7. Br±hmaºadhammikasuttavaººan±

Eva½ me sutanti br±hmaºadhammikasutta½. K± uppatti? Ayameva y±ssa nid±ne “atha kho sambahul±”ti-±din± nayena vutt±. Tattha sambahul±ti bah³ aneke. Kosalak±ti kosalaraµµhav±sino. Br±hmaºamah±s±l±ti j±tiy± br±hmaº± mah±s±rat±ya mah±s±l±. Yesa½ kira nidahitv± µhapita½yeva as²tikoµisaªkhya½ dhanamatthi, te “br±hmaºamah±s±l±”ti vuccanti. Ime ca t±dis±, tena vutta½ “br±hmaºamah±s±l±”ti. Jiºº±ti jajjar²bh³t± jar±ya khaº¹icc±dibh±vam±p±dit±. Vu¹¹h±ti aªgapaccaªg±na½ vu¹¹himariy±da½ patt±. Mahallak±ti j±timahallakat±ya samann±gat±, cirak±lappasut±ti vutta½ hoti. Addhagat±ti addh±na½ gat±, dve tayo r±japarivaµµe at²t±ti adhipp±yo. Vayo anuppatt±ti pacchimavaya½ sampatt±. Apica jiºº±ti por±º±, cirak±lappavattakulanvay±ti vutta½ hoti. Vu¹¹h±ti s²l±c±r±diguºavu¹¹hiyutt±. Mahallak±ti vibhavamahantat±ya samann±gat± mahaddhan± mah±bhog±. Addhagat±ti maggapaµipann± br±hmaº±na½ vatacariy±dimariy±da½ av²tikkamma caram±n±. Vayo anuppatt±ti j±tivu¹¹habh±vampi antimavaya½ anuppatt±ti evampettha yojan± veditabb±. Sesamettha p±kaµameva.
Bhagavat± saddhi½ sammodi½s³ti khaman²y±d²ni pucchant± aññamañña½ samappavattamod± ahesu½. Y±ya ca “kacci bhoto gotamassa khaman²ya½, kacci y±pan²ya½, app±b±dha½, app±taªka½, bala½, lahuµµh±na½, ph±suvih±ro”ti-±dik±ya kath±ya sammodi½su, ta½ p²tip±mojjasaªkh±tasammodajananato sammoditu½ arahato ca sammodan²ya½, atthabyañjanamadhurat±ya sucirampi k±la½ s±retu½ nirantara½ pavattetu½ arahato saritabbabh±vato ca s±raº²ya½. Suyyam±nasukhato ca sammodan²ya½, anussariyam±nasukhato s±raº²ya½, tath± byañjanaparisuddhat±ya sammodan²ya½, atthaparisuddhat±ya s±raº²yanti eva½ anekehi pariy±yehi sammodan²ya½ katha½ s±raº²ya½ v²tis±retv± pariyos±petv± niµµh±petv± yenatthena ±gat±, ta½ pucchituk±m± ekamanta½ nis²di½su. Ta½–
“Na pacchato na purato, n±pi ±sannad³rato;
na passe n±pi paµiv±te, na c±pi oºatuººate”ti.–

¾din± nayena maªgalasuttavaººan±ya½ vuttameva.

Eva½ ekamanta½ nisinn± kho te br±hmaºamah±s±l± bhagavanta½ etadavocu½– “ki½ tan”ti? “Sandissanti nu kho”ti-±di. Ta½ sabba½ utt±natthameva. Kevalañhettha br±hmaº±na½ br±hmaºadhammeti desak±l±didhamme cha¹¹etv± yo br±hmaºadhammo, tasmi½yeva. Tena hi br±hmaº±ti yasm± ma½ tumhe y±cittha, tasm± br±hmaº± suº±tha, sota½ odahatha, s±dhuka½ manasi karotha, yoniso manasi karotha. Tath± payogasuddhiy± suº±tha, ±sayasuddhiy± s±dhuka½ manasi karotha. Avikkhepena suº±tha, paggahena s±dhuka½ manasi karoth±ti-±din± nayena etesa½ pad±na½ pubbe avuttopi adhipp±yo veditabbo. Atha bhagavat± vutta½ ta½ vacana½ sampaµicchant± “eva½ bho”ti kho te br±hmaºamah±s±l± bhagavato paccassosu½, bhagavato vacana½ abhimukh± hutv± assosu½. Atha v± paµissuºi½su. “Suº±tha s±dhuka½ manasi karoth±”ti vuttamattha½ kattuk±mat±ya paµij±ni½s³ti vutta½ hoti. Atha tesa½ eva½ paµissutavata½ bhagav± etadavoca– “ki½ tan”ti? “Isayo pubbak±”ti-±di.
287. Tattha paµhamag±th±ya t±va saññatatt±ti s²lasa½yamena sa½yatacitt±. Tapassinoti indriyasa½varatapayutt±. Attadatthamac±risunti mantajjhenabrahmavih±rabh±van±di½ attano attha½ aka½su. Sesa½ p±kaµameva.
288. Dutiyag±th±d²supi aya½ saªkhepavaººan±– na pas³ br±hmaº±n±sunti por±º±na½ br±hmaº±na½ pas³ na ±su½, na te pasupariggahamaka½su. Na hirañña½ na dh±niyanti hiraññañca br±hmaº±na½ antamaso jatum±sakopi n±hosi tath± v²his±liyavagodh³m±di pubbaºº±paraººabheda½ dh±niyampi tesa½ n±hosi. Te hi nikkhittaj±tar³parajat± asannidhik±rak±va hutv± kevala½ sajjh±yadhanadhaññ± attano mantajjhenasaªkh±teneva dhanena dhaññena ca samann±gat± ahesu½. Yo c±ya½ mett±divih±ro seµµhatt± anug±mikatt± ca brahmanidh²ti vuccati, tañca brahma½ nidhimap±layu½ sad± tassa bh±van±nuyogena.
289. Eva½ vih±r²na½ ya½ nesa½ pakata½ ±si, ya½ etesa½ pakata½ ete br±hmaºe uddissa kata½ ahosi. Dv±rabhatta½ upaµµhitanti “br±hmaº±na½ dass±m±”ti sajjetv± tehi tehi d±yakehi attano attano gharadv±re µhapitabhatta½. Saddh±pakatanti saddh±ya pakata½, saddh±deyyanti vutta½ hoti. Es±nanti esant²ti es±, tesa½ es±na½, esam±n±na½ pariyesam±n±nanti vutta½ hoti. D±taveti d±tabba½. Tadamaññisunti ta½ amaññi½su, ta½ dv±re sajjetv± µhapita½ bhatta½ saddh±deyya½ pariyesam±n±na½ etesa½ br±hmaº±na½ d±tabba½ amaññi½su d±yak± jan±, na tato para½. Anatthik± hi te aññena ahesu½, kevala½ gh±sacch±danaparamat±ya santuµµh±ti adhipp±yo.
290. N±n±ratteh²ti n±n±vidhar±garattehi vatthehi vicitrattharaºatthatehi, sayanehi ekabh³mikadvibh³mik±dip±s±davarehi. ¾vasatheh²ti evar³pehi upakaraºehi. Ph²t± janapad± raµµh± ekekappadesabh³t± janapad± ca keci keci sakalaraµµh± ca “namo br±hmaº±nan”ti s±ya½ p±ta½ br±hmaºe deve viya namassi½su.
291. Te eva½ namassiyam±n± lokena avajjh± br±hmaº± ±su½, na kevalañca avajjh±, ajeyy± vihi½situmpi anabhibhavan²yatt± ajeyy± ca ahesu½. Ki½ k±raº±? Dhammarakkhit±, yasm± dhammena rakkhit±. Te hi pañca varas²ladhamme rakkhi½su, “dhammo have rakkhati dhammac±rin”ti (j±. 1.10.102; 1.15.385) dhammarakkhit± hutv± avajjh± ajeyy± ca ahesunti adhipp±yo. Na ne koci niv±res²ti te br±hmaºe kul±na½ dv±resu sabbaso b±hiresu ca abbhantaresu ca sabbadv±resu yasm± tesu piyasammatesu varas²lasamann±gatesu m±t±pit³su viya ativissatth± manuss± ahesu½, tasm± “ida½ n±ma µh±na½ tay± na pavisitabban”ti na koci niv±resi.
292. Eva½ dhammarakkhit± kuladv±resu aniv±rit± carant± aµµha ca catt±l²sañc±ti aµµhacatt±l²sa½ vass±ni kum±rabh±vato pabhuti caraºena kom±ra½ brahmacariya½ cari½su te. Yepi br±hmaºacaº¹±l± ahesu½, ko pana v±do brahmasam±d²s³ti evamettha adhipp±yo veditabbo. Eva½ brahmacariya½ carant± eva hi vijj±caraºapariyeµµhi½ acaru½ br±hmaº± pure, na abrahmac±rino hutv±. Tattha vijj±pariyeµµh²ti mantajjhena½. Vuttañceta½ “so aµµhacatt±l²sa vass±ni kom±ra½ brahmacariya½ carati mante adh²yam±no”ti (a. ni. 5.192). Caraºapariyeµµh²ti s²larakkhaºa½. “Vijj±caraºapariyeµµhun”tipi p±µho, vijj±caraºa½ pariyesitu½ acarunti attho.
293. Yath±vuttañca k±la½ brahmacariya½ caritv± tato para½ ghar±v±sa½ kappent±pi na br±hmaº± aññamagamu½ khattiya½ v± vess±d²su aññatara½ v±, ye ahesu½ devasam± v± mariy±d± v±ti adhipp±yo. Tath± sata½ v± sahassa½ v± datv± napi bhariya½ kiºi½su te, seyyath±pi etarahi ekacce kiºanti. Te hi dhammena d±ra½ pariyesanti. Katha½? Aµµhacatt±l²sa½ vass±ni brahmacariya½ caritv± br±hmaº± kaññ±bhikkha½ ±hiº¹anti– “aha½ aµµhacatt±l²sa vass±ni ciººabrahmacariyo, yadi vayappatt± d±rik± atthi, detha me”ti. Tato yassa vayappatt± d±rik± hoti, so ta½ alaªkaritv± n²haritv± dv±re µhitasseva br±hmaºassa hatthe udaka½ ±siñcanto “ima½ te, br±hmaºa, bhariya½ pos±vanatth±ya damm²”ti vatv± deti.
Kasm± pana te eva½ cira½ brahmacariya½ caritv±pi d±ra½ pariyesanti, na y±vaj²va½ brahmac±rino hont²ti? Micch±diµµhivasena. Tesañhi eva½diµµhi hoti– “yo putta½ na upp±deti, so kulava½sacchedakaro hoti, tato niraye paccat²”ti. Catt±ro kira abh±yitabba½ bh±yanti gaº¹upp±do kik² kuntan² br±hmaº±ti. Gaº¹upp±d± kira mah±pathaviy± khayabhayena mattabhojino honti, na bahu½ mattika½ kh±danti. Kik² sakuºik± ±k±sapatanabhayena aº¹assa upari utt±n± seti. Kuntan² sakuºik± pathavikampanabhayena p±dehi bh³mi½ na suµµhu akkamati. Br±hmaº± kulava½s³pacchedabhayena d±ra½ pariyesanti. ¾ha cettha–
“Gaº¹upp±do kik² ceva, kunt² br±hmaºadhammiko;
ete abhaya½ bh±yanti, samm³¼h± caturo jan±”ti.
Eva½ dhammena d±ra½ pariyesitv±pi ca sampiyeneva sa½v±sa½ saªgantv± samarocayu½, sampiyeneva aññamañña½ pemeneva k±yena ca cittena ca miss²bh³t± saªghaµit± sa½saµµh± hutv± sa½v±sa½ samarocayu½, na appiyena na niggahena c±ti vutta½ hoti.
294. Eva½ sampiyeneva sa½v±sa½ karont±pi ca aññatra tamh±ti, yo so utusamayo, yamhi samaye br±hmaº² br±hmaºena upagantabb±, aññatra tamh± samay± µhapetv± ta½ samaya½ ututo virata½ utuveramaºi½ pati bhariya½, y±va puna so samayo ±gacchati, t±va aµµhatv± antar±yeva. Methuna½ dhammanti methun±ya dhamm±ya. Sampad±navacanapattiy± kireta½ upayogavacana½. N±ssu gacchant²ti neva gacchanti. Br±hmaº±ti ye honti devasam± ca mariy±d± c±ti adhipp±yo.
295. Avisesena pana sabbepi brahmacariyañca…pe… avaººayu½. Tattha brahmacariyanti methunavirati. S²lanti ses±ni catt±ri sikkh±pad±ni. Ajjavanti ujubh±vo, atthato asaµhat± am±y±vit± ca. Maddavanti mudubh±vo, atthato atthaddhat± anatim±nit± ca. Tapoti indriyasa½varo. Soraccanti suratabh±vo sukhas²lat± appaµik³lasam±c±rat±. Avihi½s±ti p±ºi-±d²hi avihesikaj±tikat± sakaruºabh±vo. Khant²ti adhiv±sanakkhanti. Iccete guºe avaººayu½. Yepi n±sakkhi½su sabbaso paµipattiy± ±r±dhetu½, tepi tattha s±radassino hutv± v±c±ya vaººayi½su pasa½si½su.
296. Eva½ vaººent±nañca yo nesa½…pe… n±gam±, yo etesa½ br±hmaº±na½ paramo brahm± ahosi, brahmasamo n±ma uttamo br±hmaºo ahosi, da¼hena parakkamena samann±gatatt± da¼haparakkamo. Sa v±ti vibh±vane v±-saddo, tena so evar³po br±hmaºoti tameva vibh±veti. Methuna½ dhammanti methunasam±patti½. Supinantepi n±gam±ti supinepi na agam±si.
297. Tato tassa vatta½…pe… avaººayu½. Im±ya g±th±ya navamag±th±ya vuttaguºeyeva ±di-antavasena niddisanto devasame br±hmaºe pak±seti. Te hi viññuj±tik± paº¹it± tassa brahmasamassa br±hmaºassa vatta½ anusikkhanti pabbajj±ya jh±nabh±van±ya ca, te ca ime brahmacariy±diguºe paµipattiy± eva vaººayant²ti. Te sabbepi br±hmaº± pañcakanip±te doºasutte (a. ni. 5.192) vuttanayeneva veditabb±.
298. Id±ni mariy±de br±hmaºe dassento ±ha– “taº¹ula½ sayanan”ti. Tassattho– tesu ye honti mariy±d±, te br±hmaº± sace yañña½ kappetuk±m± honti, atha ±makadhaññapaµiggahaº± paµiviratatt± n±nappak±raka½ taº¹ulañca, mañcap²µh±dibheda½ sayanañca, khom±dibheda½ vatthañca, gosappitilatel±dibheda½ sappitelañca y±ciya dhammena, “uddissa ariy± tiµµhanti, es± ariy±na y±can±”ti eva½ vuttena uddissaµh±nasaªkh±tena dhammena y±citv±, atha yo ya½ icchati d±tu½, tena ta½ dinnataº¹ul±di½ samodh±netv± sa½ka¹¹hitv±. “Samud±netv±”tipi p±µho, ekoyevattho. Tato yaññamakappayunti tato gahetv± d±namaka½su