2. C³¼avaggo

1. Ratanasuttavaººan±

Y±n²dha bh³t±n²ti ratanasutta½. K± uppatti? At²te kira ves±liya½ dubbhikkh±dayo upaddav± uppajji½su. Tesa½ v³pasamanatth±ya licchavayo r±jagaha½ gantv±, y±citv±, bhagavanta½ ves±lim±nayi½su. Eva½ ±n²to bhagav± tesa½ upaddav±na½ v³pasamanatth±ya ida½ suttamabh±si. Ayamettha saªkhepo. Por±º± panassa ves±livatthuto pabhuti uppatti½ vaººayanti. S± eva½ veditabb±– b±r±ºasirañño kira aggamahesiy± kucchimhi gabbho saºµh±si. S± ta½ ñatv± rañño nivedesi. R±j± gabbhaparih±ra½ ad±si. S± samm± parihariyam±nagabbh± gabbhaparip±kak±le vij±yanaghara½ p±visi. Puññavat²na½ pacc³sasamaye gabbhavuµµh±na½ hoti, s± ca t±sa½ aññatar±, tena pacc³sasamaye alattakapaµalabandhuj²vakapupphasadisa½ ma½sapesi½ vij±yi. Tato “aññ± deviyo suvaººabimbasadise putte vij±yanti, aggamahes² ma½sapesinti rañño purato mama avaººo uppajjeyy±”ti cintetv± tena avaººabhayena ta½ ma½sapesi½ ekasmi½ bh±jane pakkhipitv± aññena paµikujjitv± r±jamuddik±ya lañchetv± gaªg±ya sote pakkhip±pesi. Manussehi cha¹¹itamatte devat± ±rakkha½ sa½vidahi½su. Suvaººapaµµikañcettha j±tihiªgulakena “b±r±ºasirañño aggamahesiy± paj±”ti likhitv± bandhi½su. Tato ta½ bh±jana½ ³mibhay±d²hi anupadduta½ gaªg±ya sotena p±y±si.

Tena ca samayena aññataro t±paso gop±lakula½ niss±ya gaªg±ya t²re vasati. So p±tovagaªga½ otiººo ta½ bh±jana½ ±gacchanta½ disv± pa½suk³lasaññ±ya aggahesi. Tato tattha ta½ akkharapaµµika½ r±jamuddik±lañchanañca disv± muñcitv± ta½ ma½sapesi½ addasa. Disv±nassa etadahosi– “siy± gabbho, tath± hissa duggandhap³tibh±vo natth²”ti ta½ assama½ netv± suddhe ok±se µhapesi. Atha a¹¹ham±saccayena dve ma½sapesiyo ahesu½. T±paso disv± s±dhukatara½ µhapesi. Tato puna addham±saccayena ekamekiss± pesiy± hatthap±das²s±namatth±ya pañca pañca pi¼ak± uµµhahi½su. Atha tato addham±saccayena ek± ma½sapesi suvaººabimbasadiso d±rako; ek± d±rik± ahosi. Tesu t±pasassa puttasineho uppajji, aªguµµhato cassa kh²ra½ nibbatti, tato pabhuti ca kh²rabhatta½ labhati. So bhatta½ bhuñjitv± kh²ra½ d±rak±na½ mukhe ±siñcati. Tesa½ ya½ ya½ udara½ pavisati, ta½ sabba½ maºibh±janagata½ viya dissati. Eva½ nicchav² ahesu½. Apare pana ±hu– “sibbitv± µhapit± viya nesa½ aññamañña½ l²n± chavi ahos²”ti. Eva½ te nicchavit±ya v± l²nacchavit±ya v± licchav²ti paññ±yi½su.

T±paso d±rake posento uss³re g±ma½ piº¹±ya pavisati, atidiv± paµikkamati. Tassa ta½ by±p±ra½ ñatv± gop±lak± ±ha½su– “bhante, pabbajit±na½ d±rakaposana½ palibodho, amh±ka½ d±rake detha, maya½ posess±ma, tumhe attano kamma½ karoth±”ti. T±paso “s±dh³”ti paµissuºi. Gop±lak± dutiyadivase magga½ sama½ katv±, pupphehi okiritv±; dhajapaµ±k± uss±petv± t³riyehi vajjam±nehi assama½ ±gat±. T±paso “mah±puññ± d±rak±, appam±dena va¹¹hetha, va¹¹hetv± ca aññamañña½ ±v±haviv±ha½ karotha, pañcagorasena r±j±na½ tosetv± bh³mibh±ga½ gahetv± nagara½ m±petha, tatra kum±ra½ abhisiñcath±”ti vatv± d±rake ad±si. Te “s±dh³”ti paµissuºitv± d±rake netv± posesu½.

D±rak± va¹¹himanv±ya k²¼ant± viv±daµµh±nesu aññe gop±lad±rake hatthenapi p±denapi paharanti, te rodanti. “Kissa rodath±”ti ca m±t±pit³hi vutt± “ime nimm±t±pitik± t±pasaposit± amhe at²va paharant²”ti vadanti. Tato tesa½ m±t±pitaro “ime d±rak± aññe d±rake viheµhenti dukkh±penti, na ime saªgahetabb±, vajjetabb± ime”ti ±ha½su. Tato pabhuti kira so padeso “vajj²”ti vuccati yojanasata½ parim±ºena. Atha ta½ padesa½ gop±lak± r±j±na½ tosetv± aggahesu½. Tattheva nagara½ m±petv± so¼asavassuddesika½ kum±ra½ abhisiñcitv± r±j±na½ aka½su. T±ya cassa d±rik±ya saddhi½ v±reyya½ katv± katika½ aka½su– “na b±hirato d±rik± ±netabb±, ito d±rik± na kassaci d±tabb±”ti. Tesa½ paµhamasa½v±sena dve d±rak± j±t± dh²t± ca putto ca, eva½ so¼asakkhattu½ dve dve j±t±. Tato tesa½ d±rak±na½ yath±kkama½ va¹¹hant±na½ ±r±muyy±naniv±sanaµµh±napariv±rasampatti½ gahetu½ appahonta½ ta½ nagara½ tikkhattu½ g±vutantarena g±vutantarena p±k±rena parikkhipi½su. Tassa punappuna½ vis±l²katatt± ves±l²tveva n±ma½ j±ta½. Ida½ ves±l²vatthu.

Aya½ pana ves±l² bhagavato uppannak±le iddh± vepullappatt± ahosi. Tattha hi r±j³na½yeva satta sahass±ni satta ca sat±ni satta ca r±j±no ahesu½, tath± yuvar±jasen±patibhaº¹±g±rikappabhut²na½. Yath±ha–

“Tena kho pana samayena ves±l² iddh± ceva hoti ph²t± ca bahujan± ±kiººamanuss± subhikkh± ca, satta ca p±s±dasahass±ni, satta ca p±s±dasat±ni, satta ca p±s±d±, satta ca k³µ±g±rasahass±ni, satta ca k³µ±g±rasat±ni, satta ca k³µ±g±r±ni, satta ca ±r±masahass±ni, satta ca ±r±masat±ni, satta ca ±r±m±, satta ca pokkharaºisahass±ni, satta ca pokkharaºisat±ni, satta ca pokkharaºiyo”ti (mah±va. 326).

S± aparena samayena dubbhikkh± ahosi dubbuµµhik± dussass±. Paµhama½ duggatamanuss± maranti, te bahiddh± cha¹¹enti. Matamanuss±na½ kuºapagandhena amanuss± nagara½ pavisi½su. Tato bahutar± m²yanti, t±ya paµik³lat±ya ca satt±na½ ahiv±takarogo uppajji. Iti t²hi dubbhikkha-amanussarogabhayehi upaddut±ya ves±liy± nagarav±sino upasaªkamitv± r±j±nam±ha½su– “mah±r±ja, imasmi½ nagare tividha½ bhayamuppanna½, ito pubbe y±va sattam± r±jakulaparivaµµ± evar³pa½ anuppannapubba½, tumh±ka½ maññe adhammikattena etarahi uppannan”ti. R±j± sabbe santh±g±re sannip±t±petv±, “mayha½ adhammikabh±va½ vicinath±”ti ±ha. Te sabba½ paveºi½ vicinant± na kiñci addasa½su.

Tato rañño dosa½ adisv± “ida½ bhaya½ amh±ka½ katha½ v³pasameyy±”ti cintesu½. Tattha ekacce cha satth±ro apadisi½su– “etehi okkantamatte v³pasamissat²”ti. Ekacce ±ha½su– “buddho kira loke uppanno, so bhagav± sabbasattahit±ya dhamma½ deseti mahiddhiko mah±nubh±vo, tena okkantamatte sabbabhay±ni v³pasameyyun”ti. Tena te attaman± hutv± “kaha½ pana so bhagav± etarahi viharati, amhehi v± pesite ±gaccheyy±”ti ±ha½su. Ath±pare ±ha½su– “buddh± n±ma anukampak±, kissa n±gaccheyyu½, so pana bhagav± etarahi r±jagahe viharati, r±j± ca bimbis±ro ta½ upaµµhahati, kad±ci so ±gantu½ na dadeyy±”ti. “Tena hi r±j±na½ saññ±petv± ±ness±m±”ti dve licchavir±j±no mahat± balak±yena pah³ta½ paºº±k±ra½ datv± rañño santika½ pesesu½– “bimbis±ra½ saññ±petv± bhagavanta½ ±neth±”ti. Te gantv± rañño paºº±k±ra½ datv± ta½ pavatti½ nivedetv± “mah±r±ja, bhagavanta½ amh±ka½ nagara½ peseh²”ti ±ha½su. R±j± na sampaµicchi– “tumhe eva j±n±th±”ti ±ha. Te bhagavanta½ upasaªkamitv± vanditv± evam±ha½su– “bhante, amh±ka½ nagare t²ºi bhay±ni uppann±ni. Sace bhagav± ±gaccheyya, sotthi no bhaveyy±”ti. Bhagav± ±vajjetv± “ves±liya½ ratanasutte vutte s± rakkh± koµisatasahassacakkav±¼±ni pharissati, suttapariyos±ne catur±s²tiy± p±ºasahass±na½ dhamm±bhisamayo bhavissat²”ti adhiv±sesi. Atha r±j± bimbis±ro bhagavato adhiv±sana½ sutv± “bhagavat± ves±ligamana½ adhiv±sitan”ti nagare ghosana½ k±r±petv± bhagavanta½ upasaªkamitv± ±ha– “ki½, bhante, sampaµicchittha ves±ligamanan”ti? “¾ma, mah±r±j±”ti. “Tena hi, bhante, ±gametha, y±va magga½ paµiy±dem²”ti.

Atha kho r±j± bimbis±ro r±jagahassa ca gaªg±ya ca antar± pañcayojana½ bh³mi½ sama½ katv±, yojane yojane vih±ra½ m±petv±, bhagavato gamanak±la½ paµivedesi. Bhagav± pañcahi bhikkhusatehi parivuto p±y±si. R±j± pañcayojana½ magga½ pañcavaººehi pupphehi j±ºumatta½ okir±petv± dhajapaµ±k±puººaghaµakadali-±d²ni uss±petv± bhagavato dve setacchatt±ni, ekekassa ca bhikkhussa ekameka½ ukkhip±petv± saddhi½ attano pariv±rena pupphagandh±d²hi p³ja½ karonto ekekasmi½ vih±re bhagavanta½ vas±petv± mah±d±n±ni datv± pañcahi divasehi gaªg±t²ra½ nesi. Tattha sabb±laªk±rehi n±va½ alaªkaronto ves±lik±na½ s±sana½ pesesi– “±gato bhagav±, magga½ paµiy±detv± sabbe bhagavato paccuggamana½ karoth±”ti. Te “diguºa½ p³ja½ kariss±m±”ti ves±liy± ca gaªg±ya ca antar± tiyojana½ bh³mi½ sama½ katv± bhagavato catt±ri, ekekassa ca bhikkhuno dve dve setacchatt±ni sajjetv± p³ja½ kurum±n± gaªg±t²re ±gantv± aµµha½su.

Bimbis±ro dve n±v±yo saªgh±µetv±, maº¹apa½ katv±, pupphad±m±d²hi alaªkaritv± tattha sabbaratanamaya½ buddh±sana½ paññ±pesi. Bhagav± tasmi½ nis²di. Pañcasat± bhikkh³pi n±va½ abhiruhitv± yath±nur³pa½ nis²di½su. R±j± bhagavanta½ anugacchanto galappam±ºa½ udaka½ orohitv± “y±va, bhante, bhagav± ±gacchati, t±v±ha½ idheva gaªg±t²re vasiss±m²”ti vatv± nivatto. Upari devat± y±va akaniµµhabhavan± p³jamaka½su, heµµh± gaªg±niv±sino kambalassatar±dayo n±g± p³jamaka½su. Eva½ mahatiy± p³j±ya bhagav± yojanamatta½ addh±na½ gaªg±ya gantv± ves±lik±na½ s²mantara½ paviµµho.

Tato licchavir±j±no tena bimbis±rena katap³j±ya diguºa½ karont± galappam±ºe udake bhagavanta½ paccuggacchi½su. Teneva khaºena tena muhuttena vijjuppabh±vinaddhandhak±ravisaµak³µo ga¼aga¼±yanto cat³su dis±su mah±megho vuµµh±si. Atha bhagavat± paµhamap±de gaªg±t²re nikkhittamatte pokkharavassa½ vassi. Ye temetuk±m±, te eva tementi, atemetuk±m± na tementi. Sabbattha j±ºumatta½ ³rumatta½ kaµimatta½ galappam±ºa½ udaka½ vahati, sabbakuºap±ni udakena gaªga½ pavesit±ni parisuddho bh³mibh±go ahosi.

Licchavir±j±no bhagavanta½ antar± yojane yojane v±s±petv± mah±d±n±ni datv± t²hi divasehi diguºa½ p³ja½ karont± ves±li½ nayi½su. Ves±li½ sampatte bhagavati sakko dev±namindo devasaªghapurakkhato ±gacchi, mahesakkh±na½ dev±na½ sannip±tena amanuss± yebhuyyena pal±yi½su. Bhagav± nagaradv±re µhatv± ±nandatthera½ ±mantesi– “ima½ ±nanda, ratanasutta½ uggahetv± balikamm³pakaraº±ni gahetv± licchavikum±rehi saddhi½ ves±liy± t²su p±k±rantaresu vicaranto paritta½ karoh²”ti ratanasutta½ abh±si. Eva½ “kena paneta½ sutta½, kad±, kattha, kasm± ca vuttan”ti etesa½ pañh±na½ vissajjan± vitth±rena ves±livatthuto pabhuti por±ºehi vaººiyati.

Eva½ bhagavato ves±li½ anuppattadivaseyeva ves±linagaradv±re tesa½ upaddav±na½ paµigh±tatth±ya vuttamida½ ratanasutta½ uggahetv± ±yasm± ±nando parittatth±ya bh±sam±no bhagavato pattena udaka½ ±d±ya sabbanagara½ abbhukkiranto anuvicari. “Ya½ kiñc²”ti vuttamatteyeva ca therena ye pubbe apal±t± saªk±rak³µabhittippades±dinissit± amanuss±, te cat³hi dv±rehi pal±yi½su, dv±r±ni anok±s±ni ahesu½. Tato ekacce dv±resu ok±sa½ alabham±n± p±k±ra½ bhinditv± pal±t±. Amanussesu gatamattesu manuss±na½ gattesu rogo v³pasanto, te nikkhamitv± sabbagandhapupph±d²hi thera½ p³jesu½. Mah±jano nagaramajjhe santh±g±ra½ sabbagandhehi limpitv± vit±na½ katv± sabb±laªk±rehi alaªkaritv± tattha buddh±sana½ paññ±petv± bhagavanta½ ±nesi.