2. R±jasuttavaººan±
12. Dutiye sambahul±nanti vinayapariy±yena tayo jan± “sambahul±”ti vuccanti, tato para½ saªgho. Suttantapariy±yena pana tayo tayo eva, tato uddha½ sambahul±. Tasm± idh±pi suttantapariy±yena sambahul±ti veditabb±. Upaµµh±nas±l±yanti dhammasabh±maº¹ape. S± hi dhamma½ desetu½ ±gatassa tath±gatassa bhikkh³na½ upaµµh±nakaraºaµµh±nanti “upaµµh±nas±l±”ti vuccati. Atha v± yattha bhikkh³ vinaya½ vinicchinanti, dhamma½ kathenti, s±kaccha½ sam±pajjanti, sannipatanavasena pakatiy± upatiµµhanti, s± s±l±pi maº¹apopi “upaµµh±nas±l±”tveva vuccati. Tatth±pi hi buddh±sana½ nicca½ paññattameva hoti. Idañhi buddh±na½ dharam±nak±le bhikkh³na½ c±ritta½. Sannisinn±nanti nisajjanavasena saªgamma nisinn±na½. Sannipatit±nanti tato tato ±gantv± sannipatanavasena sannipatit±na½. Atha v± buddh±sana½ purato katv± satthu sammukhe viya ±daruppattiy± sakkacca½ nis²danavasena sannisinn±na½, sam±najjh±sayatt± aññamaññasmi½ ajjh±sayena suµµhu samm± ca nipatanavasena sannipatit±na½. Ayanti id±ni vuccam±na½ niddisati. Antar±kath±ti kammaµµh±namanasik±ra-uddesaparipucch±d²na½ antar± aññ± ek± kath±, atha v± majjhanhike laddhassa sugatov±dassa, s±ya½ labhitabbassa dhammassavanassa ca antar± pavattatt± antar±kath±, samaºasam±c±rasseva v± antar± pavatt± aññ± ek± kath±ti antar±kath±. Udap±d²ti uppann±. Imesa½ dvinna½ r±j³nanti niddh±raºe s±mivacana½. Mahaddhanataro v±ti-±d²su pathaviya½ nikhaºitv± µhapita½ sattaratananicayasaªkh±ta½ mahanta½ dhana½ etass±ti mahaddhano, dv²su aya½ atisayena mahaddhanoti mahaddhanataro. V±saddo vikappattho. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Aya½ pana viseso– niccaparibbayavasena mahanto bhogo etass±ti mah±bhogo. Devasika½ pavisana-±yabh³to mahanto koso etass±ti mah±koso. Apare pana “devasika½ pavisana-±yabh³ta½ maºis±rapheggugumb±dibhedabhinna½ pariggahavatthu dhana½, tadeva s±ragabbh±d²su nihita½ koso”ti vadanti. Vajiro, mah±n²lo, indan²lo, marakato, ve¼uriyo, padumar±go, phussar±go, kakketano, pul±ko, vimalo, lohitaªko phaliko, pav±¼o, jotiraso, gomuttako, gomedako, sogandhiko, mutt±, saªkho, añjanam³lo, r±japaµµo, amata½sako, piyako, br±hmaº² c±ti catubb²sati maºi n±ma. Satta loh±ni kah±paºo ca s±ro n±ma. Sayanacch±danap±vuraºagajadantasil±d²ni pheggu n±ma. Candan±garukuªkumatagarakapp³r±di gumb± n±ma. Tattha purimena ±disaddena s±liv²hi-±dimuggam±s±dipubbaºº±paraººabheda½ dhaññavikati½ ±di½ katv± ya½ satt±na½ upabhogaparibhogabh³ta½ vatthu, ta½ sabba½ saªgayhati. Mahanta½ vijita½ raµµha½ etass±ti mah±vijito. Mahanto hatthi-ass±div±hano etass±ti mah±v±hano. Mahanta½ sen±balañceva th±mabalañca etass±ti mahabbalo. Icchitanibbattisaªkh±t± puññakammanipphann± mahat² iddhi etass±ti mahiddhiko. Tejasaªkh±to uss±hamantapabhusattisaªkh±to v± mahanto ±nubh±vo etass±ti mah±nubh±vo. Ettha ca paµhamena ±yasampad±, dutiyena vitt³pakaraºasampad±, tatiyena vibhavasampad±, catutthena janapadasampad±, pañcamena y±nasampad±, chaµµhena pariv±rasampad±ya saddhi½ attasampad±, sattamena puññakammasampad±, aµµhamena pabh±vasampad± tesa½ r±j³na½ pak±sit± hoti. Tena y± s± s±misampatti, amaccasampatti, sen±sampatti, raµµhasampatti, vibhavasampatti, mittasampatti, duggasampatt²ti satta pakatisampad± r±j³na½ icchitabb±. T± sabb± yath±raha½ parid²pit±ti veditabb±. D±n±d²hi cat³hi saªgahavatth³hi parisa½ rañjet²ti r±j±. Magadh±na½ issaroti m±gadho. Mahatiy± sen±ya samann±gatatt± seniyagottatt± v± seniyo. Bimbi vuccati suvaººa½, tasm± s±rabimbivaººat±ya bimbis±ro. Keci pana “n±mameveta½ tassa rañño”ti vadanti. Pacc±mitta½ parasena½ jin±t²ti pasenadi. Kosalaraµµhassa adhipat²ti kosalo. Ayañcarah²ti ettha carah²ti nip±tamatta½. Vippakat±ti apariyosit±. Aya½ tesa½ bhikkh³na½ antar±kath± aniµµhit±ti attho. S±yanhasamayanti s±yanhe eka½ samaya½. Paµisall±n± vuµµhitoti tato tato r³p±di-±rammaºato cittassa paµisa½haraºato paµisall±nasaªkh±t±ya phalasam±pattito yath±k±lapariccheda½ vuµµhito. Bhagav± hi pubbaºhasamaya½ bhikkhusaªghaparivuto s±vatthi½ pavisitv± bhikkh³na½ sulabhapiº¹ap±ta½ katv± katabhattakicco bhikkh³hi saddhi½ s±vatthito nikkhamitv± vih±ra½ pavisitv± gandhakuµippamukhe µhatv± vatta½ dassetv± µhit±na½ bhikkh³na½ yath±samuµµhita½ sugatov±da½ datv± tesu araññarukkham³l±didiv±µµh±na½ uddissa gatesu gandhakuµi½ pavisitv± phalasam±pattisukhena divasabh±ga½ v²tin±metv± yath±k±laparicchede sam±pattito vuµµh±ya, “mayha½ upagamana½ ±gamayam±n± catasso paris± sakalavih±ra½ parip³rentiyo nisinn±, id±ni me dhammadesanattha½ dhammasabh±maº¹ala½ upagantu½ k±lo”ti ±sanato vuµµh±ya, kesaras²ho viya kañcanaguh±ya surabhigandhakuµito nikkhamitv± y³tha½ upasaªkamanto mattavarav±raºo viya ak±yac±pallena c±ruvikkantagamano as²ti-anubyañjanappaµimaº¹itab±tti½samah±purisalakkhaºasamujjal±ya by±mappabh±ya parikkhepavil±sasampann±ya pabhassaraketum±l±laªkat±ya n²lap²talohitod±tamañjiµµhapabhassar±na½ vasena chabbaººabuddhara½siyo vissajjentiy± acinteyy±nubh±v±ya anupam±ya buddhal²l±ya samann±gat±ya r³pak±yasampattiy± sakalavih±ra½ ek±loka½ kurum±no upaµµh±nas±la½ upasaªkami. Tena vutta½– “atha kho bhagav±…pe… tenupasaªkam²”ti. Eva½ upasaªkamitv± vatta½ dassetv± nisinne te bhikkh³ tuºh²bh³te disv± “mayi akathente ime bhikkh³ buddhag±ravena kappampi na kathessant²”ti kath±samuµµh±panattha½ “k±ya nuttha, bhikkhave”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha k±ya nutth±ti katam±ya nu bhavatha. “K±ya notth±”tipi p±¼i, so evattho, “k±ya nvetth±”tipi paµhanti, tassa katam±ya nu etth±ti attho. Tatr±ya½ saªkhepattho– bhikkhave, katam±ya n±ma kath±ya idha sannisinn± bhavatha, katam± ca tumh±ka½ kath± mam±gamanapaccay± aniµµhit±, ta½ niµµh±pess±m²ti eva½ sabbaññupav±raº±ya pav±resi. Na khvetanti na kho eta½, ayameva v± p±µho. “Na khotan”tipi paµhanti, na kho eta½ icceva padavibh±go. Kulaputt±nanti j±ti-±c±rakulaputt±na½. Saddh±ti saddh±ya, kammaphalasaddh±ya ratanattayasaddh±ya ca. Ag±rasm±ti gharato, gahaµµhabh±v±ti attho. Anag±riyanti pabbajja½. Pabbajit±nanti upagat±na½ Yanti kiriy±par±masana½. Tatth±ya½ padayojan±– “bhikkhave, tumhe neva r±j±bhin²t± na cor±bhin²t± na iºaµµ± na j²vitapakat± pabbajit±, atha kho saddh±ya ag±rato nikkhamitv± mama s±sane pabbajit±, tumhe etarahi evar³pi½ r±jappaµisa½yutta½ tiracch±nakatha½ katheyy±tha, ya½ evar³p±ya kath±ya kathana½, eta½ tumh±ka½ na kho patir³pa½ na yuttamev±”ti. Eva½ sannipatit±na½ pabbajit±na½ appatir³pa½ paµikkhipitv± id±ni nesa½ patir³pa½ paµipatti½ anuj±nanto “sannipatit±na½ vo, bhikkhave, dvaya½ karaº²ya½ dhamm² v± kath± ariyo v± tuºh²bh±vo”ti ±ha. Tattha voti tumh±ka½. Karaº²yanti hi pada½ apekkhitv± kattari s±mivacanameta½, tasm± tumheh²ti attho. Dvaya½ karaº²yanti dve k±tabb±. Dhamm² kath±ti catusaccadhammato anapet± kath±, pavattinivattiparid²pin² dhammadesan±ti attho. Dasakath±vatthusaªkh±t±pi hi dhammakath± tadekades± ev±ti. Ariyoti ekantahit±vahatt± ariyo, visuddho uttamoti v± ariyo. Tuºh²bh±voti samathavipassan±bh±van±bh³ta½ akathana½. Keci pana “vac²saªkh±rapaµipakkhabh±vato dutiyajjh±na½ ariyo tuºh²bh±vo”ti vadanti. Apare “catutthajjh±na½ ariyo tuºh²bh±vo”ti vadanti. Aya½ panettha attho– “bhikkhave, cittavivekassa paribr³hanattha½ vivekaµµhak±y± suññ±g±re viharant± sace kad±ci sannipatatha, eva½ sannipatitehi tumhehi ‘assuta½ s±veti suta½ v± pariyodapet²’ti vuttanayena aññamaññass³pak±r±ya khandh±d²na½ aniccat±dipaµisa½yutt± dhammakath± v± pavattetabb±, aññamañña½ aby±b±dhanattha½ jh±nasam±pattiy± v± viharitabban”ti. Tattha purimena karaº²yavacanena anotiºº±na½ s±sane otaraº³p±ya½ dasseti, pacchimena otiºº±na½ sa½s±rato nissaraº³p±ya½. Purimena v± ±gamaveyyattiye niyojeti, pacchimena adhigamaveyyattiye. Atha v± purimena samm±diµµhiy± paµhama½ uppattihetu½ d²peti, dutiyena dutiya½. Vuttañheta½–
“Dveme, bhikkhave, het³ dve paccay± samm±diµµhiy± upp±d±ya parato ca ghoso, paccattañca yoniso manasik±ro”ti (a. ni. 2.127).
Purimena v± lokiyasamm±diµµhiy± m³lak±raºa½ vibh±veti, pacchimena lokuttarasamm±diµµhiy± m³lak±raºanti evam±din± ettha yojan± veditabb±. Etamattha½ viditv±ti tehi bhikkh³hi kittitak±masampattito jh±n±disampatti santatar± ceva paº²tatar± c±ti etamattha½ sabb±k±rato viditv±. Ima½ ud±nanti ima½ ariyavih±rasukh±nubh±vad²paka½ ud±na½ ud±nesi. Tattha yañca k±masukha½ loketi lokasaddo “khandhaloko ±yatanaloko dh±tuloko”ti-±d²su (mah±ni. 3, 7; c³¼ani. ajitam±ºavapucch±niddesa 2) saªkh±resu ±gato.
“Y±vat± candimas³riy± pariharanti,
dis± bhanti virocan±;
t±va sahassadh± loko,
ettha te vattat² vaso”ti.–
¾d²su (ma. ni. 1.503) ok±se ±gato. “Addas± kho bhagav± buddhacakkhun± loka½ volokento”ti-±d²su (mah±va. 9; ma. ni. 1.283) sattesu. Idha pana sattaloke ok±saloke ca veditabbo. Tasm± av²cito paµµh±ya upari brahmalokato heµµh± etasmi½ loke ya½ vatthuk±me paµicca kilesak±mavasena uppajjanato k±masahagata½ sukha½. Yañcida½ diviya½ sukhanti yañca ida½ divi bhava½ dibbavih±ravasena ca laddhabba½ brahm±na½ manuss±nañca r³pasam±pattisukha½. Taºhakkhayasukhass±ti ya½ ±gamma taºh± kh²yati, ta½ nibb±na½ ±rammaºa½ katv± taºh±ya ca paµipassambhanavasena pavattaphalasam±pattisukha½ taºhakkhayasukha½ n±ma, tassa taºhakkhayasukhassa. Eteti liªgavipall±sena niddeso, et±ni sukh±n²ti attho. Keci ubhayampi sukhas±maññena gahetv± “etan”ti paµhanti, tesa½ “kala½ n±gghat²”ti p±µhena bhavitabba½.
So¼asinti so¼asanna½ p³raºi½. Ayañhettha saªkhepattho– cakkavattisukha½ ±di½ katv± sabbasmi½ manussaloke manussasukha½, n±gasupaºº±diloke n±g±d²hi anubhavitabba½ sukha½, c±tumah±r±jik±didevaloke chabbidha½ k±masukhanti ya½ ek±dasavidhe k±maloke uppajjanta½ k±masukha½, yañca ida½ r³p±r³padevesu dibbavih±rabh³tesu r³p±r³pajjh±nesu ca uppannatt± “diviyan”ti laddhan±ma½ lokiyajjh±nasukha½, sakalampi tadubhaya½ taºhakkhayasukhasaªkh±ta½ phalasam±pattisukha½ so¼asa bh±ge katv± tato ekabh±ga½ so¼asabh±gaguºe laddha½ ekabh±gasaªkh±ta½ kala½ na agghat²ti. Ayañca atthavaººan± phalasam±pattis±maññena vutt±. P±¼iya½ avisesena taºhakkhayassa ±gatatt± paµhamaphalasam±pattisukhass±pi kala½ lokiya½ na agghati eva. Tath± hi vutta½–
“Pathaby± ekarajjena, saggassa gamanena v±;
sabbalok±dhipaccena, sot±pattiphala½ varan”ti. (Dha. pa. 178).
Sot±pattisa½yuttepi vutta½–
“Kiñc±pi, bhikkhave, r±j± cakkavatt² catunna½ d²p±na½ issariy±dhipacca½ rajja½ k±retv± k±yassa bhed± para½ maraº± sugati½ sagga½ loka½ upapajjati dev±na½ t±vati½s±na½ sahabyata½, so tattha nandane vane acchar±saªghaparivuto dibbehi ca pañcahi k±maguºehi samappito samaªg²bh³to paric±reti, so cat³hi dhammehi asamann±gato. Atha kho so aparimuttova niray±, aparimutto tiracch±nayoniy±, aparimutto pettivisay±, aparimutto ap±yaduggativinip±t±. Kiñc±pi, bhikkhave, ariyas±vako piº¹iy±lopena y±peti, nantak±ni ca dh±reti, so cat³hi dhammehi samann±gato, atha kho so parimutto niray±, parimutto tiracch±nayoniy±, parimutto pettivisay±, parimutto ap±yaduggativinip±t±.
“Katamehi cat³hi? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyas±vako buddhe aveccappas±dena samann±gato hoti ‘itipi so bhagav± araha½…pe.. buddho bhagav±’ti. Dhamme aveccappas±dena…pe… viññ³h²’ti. Saªghe aveccappas±dena…pe… puññakkhetta½ lokass±’ti. Ariyakantehi s²lehi samann±gato hoti akhaº¹ehi…pe… sam±dhisa½vattanikehi. Imehi cat³hi dhammehi samann±gato hoti. Yo ca, bhikkhave, catunna½ d²p±na½ paµil±bho, yo catunna½ dhamm±na½ paµil±bho, catunna½ d²p±na½ paµil±bho catunna½ dhamm±na½ paµil±bhassa kala½ n±gghati so¼asin”ti (sa½. ni. 5.997).
Eva½ bhagav± sabbattha lokiyasukha½ sa-uttara½ s±tisaya½, lokuttarasukhameva anuttaranti atisayanti bh±jes²ti.
Dutiyasuttavaººan± niµµhit±.