6. Kapilasutta-(dhammacariyasutta)-vaººan±

Dhammacariyanti kapilasutta½. K± uppatti? Hemavatasutte vuttanayeneva parinibbute kassape bhagavati dve kulaputt± bh±taro nikkhamitv± s±vak±na½ santike pabbaji½su. Jeµµho sodhano n±ma, kaniµµho kapilo n±ma. Tesa½ m±t± s±dhan² n±ma, kaniµµhabhagin² t±pan± n±ma. T±pi bhikkhun²su pabbaji½su. Tato te dvepi hemavatasutte vuttanayeneva “s±sane kati dhur±n²”ti pucchitv± sutv± ca jeµµho “v±sadhura½ p³ress±m²”ti pañca vass±ni ±cariyupajjh±y±na½ santike vasitv± pañcavasso hutv± y±va arahatta½, t±va kammaµµh±na½ sutv± arañña½ pavisitv± v±yamanto arahatta½ p±puºi. Kapilo “aha½ t±va taruºo, vu¹¹hak±le v±sadhura½ parip³ress±m²”ti ganthadhura½ ±rabhitv± tepiµako ahosi. Tassa pariyatti½ niss±ya pariv±ro, pariv±ra½ niss±ya l±bho ca udap±di.
So b±husaccamadena matto paº¹itam±n² anaññ±tepi aññ±tam±n² hutv± parehi vutta½ kappiyampi akappiya½, akappiyampi kappiya½, s±vajjampi anavajja½, anavajjampi s±vajjanti bhaºati. So pesalehi bhikkh³hi, “m±, ±vuso kapila, eva½ avac±”ti-±din± nayena ovadiyam±no “tumhe ki½ j±n±tha rittamuµµhisadis±”ti-±d²hi vacanehi khu½sento vambhentoyeva carati. Bhikkh³ tassa bh±tuno sodhanattherass±pi etamattha½ ±rocesu½. Sopi na½ upasaªkamitv± ±ha– “±vuso kapila, s±sanassa ±yu n±ma tumh±dis±na½ samm±paµipatti. M±, ±vuso kapila, kappiyampi akappiya½, akappiyampi kappiya½, s±vajjampi anavajja½, anavajjampi s±vajjanti vadeh²”ti. So tassapi vacana½ n±diyi. Tato na½ sodhanatthero dvattikkhattu½ vatv±–
“Ekav±campi dviv±ca½, bhaºeyya anukampako;
tatuttari½ na bh±seyya, d±sovayyassa santike”ti. (J±. 2.19.34)–

Parivajjetv± “tvameva, ±vuso, sakena kammena paññ±yissas²”ti pakk±mi. Tato pabhuti na½ pesal± bhikkh³ cha¹¹esu½.

So dur±c±ro hutv± dur±c±raparivuto viharanto ekadivasa½ “uposatha½ os±ress±m²”ti s²h±sana½ abhiruyha citrab²jani½ gahetv± nisinno “vattati, ±vuso, ettha bhikkh³na½ p±timokkho”ti tikkhattu½ ±ha. Atheko bhikkhupi “mayha½ vattat²”ti na avoca. Na ca tassa tesa½ v± p±timokkho vattati. Tato so “p±timokkhe sutepi asutepi vinayo n±ma natth²”ti ±san± vuµµh±si. Eva½ kassapassa bhagavato s±sana½ osakk±pesi vin±sesi. Atha sodhanatthero tadaheva parinibb±yi. Sopi kapilo eva½ ta½ s±sana½ osakk±petv± k±lakato av²cimah±niraye nibbatti, s±pissa m±t± ca bhagin² ca tasseva diµµh±nugati½ ±pajjitv± pesale bhikkh³ akkosam±n± paribh±sam±n± k±la½ katv± niraye nibbatti½su.
Tasmi½yeva ca k±le pañcasat± puris± g±magh±t±d²ni katv± corik±ya j²vant± janapadamanussehi anubaddh± pal±yam±n± arañña½ pavisitv± tattha kiñci gahana½ v± paµisaraºa½ v± apassant± avid³re p±s±ºe vasanta½ aññatara½ ±raññika½ bhikkhu½ disv± vanditv± “amh±ka½, bhante, paµisaraºa½ hoth±”ti bhaºi½su. Thero “tumh±ka½ s²lasadisa½ paµisaraºa½ natthi, sabbe pañca s²l±ni sam±diyath±”ti ±ha. Te “s±dh³”ti sampaµicchitv± s²l±ni sam±diyi½su. Thero “tumhe s²lavanto, id±ni attano j²vita½ vin±sentesupi m± mano pad³sayitth±”ti ±ha. Te “s±dh³”ti sampaµicchi½su. Atha te j±napad± sampatt± ito cito ca maggam±n± te core disv± sabbeva j²vit± voropesu½. Te k±la½ katv± k±m±vacaradevaloke nibbatti½su. Tesu jeµµhakacoro jeµµhakadevaputto ahosi, itare tasseva pariv±r±.
Te anulomapaµiloma½ sa½sarant± eka½ buddhantara½ devaloke khepetv± amh±ka½ bhagavato k±le devalokato cavitv± jeµµhakadevaputto s±vatthidv±re kevaµµag±mo atthi, tattha pañcasatakulajeµµhassa kevaµµassa paj±patiy± kucchimhi paµisandhi½ aggahesi, itare avasesakevaµµapaj±pat²na½. Eva½ tesa½ ekadivasa½yeva paµisandhiggahaºañca gabbhavuµµh±nañca ahosi. Atha kevaµµajeµµho “atthi nu kho imasmi½ g±me aññepi d±rak± ajja j±t±”ti vicinanto te d±rake disv± “ime me puttassa sah±yak± bhavissant²”ti sabbesa½ pos±vanika½ ad±si. Te sabbe sah±yak± sahapa½su½ k²¼ant± anupubbena vayappatt± ahesu½. Yasojo tesa½ aggo ahosi.
Kapilopi tad± niraye pakk±vasesena aciravatiy± suvaººavaººo duggandhamukho maccho hutv± nibbatti. Athekadivasa½ sabbepi kevaµµad±rak± j±l±ni gahetv± “macche bandhiss±m±”ti nadi½ gantv± j±l±ni pakkhipi½su. Tesa½ j±la½ so maccho p±visi. Ta½ disv± sabbo kevaµµag±mo ucc±saddamah±saddo ahosi– “amh±ka½ putt± paµhama½ macche bandhant± suvaººamaccha½ bandhi½su, vu¹¹hi nesa½ d±rak±na½, id±ni ca no r±j± pah³ta½ dhana½ dassat²”ti. Atha te pañcasat±pi d±rakasah±yak± maccha½ n±v±ya pakkhipitv± n±va½ ukkhipitv± rañño santika½ agama½su. R±j± disv± “ki½ eta½ bhaºe”ti ±ha. “Maccho dev±”ti. R±j± suvaººavaººa½ maccha½ disv± “bhagav± etassa vaººak±raºa½ j±nissat²”ti maccha½ g±h±petv± bhagavato santika½ agam±si. Macchassa mukhavivaraºak±le jetavana½ ativiya duggandha½ hoti.
R±j± bhagavanta½ pucchi– “kasm±, bhante, maccho suvaººavaººo j±to, kasm± cassa mukhato duggandho v±yat²”ti? Aya½, mah±r±ja, kassapassa bhagavato p±vacane kapilo n±ma bhikkhu ahosi, bahussuto ±gat±gamo. Attano vacana½ agaºhant±na½ bhikkh³na½ akkosakaparibh±sako. Tassa ca bhagavato s±sanavin±sako. Ya½ so tassa bhagavato s±sana½ vin±sesi, tena kammena av²cimah±niraye nibbatti, vip±k±vasesena ca id±ni maccho j±to. Ya½ d²gharatta½ buddhavacana½ v±cesi, buddhassa vaººa½ kathesi, tassa nissandena ²disa½ vaººa½ paµilabhi. Ya½ bhikkh³na½ akkosakaparibh±sako ahosi, tenassa mukhato duggandho v±yati. “Ullap±pemi na½ mah±r±j±”ti? “¾ma bhagav±”ti. Atha bhagav± maccha½ ±lapi– “tva½si kapilo”ti? “¾ma bhagav±, aha½ kapilo”ti. “Kuto ±gatos²”ti? “Av²cimah±nirayato bhagav±”ti. “Sodhano kuhi½ gato”ti? “Parinibbuto bhagav±”ti. “S±dhan² kuhi½ gat±”ti? “Mah±niraye nibbatt± bhagav±”ti. “T±pan± kuhi½ gat±”ti? “Mah±niraye nibbatt± bhagav±”ti. “Id±ni tva½ kuhi½ gamissas²”ti? “Mah±niraya½ bhagav±”ti. T±vadeva vippaµis±r±bhibh³to n±va½ s²sena paharitv± k±lakato mah±niraye nibbatti. Mah±jano sa½viggo ahosi lomahaµµhaj±to. Atha bhagav± tattha sampattagahaµµhapabbajitaparis±ya taªkhaº±nur³pa½ dhamma½ desento ima½ suttamabh±si.
277-8. Tattha dhammacariyanti k±yasucarit±di dhammacariya½. Brahmacariyanti maggabrahmacariya½. Etad±hu vasuttamanti eta½ ubhayampi lokiyalokuttara½ sucarita½ saggamokkhasukhasamp±pakatt± vasuttamanti ±hu ariy±. Vasuttama½ n±ma uttamaratana½, anug±mika½ att±dh²na½ r±j±d²na½ as±dh±raºanti adhipp±yo.
Ett±vat± “gahaµµhassa v± pabbajitassa v± samm±paµipattiyeva paµisaraºan”ti dassetv± id±ni paµipattivirahit±ya pabbajj±ya as±rakattadassanena kapila½ aññe ca tath±r³pe garahanto “pabbajitopi ce hot²”ti evam±dim±ha.
Tatr±ya½ atthavaººan±– yo hi koci gihibyañjan±ni apanetv± bhaº¹uk±s±v±digahaºamatta½ upasaªkamanena pabbajitopi ce hoti pubbe vuttattha½ ag±rasm± anag±riya½, so ce mukharaj±tiko hoti pharusavacano, n±nappak±r±ya vihes±ya abhiratatt± vihes±bhirato, hirottapp±bh±vena magasadisatt± mago, j²vita½ tassa p±piyo, tassa evar³passa j²vita½ atip±pa½ atih²na½. Kasm±? Yasm± im±ya micch±paµipattiy± r±g±dimanekappak±ra½ raja½ va¹¹heti attano.
279. Na kevalañca imin±va k±raºenassa j²vita½ p±piyo, apica kho pana aya½ evar³po mukharaj±tikatt± kalah±bhirato bhikkhu subh±sitassa atthavij±nanasammohanena mohadhammena ±vuto, “m±, ±vuso kapila, eva½ avaca, imin±pi pariy±yena ta½ gaºh±h²”ti evam±din± nayena pesalehi bhikkh³hi akkh±tampi na j±n±ti dhamma½ buddhena desita½. Yo dhammo buddhena desito, ta½ n±nappak±rena attano vuccam±nampi na j±n±ti. Evampissa j²vita½ p±piyo.
280. Tath± so evar³po vihes±bhiratatt± vihesa½ bh±vitatt±na½ bh±vitatte kh²º±savabhikkh³ sodhanattherapabhutike “na tumhe vinaya½ j±n±tha, na sutta½ na abhidhamma½, vu¹¹hapabbajit±”ti-±din± nayena vihesanto Upayogappavattiyañhi ida½ s±mivacana½. Atha v± yath±vutteneva nayena “vihesa½ bh±vitatt±na½ karonto”ti p±µhaseso veditabbo. Eva½ nippariy±yameva s±mivacana½ sijjhati. Avijj±ya purakkhatoti bh±vitattavihesane ±d²navadassanapaµicch±dik±ya avijj±ya purakkhato pesito payojito sesapabbajit±na½ bh±vitatt±na½ vihesabh±vena pavatta½ diµµheva dhamme cittavib±dhanena saªkilesa½, ±yatiñca nirayasamp±panena magga½ nirayag±mina½ na j±n±ti.
281. Aj±nanto ca tena maggena catubbidh±p±yabheda½ vinip±ta½ sam±panno. Tattha ca vinip±te gabbh± gabbha½ tam± tama½ ekekanik±ye satakkhattu½ sahassakkhattumpi m±tukucchito m±tukucchi½ candimas³riyehipi aviddha½san²y± asurak±yatam± tamañca sam±panno. Sa ve t±disako bhikkhu pecca ito paraloka½ gantv± aya½ kapilamaccho viya n±nappak±ra½ dukkha½ nigacchati.
282. Ki½ k±raº±? G³thak³po yath± assa, sampuººo gaºavassiko,yath± vaccakuµig³thak³po gaºavassiko anekavassiko bah³ni vass±ni mukhato g³thena p³riyam±no sampuººo assa, so udakakumbhasatehi udakakumbhasahassehi dhoviyam±nopi duggandhadubbaººiy±napagam± dubbisodho hoti, evameva yo evar³po assa d²gharatta½ sa½kiliµµhakammanto g³thak³po viya g³thena p±pena sampuººatt± sampuººo puggalo, so dubbisodho hi s±ªgaºo, cirak±la½ tassa aªgaºassa vip±ka½ paccanubhontopi na sujjhati. Tasm± vassagaºan±ya aparim±ºampi k±la½ sa ve t±disako bhikkhu pecca dukkha½ nigacchat²ti. Atha v± aya½ imiss± g±th±ya sambandho– ya½ vutta½ “sa ve t±disako bhikkhu, pecca dukkha½ nigacchat²”ti, tatra siy± tumh±ka½ “sakk± pan±ya½ tath± k±tu½, yath± pecca dukkha½ na nigaccheyy±”ti. Na sakk±. Kasm±? Yasm± g³thak³po…pe… s±ªgaºoti.
283-4. Yato paµikacceva ya½ evar³pa½ j±n±tha, bhikkhavo gehanissita½, ya½ evar³pa½ pañcak±maguºanissita½ j±neyy±tha abh³taguºapatthan±k±rappavatt±ya p±pik±ya icch±ya samann±gatatt± p±piccha½, k±mavitakk±d²hi samann±gatatt± p±pasaªkappa½, k±yikav²tikkam±din± ve¼ud±n±dibhedena ca p±p±c±rena samann±gatatt± p±p±c±ra½, vesiy±dip±pagocarato p±pagocara½, sabbe samagg± hutv±na abhinibbajjiy±tha na½. Tattha abhinibbajjiy±th±ti vivajjeyy±tha m± bhajeyy±tha, m± cassa abhinibbajjanamatteneva appossukkata½ ±pajjeyy±tha, apica kho pana k±raº¹ava½ niddhamatha, kasambu½ apakassatha, ta½ kacavarabh³ta½ puggala½ kacavaramiva anapekkh± niddhamatha, kasaµabh³tañca na½ khattiy±d²na½ majjhe paviµµha½ pabhinnapaggharitakuµµha½ caº¹±la½ viya apakassatha, hatthe v± s²se v± gahetv± nikka¹¹hatha. Seyyath±pi ±yasm± mah±moggall±no ta½ puggala½ p±padhamma½ b±h±ya gahetv± bahidv±rakoµµhak± nikkh±metv± s³cighaµika½ ad±si, eva½ apakassath±ti dasseti. Ki½ k±raº±? Saªgh±r±mo n±ma s²lavant±na½ kato, na duss²l±na½.
285-6. Yato etadeva tato pal±pe v±hetha, assamaºe samaºam±nine, yath± hi pal±p± anto taº¹ularahit±pi bahi thusehi v²h² viya dissanti, eva½ p±pabhikkh³ anto s²l±divirahit±pi bahi k±s±v±diparikkh±rena bhikkh³ viya dissanti. Tasm± “pal±p±”ti vuccanti. Te pal±pe v±hetha, opun±tha, vidhamatha paramatthato assamaºe vesamattena samaºam±nine Eva½ niddhamitv±na…pe… patissat±. Tattha kappayavhoti kappetha, karoth±ti vutta½ hoti. Patissat±ti aññamañña½ sag±rav± sappatiss±. Tato samagg± nipak±, dukkhassanta½ karissath±ti atheva½ tumhe suddh± suddhehi sa½v±sa½ kappent±, diµµhis²las±maññat±ya samagg±, anupubbena parip±kagat±ya paññ±ya nipak±, sabbassevimassa vaµµadukkh±dino dukkhassa anta½ karissath±ti arahattanik³µeneva desana½ niµµhapesi.
Desan±pariyos±ne te pañcasat± kevaµµaputt± sa½vegam±pajjitv± dukkhassantakiriya½ patthayam±n± bhagavato santike pabbajitv± nacirasseva dukkhassanta½ katv± bhagavat± saddhi½ ±neñjavih±rasam±pattidhammaparibhogena ekaparibhog± ahesu½. S± ca nesa½ eva½ bhagavat± saddhi½ ekaparibhogat± ud±ne vuttayasojasuttavaseneva veditabb±ti.

Paramatthajotik±ya khuddaka-aµµhakath±ya

Suttanip±ta-aµµhakath±ya kapilasuttavaººan± niµµhit±.