Aya½ panettha piº¹attho– yath± paµhamagimhan±make b±lavasante n±n±vidharukkhagahane vane supupphitaggas±kho taruºarukkhagacchapariy±yan±mo pagumbo ativiya sassiriko hoti, evameva½ khandh±yatan±d²hi satipaµµh±nasammappadh±n±d²hi s²lasam±dhikkhandh±d²hi v± n±nappak±rehi atthappabhedapupphehi ativiya sassirikatt± tath³pama½ nibb±nag±mimaggad²panato nibb±nag±mi½ pariyattidhammavara½ neva l±bhahetu na sakk±r±dihetu, kevalañhi mah±karuº±ya abbhuss±hitahadayo satt±na½ parama½hit±ya adesay²ti. Parama½hit±y±ti ettha ca g±th±bandhasukhattha½ anun±siko, aya½ panattho “paramahit±ya nibb±n±ya adesay²”ti.

Eva½ bhagav± ima½ supupphitaggavanappagumbasadisa½ pariyattidhamma½ vatv± id±ni tameva niss±ya buddh±dhiµµh±na½ saccavacana½ payuñjati “idampi buddhe”ti. Tassattho pubbe vuttanayeneva veditabbo, kevala½ pana idampi yath±vuttappak±rapariyattidhammasaªkh±ta½ buddhe ratana½ paº²tanti yojetabba½. Imiss±pi g±th±ya ±º± koµisatasahassacakkav±¼esu amanussehi paµiggahit±ti.

237. Eva½ bhagav± pariyattidhammena buddh±dhiµµh±na½ sacca½ vatv± id±ni lokuttaradhammena vattum±raddho “varo varaññ³”ti. Tattha varoti paº²t±dhimuttikehi icchito “aho vata mayampi evar³p± ass±m±”ti, varaguºayogato v± varo, uttamo seµµhoti attho. Varaññ³ti nibb±naññ³. Nibb±nañhi sabbadhamm±na½ uttamaµµhena vara½, tañcesa bodhim³le saya½ paµivijjhitv± aññ±si. Varadoti pañcavaggiyabhaddavaggiyajaµil±d²na½ aññesañca devamanuss±na½ nibbedhabh±giyav±san±bh±giyavaradhammad±y²ti attho. Var±haroti varassa maggassa ±haµatt± var±haroti vuccati. So hi bhagav± d²paªkarato pabhuti samati½sa p±ramiyo p³rento pubbakehi samm±sambuddhehi anuy±ta½ pur±ºa½ maggavara½ ±hari, tena var±haroti vuccati. Apica sabbaññutaññ±ºapaµil±bhena varo, nibb±nasacchikiriy±ya varaññ³, satt±na½ vimuttisukhad±nena varado, uttamapaµipad±haraºena var±haro, etehi lokuttaraguºehi adhikassa kassaci abh±vato anuttaro.

Aparo nayo– varo upasam±dhiµµh±naparip³raºena, varaññ³ paññ±dhiµµh±naparip³raºena, varado c±g±dhiµµh±naparip³raºena, var±haro sacc±dhiµµh±naparip³raºena, vara½ maggasaccam±har²ti. Tath± varo puññussayena, varaññ³ paññussayena, varado buddhabh±vatthik±na½ tadup±yasampad±nena, var±haro paccekabuddhabh±vatthik±na½ tadup±y±haraºena, anuttaro tattha tattha asadisat±ya, attan± v± an±cariyako hutv± paresa½ ±cariyabh±vena, dhammavara½ adesayi s±vakabh±vatthik±na½ tadatth±ya sv±kh±tat±diguºayuttassa varadhammassa desanato. Sesa½ vuttanayamev±ti.

Eva½ bhagav± navavidhena lokuttaradhammena attano guºa½ vatv± id±ni tameva guºa½ niss±ya buddh±dhiµµh±na½ saccavacana½ payuñjati “idampi buddhe”ti. Tassattho pubbe vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Kevala½ pana ya½ vara½ navalokuttaradhamma½ esa aññ±si, yañca ad±si, yañca ±hari, yañca adesayi, idampi buddhe ratana½ paº²tanti eva½ yojetabba½. Imiss±pi g±th±ya ±º± koµisatasahassacakkav±¼esu amanussehi paµiggahit±ti.

238. Eva½ bhagav± pariyattidhamma½ lokuttaradhammañca niss±ya dv²hi g±th±hi buddh±dhiµµh±na½ sacca½ vatv± id±ni ye ta½ pariyattidhamma½ assosu½ sut±nus±rena ca paµipajjitv± navappak±rampi lokuttaradhamma½ adhigami½su, tesa½ anup±disesanibb±nappattiguºa½ niss±ya puna saªgh±dhiµµh±na½ sacca½ vattum±raddho “kh²ºa½ pur±ºan”ti. Tattha kh²ºanti samucchinna½. Pur±ºanti pur±tana½. Navanti sampati vattam±na½. Natthisambhavanti avijjam±nap±tubh±va½. Virattacitt±ti vigatar±gacitt±. ¾yatike bhavasminti an±gatamaddh±na½ punabbhave. Teti yesa½ kh²ºa½ pur±ºa½ nava½ natthisambhava½, ye ca ±yatike bhavasmi½ virattacitt±, te kh²º±sav± bhikkh³. Kh²ºab²j±ti ucchinnab²j±. Avir³¼hichand±ti vir³¼hichandavirahit±. Nibbant²ti vijjh±yanti. Dh²r±ti dhitisampann±. Yath±ya½ pad²poti aya½ pad²po viya.

Ki½ vutta½ hoti? Ya½ ta½ satt±na½ uppajjitv± niruddhampi pur±ºa½ at²tak±lika½ kamma½ taºh±sinehassa appah²natt± paµisandhi-±haraºasamatthat±ya akh²ºa½yeva hoti, ta½ pur±ºa½ kamma½ yesa½ arahattamaggena taºh±sinehassa sositatt± aggin± da¹¹hab²jamiva ±yati½ vip±kad±n±samatthat±ya kh²ºa½. Yañca nesa½ buddhap³j±divasena id±ni pavattam±na½ kamma½ navanti vuccati, tañca taºh±pah±neneva chinnam³lap±dapapupphamiva ±yati½ phalad±n±samatthat±ya yesa½ natthisambhava½, ye ca taºh±pah±neneva ±yatike bhavasmi½ virattacitt±, te kh²º±sav± bhikkh³ “kamma½ khetta½ viññ±ºa½ b²jan”ti (a. ni. 3.77) ettha vuttassa paµisandhiviññ±ºassa kammakkhayeneva kh²ºatt± kh²ºab²j±. Yopi pubbe punabbhavasaªkh±t±ya vir³¼hiy± chando ahosi, tass±pi samudayappah±neneva pah²natt± pubbe viya cutik±le asambhavena avir³¼hichand± dhitisampannatt± dh²r± carimaviññ±ºanirodhena yath±ya½ pad²po nibbuto, eva½ nibbanti, puna “r³pino v± ar³pino v±”ti evam±di½ paññattipatha½ accent²ti. Tasmi½ kira samaye nagaradevat±na½ p³janatth±ya j±litesu pad²pesu eko pad²po vijjh±yi, ta½ dassento ±ha– “yath±ya½ pad²po”ti.

Eva½ bhagav± ye ta½ purim±hi dv²hi g±th±hi vutta½ pariyattidhamma½ assosu½, sut±nus±reneva paµipajjitv± navappak±rampi lokuttaradhamma½ adhigami½su, tesa½ anup±disesanibb±nappattiguºa½ vatv± id±ni tameva guºa½ niss±ya saªgh±dhiµµh±na½ saccavacana½ payuñjanto desana½ sam±pesi “idampi saªghe”ti. Tassattho pubbe vuttanayeneva veditabbo, kevala½ pana idampi yath±vuttena pak±rena kh²º±savabhikkh³na½ nibb±nasaªkh±ta½ saªghe ratana½ paº²tanti eva½ yojetabba½. Imiss±pi g±th±ya ±º± koµisatasahassacakkav±¼esu amanussehi paµiggahit±ti.

Desan±pariyos±ne r±jakulassa sotthi ahosi, sabb³paddav± v³pasami½su catur±s²tiy± p±ºasahass±na½ dhamm±bhisamayo ahosi.

239-241. Atha sakko dev±namindo “bhagavat± ratanattayaguºa½ niss±ya saccavacana½ payuñjam±nena n±garassa sotthi kat±, may±pi n±garassa sotthittha½ ratanattayaguºa½ niss±ya kiñci vattabban”ti cintetv± avas±ne g±th±ttaya½ abh±si “y±n²dha bh³t±n²”ti. Tattha yasm± buddho yath± lokahitatth±ya ussukka½ ±pannehi ±gantabba½, tath± ±gatato, yath± ca etehi gantabba½, tath± gatato, yath± v± etehi ±j±nitabba½, tath± ±j±nanato, yath± ca j±nitabba½, tath± j±nanato, yañca tatheva hoti, tassa gadanato ca “tath±gato”ti vuccati. Yasm± ca so devamanussehi pupphagandh±din± bahinibbattena upakaraºena, dhamm±nudhammappaµipatt±din± ca attani nibbattena ativiya p³jito, tasm± sakko dev±namindo sabbadevaparisa½ attan± saddhi½ sampiº¹etv± ±ha “tath±gata½ devamanussap³jita½, buddha½ namass±ma suvatthi hot³”ti.

Yasm± pana dhamme maggadhammo yath± yuganandha samathavipassan±balena gantabba½ kilesapakkha½ samucchindantena, tath± gatoti tath±gato. Nibb±nadhammopi yath± gato paññ±ya paµividdho sabbadukkhavigh±t±ya sampajjati, buddh±d²hi tath± avagato, tasm± “tath±gato”ti vuccati. Yasm± ca saªghopi yath± attahit±ya paµipannehi gantabba½ tena tena maggena, tath± gato, tasm± “tath±gato” tveva vuccati. Tasm± avasesag±th±dvayepi tath±gata½ dhamma½ namass±ma suvatthi hotu, tath±gata½ saªgha½ namass±ma suvatthi hot³ti vutta½. Sesa½ vuttanayamev±ti.

Eva½ sakko dev±namindo ima½ g±th±ttaya½ bh±sitv± bhagavanta½ padakkhiºa½ katv± devapurameva gato saddhi½ devaparis±ya. Bhagav± pana tadeva ratanasutta½ dutiyadivasepi desesi, puna catur±s²tiy± p±ºasahass±na½ dhamm±bhisamayo ahosi. Eva½ bhagav± y±va sattama½ divasa½ desesi, divase divase tatheva dhamm±bhisamayo ahosi. Bhagav± a¹¹ham±sameva ves±liya½ viharitv± r±j³na½ “gacch±m±”ti paµivedesi. Tato r±j±no diguºena sakk±rena puna t²hi divasehi bhagavanta½ gaªg±t²ra½ nayi½su. Gaªg±ya½ nibbatt± n±gar±j±no cintesu½– “manuss± tath±gatassa sakk±ra½ karonti, maya½ ki½ na kariss±m±”ti suvaººarajatamaºimay± n±v±yo m±petv± suvaººarajatamaºimaye eva pallaªke paññ±petv± pañcavaººapadumasañchanna½ udaka½ karitv± “amh±ka½ anuggaha½ karoth±”ti bhagavanta½ upagat±. Bhagav± adhiv±setv± ratanan±vam±r³¼ho pañca ca bhikkhusat±ni saka½ saka½ n±va½. N±gar±j±no bhagavanta½ saddhi½ bhikkhusaªghena n±gabhavana½ pavesesu½. Tatra suda½ bhagav± sabbaratti½ n±gaparis±ya dhamma½ desesi. Dutiyadivase dibbehi kh±dan²yabhojan²yehi mah±d±na½ ada½su. Bhagav± anumoditv± n±gabhavan± nikkhami.

Bh³maµµh± dev± “manuss± ca n±g± ca tath±gatassa sakk±ra½ karonti, maya½ ki½ na kariss±m±”ti cintetv± vanagumbarukkhapabbat±d²su chatt±tichatt±ni ukkhipi½su. Eteneva up±yena y±va akaniµµhabrahmabhavana½, t±va mah±sakk±raviseso nibbatti. Bimbis±ropi licchav²hi ±gatak±le katasakk±rato diguºamak±si, pubbe vuttanayeneva pañcahi divasehi bhagavanta½ r±jagaha½ ±nesi.

R±jagahamanuppatte bhagavati pacch±bhatta½ maº¹alam±¼e sannipatit±na½ bhikkh³na½ ayamantarakath± udap±di– “aho buddhassa bhagavato ±nubh±vo, ya½ uddissa gaªg±ya orato ca p±rato ca aµµhayojano bh³mibh±go ninnañca thalañca sama½ katv± v±luk±ya okiritv± pupphehi sañchanno, yojanappam±ºa½ gaªg±ya udaka½ n±n±vaººehi padumehi sañchanna½, y±va akaniµµhabhavan± chatt±tichatt±ni ussit±n²”ti. Bhagav± ta½ pavatti½ ñatv± gandhakuµito nikkhamitv± taªkhaº±nur³pena p±µih±riyena gantv± maº¹alam±¼e paññattavarabuddh±sane nis²di. Nisajja kho bhagav± bhikkh³ ±mantesi– “k±ya nuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kath±ya sannisinn±”ti? Bhikkh³ sabba½ ±rocesu½. Bhagav± etadavoca– “na, bhikkhave, aya½ p³j±viseso mayha½ buddh±nubh±vena nibbatto, na n±gadevabrahm±nubh±vena, apica kho pubbe appamattakaparicc±g±nubh±vena nibbatto”ti. Bhikkh³ ±ha½su– “na maya½, bhante, ta½ appamattaka½ paricc±ga½ j±n±ma, s±dhu no bhagav± tath± kathetu, yath± maya½ ta½ j±neyy±m±”ti.

Bhagav± ±ha– bh³tapubba½, bhikkhave, takkasil±ya½ saªkho n±ma br±hmaºo ahosi. Tassa putto sus²mo n±ma m±ºavo so¼asavassuddesiko vayena, so ekadivasa½ pitara½ upasaªkamitv± abhiv±detv± ekamanta½ aµµh±si. Ta½ pit± ±ha– “ki½, t±ta sus²m±”ti? So ±ha– “icch±maha½, t±ta, b±r±ºasi½ gantv± sippa½ uggahetun”ti. “Tena hi, t±ta sus²ma, asuko n±ma br±hmaºo mama sah±yako, tassa santika½ gantv± uggaºh±h²”ti kah±paºasahassa½ ad±si. So ta½ gahetv± m±t±pitaro abhiv±detv± anupubbena b±r±ºasi½ gantv± upac±rayuttena vidhin± ±cariya½ upasaªkamitv± abhiv±detv± att±na½ nivedesi. ¾cariyo “mama sah±yakassa putto”ti m±ºava½ sampaµicchitv± sabba½ p±huneyyamak±si. So addh±nakilamatha½ paµivinodetv± ta½ kah±paºasahassa½ ±cariyassa p±dam³le µhapetv± sippa½ uggahetu½ ok±sa½ y±ci. ¾cariyo ok±sa½ katv± uggaºh±pesi.

So lahuñca gaºhanto bahuñca gaºhanto gahitagahitañca suvaººabh±jane pakkhittamiva s²hatela½ avinassam±na½ dh±rento dv±dasavassika½ sippa½ katipayam±seneva pariyos±pesi. So sajjh±ya½ karonto ±dimajjha½yeva passati, no pariyos±na½. Atha ±cariya½ upasaªkamitv± ±ha– “imassa sippassa ±dimajjhameva pass±mi, pariyos±na½ na pass±m²”ti. ¾cariyo ±ha– “ahampi, t±ta, evamev±”ti. “Atha ko, ±cariya, imassa sippassa pariyos±na½ j±n±t²”ti? “Isipatane, t±ta, isayo atthi, te j±neyyun”ti. Te upasaªkamitv± “pucch±mi, ±cariy±”ti. “Puccha, t±ta, yath±sukhan”ti. So isipatana½ gantv± paccekabuddhe upasaªkamitv± pucchi– “±dimajjhapariyos±na½ j±n±th±”ti? “¾m±vuso, j±n±m±”ti. “Ta½ mampi sikkh±peth±”ti. “Tena, h±vuso, pabbaj±hi, na sakk± apabbajitena sikkhitun”ti. “S±dhu, bhante, pabb±jetha v± ma½, ya½ v± icchatha, ta½ katv± pariyos±na½ j±n±peth±”ti. Te ta½ pabb±jetv± kammaµµh±ne niyojetu½ asamatth± “eva½ te niv±setabba½, eva½ p±rupitabban”ti-±din± nayena ±bhisam±c±rika½ sikkh±pesu½. So tattha sikkhanto upanissayasampannatt± na cireneva paccekabodhi½ abhisambujjhi. Sakalab±r±ºasiya½ “sus²mapaccekabuddho”ti p±kaµo ahosi l±bhaggayasaggappatto sampannapariv±ro. So app±yukasa½vattanikassa kammassa katatt± na cireneva parinibb±yi. Tassa paccekabuddh± ca mah±janak±yo ca sar²rakicca½ katv± dh±tuto gahetv± nagaradv±re th³pa½ patiµµh±pesu½.

Atha kho saªkho br±hmaºo “putto me ciragato, na cassa pavatti½ j±n±m²”ti putta½ daµµhuk±mo takkasil±ya nikkhamitv± anupubbena b±r±ºasi½ patv± mah±janak±ya½ sannipatita½ disv± “addh± bah³su ekopi me puttassa pavatti½ j±nissat²”ti cintento upasaªkamitv± pucchi– “sus²mo n±ma m±ºavo idha ±gato atthi, api nu tassa pavatti½ j±n±th±”ti? Te “±ma, br±hmaºa, j±n±ma, asmi½ nagare br±hmaºassa santike tiººa½ ved±na½ p±rag³ hutv± paccekabuddh±na½ santike pabbajitv± paccekabuddho hutv± anup±dises±ya nibb±nadh±tuy± parinibb±yi, ayamassa th³po patiµµh±pito”ti ±ha½su. So bh³mi½ hatthena paharitv±, roditv± ca paridevitv± ca ta½ cetiyaªgaºa½ gantv± tiº±ni uddharitv± uttaras±µakena v±luka½ ±netv±, paccekabuddhacetiyaªgaºe ±kiritv±, kamaº¹aluto udakena samantato bh³mi½ paripphositv± vanapupphehi p³ja½ katv± uttaras±µakena paµ±ka½ ±ropetv± th³passa upari attano chatta½ bandhitv± pakk±m²ti.

Eva½ at²ta½ dassetv± ta½ j±taka½ paccuppannena anusandhento bhikkh³na½ dhammakatha½ kathesi– “siy± kho pana vo, bhikkhave, evamassa añño n³na tena samayena saªkho br±hmaºo ahos²”ti, na kho paneta½ eva½ daµµhabba½, aha½ tena samayena saªkho br±hmaºo ahosi½, may± sus²massa paccekabuddhassa cetiyaªgaºe tiº±ni uddhaµ±ni, tassa me kammassa nissandena aµµhayojanamagga½ vigatakh±ºukaºµaka½ katv± sama½ suddhamaka½su, may± tattha v±luk± okiºº±, tassa me nissandena aµµhayojanamagge v±luka½ okiri½su. May± tattha vanakusumehi p³j± kat±, tassa me nissandena navayojanamagge thale ca udake ca n±n±pupphehi pupphasanthara½ aka½su. May± tattha kamaº¹aludakena bh³mi paripphosit±, tassa me nissandena ves±liya½ pokkharavassa½ vassi. May± tasmi½ cetiye paµ±k± ±ropit±, chattañca baddha½, tassa me nissandena y±va akaniµµhabhavan± paµ±k± ca ±ropit±, chatt±tichatt±ni ca ussit±ni. Iti kho, bhikkhave, aya½ mayha½ p³j±viseso neva buddh±nubh±vena nibbatto, na n±gadevabrahm±nubh±vena, apica kho appamattakaparicc±g±nubh±vena nibbatto”ti. Dhammakath±pariyos±ne ima½ g±thamabh±si–

“Matt±sukhaparicc±g±, passe ce vipula½ sukha½;
caje matt±sukha½ dh²ro, sampassa½ vipula½ sukhan”ti. (Dha. pa. 290).

Paramatthajotik±ya khuddaka-aµµhakath±ya

Suttanip±ta-aµµhakath±ya ratanasuttavaººan± niµµhit±.