Ta½ sutv± manuss± ujjh±yanti– “passatha, bho, aya½ d±rik± attano ghar± ±gat±pi bhagavat± pucchiyam±n± ‘na j±n±m²’ti ±ha, tantav±yas±la½ gacchant² c±pi pucchiyam±n± ‘na j±n±m²’ti ±ha, ‘na j±n±s²’ti vutt± ‘j±n±m²’ti ±ha, ‘j±n±s²’ti vutt± ‘na j±n±m²’ti ±ha, sabba½ paccan²kameva karot²”ti. Bhagav± manuss±na½ tamattha½ p±kaµa½ k±tuk±mo ta½ pucchi– “ki½ may± pucchita½, ki½ tay± vuttan”ti? S± ±ha– “na ma½, bhante, koci na j±n±ti, gharato ±gat± tantav±yas±la½ gacchat²”ti; apica ma½ tumhe paµisandhivasena pucchatha, “kuto ±gat±s²”ti, cutivasena pucchatha, “kuhi½ gamissas²”ti ahañca na j±n±mi. “Kuto camhi ±gat±; niray± v± devalok± v±”ti, na hi j±n±mi, “kuhimpi gamiss±mi niraya½ v± devaloka½ v±”ti, tasm± “na j±n±m²”ti avaca½. Tato ma½ bhagav± maraºa½ sandh±ya pucchi– “na j±n±s²”ti, ahañca j±n±mi. “Sabbesa½ maraºa½ dhuvan”ti, ten±voca½ “j±n±m²”ti. Tato ma½ bhagav± maraºak±la½ sandh±ya pucchi “j±n±s²”ti, ahañca na j±n±mi “kad± mariss±mi ki½ ajja v± ud±hu sve v±”ti, ten±voca½ “na j±n±m²”ti. Bhagav± t±ya vissajjita½ pañha½ “s±dhu s±dh³”ti anumodi. Mah±janak±yopi “y±va paº¹it± aya½ d±rik±”ti s±dhuk±rasahass±ni ad±si. Atha bhagav± d±rik±ya sapp±ya½ viditv± dhamma½ desento–
“Andhabh³to aya½ loko, tanukettha vipassati;
sakuºo j±lamuttova, appo sagg±ya gacchat²”ti. (Dha. pa. 174)–

Ima½ g±tham±ha. S± g±th±pariyos±ne sot±pattiphale patiµµh±si, catur±s²tiy± p±ºasahass±nañca dhamm±bhisamayo ahosi.

S± bhagavanta½ vanditv± pitu santika½ agam±si. Pit± ta½ disv± “ciren±gat±”ti kuddho vegena tante vema½ pakkhipi. Ta½ nikkhamitv± d±rik±ya kucchi½ bhindi. S± tattheva k±lamak±si. So disv±– “n±ha½ mama dh²tara½ pahari½, apica kho ima½ vema½ vegas± nikkhamitv± imiss± kucchi½ bhindi. J²vati nu kho nanu kho”ti v²ma½santo mata½ disv± cintesi– “manuss± ma½ ‘imin± dh²t± m±rit±’ti ñatv± upakkoseyyu½, tena r±j±pi garuka½ daº¹a½ paºeyya, hand±ha½ paµikacceva pal±y±m²”ti. So daº¹abhayena pal±yanto bhagavato santike kammaµµh±na½ gahetv± araññe vasant±na½ bhikkh³na½ vasanok±sa½ p±puºi. Te ca bhikkh³ upasaªkamitv± pabbajja½ y±ci. Te ta½ pabb±jetv± tacapañcakakammaµµh±na½ ada½su. So ta½ uggahetv± v±yamanto na cirasseva arahatta½ p±puºi, te cassa ±cariyupajjh±y±. Atha mah±pav±raº±ya sabbeva bhagavato santika½ agama½su “visuddhipav±raºa½ pav±ress±m±”ti. Bhagav± pav±retv± vutthavasso bhikkhusaªghaparivuto g±manigam±d²su c±rika½ caram±no anupubbena ±¼avi½ agam±si. Tattha manuss± bhagavanta½ nimantetv± d±n±d²ni karont± ta½ bhikkhu½ disv± “dh²tara½ m±retv± id±ni ka½ m±retu½ ±gatos²”ti-±d²ni vatv± uppaº¹esu½. Bhikkh³ ta½ sutv± upaµµh±navel±ya½ upasaªkamitv± bhagavato etamattha½ ±rocesu½. Bhagav±– “na, bhikkhave aya½ bhikkhu dh²tara½ m±resi, s± attano kammena mat±”ti vatv± tassa bhikkhuno manussehi dubbij±na½ kh²º±savamunibh±va½ pak±sento bhikkh³na½ dhammadesanattha½ ima½ g±thamabh±si.
Tassattho– yo t²supi kammadv±resu s²lasa½yamena sa½yatatto k±yena v± v±c±ya v± cetas± v± hi½s±dika½ na karoti p±pa½, tañca kho pana daharo v± daharavaye µhito, majjhimo v± majjhimavaye µhito, eteneva nayena thero v± pacchimavaye µhitoti kad±cipi na karoti. Ki½ k±raº±? Yatatto, yasm± anuttar±ya viratiy± sabbap±pehi uparatacittoti vutta½ hoti.
Id±ni muni arosaneyyo na so roseti kañc²ti etesa½ pad±na½ aya½ yojan± ca adhipp±yo ca– so kh²º±savamuni arosaneyyo “dh²tum±rako”ti v± “pesak±ro”ti v± evam±din± nayena k±yena v± v±c±ya v± rosetu½, ghaµµetu½, b±dhetu½ araho na hoti. Sopi hi na roseti kañci, “n±ha½ mama dh²tara½ m±remi, tva½ m±resi, tumh±diso v± m±ret²”ti-±d²ni vatv± kañci na roseti, na ghaµµeti, na b±dheti, tasm± sopi na rosaneyyo. Apica kho pana “tiµµhatu n±go, m± n±ga½ ghaµµesi, namo karohi n±gass±”ti (ma. ni. 1.249) vuttanayena namassitabboyeva hoti. Ta½ v±pi dh²r± muni vedayant²ti ettha pana tampi dh²r±va muni½ vedayant²ti eva½ padavibh±go veditabbo. Adhipp±yo cettha– ta½ “aya½ arosaneyyo”ti ete b±lamanuss± aj±nitv± rosenti. Ye pana dh²r± honti, te dh²r±va tampi muni½ vedayanti, aya½ kh²º±savamun²ti j±nant²ti.
219. Yadaggatoti k± uppatti? S±vatthiya½ kira pañcaggad±yako n±ma br±hmaºo ahosi. So nipphajjam±nesu sassesu khettagga½, r±sagga½, koµµhagga½, kumbhi-agga½, bhojanagganti im±ni pañca agg±ni deti. Tattha paµhamapakk±niyeva s±li-yava-godh³ma-s²s±ni ±har±petv± y±gup±y±saputhuk±d²ni paµiy±detv± “aggassa d±t± medh±v², agga½ so adhigacchat²”ti eva½diµµhiko hutv± buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaªghassa d±na½ deti, idamassa khettaggad±na½. Nipphannesu pana sassesu l±yitesu madditesu ca varadhaññ±ni gahetv± tatheva d±na½ deti, idamassa r±saggad±na½ Puna tehi dhaññehi koµµh±g±r±ni p³r±petv± paµhamakoµµh±g±ravivaraºe paµhaman²haµ±ni dhaññ±ni gahetv± tatheva d±na½ deti, idamassa koµµhaggad±na½. Ya½ yadeva panassa ghare randheti, tato agga½ anuppattapabbajit±na½ adatv± antamaso d±rak±nampi na kiñci deti, idamassa kumbhi-aggad±na½. Puna attano bhojanak±le paµham³pan²ta½ bhojana½ purebhattak±le saªghassa, pacch±bhattak±le sampattay±cak±na½, tadabh±ve antamaso sunakh±nampi adatv± na bhuñjati, idamassa bhojanaggad±na½. Eva½ so pañcaggad±yakotveva abhilakkhito ahosi.
Athekadivasa½ bhagav± pacc³sasamaye buddhacakkhun± loka½ volokento tassa br±hmaºassa br±hmaºiy± ca sot±pattimagga-upanissaya½ disv± sar²rapaµijaggana½ katv± atippageva gandhakuµi½ p±visi. Bhikkh³ pihitadv±ra½ gandhakuµi½ disv±– “ajja bhagav± ekakova g±ma½ pavisituk±mo”ti ñatv± bhikkh±c±ravel±ya gandhakuµi½ padakkhiºa½ katv± piº¹±ya pavisi½su. Bhagav±pi br±hmaºassa bhojanavel±ya½ nikkhamitv± s±vatthi½ p±visi. Manuss± bhagavanta½ disv± eva½– “n³najja koci satto anuggahetabbo atthi, tath± hi bhagav± ekakova paviµµho”ti ñatv± na bhagavanta½ upasaªkami½su nimantanatth±ya. Bhagav±pi anupubbena br±hmaºassa gharadv±ra½ sampatv± aµµh±si. Tena ca samayena br±hmaºo bhojana½ gahetv± nisinno hoti, br±hmaº² panassa b²jani½ gahetv± µhit±. S± bhagavanta½ disv± “sac±ya½ br±hmaºo passeyya, patta½ gahetv± sabba½ bhojana½ dadeyya, tato me puna pacitabba½ bhaveyy±”ti cintetv± appas±dañca maccherañca upp±detv± yath± br±hmaºo bhagavanta½ na passati, eva½ t±lavaºµena paµicch±desi. Bhagav± ta½ ñatv± sar²r±bha½ muñci. Ta½ br±hmaºo suvaººobh±sa½ disv± “kimetan”ti ullokento addasa bhagavanta½ dv±re µhita½. Br±hmaº²pi “diµµhonena bhagav±”ti t±vadeva t±lavaºµa½ nikkhipitv± bhagavanta½ upasaªkamitv± pañcapatiµµhitena vandi, vanditv± cass± uµµhahantiy± sapp±ya½ viditv±–
“Sabbaso n±mar³pasmi½, yassa natthi mam±yita½;
asat± ca na socati, sa ve bhikkh³ti vuccat²”ti. (Dha. pa. 367)–

Ima½ g±thamabh±si. S± g±th±pariyos±neyeva sot±pattiphale patiµµh±si. Br±hmaºopi bhagavanta½ antoghara½ pavesetv±, var±sane nis²d±petv±, dakkhiºodaka½ datv±, attano upan²tabhojana½ upan±mesi– “tumhe, bhante, sadevake loke aggadakkhiºeyy±, s±dhu, me ta½ bhojana½ attano patte patiµµh±peth±”ti. Bhagav± tassa anuggahattha½ paµiggahetv± paribhuñji. Katabhattakicco ca br±hmaºassa sapp±ya½ viditv± ima½ g±thamabh±si.

Tassattho– ya½ kumbhito paµhamameva gahitatt± aggato, addh±vases±ya kumbhiy± ±gantv± tato gahitatt± majjhato, ekadvikaµacchumatt±vases±ya kumbhiy± ±gantv± tato gahitatt± sesato v± piº¹a½ labhetha. Paradatt³paj²v²ti pabbajito. So hi udakadantapoºa½ µhapetv± avasesa½ pareneva datta½ upaj²vati, tasm± “paradatt³paj²v²”ti vuccati. N±la½ thutu½ nopi nipaccav±d²ti aggato laddh± att±na½ v± d±yaka½ v± thometumpi n±rahati pah²n±nunayatt±. Sesato laddh± “ki½ eta½ imin± dinnan”ti-±din± nayena d±yaka½ nip±tetv± appiyavacan±ni vatt±pi na hoti pah²napaµighatt±. Ta½ v±pi dh²r± muni vedayant²ti tampi pah²n±nunayapaµigha½ dh²r±va muni½ vedayant²ti br±hmaºassa arahattanik³µena g±tha½ desesi. G±th±pariyos±ne br±hmaºo sot±pattiphale patiµµhah²ti.
220. Muni½ carantanti k± uppatti? S±vatthiya½ kira aññataro seµµhiputto utuvasena t²su p±s±desu sabbasampatt²hi paric±rayam±no daharova pabbajituk±mo hutv±, m±t±pitaro y±citv±, khaggavis±ºasutte “k±m± hi citr±”ti (su. ni. 50) imiss± g±th±ya aµµhuppattiya½ vuttanayeneva tikkhattu½ pabbajitv± ca uppabbajitv± ca catutthav±re arahatta½ p±puºi. Ta½ pubbaparicayena bhikkh³ bhaºanti– “samayo, ±vuso, uppabbajitun”ti. So “abhabbo d±n±ha½, ±vuso, vibbhamitun”ti ±ha. Ta½ sutv± bhikkh³ bhagavato ±rocesu½. Bhagav± “evameta½, bhikkhave, abhabbo so d±ni vibbhamitun”ti tassa kh²º±savamunibh±va½ ±vikaronto ima½ g±tham±ha.
Tassattho moneyyadhammasamann±gamena muni½, ekavih±rit±ya, pubbe vuttappak±r±su v± cariy±su y±ya k±yaci cariy±ya caranta½, pubbe viya methunadhamme citta½ akatv± anuttar±ya viratiy± virata½ methunasm±. Dutiyap±dassa sambandho– k²disa½ muni½ caranta½ virata½ methunasm±ti ce? Yo yobbane nopanibajjhate kvaci, yo bhadrepi yobbane vattam±ne kvaci itthir³pe yath± pure, eva½ methunar±gena na upanibajjhati. Atha v± kvaci attano v± parassa v± yobbane “yuv± t±vamhi, aya½ v± yuv±ti paµisev±mi t±va k±me”ti eva½ yo r±gena na upanibajjhat²ti ayampettha attho. Na kevalañca virata½ methunasm±, apica kho pana j±timad±dibhed± mad±, k±maguºesu sativippav±sasaªkh±t± pam±d±pi ca virata½, eva½ madappam±d± viratatt± eva ca vippamutta½ sabbakilesabandhanehi. Yath± v± eko lokik±yapi viratiy± virato hoti, na eva½, ki½ pana vippamutta½ virata½, sabbakilesabandhanehi vippamuttatt± lokuttaraviratiy± viratantipi attho. Ta½ v±pi dh²r± muni vedayant²ti tampi dh²r± eva muni½ vedayanti, tumhe pana na½ na vedayatha, tena na½ eva½ bhaºath±ti dasseti.
221. Aññ±ya lokanti k± uppatti? Bhagav± kapilavatthusmi½ viharati. Tena samayena nandassa ±bharaºamaªgala½, abhisekamaªgala½, ±v±hamaªgalanti t²ºi maªgal±ni aka½su. Bhagav±pi tattha nimantito pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhi½ tattha gantv± bhuñjitv± nikkhamanto nandassa hatthe patta½ ad±si. Ta½ nikkhamanta½ disv± janapadakaly±º² “tuvaµµa½ kho, ayyaputta, ±gaccheyy±s²”ti ±ha. So bhagavato g±ravena “handa bhagav± pattan”ti vattu½ asakkonto vih±rameva gato. Bhagav± gandhakuµipariveºe µhatv± “±hara, nanda, pattan”ti gahetv± “pabbajissas²”ti ±ha. So bhagavato g±ravena paµikkhipitu½ asakkonto “pabbaj±mi, bhagav±”ti ±ha. Ta½ bhagav± pabb±jesi. So pana janapadakaly±ºiy± vacana½ punappuna½ saranto ukkaºµhi. Bhikkh³ bhagavato ±rocesu½. Bhagav± nandassa anabhirati½ vinodetuk±mo “t±vati½sabhavana½ gatapubbosi, nand±”ti ±ha. Nando “n±ha½, bhante, gatapubbo”ti avoca.
Tato na½ bhagav± attano ±nubh±vena t±vati½sabhavana½ netv± vejayantap±s±dadv±re aµµh±si. Bhagavato ±gamana½ viditv± sakko acchar±gaºaparivuto p±s±d± orohi. T± sabb±pi kassapassa bhagavato s±vak±na½ p±damakkhanatela½ datv± kakuµap±diniyo ahesu½. Atha bhagav± nanda½ ±mantesi– “passasi no, tva½ nanda, im±ni pañca acchar±sat±ni kakuµap±d±n²”ti sabba½ vitth±retabba½. M±tug±massa n±ma nimitt±nubyañjana½ gahetabbanti sakalepi buddhavacane eta½ natthi. Atha ca panettha bhagav± up±yakusalat±ya ±turassa dose uggiletv± n²harituk±mo vejjo subhojana½ viya nandassa r±ga½ uggiletv± n²harituk±mo nimitt±nubyañjanaggahaºa½ anuññ±si yath± ta½ anuttaro purisadammas±rathi. Tato bhagav± acchar±hetu nandassa brahmacariye abhirati½ disv± bhikkh³ ±º±pesi– “bhatakav±dena nanda½ codeth±”ti. So tehi codiyam±no lajjito yoniso manasi karonto paµipajjitv± na cirasseva arahatta½ sacch±k±si. Tassa caªkamanakoµiya½ rukkhe adhivatth± devat± bhagavato etamattha½ ±rocesi. Bhagavatopi ñ±ºa½ udap±di. Bhikkh³ aj±nant± tathev±yasmanta½ codenti. Bhagav± “na, bhikkhave, id±ni nando eva½ codetabbo”ti tassa kh²º±savamunibh±va½ d²pento tesa½ bhikkh³na½ dhammadesanattha½ ima½ g±thamabh±si.
Tassattho dukkhasaccavavatth±nakaraºena khandh±diloka½ aññ±ya j±nitv± vavatthapetv± nirodhasaccasacchikiriy±ya paramatthadassi½, samudayappah±nena catubbidhampi ogha½, pah²nasamudayatt± r³pamad±divegasahanena cakkh±di-±yatanasamuddañca atitariya atitaritv± atikkamitv± maggabh±van±ya, “tanniddes± t±d²”ti im±ya t±dilakkhaºappattiy± t±di½. Yo v±ya½ k±mar±g±dikilesar±siyeva avahananaµµhena ogho, kucchitagatipariy±yena samuddanaµµhena samuddo, samudayappah±neneva ta½ ogha½ samuddañca atitariya atitiººoghatt± id±ni tumhehi eva½ vuccam±nepi vik±raman±pajjanat±ya t±dimpi evampettha attho ca adhipp±yo ca veditabbo. Ta½ chinnagantha½ asita½ an±savanti ida½ panassa thutivacanameva, im±ya catusaccabh±van±ya catunna½ ganth±na½ chinnatt± chinnagantha½, diµµhiy± taºh±ya v± katthaci anissitatt± asita½, catunna½ ±sav±na½ abh±vena an±savanti vutta½ hoti. Ta½ v±pi dh²r± muni vedayant²ti tampi dh²r±va kh²º±savamuni½ vedayanti tumhe pana avedayam±n± eva½ bhaºath±ti dasseti.
222. Asam± ubhoti k± uppatti? Aññataro bhikkhu kosalaraµµhe paccantag±ma½ niss±ya araññe viharati. Tasmiñca g±me migaluddako tassa bhikkhuno vasanok±sa½ gantv± mige bandhati. So arañña½ pavisanto thera½ g±ma½ piº¹±ya pavisantampi passati, araññ± ±gacchanto g±mato nikkhamantampi passati. Eva½ abhiºhadassanena there j±tasineho ahosi. So yad± bahu½ ma½sa½ labhati, tad± therass±pi rasapiº¹ap±ta½ deti. Manuss± ujjh±yanti– “aya½ bhikkhu ‘amukasmi½ padese mig± tiµµhanti, caranti, p±n²ya½ pivant²’ti luddakassa ±roceti. Tato luddako mige m±reti, tena ubho saªgamma j²vika½ kappent²”ti. Atha bhagav± janapadac±rika½ caram±no ta½ janapada½ agam±si. Bhikkh³ g±ma½ piº¹±ya pavisant± ta½ pavatti½ sutv± bhagavato ±rocesu½. Bhagav± luddakena saddhi½ sam±naj²vik±bh±vas±dhaka½ tassa bhikkhuno kh²º±savamunibh±va½ d²pento tesa½ bhikkh³na½ dhammadesanattha½ ima½ g±thamabh±si.
Tassattho– yo ca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu, yo ca luddako, ete asam± ubho. Ya½ manuss± bhaºanti “sam±naj²vik±”ti, ta½ micch±. Ki½ k±raº±? D³ravih±ravuttino, d³re vih±ro ca vutti ca nesanti d³ravih±ravuttino. Vih±roti vasanok±so, so ca bhikkhuno araññe, luddakassa ca g±me. Vutt²ti j²vik±, s± ca bhikkhuno g±me sapad±nabhikkh±cariy±, luddakassa ca araññe migasakuºam±raº±. Puna capara½ gih² d±rapos², so luddako tena kammena puttad±ra½ poseti. Amamo ca subbato, puttad±resu taºh±diµµhimamattavirahito sucivatatt± sundaravatatt± ca subbato so kh²º±savabhikkhu. Puna capara½ parap±ºarodh±ya gih² asaññato, so luddako gih² parap±ºarodh±ya tesa½ p±º±na½ j²vitindriyupacched±ya k±yav±c±cittehi asa½yato. Nicca½ mun² rakkhati p±ºine yato, itaro pana kh²º±savamuni k±yav±c±cittehi nicca½ yato sa½yato p±ºino rakkhati. Eva½ sante te katha½ sam±naj²vik± bhavissant²ti?
223. Sikh² yath±ti k± uppatti? Bhagavati kapilavatthusmi½ viharante s±kiy±na½ kath± udap±di– “paµhamakasot±panno pacch± sot±patti½ pattassa dhammena vu¹¹hataro hoti, tasm± pacch± sot±pannena bhikkhun± paµhamasot±pannassa gihino abhiv±dan±d²ni kattabb±n²”ti ta½ katha½ aññataro piº¹ac±riko bhikkhu sutv± bhagavato ±rocesi. Bhagav± “aññ± eva hi aya½ j±ti, p³janeyyavatthu liªgan”ti sandh±ya “an±g±m²pi ce, bhikkhave, gih² hoti, tena tadahupabbajitass±pi s±maºerassa abhiv±dan±d²ni kattabb±nev±”ti vatv± puna pacch± sot±pannass±pi bhikkhuno paµhamasot±pannagahaµµhato atimahanta½ visesa½ dassento bhikkh³na½ dhammadesanattha½ ima½ g±thamabh±si.
Tassattho– yv±ya½ matthake j±t±ya sikh±ya sabbh±vena sikh², maºidaº¹asadis±ya g²v±ya n²lag²voti ca may³ravihaªgamo vuccati. So yath± haritaha½satambaha½sakh²raha½sak±¼aha½sap±kaha½sasuvaººaha½sesu yv±ya½ suvaººaha½so, tassa ha½sassa javena so¼asimpi kala½ na upeti. Suvaººaha½so hi muhuttakena yojanasahassampi gacchati, yojanampi asamattho itaro. Dassan²yat±ya pana ubhopi dassan²y± honti, eva½ gih² paµhamasot±pannopi kiñc±pi maggadassanena dassan²yo hoti. Atha kho so pacch± sot±pannass±pi maggadassanena tulyadassan²yabh±vass±pi bhikkhuno javena n±nukaroti. Katamena javena? Uparimaggavipassan±ñ±ºajavena. Gihino hi ta½ ñ±ºa½ dandha½ hoti puttad±r±dijaµ±ya jaµitatt±, bhikkhuno pana tikkha½ hoti tass± jaµ±ya vijaµitatt±. Sv±yamattho bhagavat± “munino vivittassa vanamhi jh±yato”ti imin± p±dena d²pito. Ayañhi sekkhamuni bhikkhu k±yacittavivekena ca vivitto hoti, lakkhaº±rammaº³panijjh±nena ca nicca½ vanasmi½ jh±yati. Kuto gihino evar³po viveko ca jh±nañc±ti ayañhettha adhipp±yoti?

Paramatthajotik±ya khuddaka-aµµhakath±ya

Suttanip±ta-aµµhakath±ya munisuttavaººan± niµµhit±.

Niµµhito ca paµhamo vaggo atthavaººan±nayato, n±mena

Uragavaggoti.