aªgehi samann±gat± v±c± subh±sit± hot²”ti bhaºanto yadaññe paµiññ±d²hi avayavehi n±m±d²hi padehi liªgavacanavibhattik±lak±rak±d²hi sampatt²hi ca samann±gata½ v±ca½ “subh±sitan”ti maññanti, ta½ dhammato paµisedheti. Avayav±disampann±pi hi pesuññ±disamann±gat± v±c± dubbh±sit±va hoti attano paresañca anatth±vahatt±. Imehi pana cat³hi aªgehi samann±gat± sacepi milakkhubh±s±pariy±pann± ghaµaceµik±g²tikapariy±pann± v± hoti, tath±pi subh±sit± eva lokiyalokuttarahitasukh±vahatt±. S²ha¼ad²pe maggapasse sassa½ rakkhantiy± s²ha¼aceµik±ya s²ha¼akeneva j±tijar±maraºapaµisa½yutta½ g²ta½ g±yantiy± sutv± magga½ gacchant± saµµhimatt± vipassakabhikkh³ cettha arahatta½ patt± nidassana½. Tath± tisso n±ma ±raddhavipassako bhikkhu padumasarasam²pena gacchanto padumasare padum±ni bhañjitv± bhañjitv±–
“P±to phulla½ kokanada½, s³riy±lokena bhajjiyate;
eva½ manussattagat± satt±, jar±bhivegena madd²yant²”ti.–

Ima½ g²ta½ g±yantiy± ceµik±ya sutv± arahatta½ patto, buddhantare ca aññataro puriso sattahi puttehi saddhi½ van± ±gamma aññatar±ya itthiy± musalena taº¹ule koµµentiy±–

“Jar±ya parimaddita½ eta½, mil±tachavicammanissita½;
maraºena bhijjati eta½, maccussa ghasam±misa½.
“Kim²na½ ±laya½ eta½, n±n±kuºapena p³rita½;
asucissa bh±jana½ eta½, kadalikkhandhasama½ idan”ti.–

Ima½ g²tika½ sutv± saha puttehi paccekabodhi½ patto, aññe ca ²disehi up±yehi ariyabh³mi½ patt± nidassana½. Anacchariya½ paneta½, ya½ bhagavat± ±say±nusayakusalena “sabbe saªkh±r± anicc±”ti-±din± nayena vutt± g±th±yo sutv± pañcasat± bhikkh³ arahatta½ p±puºi½su, aññe ca khandh±yatan±dipaµisa½yutt± kath± sutv± aneke devamanuss±ti. Eva½ imehi cat³hi aªgehi samann±gat± v±c± sacepi milakkhubh±s±pariy±pann±, ghaµaceµik±g²tikapariy±pann± v± hoti, tath±pi “subh±sit±”ti veditabb±. Subh±sitatt± eva ca anavajj± ca ananuvajj± ca viññ³na½ atthatthik±na½ kulaputt±na½ atthapaµisaraº±na½, no byañjanapaµisaraº±nanti.

Idamavoca bhagav±ti ida½ subh±sitalakkhaºa½ bhagav± avoca. Ida½ vatv±na sugato, ath±para½ etadavoca satth±ti idañca lakkhaºa½ vatv± atha aññampi eta½ avoca satth±. Id±ni vattabbag±tha½ dassetv± sabbameta½ saªg²tik±rak± ±ha½su. Tattha aparanti g±th±bandhavacana½ sandh±ya vuccati. Ta½ duvidha½ hoti– pacch± ±gataparisa½ assavanasussavana-±dh±raºada¼h²karaº±d²ni v± sandh±ya tadatthad²pakameva ca. Pubbe kenaci k±raºena parih±pitassa atthassa d²panena atthavisesad²pakañca “purisassa hi j±tassa, kuµh±r² j±yate mukhe”ti-±d²su (su. ni. 662) viya. Idha pana tadatthad²pakameva.
453. Tattha santoti buddh±dayo. Te hi subh±sita½ “uttama½ seµµhan”ti vaººayanti. Dutiya½ tatiya½ catutthanti ida½ pana pubbe niddiµµhakkama½ up±d±ya vutta½. G±th±pariyos±ne pana vaªg²satthero bhagavato subh±site pas²di.
So ya½ pasann±k±ra½ ak±si, yañca vacana½ bhagav± abh±si, ta½ dassent± saªg²tik±rak± “atha kho ±yasm±”ti-±dim±ha½su. Tattha paµibh±ti manti mama bh±go pak±sati Paµibh±tu tanti tava bh±go pak±satu. S±rupp±h²ti anucchavik±hi. Abhitthav²ti pasa½si.
454. Na t±payeti vippaµis±rena na t±peyya. Na vihi½seyy±ti aññamañña½ bhindanto na b±dheyya. S± ve v±c±ti s± v±c± eka½seneva subh±sit±. Ett±vat± apisuºav±c±ya bhagavanta½ thometi.
455. Paµinandit±ti haµµhena hadayena paµimukha½ gantv± nandit± sampiy±yit±. Ya½ an±d±ya p±p±ni, paresa½ bh±sate piyanti ya½ v±ca½ bh±santo paresa½ p±p±ni appiy±ni paµikk³l±ni pharusavacan±ni an±d±ya atthabyañjanamadhura½ piyameva vacana½ bh±sati, ta½ piyav±cameva bh±seyy±ti vutta½ hoti. Im±ya g±th±ya piyavacanena bhagavanta½ abhitthavi.
456. Amat±ti amatasadis± s±dubh±vena. Vuttampi ceta½ “sacca½ have s±dutara½ ras±nan”ti (sa½. ni. 1.73; su. ni. 184). Nibb±n±matapaccayatt± v± amat±. Esa dhammo sanantanoti y±ya½ saccav±c± n±ma, esa por±ºo dhammo cariy± paveº², idameva hi por±º±na½ ±ciººa½, na te alika½ bh±si½su. Tenev±ha– “sacce atthe ca dhamme ca, ahu santo patiµµhit±”ti. Tattha sacce patiµµhitatt± eva attano ca paresañca atthe patiµµhit±. Atthe patiµµhitatt± eva ca dhamme patiµµhit± hont²ti veditabb±. Para½ v± dvaya½ saccavisesanamicceva veditabba½. Sacce patiµµhit±. K²dise? Atthe ca dhamme ca, ya½ paresa½ atthato anapetatt± attha½ anuparodha½ karot²ti vutta½ hoti. Satipi ca anuparodhakaratte dhammato anapetatt± dhamma½, ya½ dhammikameva attha½ s±dhet²ti vutta½ hoti. Im±ya g±th±ya saccavacanena bhagavanta½ abhitthavi.
457. Khemanti abhaya½ nirupaddava½. Kena k±raºen±ti ce? Nibb±nappattiy± dukkhassantakiriy±ya, yasm± kilesanibb±na½ p±peti, vaµµadukkhassa ca antakiriy±ya sa½vattat²ti attho. Atha v± ya½ buddho nibb±nappattiy± dukkhassantakiriy±y±ti dvinna½ nibb±nadh±t³namatth±ya khemamaggappak±sanato khema½ v±ca½ bh±sati, s± ve v±c±namuttam±ti s± v±c± sabbav±c±na½ seµµh±ti evamettha attho veditabbo. Im±ya g±th±ya mant±vacanena bhagavanta½ abhitthavanto arahattanik³µena desana½ niµµh±pes²ti ayamettha apubbapadavaººan±. Sesa½ vuttanayeneva veditabbanti.

Paramatthajotik±ya khuddaka-aµµhakath±ya

Suttanip±ta-aµµhakath±ya subh±sitasuttavaººan± niµµhit±.