57. P±pa½ sah±yanti k± uppatti? B±r±ºasiya½ kira aññataro r±j± mahaccar±j±nubh±vena nagara½ padakkhiºa½ karonto manusse koµµh±g±rato pur±ºadhaññ±ni bahiddh± n²harante disv± “ki½, bhaºe, idan”ti amacce pucchi. “Id±ni, mah±r±ja, navadhaññ±ni uppajjissanti, tesa½ ok±sa½ k±tu½ ime manuss± pur±ºadhaññ±d²ni cha¹¹ent²”ti. R±j±– “ki½, bhaºe, itth±g±rabalak±y±d²na½ vaµµa½ paripuººan”ti “¾ma, mah±r±ja, paripuººanti”. “Tena hi, bhaºe, d±nas±la½ k±r±petha, d±na½ dass±mi, m± im±ni dhaññ±ni anupak±r±ni vinassi½s³”ti. Tato na½ aññataro diµµhigatiko amacco “mah±r±ja, natthi dinnan”ti ±rabbha y±va “b±l± ca paº¹it± ca sandh±vitv± sa½saritv± dukkhassanta½ karissant²”ti vatv± niv±resi. So dutiyampi tatiyampi koµµh±g±re vilumpante disv± tatheva ±º±pesi. Tatiyampi na½ “mah±r±ja, dattupaññatta½ yadida½ d±nan”ti-±d²ni vatv± niv±resi. So “are, aha½ attano santakampi na labh±mi d±tu½, ki½ me imehi p±pasah±yeh²”ti nibbinno rajja½ pah±ya pabbajitv± vipassanto paccekabodhi½ sacch±k±si. Tañca p±pa½ sah±ya½ garahanto ima½ ud±nag±tha½ abh±si–

“P±pa½ sah±ya½ parivajjayetha, anatthadassi½ visame niviµµha½;
saya½ na seve pasuta½ pamatta½, eko care khaggavis±ºakappo”ti.

Tass±ya½ saªkhepattho– yv±ya½ dasavatthuk±ya p±padiµµhiy± samann±gatatt± p±po, paresampi anattha½ passat²ti anatthadass², k±yaduccarit±dimhi ca visame niviµµho, ta½ atthak±mo kulaputto p±pa½ sah±ya½ parivajjayetha anatthadassi½ visame niviµµha½. Saya½ na seveti attano vasena na seve. Yadi pana paravaso hoti, ki½ sakk± k±tunti vutta½ hoti. Pasutanti pasaµa½ diµµhivasena tattha tattha lagganti attho. Pamattanti k±maguºesu vossaµµhacitta½, kusalabh±van±rahita½ v±. Ta½ evar³pa½ na seve, na bhaje, na payirup±se, aññadatthu eko care khaggavis±ºakappoti.

P±pasah±yag±th±vaººan± samatt±.

58. Bahussutanti k± uppatti? Pubbe kira kassapassa bhagavato s±sane aµµha paccekabodhisatt± pabbajitv± gatapacc±gatavatta½ p³retv± devaloke uppann±ti sabba½ anavajjabhoj²g±th±ya vuttasadisameva. Aya½ pana viseso– paccekabuddhe nis²d±petv± r±j± ±ha “ke tumhe”ti? Te ±ha½su– “maya½, mah±r±ja, bahussut± n±m±”ti. R±j± “aha½ sutabrahmadatto n±ma, sutena titti½ na gacch±mi, handa, nesa½ santike vicitranaya½ saddhammadesana½ soss±m²”ti attamano dakkhiºodaka½ datv±, parivisitv±, bhattakiccapariyos±ne saªghattherassa patta½ gahetv±, vanditv±, purato nis²di “dhammakatha½, bhante, karoth±”ti. So “sukhito hotu, mah±r±ja, r±gakkhayo hot³”ti vatv± uµµhito. R±j± “aya½ na bahussuto, dutiyo bahussuto bhavissati, sve d±ni vicitradhammadesana½ soss±m²”ti sv±tan±ya nimantesi. Eva½ y±va sabbesa½ paµip±µi gacchati, t±va nimantesi. Te sabbepi “dosakkhayo hotu, mohakkhayo, gatikkhayo, vaµµakkhayo, upadhikkhayo, taºhakkhayo hot³”ti eva½ ekeka½ pada½ visesetv± sesa½ paµhamasadisameva vatv± uµµhahi½su.

Tato r±j± “ime ‘bahussut± mayan’ti bhaºanti, na ca tesa½ vicitrakath±, kimetehi vuttan”ti tesa½ vacanattha½ upaparikkhitum±raddho. Atha “r±gakkhayo hot³”ti upaparikkhanto “r±ge kh²ºe dosopi mohopi aññataraññatarepi kiles± kh²º± hont²”ti ñatv± attamano ahosi– “nippariy±yabahussut± ime samaº±. Yath± hi purisena mah±pathavi½ v± ±k±sa½ v± aªguliy± niddisantena na aªgulimattova padeso niddiµµho hoti, apica, kho, pana pathav²-±k±s± eva niddiµµh± honti, eva½ imehi ekameka½ attha½ niddisantehi aparim±º± atth± niddiµµh± hont²”ti. Tato so “kud±ssu n±m±hampi eva½ bahussuto bhaviss±m²”ti tath±r³pa½ bahussutabh±va½ patthento rajja½ pah±ya pabbajitv±, vipassanto paccekabodhi½ sacchikatv±, ima½ ud±nag±tha½ abh±si–

“Bahussuta½ dhammadhara½ bhajetha, mitta½ u¼±ra½ paµibh±navanta½;
aññ±ya atth±ni vineyya kaªkha½, eko care khaggavis±ºakappo”ti.

Tatth±ya½ saªkhepattho– bahussutanti duvidho bahussuto t²su piµakesu atthato nikhilo pariyattibahussuto ca, maggaphalavijj±bhiññ±na½ paµividdhatt± paµivedhabahussuto ca. ¾gat±gamo dhammadharo. U¼±rehi pana k±yavac²manokammehi samann±gato u¼±ro. Yuttapaµibh±no ca muttapaµibh±no ca yuttamuttapaµibh±no ca paµibh±nav±. Pariyattiparipucch±dhigamavasena v± tidh± paµibh±nav± veditabbo. Yassa hi pariyatti paµibh±ti, so pariyattipaµibh±nav±. Yassa atthañca ñ±ºañca lakkhaºañca µh±n±µµh±nañca paripucchantassa paripucch± paµibh±ti, so paripucch±paµibh±nav±. Yena magg±dayo paµividdh± honti, so adhigamapaµibh±nav±. Ta½ evar³pa½ bahussuta½ dhammadhara½ bhajetha mitta½ u¼±ra½ paµibh±navanta½. Tato tass±nubh±vena attatthaparattha-ubhayatthabhedato v± diµµhadhammikasampar±yikaparamatthabhedato v± anekappak±r±ni aññ±ya atth±ni. Tato– “ahosi½ nu kho aha½ at²tamaddh±nan”ti-±d²su (ma. ni. 1.18; sa½. ni. 2.20) kaªkhaµµh±nesu vineyya kaªkha½, vicikiccha½ vinetv± vin±setv± eva½ katasabbakicco eko care khaggavis±ºakappoti.

Bahussutag±th±vaººan± samatt±.

59. Khi¹¹a½ ratinti k± uppatti? B±r±ºasiya½ vibh³sakabrahmadatto n±ma r±j± p±tova y±gu½ v± bhatta½ v± bhuñjitv± n±n±vidhavibh³sanehi att±na½ vibh³s±petv± mah±-±d±se sakalasar²ra½ disv± ya½ na icchati ta½ apanetv± aññena vibh³sanena vibh³s±peti. Tassa ekadivasa½ eva½ karoto bhattavel± majjhanhikasamayo patto. Atha avibh³sitova dussapaµµena s²sa½ veµhetv±, bhuñjitv±, div±seyya½ upagacchi. Punapi uµµhahitv± tatheva karoto s³riyo atthaªgato. Eva½ dutiyadivasepi tatiyadivasepi. Athassa eva½ maº¹anappasutassa piµµhirogo udap±di. Tassetadahosi– “aho re, aha½ sabbath±mena vibh³santopi imasmi½ kappake vibh³sane asantuµµho lobha½ upp±desi½. Lobho ca n±mesa ap±yagaman²yo dhammo, hand±ha½, lobha½ niggaºh±m²”ti rajja½ pah±ya pabbajitv± vipassanto paccekabodhi½ sacchikatv± ima½ ud±nag±tha½ abh±si–

“Khi¹¹a½ rati½ k±masukhañca loke, analaªkaritv± anapekkham±no;
vibh³sanaµµh±n± virato saccav±d², eko care khaggavis±ºakappo”ti.

Tattha khi¹¹± ca rati ca pubbe vutt±va. K±masukhanti vatthuk±masukha½. Vatthuk±m±pi hi sukhassa visay±dibh±vena sukhanti vuccanti. Yath±ha– “atthi r³pa½ sukha½ sukh±nupatitan”ti (sa½. ni. 3.60). Evameta½ khi¹¹a½ rati½ k±masukhañca imasmi½ ok±saloke analaªkaritv± alanti akatv±, eta½ tappakanti v± s±rabh³tanti v± eva½ aggahetv±. Anapekkham±noti tena alaªkaraºena anapekkhaºas²lo, apih±luko, nittaºho, vibh³sanaµµh±n± virato saccav±d² eko careti. Tattha vibh³s± duvidh±– ag±rikavibh³s±, anag±rikavibh³s± ca. Tattha ag±rikavibh³s± s±µakaveµhanam±l±gandh±di, anag±rikavibh³s± pattamaº¹an±di. Vibh³s± eva vibh³sanaµµh±na½. Tasm± vibh³sanaµµh±n± tividh±ya viratiy± virato. Avitathavacanato saccav±d²ti evamattho daµµhabbo.

Vibh³sanaµµh±nag±th±vaººan± samatt±.

60. Puttañca d±ranti k± uppatti? B±r±ºasirañño kira putto daharak±le eva abhisitto rajja½ k±resi. So paµhamag±th±ya vuttapaccekabodhisatto viya rajjasirimanubhavanto ekadivasa½ cintesi– “aha½ rajja½ k±rento bah³na½ dukkha½ karomi. Ki½ me ekabhattatth±ya imin± p±pena, handa sukhamupp±dem²”ti rajja½ pah±ya pabbajitv± vipassanto paccekabodhi½ sacchikatv± ima½ ud±nag±tha½ abh±si–

“Puttañca d±ra½ pitarañca m±tara½, dhan±ni dhaññ±ni ca bandhav±ni;
hitv±na k±m±ni yathodhik±ni, eko care khaggavis±ºakappo”ti.

Tattha dhan±n²ti mutt±maºive¼uriyasaªkhasil±pav±¼arajataj±tar³p±d²ni ratan±ni. Dhaññ±n²ti s±liv²hiyavagodhumakaªkuvarakakudr³sakapabhed±ni satta ses±paraºº±ni ca. Bandhav±n²ti ñ±tibandhugottabandhumittabandhusippabandhuvasena catubbidhe bandhave. Yathodhik±n²ti sakasaka-odhivasena µhit±neva. Sesa½ vuttanayamev±ti.

Puttad±rag±th±vaººan± samatt±.

61. Saªgo esoti k± uppatti? B±r±ºasiya½ kira p±dalolabrahmadatto n±ma r±j± ahosi. So p±tova y±gu½ v± bhatta½ v± bhuñjitv± t²su p±s±desu tividhan±µak±ni passati. Tividhan±µak±n²ti kira pubbar±jato ±gata½, anantarar±jato ±gata½, attano k±le uµµhitanti. So ekadivasa½ p±tova daharan±µakap±s±da½ gato. T± n±µakitthiyo “r±j±na½ ram±pess±m±”ti sakkassa dev±namindassa acchar±yo viya atimanohara½ naccag²tav±dita½ payojesu½. R±j±– “anacchariyameta½ dahar±nan”ti asantuµµho hutv± majjhiman±µakap±s±da½ gato. T±pi n±µakitthiyo tatheva aka½su. So tatth±pi tatheva asantuµµho hutv± mah±n±µakap±s±da½ gato. T±pi n±µakitthiyo tatheva aka½su. R±j± dve tayo r±japarivaµµe at²t±na½ t±sa½ mahallakabh±vena aµµhik²¼anasadisa½ nacca½ disv± g²tañca amadhura½ sutv± punadeva daharan±µakap±s±da½, puna majjhiman±µakap±s±danti eva½ vicaritv± katthaci asantuµµho cintesi– “im± n±µakitthiyo sakka½ dev±naminda½ acchar±yo viya ma½ ram±petuk±m± sabbath±mena naccag²tav±dita½ payojesu½, sv±ha½ katthaci asantuµµho lobhameva va¹¹hemi, lobho ca n±mesa ap±yagaman²yo dhammo, hand±ha½ lobha½ niggaºh±m²”ti rajja½ pah±ya pabbajitv± vipassanto paccekabodhi½ sacchikatv± ima½ ud±nag±tha½ abh±si–

“Saªgo eso parittamettha sokhya½, appass±do dukkhamettha bhiyyo;
ga¼o eso iti ñatv± matim±, eko care khaggavis±ºakappo”ti.

Tassattho– saªgo esoti attano upabhoga½ niddisati. So hi sajjanti tattha p±ºino kaddame paviµµho hatth² viy±ti saªgo. Parittamettha sokhyanti ettha pañcak±maguº³pabhogak±le vipar²tasaññ±ya upp±detabbato k±m±vacaradhammapariy±pannato v± l±makaµµhena sokhya½ paritta½, vijjuppabh±ya obh±sitanaccadassanasukha½ viya ittara½ t±vak±likanti vutta½ hoti. Appass±do dukkhamettha bhiyyoti ettha ca yv±ya½ “ya½ kho, bhikkhave, ime pañca k±maguºe paµicca uppajjati sukha½ somanassa½, aya½ k±m±na½ ass±do”ti (ma. ni. 1.166) vutto. So yadida½ “ko ca, bhikkhave, k±m±na½ ±d²navo? Idha, bhikkhave, kulaputto yena sippaµµh±nena j²vika½ kappeti, yadi mudd±ya, yadi gaºan±y±”ti evam±din± (ma. ni. 1.167) nayenettha dukkha½ vutta½. Ta½ upanidh±ya appo udakabindumatto hoti. Atha kho dukkhameva bhiyyo bahu, cat³su samuddesu udakasadisa½ hoti. Tena vutta½ “appass±do dukkhamettha bhiyyo”ti. Ga¼o esoti ass±da½ dassetv± ±ka¹¹hanavasena ba¼iso viya eso yadida½ pañca k±maguº±. Iti ñatv± matim±ti eva½ ñatv± buddhim± paº¹ito puriso sabbampeta½ pah±ya eko care khaggavis±ºakappoti.