Eva½ bhagav± buddharatanassa aññehi ratanehi asamata½ vatv± id±ni tesa½ satt±na½ uppanna-upaddavav³pasamanattha½ neva j±ti½ na gotta½ na kolaputtiya½ na vaººapokkharat±di½ niss±ya, apica kho av²cimup±d±ya bhavaggapariyante loke s²lasam±dhikkhandh±d²hi guºehi buddharatanassa asadisabh±va½ niss±ya saccavacana½ payuñjati “idampi buddhe ratana½ paº²ta½, etena saccena suvatthi hot³”ti.

Tassattho– idampi idha v± hura½ v± saggesu v± ya½kiñci atthi vitta½ v± ratana½ v±, tena saddhi½ tehi tehi guºehi asamatt± buddharatana½ paº²ta½. Yadi eta½ sacca½, etena saccena imesa½ p±º²na½ sotthi hotu, sobhan±na½ atthit± hotu, arogat± nirupaddavat±ti. Ettha ca yath± “cakkhu½ kho, ±nanda, suñña½ attena v± attaniyena v±”ti-evam±d²su (sa½. ni. 4.85) attabh±vena v± attaniyabh±vena v±ti attho. Itarath± hi cakkhu att± v± attaniya½ v±ti appaµisiddhameva siy±. Eva½ ratana½ paº²tanti ratanatta½ paº²ta½, ratanabh±vo paº²toti ayamattho veditabbo. Itarath± hi buddho neva ratananti sijjheyya. Na hi yattha ratana½ atthi, ta½ ratananti sijjhati. Yattha pana citt²kat±di-atthasaªkh±ta½ yena v± tena v± vidhin± sambandhagata½ ratanatta½ atthi, yasm± ta½ ratanattamup±d±ya ratananti paññ±p²yati, tasm± tassa ratanattassa atthit±ya ratananti sijjhati. Atha v± idampi buddhe ratananti imin±pi k±raºena buddhova ratananti evampettha attho veditabbo. Vuttamatt±ya ca bhagavat± im±ya g±th±ya r±jakulassa sotthi j±t±, bhaya½ v³pasanta½. Imiss± g±th±ya ±º± koµisatasahassacakkav±¼esu amanussehi paµiggahit±ti.

227. Eva½ buddhaguºena sacca½ vatv± id±ni nibb±nadhammaguºena vattum±raddho “khaya½ vir±gan”ti. Tattha yasm± nibb±nasacchikiriy±ya r±g±dayo kh²º± honti parikkh²º±, yasm± v± ta½ tesa½ anupp±danirodhakkhayamatta½, yasm± ca ta½ r±g±diviyutta½ sampayogato ca ±rammaºato ca, yasm± v± tamhi sacchikate r±g±dayo accanta½ viratt± honti vigat± viddhast± tasm± “khayan”ti ca “vir±gan”ti ca vuccati. Yasm± panassa na upp±do paññ±yati, na vayo na µhitassa aññathatta½, tasm± ta½ na j±yati na j²yati na m²yat²ti katv± “amatan”ti vuccati, uttamaµµhena pana atappakaµµhena ca paº²tanti. Yadajjhag±ti ya½ ajjhag± vindi, paµilabhi, attano ñ±ºabalena sacch±k±si. Sakyamun²ti sakyakulappasutatt± sakyo, moneyyadhammasamann±gatatt± muni, sakyo eva muni sakyamuni. Sam±hitoti ariyamaggasam±dhin± sam±hitacitto. Na tena dhammena samatthi kiñc²ti tena khay±din±makena sakyamunin± adhigatena dhammena sama½ kiñci dhammaj±ta½ natthi. Tasm± suttantarepi vutta½ “y±vat±, bhikkhave, dhamm± saªkhat± v± asaªkhat± v±, vir±go tesa½ dhamm±na½ aggamakkh±yat²”ti-±di (a. ni. 4.34; itivu. 90).

Eva½ bhagav± nibb±nadhammassa aññehi dhammehi asamata½ vatv± id±ni tesa½ satt±na½ uppanna-upaddavav³pasamanattha½ khayavir±g±matapaº²tat±guºehi nibb±nadhammaratanassa asadisabh±va½ niss±ya saccavacana½ payuñjati “idampi dhamme ratana½ paº²ta½ etena saccena suvatthi hot³”ti. Tassattho purimag±th±ya vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Imiss±pi g±th±ya ±º± koµisatasahassacakkav±¼esu amanussehi paµiggahit±ti.

228. Eva½ nibb±nadhammaguºena sacca½ vatv± id±ni maggadhammaguºena vattum±raddho “ya½ buddhaseµµho”ti. Tattha “bujjhit± sacc±n²”ti-±din± (mah±ni. 192; c³¼ani. p±r±yanatthutig±th±niddesa 97; paµi. ma. 1.162) nayena buddho, uttamo pasa½san²yo c±ti seµµho, buddho ca so seµµho c±ti buddhaseµµho. Anubuddhapaccekabuddhasaªkh±tesu v± buddhesu seµµhoti buddhaseµµho. So buddhaseµµho ya½ parivaººay², “aµµhaªgiko ca magg±na½, khema½ nibb±nappattiy±”ti (ma. ni. 2.215) ca “ariya½ vo, bhikkhave, samm±sam±dhi½ desess±mi sa-upanisa½ saparikkh±ran”ti (ma. ni. 3.136) ca evam±din± nayena tattha tattha pasa½si pak±sayi. Sucinti kilesamalasamucchedakaraºato accantavod±na½. Sam±dhim±nantarikaññam±h³ti yañca attano pavattisamanantara½ niyameneva phalad±nato “±nantarikasam±dh²”ti ±hu. Na hi maggasam±dhiñhi uppanne tassa phaluppattinisedhako koci antar±yo atthi. Yath±ha–

“Ayañca puggalo sot±pattiphalasacchikiriy±ya paµipanno assa, kappassa ca u¹¹ayhanavel± assa, neva t±va kappo u¹¹ayheyya, y±v±ya½ puggalo na sot±pattiphala½ sacchikaroti, aya½ vuccati puggalo µhitakapp². Sabbepi maggasamaªgino puggal± µhitakappino”ti (pu. pa. 17).

Sam±dhin± tena samo na vijjat²ti tena buddhaseµµhaparivaººitena sucin± ±nantarikasam±dhin± samo r³p±vacarasam±dhi v± ar³p±vacarasam±dhi v± koci na vijjati. Kasm±? Tesa½ bh±vitatt± tattha tattha brahmaloke uppannass±pi puna niray±d²su uppattisambhavato, imassa ca arahattasam±dhissa bh±vitatt± ariyapuggalassa sabbuppattisamuggh±tasambhavato. Tasm± suttantarepi vutta½ “y±vat±, bhikkhave, dhamm± saªkhat±, ariyo aµµhaªgiko maggo tesa½ aggamakkh±yat²”ti-±di (a. ni. 4.34; itivu. 90).

Eva½ bhagav± ±nantarikasam±dhissa aññehi sam±dh²hi asamata½ vatv± id±ni purimanayeneva maggadhammaratanassa asadisabh±va½ niss±ya saccavacana½ payuñjati “idampi dhamme…pe… hot³”ti. Tassattho pubbe vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Imiss±pi g±th±ya ±º± koµisatasahassacakkav±¼esu amanussehi paµiggahit±ti.

229. Eva½ maggadhammaguºen±pi sacca½ vatv± id±ni saªghaguºen±pi vattum±raddho “ye puggal±”ti. Tattha yeti aniyametv± uddeso. Puggal±ti satt±. Aµµh±ti tesa½ gaºanaparicchedo. Te hi catt±ro ca paµipann± catt±ro ca phale µhit±ti aµµha honti. Sata½ pasatth±ti sappurisehi buddhapaccekabuddhas±vakehi aññehi ca devamanussehi pasatth±. Kasm±? Sahaj±tas²l±diguºayog±. Tesañhi campakavakulakusum±d²na½ sahaj±tavaººagandh±dayo viya sahaj±tas²lasam±dhi-±dayo guº±. Tena te vaººagandh±disampann±ni viya pupph±ni devamanuss±na½ sata½ piy± man±p± pasa½san²y± ca honti. Tena vutta½ “ye puggal± aµµhasata½ pasatth±”ti.

Atha v± yeti aniyametv± uddeso. Puggal±ti satt±. Aµµhasatanti tesa½ gaºanaparicchedo. Te hi ekab²j² kola½kolo sattakkhattuparamoti tayo sot±pann±, k±mar³p±r³pabhavesu adhigatapphal± tayo sakad±g±mino, te sabbepi catunna½ paµipad±na½ vasena catuv²sati, antar±parinibb±y², upahaccaparinibb±y², sasaªkh±raparinibb±y², asaªkh±raparinibb±y², uddha½soto akaniµµhag±m²ti, avihesu pañca, tath± atappasudassasudass²su. Akaniµµhesu pana uddha½sotavajj± catt±roti catuv²sati an±g±mino, sukkhavipassako samathay±nikoti dve arahanto, catt±ro maggaµµh±ti catupaññ±sa. Te sabbepi saddh±dhurapaññ±dhur±na½ vasena diguº± hutv± aµµhasata½ honti. Sesa½ vuttanayameva.

Catt±ri et±ni yug±ni hont²ti te sabbepi aµµha v± aµµhasata½ v±ti vitth±ravasena uddiµµhapuggal±, saªkhepavasena sot±pattimaggaµµho phalaµµhoti eka½ yuga½, eva½ y±va arahattamaggaµµho phalaµµhoti eka½ yuganti catt±ri yug±ni honti. Te dakkhiºeyy±ti ettha teti pubbe aniyametv± uddiµµh±na½ niyametv± niddeso. Ye puggal± vitth±ravasena aµµha v± aµµhasata½ v±, saªkhepavasena catt±ri yug±ni hont²ti vutt±, sabbepi te dakkhiºa½ arahant²ti dakkhiºeyy±. Dakkhiº± n±ma kammañca kammavip±kañca saddahitv± “esa me ida½ vejjakamma½ v± jaªghapesanika½ v± karissat²”ti evam±d²ni anapekkhitv± d²yam±no deyyadhammo, ta½ arahanti n±ma s²l±diguºayutt± puggal±. Ime ca t±dis±, tena vuccanti te “dakkhiºeyy±”ti.

Sugatassa s±vak±ti bhagav± sobhanena gamanena yuttatt±, sobhanañca µh±na½ gatatt±, suµµhu ca gatatt± suµµhu eva ca gadatt± sugato, tassa sugatassa. Sabbepi te vacana½ suºant²ti s±vak±. K±mañca aññepi suºanti, na pana sutv± kattabbakicca½ karonti. Ime pana sutv± kattabba½ dhamm±nudhammapaµipatti½ katv± maggaphal±ni patt±, tasm± “s±vak±”ti vuccanti. Etesu dinn±ni mahapphal±n²ti etesu sugatas±vakesu appak±nipi d±n±ni dinn±ni paµigg±hakato dakkhiº±visuddhibh±va½ upagatatt± mahapphal±ni honti. Tasm± suttantarepi vutta½–

“Y±vat±, bhikkhave, saªgh± v± gaº± v±, tath±gatas±vakasaªgho tesa½ aggamakkh±yati, yadida½ catt±ri purisayug±ni aµµha purisapuggal±, esa bhagavato s±vakasaªgho…pe… aggo vip±ko hot²”ti (a. ni. 4.34; 5.32; itivu. 90).

Eva½ bhagav± sabbesampi maggaµµhaphalaµµh±na½ vasena saªgharatanassa guºa½ vatv± id±ni tameva guºa½ niss±ya saccavacana½ payuñjati “idampi saªghe”ti. Tassattho pubbe vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Imiss±pi g±th±ya ±º± koµisatasahassacakkav±¼esu amanussehi paµiggahit±ti.

230. Eva½ maggaµµhaphalaµµh±na½ vasena saªghaguºena sacca½ vatv± id±ni tato ekacciy±na½ phalasam±pattisukhamanubhavant±na½ kh²º±savapuggal±na½yeva guºena vattum±raddho “ye suppayutt±”ti. Tattha yeti aniyamituddesavacana½. Suppayutt±ti suµµhu payutt±, anekavihita½ anesana½ pah±ya suddh±j²vita½ niss±ya vipassan±ya att±na½ payuñjitum±raddh±ti attho. Atha v± suppayutt±ti parisuddhak±yavac²payogasamann±gat±. Tena tesa½ s²lakkhandha½ dasseti. Manas± da¼hen±ti da¼hena manas±, thirasam±dhiyuttena cetas±ti attho. Tena tesa½ sam±dhikkhandha½ dasseti. Nikk±minoti k±ye ca j²vite ca anapekkh± hutv± paññ±dhurena v²riyena sabbakilesehi katanikkaman±. Tena tesa½ v²riyasampanna½ paññ±kkhandha½ dasseti.

Gotamas±sanamh²ti gottato gotamassa tath±gatasseva s±sanamhi. Tena ito bahiddh± n±nappak±rampi amaratapa½ karont±na½ suppayog±diguº±bh±vato kilesehi nikkaman±bh±va½ d²peti. Teti pubbe uddiµµh±na½ niddesavacana½. Pattipatt±ti ettha pattabb±ti patti, pattabb± n±ma pattu½ arah±, ya½ patv± accantayogakkhemino honti, arahattaphalasseta½ adhivacana½, ta½ patti½ patt±ti pattipatt±. Amatanti nibb±na½. Vigayh±ti ±rammaºavasena vig±hitv±. Laddh±ti labhitv±. Mudh±ti abyayena k±kaºikamattampi byaya½ akatv±. Nibbutinti paµippassaddhakilesadaratha½ phalasam±patti½. Bhuñjam±n±ti anubhavam±n±. Ki½ vutta½ hoti? Ye imasmi½ gotamas±sanamhi s²lasampannatt± suppayutt±, sam±dhisampannatt± manas± da¼hena, paññ±sampannatt± nikk±mino, te im±ya samm±paµipad±ya amata½ vigayha mudh± laddh± phalasam±pattisaññita½ nibbuti½ bhuñjam±n± pattipatt± n±ma hont²ti.

Eva½ bhagav± phalasam±pattisukhamanubhavant±na½ kh²º±savapuggal±na½yeva vasena saªgharatanassa guºa½ vatv± id±ni tameva guºa½ niss±ya saccavacana½ payuñjati “idampi saªghe”ti. Tassattho pubbe vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Imiss±pi g±th±ya ±º± koµisatasahassacakkav±¼esu amanussehi paµiggahit±ti.