(Dutiyo bh±go)
2. C³¼avaggo
4. Maªgalasuttavaººan±
Eva½ me sutanti maªgalasutta½. K± uppatti? Jambud²pe kira tattha tattha nagaradv±rasanth±g±rasabh±d²su mah±jan± sannipatitv± hiraññasuvaººa½ datv± n±nappak±ra½ s²t±haraº±dib±hirakakatha½ kath±penti, ekek± kath± catum±saccayena niµµh±ti. Tattha ekadivasa½ maªgalakath± samuµµh±si– “ki½ nu kho maªgala½, ki½ diµµha½ maªgala½, suta½ maªgala½, muta½ maªgala½, ko maªgala½ j±n±t²”ti? Atha diµµhamaªgaliko n±meko puriso ±ha– “aha½ maªgala½ j±n±mi, diµµha½ loke maªgala½, diµµha½ n±ma abhimaªgalasammata½ r³pa½. Seyyathida½– idhekacco k±lasseva vuµµh±ya c±takasakuºa½ v± passati, beluvalaµµhi½ v± gabbhini½ v± kum±rake v± alaªkatapaµiyatte puººaghaµa½ v± allarohitamaccha½ v± ±jañña½ v± ±jaññaratha½ v± usabha½ v± g±vi½ v± kapila½ v±, ya½ v± panaññampi kiñci evar³pa½ abhimaªgalasammata½ r³pa½ passati, ida½ vuccati diµµhamaªgalan”ti. Tassa vacana½ ekacce aggahesu½, ekacce n±ggahesu½. Ye n±ggahesu½, te tena saha vivadi½su. Atha sutamaªgaliko n±meko puriso ±ha– “cakkhu n±meta½, bho, sucimpi asucimpi passati, tath± sundarampi asundarampi, man±pampi aman±pampi. Yadi tena diµµha½ maªgala½ siy±, sabbampi maªgala½ siy±, tasm± na diµµha½ maªgala½, apica kho pana suta½ maªgala½, suta½ n±ma abhimaªgalasammato saddo. Seyyathida½– idhekacco k±lasseva vuµµh±ya va¹¹h±ti v± va¹¹ham±n±ti v± puºº±ti v± phuss±ti v± suman±ti v± sir²ti v± siriva¹¹h±ti v± ajja sunakkhatta½ sumuhutta½ sudivasa½ sumaªgalanti evar³pa½ v± ya½kiñci abhimaªgalasammata½ sadda½ suº±ti, ida½ vuccati sutamaªgalan”ti. Tassapi vacana½ ekacce aggahesu½, ekacce n±ggahesu½. Ye n±ggahesu½, te tena saha vivadi½su. Atha mutamaªgaliko n±meko puriso ±ha– “sotampi hi n±meta½ bho s±dhumpi as±dhumpi man±pampi aman±pampi suº±ti. Yadi tena suta½ maªgala½ siy±, sabbampi maªgala½ siy±, tasm± na suta½ maªgala½, apica kho pana muta½ maªgala½, muta½ n±ma abhimaªgalasammata½ gandharasaphoµµhabba½. Seyyathida½– idhekacco k±lasseva vuµµh±ya padumagandh±dipupphagandha½ v± gh±yati, phussadantakaµµha½ v± kh±dati, pathavi½ v± ±masati, haritasassa½ v± allagomaya½ v± kacchapa½ v± tilav±ha½ v± puppha½ v± phala½ v± ±masati, phussamattik±ya v± samm± limpati, phussas±µaka½ v± niv±seti, phussaveµhana½ v± dh±reti, ya½ v± panaññampi kiñci evar³pa½ abhimaªgalasammata½ gandha½ v± gh±yati, rasa½ v± s±yati, phoµµhabba½ v± phusati, ida½ vuccati mutamaªgalan”ti. Tassapi vacana½ ekacce aggahesu½, ekacce n±ggahesu½. Tattha na diµµhamaªgaliko sutamutamaªgalike asakkhi saññ±petu½. Na tesa½ aññataro itare dve. Tesu ca manussesu ye diµµhamaªgalikassa vacana½ gaºhi½su, te “diµµha½yeva maªgalan”ti gat±. Ye sutamutamaªgalik±na½ vacana½ gaºhi½su, te “suta½yeva muta½yeva maªgalan”ti gat±. Evamaya½ maªgalakath± sakalajambud²pe p±kaµ± j±t±. Atha sakalajambud²pe manuss± gumbagumb± hutv± “ki½ nu kho maªgalan”ti maªgal±ni cintayi½su Tesa½ manuss±na½ ±rakkhadevat± ta½ katha½ sutv± tatheva maªgal±ni cintayi½su. T±sa½ devat±na½ bhummadevat± mitt± honti, atha tato sutv± bhummadevat±pi tatheva maªgal±ni cintayi½su. T±sampi devat±na½ ±k±saµµhadevat± mitt± honti, ±k±saµµhadevat±na½ c±tumah±r±jikadevat±. Eteneva up±yena y±va sudass²devat±na½ akaniµµhadevat± mitt± honti, atha tato sutv± akaniµµhadevat±pi tatheva gumbagumb± hutv± maªgal±ni cintayi½su. Eva½ dasasahassacakkav±¼esu sabbattha maªgalacint± udap±di. Uppann± ca s± “ida½ maªgala½ ida½ maªgalan”ti vinicchiyam±n±pi appatt± eva vinicchaya½ dv±dasa vass±ni aµµh±si. Sabbe manuss± ca dev± ca brahm±no ca µhapetv± ariyas±vake diµµhasutamutavasena tidh± bhinn±. Ekopi “idameva maªgalan”ti yath±bhuccato niµµhaªgato n±hosi, maªgalakol±hala½ loke uppajji. Kol±hala½ n±ma pañcavidha½– kappakol±hala½, cakkavattikol±hala½, buddhakol±hala½, maªgalakol±hala½, moneyyakol±halanti. Tattha k±m±vacaradev± muttasir± vikiººakes± rudammukh± ass³ni hatthehi puñcham±n± rattavatthanivatth± ativiya vir³pavesadh±rino hutv±, “vassasatasahassassa accayena kappuµµh±na½ bhavissati. Aya½ loko vinassissati, mah±samuddo sussissati, ayañca mah±pathav² sineru ca pabbatar±j± u¹¹hayhissati vinassissati, y±va brahmalok± lokavin±so bhavissati. Metta½, m±ris±, bh±vetha, karuºa½ mudita½ upekkha½, m±ris±, bh±vetha, m±tara½ upaµµhahatha, pitara½ upaµµhahatha, kule jeµµh±pac±yino hotha, j±garatha m± pam±datth±”ti manussapathe vicaritv± ±rocenti. Ida½ kappakol±hala½ n±ma. K±m±vacaradev±yeva “vassasatassaccayena cakkavattir±j± loke uppajjissat²”ti manussapathe vicaritv± ±rocenti. Ida½ cakkavattikol±hala½ n±ma. Suddh±v±s± pana dev± brahm±bharaºena alaªkaritv± brahmaveµhana½ s²se katv± p²tisomanassaj±t± buddhaguºav±dino “vassasahassassa accayena buddho loke uppajjissat²”ti manussapathe vicaritv± ±rocenti. Ida½ buddhakol±hala½ n±ma. Suddh±v±s± eva dev± manuss±na½ citta½ ñatv± “dv±dasanna½ vass±na½ accayena samm±sambuddho maªgala½ kathessat²”ti manussapathe vicaritv± ±rocenti. Ida½ maªgalakol±hala½ n±ma. Suddh±v±s± eva dev± “sattanna½ vass±na½ accayena aññataro bhikkhu bhagavat± saddhi½ sam±gamma moneyyapaµipada½ pucchissat²”ti manussapathe vicaritv± ±rocenti. Ida½ moneyyakol±hala½ n±ma. Imesu pañcasu kol±halesu diµµhamaªgal±divasena tidh± bhinnesu devamanussesu ida½ maªgalakol±hala½ loke uppajji. Atha devesu ca manussesu ca vicinitv± vicinitv± maªgal±ni alabham±nesu dv±dasanna½ vass±na½ accayena t±vati½sak±yik± devat± saªgamma sam±gamma eva½ samacintesu½– “seyyath±pi n±ma, m±ris±, gharas±miko antogharajan±na½, g±mas±miko g±mav±s²na½, r±j± sabbamanuss±na½, evameva½ aya½ sakko dev±namindo amh±ka½ aggo ca seµµho ca yadida½ puññena tejena issariyena paññ±ya dvinna½ devalok±na½ adhipati. Ya½n³na maya½ sakka½ dev±naminda½ etamattha½ puccheyy±m±”ti. T± sakkassa santika½ gantv± sakka½ dev±naminda½ taªkhaº±nur³paniv±san±bharaºasassirikasar²ra½ a¹¹hateyyakoµi-acchar±gaºaparivuta½ p±ricchattakam³le paº¹ukambalavar±sane nisinna½ abhiv±detv± ekamanta½ µhatv± etadavocu½– “yagghe, m±risa, j±neyy±si, etarahi maªgalapañh± samuµµhit±, eke diµµha½ maªgalanti vadanti, eke suta½ maªgalanti vadanti, eke muta½ maªgalanti vadanti. Tattha mayañca aññe ca aniµµhaªgat±, s±dhu vata no tva½ y±th±vato by±karoh²”ti. Devar±j± pakatiy±pi paññav± “aya½ maªgalakath± kattha paµhama½ samuµµhit±”ti ±ha. “Maya½ deva c±tumah±r±jik±na½ assumh±”ti ±ha½su. Tato c±tumah±r±jik± ±k±saµµhadevat±na½, ±k±saµµhadevat± bhummadevat±na½, bhummadevat± manuss±rakkhadevat±na½, manuss±rakkhadevat± “manussaloke samuµµhit±”ti ±ha½su. Atha dev±namindo “samm±sambuddho kattha vasat²”ti pucchi. “Manussaloke, dev±”ti ±ha½su. “Ta½ bhagavanta½ koci pucch²”ti ±ha. “Na koci dev±”ti. “Ki½ nu kho n±ma tumhe m±ris± aggi½ cha¹¹etv± khajjopanaka½ ujj±letha, ye anavasesamaªgaladesaka½ ta½ bhagavanta½ atikkamitv± ma½ pucchitabba½ maññatha? ¾gacchatha, m±ris±, ta½ bhagavanta½ pucch±ma, addh± sassirika½ pañhaby±karaºa½ labhiss±m±”ti eka½ devaputta½ ±º±pesi– “tva½ bhagavanta½ pucch±”ti. So devaputto taªkhaº±nur³pena alaªk±rena att±na½ alaªkaritv± vijjuriva vijjotam±no devagaºaparivuto jetavanamah±vih±ra½ ±gantv± bhagavanta½ abhiv±detv± ekamanta½ µhatv± maªgalapañha½ pucchanto g±th±ya ajjhabh±si. Bhagav± tassa ta½ pañha½ vissajjento ima½ suttamabh±si. Tattha eva½ me sutanti-±d²namattho saªkhepato kasibh±radv±jasuttavaººan±ya½ vutto, vitth±ra½ pana icchantehi papañcas³daniy± majjhimaµµhakath±ya½ vuttanayena gahetabbo. Kasibh±radv±jasutte ca “magadhesu viharati dakkhiº±girismi½ ekan±¼±ya½ br±hmaºag±me”ti vutta½, idha “s±vatthiya½ viharati jetavane an±thapiº¹ikassa ±r±me”ti. Tasm± “s±vatthiyan”ti ima½ pada½ ±di½ katv± idha apubbapadavaººana½ kariss±ma. Seyyathida½, s±vatthiyanti eva½n±make nagare. Ta½ kira savatthassa n±ma isino niv±saµµh±na½ ahosi. Tasm± yath± kusambassa niv±so kosamb², k±kaº¹assa niv±so k±kaº¹²ti, eva½ itthiliªgavasena “s±vatth²”ti vuccati. Por±º± pana vaººayanti– yasm± tasmi½ µh±ne satthasam±yoge “ki½bhaº¹amatth²”ti pucchite “sabbamatth²”ti ±ha½su, tasm± ta½ vacanamup±d±ya “s±vatth²”ti vuccati. Tassa½ s±vatthiya½. Etenassa gocarag±mo d²pito hoti. Jeto n±ma r±jakum±ro, tena ropitasa½va¹¹hitatt± tassa jetassa vananti jetavana½, tasmi½ jetavane. An±th±na½ piº¹o etasmi½ atth²ti an±thapiº¹iko, tassa an±thapiº¹ikassa. An±thapiº¹ikena gahapatin± catupaºº±sakoµiparicc±gena niµµh±pit±r±meti attho. Etenassa pabbajit±nur³paniv±sok±so d²pito hoti. Ath±ti avicchedatthe, khoti adhik±rantaranidassanatthe nip±to. Tena avicchinneyeva tattha bhagavato vih±re “idamadhik±rantara½ udap±d²”ti dasseti. Ki½ tanti? Aññatar± devat±ti-±di. Tattha aññatar±ti aniyamitaniddeso. S± hi n±magottato ap±kaµ±, tasm± “aññatar±”ti vutt±. Devo eva devat±, itthipurisas±dh±raºameta½. Idha pana puriso eva so devaputto, kintu s±dh±raºan±mavasena “devat±”ti vutto. Abhikkant±ya rattiy±ti ettha abhikkantasaddo khayasundar±bhir³pa-abbhanumodan±d²su dissati. Tattha “abhikkant±, bhante, ratti, nikkhanto paµhamo y±mo, ciranisinno bhikkhusaªgho. Uddisatu, bhagav± bhikkh³na½ p±timokkhan”ti evam±d²su (c³¼ava. 383; a. ni. 8.20; ud±. 45) khaye dissati. “Aya½ imesa½ catunna½ puggal±na½ abhikkantataro ca paº²tataro c±”ti evam±d²su (a. ni. 4.100) sundare.
“Ko me vandati p±d±ni, iddhiy± yasas± jala½;
abhikkantena vaººena, sabb± obh±saya½ dis±”ti. (Vi. va. 857)–
Evam±d²su abhir³pe. “Abhikkanta½, bho gotama, abhikkanta½, bho gotam±”ti evam±d²su (a. ni. 2.16; p±r±. 15) abbhanumodane. Idha pana khaye. Tena abhikkant±ya rattiy±, parikkh²º±ya rattiy±ti vutta½ hoti.
Abhikkantavaºº±ti ettha abhikkantasaddo abhir³pe, vaººasaddo pana chavithutikulavaggak±raºasaºµh±nappam±ºar³p±yatan±d²su dissati. Tattha “suvaººavaººosi bhagav±”ti evam±d²su (ma. ni. 2.399; su. ni. 553) chaviya½. “Kad± saññ³¼h± pana te, gahapati, ime samaºassa gotamassa vaºº±”ti evam±d²su (ma. ni. 2.77) thutiya½. “Catt±rome, bho gotama, vaºº±”ti evam±d²su (d². ni. 3.115) kulavagge. “Atha kena nu vaººena, gandhatthenoti vuccat²”ti evam±d²su (sa½. ni. 1.234) k±raºe. “Mahanta½ hatthir±javaººa½ abhinimminitv±”ti evam±d²su (sa½. ni. 1.138) saºµh±ne. “Tayo pattassa vaºº±”ti evam±d²su pam±ºe. “Vaººo gandho raso oj±”ti evam±d²su r³p±yatane. So idha chaviya½ daµµhabbo. Tena abhikkantavaºº± abhir³pacchav²ti vutta½ hoti.