9. Hemavatasuttavaººan±

Ajja pannarasoti hemavatasutta½. K± uppatti? Pucch±vasik± uppatti. Hemavatena hi puµµho bhagav± “chasu loko samuppanno”ti-±d²ni abh±si. Tattha “ajja pannaraso”ti-±di s±t±girena vutta½, “iti s±t±giro”ti-±di saªg²tik±rehi, “kaccimano”ti-±di hemavatena, “chasu loko”ti-±di bhagavat±, ta½ sabbampi samodh±netv± “hemavatasuttan”ti vuccati. “S±t±girisuttan”ti ekaccehi.

Tattha y±ya½ “ajja pannaraso”ti-±di g±th±. Tass± uppatti– imasmi½yeva bhaddakappe v²sativassasahass±yukesu purisesu uppajjitv± so¼asavassasahass±yuk±ni µhatv± parinibbutassa bhagavato kassapasamm±sambuddhassa mahatiy± p³j±ya sar²rakicca½ aka½su. Tassa dh±tuyo avikiritv± suvaººakkhandho viya ekagghan± hutv± aµµha½su. D²gh±yukabuddh±nañhi es± dhammat±. App±yukabuddh± pana yasm± bahutarena janena adiµµh± eva parinibb±yanti, tasm± dh±tup³jampi katv± “tattha tattha jan± puñña½ pasavissant²”ti anukamp±ya “dh±tuyo vikirant³”ti adhiµµhahanti. Tena tesa½ suvaººacuºº±ni viya dh±tuyo vikiranti, seyyath±pi amh±ka½ bhagavato.

Manuss± tassa bhagavato eka½yeva dh±tughara½ katv± cetiya½ patiµµh±pesu½ yojana½ ubbedhena parikkhepena ca. Tassa ekekag±vutantar±ni catt±ri dv±r±ni ahesu½. Eka½ dv±ra½ kik² r±j± aggahesi; eka½ tasseva putto pathavindharo n±ma; eka½ sen±patipamukh± amacc±; eka½ seµµhipamukh± j±napad± rattasuvaººamay± ekagghan± suvaººarasapaµibh±g± ca n±n±ratanamay± iµµhak± ahesu½ ekek± satasahassagghanik±. Te harit±lamanosil±hi mattik±kicca½ surabhitelena udakakiccañca katv± ta½ cetiya½ patiµµh±pesu½.

Eva½ patiµµhite cetiye dve kulaputt± sah±yak± nikkhamitv± sammukhas±vak±na½ ther±na½ santike pabbaji½su. D²gh±yukabuddh±nañhi sammukhas±vak±yeva pabb±jenti, upasamp±denti, nissaya½ denti, itare na labhanti. Tato te kulaputt± “s±sane, bhante, kati dhur±n²”ti pucchi½su. Ther± “dve dhur±n²”ti kathesu½– “v±sadhura½, pariyattidhurañc±”ti. Tattha pabbajitena kulaputtena ±cariyupajjh±y±na½ santike pañca vass±ni vasitv±, vattapaµivatta½ p³retv±, p±timokkha½ dve t²ºi bh±ºav±rasuttant±ni ca paguºa½ katv±, kammaµµh±na½ uggahetv±, kule v± gaºe v± nir±layena arañña½ pavisitv±, arahattasacchikiriy±ya ghaµitabba½ v±yamitabba½, eta½ v±sadhura½. Attano th±mena pana eka½ v± nik±ya½ pariy±puºitv± dve v± pañca v± nik±ye pariyattito ca atthato ca suvisada½ s±sana½ anuyuñjitabba½, eta½ pariyattidhuranti. Atha te kulaputt± “dvinna½ dhur±na½ v±sadhurameva seµµhan”ti vatv± “maya½ panamh± dahar±, vu¹¹hak±le v±sadhura½ parip³ress±ma, pariyattidhura½ t±va p³rem±”ti pariyatti½ ±rabhi½su. Te pakatiy±va paññavanto nacirasseva sakale buddhavacane pakataññano vinaye ca ativiya vinicchayakusal± ahesu½. Tesa½ pariyatti½ niss±ya pariv±ro uppajji, pariv±ra½ niss±ya l±bho, ekamekassa pañcasatapañcasat± bhikkh³ pariv±r± ahesu½. Te satthus±sana½ d²pent± vihari½su, puna buddhak±lo viya ahosi.

Tad± dve bhikkh³ g±mak±v±se viharanti dhammav±d² ca adhammav±d² ca. Adhammav±d² caº¹o hoti pharuso, mukharo, tassa ajjh±c±ro itarassa p±kaµo hoti. Tato na½ “ida½ te, ±vuso, kamma½ s±sanassa appatir³pan”ti codesi. So “ki½ te diµµha½, ki½ sutan”ti vikkhipati. Itaro “vinayadhar± j±nissant²”ti ±ha. Tato adhammav±d² “sace ima½ vatthu½ vinayadhar± vinicchinissanti, addh± me s±sane patiµµh± na bhavissat²”ti ñatv± attano pakkha½ k±tuk±mo t±vadeva parikkh±re ±d±ya te dve there upasaªkamitv± samaºaparikkh±re datv± tesa½ nissayena viharitum±raddho. Sabbañca nesa½ upaµµh±na½ karonto sakkacca½ vattapaµivatta½ p³retuk±mo viya ak±si. Tato ekadivasa½ upaµµh±na½ gantv± vanditv± tehi vissajjiyam±nopi aµµh±siyeva. Ther± “kiñci vattabbamatth²”ti ta½ pucchi½su. So “±ma, bhante, ekena me bhikkhun± saha ajjh±c±ra½ paµicca viv±do atthi. So yadi ta½ vatthu½ idh±gantv± ±roceti, yath±vinicchaya½ na vinicchinitabban”ti. Ther± “osaµa½ vatthu½ yath±vinicchaya½ na vinicchinitu½ na vaµµat²”ti ±ha½su. So “eva½ kariyam±ne, bhante, mama s±sane patiµµh± natthi, mayheta½ p±pa½ hotu, m± tumhe vinicchinath±”ti. Te tena nipp²¼iyam±n± sampaµicchi½su. So tesa½ paµiñña½ gahetv± puna ta½ ±v±sa½ gantv± “sabba½ vinayadhar±na½ santike niµµhitan”ti ta½ dhammav±di½ suµµhutara½ avamaññanto pharusena samud±carati. Dhammav±d² “nissaªko aya½ j±to”ti t±vadeva nikkhamitv± ther±na½ pariv±ra½ bhikkhusahassa½ upasaªkamitv± ±ha “nanu, ±vuso, osaµa½ vatthu yath±dhamma½ vinicchinitabba½, anosar±petv± eva v± aññamañña½ accaya½ des±petv± s±magg² k±tabb±. Ime pana ther± neva vatthu½ vinicchini½su, na s±maggi½ aka½su. Ki½ n±metan”ti? Tepi sutv± tuºh² ahesu½– “n³na kiñci ±cariyehi ñ±tan”ti. Tato adhammav±d² ok±sa½ labhitv± “tva½ pubbe ‘vinayadhar± j±nissant²’ti bhaºasi. Id±ni tesa½ vinayadhar±na½ ±rocehi ta½ vatthun”ti dhammav±di½ p²¼etv± “ajjatagge par±jito tva½, m± ta½ ±v±sa½ ±gacch²”ti vatv± pakk±mi. Tato dhammav±d² there upasaªkamitv± “tumhe s±sana½ anapekkhitv± ‘amhe upaµµhesi paritoses²’ti puggalameva apekkhittha, s±sana½ arakkhitv± puggala½ rakkhittha, ajjatagge d±ni tumh±ka½ vinicchaya½ vinicchinitu½ na vaµµati, ajja parinibbuto kassapo bhagav±”ti mah±saddena kanditv± “naµµha½ satthu s±sanan”ti paridevam±no pakk±mi.

Atha kho te bhikkh³ sa½viggam±nas± “maya½ puggalamanurakkhant± s±sanaratana½ sobbhe pakkhipimh±”ti kukkucca½ upp±desu½ Te teneva kukkuccena upahat±sayatt± k±la½ katv± sagge nibbattitumasakkont± ek±cariyo himavati hemavate pabbate nibbatti hemavato yakkhoti n±mena. Dutiy±cariyo majjhimadese s±tapabbate s±t±giroti n±mena. Tepi nesa½ pariv±r± bhikkh³ tesa½yeva anuvattitv± sagge nibbattitumasakkont± tesa½ pariv±r± yakkh±va hutv± nibbatti½su. Tesa½ pana paccayad±yak± gahaµµh± devaloke nibbati½su. Hemavatas±t±gir± aµµhav²satiyakkhasen±pat²namabbhantar± mah±nubh±v± yakkhar±j±no ahesu½.

Yakkhasen±pat²nañca aya½ dhammat±– m±se m±se aµµha divas±ni dhammavinicchayattha½ himavati manosil±tale n±gavatimaº¹ape devat±na½ sannip±to hoti, tattha sannipatitabbanti. Atha s±t±girahemavat± tasmi½ sam±game aññamañña½ disv± sañj±ni½su– “tva½, samma, kuhi½ uppanno, tva½ kuhin”ti attano attano uppattiµµh±nañca pucchitv± vippaµis±rino ahesu½. “Naµµh± maya½, samma, pubbe v²sati vassasahass±ni samaºadhamma½ katv± eka½ p±pasah±ya½ niss±ya yakkhayoniya½ uppann±, amh±ka½ pana paccayad±yak± k±m±vacaradevesu nibbatt±”ti. Atha s±t±giro ±ha– “m±risa, himav± n±ma acchariyabbhutasammato, kiñci acchariya½ disv± v± sutv± v± mam±pi ±roceyy±s²”ti. Hemavatopi ±ha– “m±risa, majjhimadeso n±ma acchariyabbhutasammato, kiñci acchariya½ disv± v± sutv± v± mam±pi ±roceyy±s²”ti. Eva½ tesu dv²su sah±yesu aññamañña½ katika½ katv±, tameva uppatti½ avivajjetv± vasam±nesu eka½ buddhantara½ v²tivatta½, mah±pathav² ekayojanatig±vutamatta½ ussad±.

Athamh±ka½ bodhisatto d²paªkarap±dam³le katapaºidh±no y±va vessantaraj±taka½, t±va p±ramiyo p³retv±, tusitabhavane uppajjitv±, tattha y±vat±yuka½ µhatv±, dhammapadanid±ne vuttanayena devat±hi ±y±cito pañca mah±vilokan±ni viloketv±, devat±na½ ±rocetv±, dvatti½s±ya pubbanimittesu vattam±nesu idha paµisandhi½ aggahesi dasasahassilokadh±tu½ kampetv±. T±ni disv±pi ime r±jayakkh± “imin± k±raºena nibbatt±n²”ti na j±ni½su. “Khi¹¹±pasutatt± nev±ddasa½s³”ti eke. Esa nayo j±tiya½ abhinikkhamane bodhiyañca. Dhammacakkappavattane pana pañcavaggiye ±mantetv± bhagavati tiparivaµµa½ dv±das±k±ra½ varadhammacakka½ pavattente mah±bh³mic±la½ pubbanimitta½ p±µih±riy±ni ca etesa½ eko s±t±giroyeva paµhama½ addasa. Nibbattik±raºañca tesa½ ñatv± sapariso bhagavanta½ upasaªkamma dhammadesana½ assosi, na ca kiñci visesa½ adhigacchi. Kasm±? So hi dhamma½ suºanto hemavata½ anussaritv± “±gato nu kho me sah±yako, no”ti parisa½ oloketv± ta½ apassanto “vañcito me sah±yo, yo eva½ vicitrapaµibh±na½ bhagavato dhammadesana½ na suº±t²”ti vikkhittacitto ahosi. Bhagav± ca atthaªgatepi ca s³riye desana½ na niµµh±pesi.

Atha s±t±giro “sah±ya½ gahetv± tena sah±gamma dhammadesana½ soss±m²”ti hatthiy±na-assay±nagaru¼ay±n±d²ni m±petv± pañcahi yakkhasatehi parivuto himavant±bhimukho p±y±si, tad± hemavatopi. Yasm± paµisandhij±ti-abhinikkhamana-bodhiparinibb±nesveva dvatti½sa pubbanimitt±ni hutv±va pativigacchanti, na ciraµµhitik±ni honti, dhammacakkapavattane pana t±ni savises±ni hutv±, ciratara½ µhatv± nirujjhanti, tasm± himavati ta½ acchariyap±tubh±va½ disv± “yato aha½ j±to, na kad±ci aya½ pabbato eva½ abhir±mo bh³tapubbo, handa d±ni mama sah±ya½ gahetv± ±gamma tena saha ima½ pupphasiri½ anubhaviss±m²”ti tatheva majjhimades±bhimukho ±gacchati. Te ubhopi r±jagahassa upari sam±gantv± aññamaññassa ±gamanak±raºa½ pucchi½su. Hemavato ±ha– “yato aha½, m±risa, j±to, n±ya½ pabbato eva½ ak±lakusumitehi rukkhehi abhir±mo bh³tapubbo, tasm± eta½ pupphasiri½ tay± saddhi½ anubhaviss±m²ti ±gatomh²”ti S±t±giro ±ha– “j±n±si, pana, tva½ m±risa, yena k±raºena ima½ ak±lapupphap±µih±riya½ j±tan”ti? “Na j±n±mi, m±ris±”ti. “Ima½, m±risa, p±µih±riya½ na kevala himavanteyeva, apica kho pana dasasahassilokadh±t³su nibbatta½, samm±sambuddho loke uppanno, ajja dhammacakka½ pavattesi, tena k±raºen±”ti. Eva½ s±t±giro hemavatassa buddhupp±da½ kathetv±, ta½ bhagavato santika½ ±netuk±mo ima½ g±tham±ha. Keci pana gotamake cetiye viharante bhagavati ayamevam±h±ti bhaºanti “ajja pannaraso”ti.

153. Tattha ajj±ti aya½ rattindivo pakkhagaºanato pannaraso, upavasitabbato uposatho. T²su v± uposathesu ajja pannaraso uposatho, na c±tuddas² uposatho, na s±magg²-uposatho. Yasm± v± p±timokkhuddesa-aµµhaªga-upav±sapaññattidivas±d²su sambahulesu atthesu uposathasaddo vattati. “¾y±m±vuso, kappina, uposatha½ gamiss±m±”ti-±d²su hi p±timokkhuddese uposathasaddo. “Eva½ aµµhaªgasamann±gato kho vis±khe uposatho upavuttho”ti-±d²su (a. ni. 8.43) p±º±tip±t± veramaºi-±dikesu aµµhaªgesu. “Suddhassa ve sad± phaggu, suddhassuposatho sad±”ti-±d²su (ma. ni. 1.79) upav±se. “Uposatho n±ma n±gar±j±”ti-±d²su (d². ni. 2.246; ma. ni. 3.258) paññattiya½. “Tadahuposathe pannarase s²sa½nh±tass±”ti-±d²su (d². ni. 3.85; ma. ni. 3.256) divase. Tasm± avasesattha½ paµikkhipitv± ±s±¼h²puººamadivasa½yeva niy±mento ±ha– “ajja pannaraso uposatho”ti. P±µipado dutiyoti eva½ gaºiyam±ne ajja pannaraso divasoti attho.