Atha b±hiyo ±k±se µhatv± kathenta½ mah±brahm±na½ oloketv± cintesi– “aho bh±riya½ vata kamma½, yamaha½ arah±ti cintesi½, ayañca ‘arahattag±min² paµipad±pi te natth²’ti vadati, atthi nu kho loke koci arah±”ti? Atha na½ pucchi. Tena vutta½– “atha ke carahi devate loke arahanto v± arahattamagga½ v± sam±pann±”ti.

Tattha ath±ti pucch±rambhe nip±to. Ke carah²ti ke etarahi. Loketi ok±saloke. Ayañhettha adhipp±yo– bh±janalokabh³te sakalasmi½ jambud²patale kasmi½ µh±ne arahanto v± arahattamagga½ v± sam±pann± etarahi viharanti, yattha maya½ te upasaªkamitv± tesa½ ov±de µhatv± vaµµadukkhato mucciss±m±ti. Uttares³ti supp±rakapaµµanato pubbuttaradis±bh±ga½ sandh±ya vutta½.

Arahanti ±rakatt± araha½. ¾rak± hi so sabbakilesehi suvid³ravid³re µhito maggena sav±san±na½ kiles±na½ viddha½sitatt±. Ar²na½ v± hatatt± araha½. Bhagavat± hi kiles±rayo anavasesato ariyamaggena hat± samucchinn±ti. Ar±na½ v± hatatt± araha½. Yañca avijj±bhavataºh±mayan±bhi puññ±di-abhisaªkh±r±ra½ jar±maraºanemi ±savasamudayamayena akkhena vijjhitv± tibhavarathe sam±yojita½ an±dik±lappavatta½ sa½s±racakka½. Tass±nena bodhimaº¹e v²riyap±dehi s²lapathaviya½ patiµµh±ya saddh±hatthena kammakkhayakarañ±ºapharasu½ gahetv± sabbepi ar± hat± vihat± viddha½sit±ti. Arahat²ti v± araha½. Bhagav± hi sadevake loke aggadakkhiºeyyatt± u¼±re c²var±dipaccaye p³j±visesañca arahati. Rah±bh±vato v± araha½. Tath±gato hi sabbaso samucchinnar±g±dikilesatt± p±pakilesass±pi asambhavato p±pakaraºe rah±bh±vatopi arahanti vuccati.

Samm± s±mañca sabbadhamm±na½ buddhatt± samm±sambuddho. Bhagav± hi abhiññeyye dhamme abhiññeyyato, pariññeyye dhamme pariññeyyato, pah±tabbe dhamme pah±tabbato, sacchik±tabbe dhamme sacchik±tabbato, bh±vetabbe dhamme bh±vetabbato abhisambujjhi. Vuttañheta½–

“Abhiññeyya½ abhiññ±ta½, bh±vetabbañca bh±vita½;
pah±tabba½ pah²na½ me, tasm± buddhosmi br±hmaº±”ti. (Su. ni. 563; ma. ni. 2.399; visuddhi. 1.131).

Apica kusale dhamme anavajjasukhavip±kato, akusale dhamme s±vajjadukkhavip±katoti-±din± sabbattikaduk±divasena ayamattho netabbo. Iti avipar²ta½ sayambhuñ±ºena sabb±k±rato sabbadhamm±na½ abhisambuddhatt± samm±sambuddhoti ayamettha saªkhepo. Vitth±ro pana visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 1.129-131) ±gatanayeneva veditabbo. Arahatt±y±ti aggaphalappaµil±bh±ya. Dhamma½ deset²ti ±dikaly±º±diguºavisesayutta½ s²l±dipaµipad±dhamma½ samathavipassan±dhammameva v± veneyyajjh±say±nur³pa½ upadisati katheti.

Sa½vejitoti “dhiratthu vata, bho, puthujjanabh±vassa, yen±ha½ anarah±va sam±no arah±ti amaññi½, samm±sambuddhañca loke uppajjitv± dhamma½ desenta½ na j±ni½, dujj±na½ kho panida½ j²vita½, dujj±na½ maraºan”ti sa½vegam±p±dito, devat±vacanena yath±vutten±k±rena sa½viggam±nasoti attho. T±vadev±ti tasmi½yeva khaºe. Supp±rak± pakk±m²ti buddhoti n±mamapi savanena uppann±ya buddh±rammaº±ya p²tiy± sa½vegena ca codiyam±nahadayo supp±rakapaµµanato s±vatthi½ uddissa pakkanto. Sabbattha ekarattipariv±sen±ti sabbasmi½ magge ekarattiv±seneva agam±si. Supp±rakapaµµanato hi s±vatthi v²sayojanasate hoti, tañc±ya½ ettaka½ addh±na½ ekarattiv±sena agam±si. Yad± supp±rakato nikkhanto, tadaheva s±vatthi½ sampattoti.

Katha½ pan±ya½ eva½ agam±s²ti? Devat±nubh±vena, “buddh±nubh±ven±”tipi vadanti. “Sabbattha ekarattipariv±sen±”ti pana vuttatt± maggassa ca v²sayojanasatikatt± antar±magge g±manigamar±jadh±n²su yattha yattha rattiya½ vasati, tattha tattha dutiya½ aruºa½ anuµµh±petv± sabbattha ekarattiv±seneva s±vatthi½ upasaªkam²ti ayamattho d²pito hot²ti. Nayida½ eva½ daµµhabba½. Sabbasmi½ v²sayojanasatike magge ekarattiv±sen±ti imassa atthassa adhippetatt±. Ekarattimatta½ so sakalasmi½ tasmi½ magge vasitv± pacchimadivase pubbaºhasamaye s±vatthi½ anuppattoti.

Bhagav±pi b±hiyassa ±gamana½ ñatv± “na t±vassa indriy±ni parip±ka½ gat±ni, khaºantare pana parip±ka½ gamissant²”ti tassa indriy±na½ parip±ka½ ±gamayam±no mah±bhikkhusaªghaparivuto tasmi½ khaºe s±vatthi½ piº¹±ya p±visi. So ca jetavana½ pavisitv± bhuttap±tar±se k±y±lasiyavimocanattha½ abbhok±se caªkamante sambahule bhikkh³ passitv± “kaha½ nu kho etarahi bhagav±”ti pucchi. Bhikkh³ “bhagav± s±vatthi½ piº¹±ya paviµµho”ti vatv± pucchi½su “tva½ pana kuto ±gato”ti? “Supp±rakapaµµanato ±gatomh²”ti. “D³rato ±gatosi, nis²da, t±va p±de dhovitv± makkhetv± thoka½ vissam±hi, ±gatak±le satth±ra½ dakkhas²”ti. “Aha½, bhante, attano j²vitantar±ya½ na j±n±mi, ekarattenevamhi katthacipi cira½ aµµhatv± anis²ditv± v²sayojanasatika½ magga½ ±gato, satth±ra½ passitv±va vissamiss±m²”ti vatv± taram±nar³po s±vatthi½ pavisitv± anopam±ya buddhasiriy± virocam±na½ bhagavanta½ passi. Tena vutta½ “tena kho pana samayena sambahul± bhikkh³ abbhok±se caªkamanti. Atha kho b±hiyo d±ruc²riyo yena te bhikkh³ tenupasaªkam²”ti-±di.

Tattha kahanti kattha. N³ti sa½saye, khoti padap³raºe, kasmi½ nu kho padeseti attho. Dassanak±mamh±ti daµµhuk±m± amha. Mayañhi ta½ bhagavanta½ andho viya cakkhu½, badhiro viya sota½, m³go viya kaly±ºav±kkaraºa½, hatthap±davikalo viya hatthap±de, daliddo viya dhanasampada½, kant±raddh±nappaµipanno viya khemantabh³mi½, rog±bhibh³to viya ±rogya½, mah±samudde bhinnan±vo viya mah±kulla½ passitu½ upasaªkamituñca icch±m±ti dasseti. Taram±nar³poti taram±n±k±ro.

P±s±dikanti b±tti½samah±purisalakkhaºa-as²ti-anubyañjanaby±mappabh±ketum±l±laªkat±ya samantap±s±dik±ya attano sar²rasobh±sampattiy± r³pak±yadassanaby±vaµassa janassa sabbabh±gato pas±d±vaha½. Pas±dan²yanti dasabalacatuves±rajjacha-as±dh±raºañ±ºa-aµµh±ras±veºika- buddhadhammappabhuti-aparim±ºaguºagaºasamann±gat±ya dhammak±yasampattiy± sarikkhakajanassa pas±dan²ya½ pas²ditabbayutta½ pas±d±raha½ v±. Santindriyanti cakkh±dipañcindriyalolabh±v±pagamanena v³pasantapañcindriya½. Santam±nasanti chaµµhassa manindriyassa nibbisevanabh±v³pagamanena v³pasantam±nasa½. Uttamadamathasamathamanuppattanti lokuttarapaññ±vimutticetovimuttisaªkh±ta½ uttama½ damatha½ samathañca anuppatv± adhigantv± µhita½. Dantanti suparisuddhak±yasam±c±rat±ya ceva hatthap±dakukkucc±bh±vato dav±di-abh±vato ca k±yena danta½. Guttanti suparisuddhavac²sam±c±rat±ya ceva niratthakav±c±bh±vato dav±di-abh±vato ca v±c±ya gutta½. Yatindriyanti suparisuddhamanosam±c±rat±ya ariyiddhiyogena aby±vaµa-appaµisaªkh±nupekkh±bh±vato ca manindriyavasena yatindriya½. N±ganti chand±divasena agamanato, pah²n±na½ r±g±dikiles±na½ pun±n±gamanato, kassacipi ±gussa sabbath±pi akaraºato, punabbhavassa ca agamanatoti imehi k±raºehi n±ga½. Ettha ca p±s±dikanti imin± r³pak±yena bhagavato pam±ºabh³tata½ d²peti, pas±dan²yanti imin± dhammak±yena, santindriyanti-±din± sesehi pam±ºabh³tata½ d²peti. Tena catuppam±ºike lokasanniv±se anavasesato satt±na½ bhagavato pam±ºabh±vo pak±sitoti veditabbo.

Eva½bh³tañca bhagavanta½ antarav²thiya½ gacchanta½ disv± “cirassa½ vata me samm±sambuddho diµµho”ti haµµhatuµµho pañcavaºº±ya p²tiy± nirantara½ phuµasar²ro p²tivipph±ritavivaµaniccalalocano diµµhaµµh±nato paµµh±ya oºatasar²ro bhagavato sar²rappabh±vemajjha½ ajjhog±hetv± tattha nimujjanto bhagavato sam²pa½ upasaªkamitv± pañcapatiµµhitena vanditv± bhagavato p±de samb±hanto paricumbanto “desetu me, bhante, bhagav± dhamman”ti ±ha. Tena vutta½– “bhagavato p±de siras± nipatitv± bhagavanta½ etadavoca– ‘desetu me, bhante, bhagav± dhamma½, desetu sugato dhamma½, ya½ mamassa d²gharatta½ hit±ya sukh±y±”’ti.

Tattha sugatoti sobhanagamanatt±, sundara½ µh±na½ gatatt±, samm± gatatt±, samm± gadatt± sugato. Gamanampi hi gatanti vuccati, tañca bhagavato sobhana½ parisuddha½ anavajja½. Ki½ pana tanti? Ariyamaggo. Tena hesa gamanena khema½ disa½ asajjam±no gato, aññepi gamet²ti sobhanagamanatt± sugato. Sundarañcesa µh±na½ amata½ nibb±na½ gatoti sundara½ µh±na½ gatatt± sugato. Samm± ca gatatt± sugato tena tena maggena pah²ne kilese puna apacc±gamanato. Vuttañheta½–

“Sot±pattimaggena ye kiles± pah²n±, te kilese na puneti na pacceti na pacc±gacchat²ti sugato. Sakad±g±mi…pe… arahattamaggena…pe… na pacc±gacchat²ti sugato”ti (c³¼ani. mettag³m±ºavapucch±niddesa 27).

Atha v± samm± gatatt±ti t²supi avatth±su samm±paµipattiy± gatatt±, suppaµipannatt±ti attho. D²paªkarap±dam³lato hi paµµh±ya y±va mah±bodhimaº¹± t±va samati½sap±ramip³rit±ya samm±paµipattiy± ñ±tatthacariy±ya lokatthacariy±ya buddhatthacariy±ya koµi½ p±puºitv± sabbalokassa hitasukhameva paribr³hanto sassata½ uccheda½ k±masukha½ attakilamathanti ime ante anupagacchantiy± anuttar±ya bojjhaªgabh±van±saªkh±t±ya majjhim±ya paµipad±ya ariyasaccesu tato para½ samadhigatadhamm±dhipateyyo sabbasattesu avisay±ya samm±paµipattiy± ca gato paµipannoti evampi samm± gatatt± sugato. Samm± cesa gadati yuttaµµh±ne yuttameva v±ca½ bh±sat²ti sugato. Vuttampi ceta½–

“K±lav±d² bh³tav±d², atthav±d², dhammav±d², vinayav±d², nidh±navati½ v±ca½ bh±sit± k±lena s±padesa½ pariyantavati½ atthasa½hitan”ti (d². ni. 1.9; ma. ni. 3.14).

Aparampi vutta½–

“Y± s± v±c± abh³t± atacch± anatthasa½hit±, y± ca paresa½ appiy± aman±p±, na ta½ tath±gato v±ca½ bh±sat²”ti-±di (ma. ni. 2.86).

Eva½ samm± gadatt±pi sugato.

Ya½ mamassa d²gharatta½ hit±ya sukh±y±ti ya½ dhammassa upadisana½ cirak±la½ mama jh±navimokkh±dihit±ya tadadhigantabbasukh±ya ca siy±. Ak±lo kho t±va b±hiy±ti tava dhammadesan±ya na t±va k±loti attho. Ki½ pana bhagavato sattahitapaµipattiy± ak±lopi n±ma atthi, yato bhagav± k±lav±d²ti? Vuccate– k±loti cettha veneyy±na½ indriyaparip±kak±lo adhippeto. Yasm± pana tad± b±hiyassa attano indriy±na½ paripakk±paripakkabh±vo dubbiññeyyo, tasm± bhagav± ta½ avatv± attano antarav²thiya½ µhitabh±vamassa k±raºa½ apadisanto ±ha “antaraghara½ paviµµhamh±”ti. Dujj±nanti dubbiññeyya½. J²vitantar±y±nanti j²vitassa antar±yakaradhamm±na½ vattana½ avattana½ v±ti vattuk±mo sambhamavasena “j²vitantar±y±nan”ti ±ha. Tath± hi anekapaccayappaµibaddhavuttij²vita½ anekar³p± ca tadantar±y±. Vuttañhi–