4. Meghiyavaggo

1. Meghiyasuttavaººan±

31. Meghiyavaggassa paµhame c±lik±yanti eva½ n±make nagare. Tassa kira nagarassa dv±raµµh±na½ muñcitv± samantato calapaªka½ hoti, ta½ calapaªka½ niss±ya µhitatt± olokent±na½ calam±na½ viya upaµµh±ti, tasm± “c±lik±”ti vuccati. C±like pabbateti tassa nagarassa avid³re eko pabbato, sopi sabbasetatt± k±lapakkha-uposathe olokent±na½ calam±no viya upaµµh±ti, tasm± “c±likapabbato”ti saªkha½ gato. Tattha bhagavato mahanta½ vih±ra½ k±rayi½su, bhagav± tad± ta½ nagara½ gocarag±ma½ katv± tasmi½ c±likapabbatamah±vih±re viharati. Tena vutta½– “c±lik±ya½ viharati c±like pabbate”ti. Meghiyoti tassa therassa n±ma½. Upaµµh±ko hot²ti paric±rako hoti. Bhagavato hi paµhamabodhiya½ upaµµh±k± anibaddh± ahesu½, ekad± n±gasam±lo, ekad± n±gito, ekad± upav±no, ekad± sunakkhatto, tad±pi meghiyattherova upaµµh±ko. Ten±ha– “tena kho pana samayena ±yasm± meghiyo bhagavato upaµµh±ko hot²”ti.

Jantug±manti eva½ n±maka½ tasseva vih±rassa apara½ gocarag±ma½. “Jattug±man”tipi p±µho. Kimik±¼±y±ti k±¼akim²na½ bahulat±ya “kimik±¼±”ti laddhan±m±ya nadiy±. Jaªghavih±ranti ciranisajj±ya jaªgh±su uppannakilamathavinodanattha½ vicaraºa½. P±s±dikanti avira¼arukkhat±ya siniddhapattat±ya ca passant±na½ pas±dam±vahat²ti p±s±dika½. Sandacch±yat±ya manuññabh³mibh±gat±ya ca manuñña½. Anto paviµµh±na½ p²tisomanassajananaµµhena citta½ ramet²ti ramaº²ya½. Alanti pariyatta½, yuttantipi attho. Padh±natthikass±ti yogena bh±van±ya atthikassa. Padh±n±y±ti samaºadhammakaraº±ya. ¾gaccheyy±hanti ±gaccheyya½ aha½. Therena kira pubbe ta½ µh±na½ anupaµip±µiy± pañca j±tisat±ni raññ± eva sat± anubh³ta½ uyy±na½ ahosi, tenassa diµµhamatteyeva tattha viharitu½ citta½ nami. ¾gamehi t±v±ti satth± therassa vacana½ sutv± upadh±rento “na t±vassa ñ±ºa½ parip±ka½ gatan”ti ñatv± paµikkhipanto evam±ha Ekakamhi t±v±ti ida½ panassa “evamaya½ gantv±pi kamme anipphajjam±ne nir±saªko hutv± pemavasena puna ±gacchissat²”ti cittamaddavajananattha½ ±ha. Y±va aññopi koci bhikkhu ±gacchat²ti añño koci bhikkhu mama santika½ y±va ±gacchati, t±va ±gameh²ti attho. “Koci bhikkhu dissat²”tipi p±µho. “¾gacchat³”tipi paµhanti, tath± “dissat³”ti.

Natthi kiñci uttari karaº²yanti cat³su saccesu cat³hi maggehi pariññ±d²na½ so¼asanna½ kicc±na½ katatt±, abhisambodhiy± v± adhigatatt± tato añña½ uttari karaº²ya½ n±ma natthi. Natthi katassa v± paticayoti katassa v± puna paticayopi natthi. Na hi bh±vitamaggo puna bh±v²yati, pah²nakiles±na½ v± puna pah±nena kicca½ atthi. Atthi katassa paticayoti mayha½ sant±ne nipph±ditassa s²l±didhammassa ariyamaggassa anadhigatatt± tadattha½ puna va¹¹hanasaªkh±to paticayo atthi, icchitabboti attho. Padh±nanti kho meghiya vadam±na½ kinti vadeyy±m±ti “samaºadhamma½ karom²”ti ta½ vadam±na½ maya½ añña½ ki½ n±ma vadeyy±ma?

Div±vih±ra½ nis²d²ti div±vih±ratth±ya nis²di. Nisinno ca yasmi½ maªgalasil±paµµe pubbe anupaµip±µiy± pañca j±tisat±ni r±j± hutv± uyy±nak²¼a½ k²¼anto vividhan±µakapariv±ro nisinnapubbo, tasmi½yeva µh±ne nis²di. Athassa nisinnak±lato paµµh±ya samaºabh±vo vigato viya ahosi, r±javesa½ gahetv± n±µakapariv±raparivuto setacchattassa heµµh± mah±rahe pallaªke nisinno viya j±to. Athassa ta½ sampatti½ ass±dayato k±mavitakko udap±di. So tasmi½yeva khaºe saho¹¹ha½ gahite dve core ±netv± purato µhapite viya addasa. Tesu ekassa vadha½ ±º±panavasena by±p±davitakko uppajji, ekassa bandhana½ ±º±panavasena vihi½s±vitakko, eva½ so lat±j±lena rukkho viya madhumakkhik±hi madhugh±tako viya ca akusalavitakkehi parikkhitto samparikiººo ahosi. Ta½ sandh±ya “atha kho ±yasmato meghiyass±”ti-±di vutta½.

Acchariya½ vata bhoti garahaºacchariya½ n±ma kireta½ yath± ±yasm± ±nando bhagavato valiyagatta½ disv± avoca “acchariya½, bhante, abbhuta½, bhante”ti (sa½. ni. 5.511). Apare pana “tasmi½ samaye pupphaphalapallav±d²su lobhavasena k±mavitakko, kharassar±na½ pakkhi-±d²na½ saddassavanena by±p±davitakko, le¹¹u-±d²hi tesa½ paµib±han±dhipp±yena vihi½s±vitakko, ‘idhev±ha½ vaseyyan’ti tattha s±pekkhat±vasena k±mavitakko, vanacarake tattha tattha disv± tesu cittadubbhanena by±p±davitakko, tesa½ viheµhan±dhipp±yena vihi½s±vitakko tassa uppajj²”tipi vadanti. Yath± v± tath± v± tassa micch±vitakkuppattiyeva acchariyak±raºa½. Anv±satt±ti anulagg± vokiºº±. Attani garumhi ca ekattepi bahuvacana½ dissati. “Anusanto”tipi p±µho.

Yena bhagav± tenupasaªkam²ti eva½ micch±vitakkehi samparikiººo kammaµµh±nasapp±ya½ k±tu½ asakkonto “ida½ vata disv± d²ghadass² bhagav± paµisedhes²”ti sallakkhetv± “ima½ k±raºa½ dasabalassa ±rocess±m²”ti nisinn±sanato vuµµh±ya yena bhagav± tenupasaªkami. Upasaªkamitv± ca “idha mayha½, bhante”ti-±din± attano pavatti½ ±rocesi.

Tattha yebhuyyen±ti bahula½ abhikkhaºa½. P±pak±ti l±mak±. Akusal±ti akosallasambh³t±. Duggatisamp±panaµµhena v± p±pak±, kusalapaµipakkhat±ya akusal±. Vitakketi ³hati ±rammaºa½ citta½ abhiniropet²ti vitakko, k±masahagato vitakko k±mavitakko, kilesak±masampayutto vatthuk±m±rammaºo vitakkoti attho. By±p±dasahagato vitakko by±p±davitakko. Vihi½s±sahagato vitakko vihi½s±vitakko. Tesu k±m±na½ abhinandanavasena pavatto nekkhammapaµipakkho k±mavitakko, “ime satt± haññantu v± vinassantu v± m± v± ahesun”ti sattesu sampadussanavasena pavatto mett±paµipakkho by±p±davitakko, p±ºile¹¹udaº¹±d²hi satt±na½ viheµhetuk±mat±vasena pavatto karuº±paµipakkho vihi½s±vitakko.

Kasm± panassa bhagav± tattha gamana½ anuj±ni? “Ananuññ±topi c±ya½ ma½ oh±ya gacchissateva, ‘paric±rak±mat±ya maññe bhagav± gantu½ na det²’ti cassa siy± aññathatta½. Tadassa d²gharatta½ ahit±ya dukkh±ya sa½vatteyy±”ti anuj±ni.

Eva½ tasmi½ attano pavatti½ ±rocetv± nisinne athassa bhagav± sapp±ya½ dhamma½ desento “aparipakk±ya, meghiya, cetovimuttiy±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha aparipakk±y±ti parip±ka½ appatt±ya. Cetovimuttiy±ti kilesehi cetaso vimuttiy±. Pubbabh±ge hi tadaªgavasena ceva vikkhambhanavasena ca kilesehi cetaso vimutti hoti, aparabh±ge samucchedavasena ceva paµipassaddhivasena ca. S±ya½ vimutti heµµh± vitth±rato kathit±va, tasm± tattha vuttanayena veditabb±. Tattha vimuttiparip±can²yehi dhammehi ±saye parip±cite pabodhite vipassan±ya maggagabbha½ gaºhantiy± parip±ka½ gacchantiy± cetovimutti paripakk± n±ma hoti, tadabh±ve aparipakk±.

Katame pana vimuttiparip±can²y± dhamm±? Saddhindriy±d²na½ visuddhikaraºavasena pannarasa dhamm± veditabb±. Vuttañheta½–

“Assaddhe puggale parivajjayato, saddhe puggale sevato bhajato payirup±sato, pas±dan²ye suttante paccavekkhato imehi t²h±k±rehi saddhindriya½ visujjhati.
“Kus²te puggale parivajjayato, ±raddhav²riye puggale sevato bhajato payirup±sato, sammappadh±ne paccavekkhato– imehi t²h±k±rehi v²riyindriya½ visujjhati.
“Muµµhassat² puggale parivajjayato, upaµµhitassat² puggale sevato bhajato payirup±sato, satipaµµh±ne paccavekkhato– imehi t²h±k±rehi satindriya½ visujjhati.
“Asam±hite puggale parivajjayato, sam±hite puggale sevato bhajato payirup±sato, jh±navimokkhe paccavekkhato– imehi t²h±k±rehi sam±dhindriya½ visujjhati.
“Duppaññe puggale parivajjayato, paññavante puggale sevato bhajato payirup±sato, gambh²rañ±ºacariya½ paccavekkhato– imehi t²h±k±rehi paññindriya½ visujjhati.
“Iti ime pañca puggale parivajjayato, pañca puggale sevato bhajato payirup±sato, pañca suttante paccavekkhato– imehi pannarasahi ±k±rehi, im±ni pañcindriy±ni visujjhant²”ti (paµi. ma. 1.185).

Aparepi pannarasa dhamm± vimuttiparip±can²y±– saddh±pañcam±ni indriy±ni, aniccasaññ± dukkhasaññ± anattasaññ± pah±nasaññ± vir±gasaññ±ti im± pañca nibbedhabh±giy± saññ±, kaly±ºamittat± s²lasa½varo abhisallekhat± v²riy±rambho nibbedhikapaññ±ti. Tesu vineyyadamanakusalo satth± vineyyassa meghiyattherassa ajjh±sayavasena idha kaly±ºamittat±dayo vimuttiparip±can²ye dhamme dassento “pañca dhamm± parip±k±ya sa½vattant²”ti vatv± te vitth±rento “idha, meghiya, bhikkhu kaly±ºamitto hot²”ti-±dim±ha.

Tattha kaly±ºamittoti kaly±ºo bhaddo sundaro mitto etass±ti kaly±ºamitto. Yassa s²l±diguºasampanno “aghassa gh±t±, hitassa vidh±t±”ti eva½ sabb±k±rena upak±ro mitto hoti, so puggalo kaly±ºamittova. Yath±vuttehi kaly±ºapuggaleheva sabbiriy±pathesu saha ayati pavattati, na vin± teh²ti kaly±ºasah±yo.Kaly±ºapuggalesu eva cittena ceva k±yena ca ninnapoºapabbh±rabh±vena pavattat²ti kaly±ºasampavaªko. Padattayena kaly±ºamittasa½sagge ±dara½ upp±deti.

Tatrida½ kaly±ºamittalakkhaºa½– idha kaly±ºamitto saddh±sampanno hoti s²lasampanno sutasampanno c±gasampanno v²riyasampanno satisampanno sam±dhisampanno paññ±sampanno. Tattha saddh±sampattiy± saddahati tath±gatassa bodhi½ kammaphalañca, tena samm±sambodhihetubh³ta½ sattesu hitesita½ na pariccajati. S²lasampattiy± sabrahmac±r²na½ piyo hoti man±po garu bh±van²yo codako p±pagarah² vatt± vacanakkhamo, sutasampattiy± saccapaµiccasamupp±d±dipaµisa½yutt±na½ gambh²r±na½ kath±na½ katt± hoti, c±gasampattiy± appiccho hoti santuµµho pavivitto asa½saµµho, v²riyasampattiy± ±raddhav²riyo hoti satt±na½ hitappaµipattiy±, satisampattiy± upaµµhitassati hoti, sam±dhisampattiy± avikkhitto hoti sam±hitacitto, paññ±sampattiy± avipar²ta½ j±n±ti. So satiy± kusal±na½ dhamm±na½ gatiyo samanvesam±no paññ±ya satt±na½ hit±hita½ yath±bh³ta½ j±nitv±, sam±dhin± tattha ekaggacitto hutv±, v²riyena satte ahit± nisedhetv± hite niyojeti. Ten±ha–

“Piyo garu bh±van²yo, vatt± ca vacanakkhamo;
gambh²rañca katha½ katt±, no caµµh±ne niyojaye”ti. (A. ni. 7.37).

Aya½ paµhamo dhammo parip±k±ya sa½vattat²ti, aya½ kaly±ºamittat±saªkh±to brahmacariyav±sassa ±dibh±vato, sabbesañca kusal±na½ dhamm±na½ bahuk±rat±ya padh±nabh±vato ca imesu pañcasu dhammesu ±dito vuttatt± paµhamo anavajjadhammo avisuddh±na½ saddh±d²na½ visuddhikaraºavasena cetovimuttiy± parip±k±ya sa½vattati. Ettha ca kaly±ºamittassa bahuk±rat± padh±nat± ca “upa¹¹hamida½, bhante, brahmacariyassa yadida½ kaly±ºamittat±”ti vadanta½ dhammabhaº¹±g±rika½, “m± heva½, ±nand±”ti dvikkhattu½ paµisedhetv±, “sakalameva hida½, ±nanda, brahmacariya½, yadida½ kaly±ºamittat± kaly±ºasah±yat±”ti-±disuttapadehi (sa½. ni. 1.129; 5.2) veditabb±.