1. Bodhivaggo
1. Paµhamabodhisuttavaººan±
1. Ya½ panettha “eva½ me sutan”ti-±dika½ nid±na½, tattha evanti nip±tapada½. Meti-±d²ni n±mapad±ni. Uruvel±ya½ viharat²ti ettha v²ti upasaggapada½, harat²ti ±khy±tapadanti imin±va nayena sabbattha padavibh±go veditabbo. Atthato pana eva½saddo t±va upam³padesasampaha½sanagarahaºavacanasampaµiggah±k±ra- nidassan±vadh±raºapucch±-idamatthaparim±º±di anekatthappabhedo. Tath± hesa “eva½ j±tena maccena, kattabba½ kusala½ bahun”ti evam±d²su (dha. pa. 53) upam±ya½ ±gato. “Eva½ te abhikkamitabba½, eva½ te paµikkamitabban”ti-±d²su (a. ni. 4.122) upadese. “Evameta½ bhagav±, evameta½ sugat±”ti-±d²su (a. ni. 3.66) sampaha½sane. “Evameva½ pan±ya½ vasal² yasmi½ v± tasmi½ v± tassa muº¹akassa samaºakassa vaººa½ bh±sat²”ti-±d²su (sa½. ni. 1.187) garahaºe. “Eva½, bhanteti kho te bhikkh³ bhagavato paccassosun”ti-±d²su (d². ni. 2.3; ma. ni. 1.1) vacanasampaµiggahe. “Eva½ by± kho aha½, bhante, bhagavat± dhamma½ desita½ ±j±n±m²”ti-±d²su (ma. ni. 1.398) ±k±re. “Ehi tva½, m±ºavaka, yena samaºo ±nando tenupasaªkama, upasaªkamitv± mama vacanena samaºa½ ±nanda½ app±b±dha½ app±taªka½ lahuµµh±na½ bala½ ph±suvih±ra½ puccha ‘subho m±ºavo todeyyaputto bhavanta½ ±nanda½ app±b±dha½ app±taªka½ lahuµµh±na½ bala½ ph±suvih±ra½ pucchat²’ti, evañca vadehi ‘s±dhu kira bhava½ ±nando yena subhassa m±ºavassa todeyyaputtassa nivesana½, tenupasaªkamatu anukampa½ up±d±y±’ti”±d²su (d². ni. 1.445) nidassane. “‘Ta½ ki½ maññatha, k±l±m±, ime dhamm± kusal± v± akusal± v±’ti? ‘Akusal±, bhante’. ‘S±vajj± v± anavajj± v±’ti? ‘S±vajj±, bhante’. ‘Viññ³garahit± v± viññuppasatth± v±’ti? ‘Viññ³garahit±, bhante’. ‘Samatt± sam±dinn± ahit±ya dukkh±ya sa½vattanti, no’v±? ‘Katha½ vo ettha hot²’ti? ‘Samatt±, bhante, sam±dinn± ahit±ya dukkh±ya sa½vattanti, eva½ no ettha hot²ti”’±d²su (a. ni. 3.66) avadh±raºe. “Evamete sunh±t± suvilitt± kappitakesamass³ ±muttam±l±bharaº±”ti-±d²su (d². ni. 1.286) pucch±ya½. “Eva½gat±ni puthusipp±yatan±ni (d². ni. 1.182), eva½vidho evam±k±ro”ti-±d²su ida½saddassa atthe. Gatasaddo hi pak±rapariy±yo, tath± vidh±k±rasadd±. Tath± hi vidhayuttagatasadde lokiy± pak±ratthe vadanti. “Eva½ lahuparivatta½ evam±yupariyanto”ti-±d²su (a. ni. 1.48) parim±ºe. Nanu ca “eva½ vitakkita½ no tumhehi, evam±yupariyanto”ti cettha eva½saddena pucchan±k±raparim±º±k±r±na½ vuttatt± ±k±rattho eva eva½saddoti. Na, visesasabbh±vato. ¾k±ramattav±cako hettha eva½saddo ±k±ratthoti adhippeto. “Eva½ by± kho”ti-±d²su pana ±k±ravisesavacano. ¾k±ravisesav±cino cete eva½sadd± pucchan±k±raparim±º±k±r±na½ v±cakatt±. Evañca katv± “eva½ j±tena maccen±”ti-±d²ni upam±na-ud±haraº±ni yujjanti. Tattha hi–
“Yath±pi pupphar±simh±, kayir± m±l±guºe bah³;
eva½ j±tena maccena, kattabba½ kusala½ bahun”ti.–
Ettha pupphar±siµµh±n²yato manussuppatti sappuris³panissayasaddhammassavanayonisomanasik±rabhogasampatti-±dito d±n±dipuññakiriy±hetusamud±yato sobh±sugandhat±diguºavisesayogato m±l±guºasadisiyo bahuk± puññakiriy± maritabbasabh±vat±ya maccena kattabb±ti abhedat±ya pupphar±si m±l±guº± ca upam±, tesa½ upam±n±k±ro yath±saddena aniyamato vutto. Puna eva½saddena niyamanavasena vutto. So pana upam±k±ro niyamiyam±no atthato upam± eva hot²ti vutta½ “upam±ya½ ±gato”ti.
Tath± “eva½ imin± ±k±rena abhikkamitabban”ti-±din± upadisiyam±n±ya samaºas±rupp±ya ±kappasampattiy± yo tattha upades±k±ro, so atthato upadesoyev±ti vutta½– “eva½ te abhikkamitabba½, eva½ te paµikkamitabbanti-±d²su upadese”ti. “Evameta½ bhagav±, evameta½ sugat±”ti ettha bhagavat± yath±vuttamattha½ avipar²tato j±nantehi kata½ ya½ tattha vijjam±naguº±na½ pak±rehi ha½sana½ udaggat±karaºa½ sampaha½sana½, so tattha paha½san±k±roti vuttanayena yojetabba½. “Evameva½ pan±yan”ti ettha garahaº±k±roti vuttanayena yojetabba½. So ca garahaº±k±ro “vasal²”ti-±dikhu½sanasaddasannidh±nato idha eva½saddena pak±sitoti viññ±yati. Yath± cettha, eva½ upam±k±r±dayopi upam±divasena vutt±na½ pupphar±si-±disadd±na½ sannidh±nato vutt±ti veditabba½. “Eva½ no”ti etth±pi tesa½ yath±vuttadhamm±na½ ahitadukkh±vahabh±vena sanniµµh±najananattha½ anumatiggahaºavasena “no v± katha½ vo ettha hot²”ti pucch±ya kat±ya “eva½ no ettha hot²”ti vuttatt± tad±k±rasanniµµh±na½ eva½saddena ±vikata½. So pana tesa½ dhamm±na½ ahit±ya dukkh±ya sa½vattan±k±ro niyamiyam±no avadh±raºattho hot²ti vutta½– “eva½ no ettha hot²ti-±d²su avadh±raºe”ti. “Evañca vadeh²”ti yath±ha½ vad±mi eva½ samaºa½ ±nanda½ vadeh²ti vadan±k±ro id±ni vattabbo eva½saddena nidass²yat²ti “nidassanattho”ti vutta½. Evam±k±ravisesav±c²nampi etesa½ eva½sadd±na½ upam±divisesatthavuttit±ya upam±di-atthat± vutt±. “Eva½, bhante”ti pana dhammassa s±dhuka½ savanamanasik±re niyojitehi bhikkh³hi tattha patiµµhitabh±vassa paµij±nanavasena vuttatt± tattha eva½saddo vacanasampaµiggahattho. Tena eva½, bhanteti s±dhu, bhante, suµµhu, bhanteti vutta½ hoti. Sv±yamidha ±k±ranidassan±vadh±raºesu daµµhabbo. Tattha ±k±ratthena eva½saddena etamattha½ d²peti– n±n±nayanipuºamanekajjh±sayasamuµµh±na½ atthabyañjanasampanna½ vividhap±µih±riya½ dhammatthadesan±paµivedhagambh²ra½ sabbasatt±na½ sakasakabh±s±nur³pato sotapatham±gacchanta½ tassa bhagavato vacana½ sabbappak±rena ko samattho viññ±tu½, sabbath±mena pana sotuk±mata½ janetv±pi eva½ me suta½, may±pi eken±k±rena sutanti. Ettha ca ekattan±natta-aby±p±ra-eva½dhammat±saªkh±t± nandiy±vattatipukkhalas²havikk²¼itadis±locana-aªkusasaªkh±t± ca ass±d±divisay±dibhedena n±n±vidh± nay± n±n±nay±. Nay± v± p±¼igatiyo, t± ca paññatti-anupaññatt±divasena sa½kilesabh±giy±dilokiy±ditadubhayavomissak±divasena kusal±divasena khandh±divasena, saªgah±divasena, samayavimutt±divasena, µhapan±divasena kusalam³l±divasena, tikapaµµh±n±divasena ca n±nappak±r±ti n±n±nay±, tehi nipuºa½ saºha½ sukhumanti n±n±nayanipuºa½. ¾sayova ajjh±sayo, so ca sassat±dibhedena apparajakkhat±dibhedena ca anekavidho. Attajjh±say±diko eva v± aneko ajjh±sayo anekajjh±sayo. So samuµµh±na½ uppattihetu etass±ti anekajjh±sayasamuµµh±na½. S²l±di-atthasampattiy± tabbibh±vanabyañjanasampattiy± saªk±sanapak±sanavivaraºavibhajana-utt±n²karaºapaññattivasena chahi atthapadehi akkharapadabyañjan±k±raniruttiniddesavasena chahi byañjanapadehi ca samann±gatatt± atthabyañjanasampanna½. Iddhi-±desan±nus±san²bhedena tesu ca ekekassa visay±dibhedena vividha½ bahuvidha½ v± p±µih±riya½ etass±ti vividhap±µih±riya½. Tattha paµipakkhaharaºato r±g±dikiles±panayanato p±µih±riyanti atthe sati bhagavato na paµipakkh± r±g±dayo santi ye haritabb±, puthujjan±nampi vigat³pakkilese aµµhaguºasamann±gate citte hatapaµipakkhe iddhividha½ pavattati, tasm± tattha pavattavoh±rena ca na sakk± idha p±µih±riyanti vattu½. Sace pana mah±k±ruºikassa bhagavato veneyyagat± ca kiles± paµipakkh±, tesa½ haraºato p±µih±riyanti vutta½, eva½ sati yuttameta½. Atha v± bhagavato ceva s±sanassa ca paµipakkh± titthiy±, tesa½ haraºato p±µih±riya½. Te hi diµµhiharaºavasena diµµhippak±sane asamatthabh±vena ca iddhi-±desan±nus±san²hi harit± apan²t± honti. Paµ²ti v± aya½ saddo pacch±ti etassa attha½ bodheti “tasmi½ paµipaviµµhamhi, añño ±gañchi br±hmaºo”ti-±d²su (c³¼ani. p±r±yanavagga, vatthug±th± 4) viya. Tasm± sam±hite citte vigat³pakkilese katakiccena pacch± haritabba½ pavattetabbanti paµih±riya½. Attano v± upakkilesesu catutthajjh±namaggehi haritesu pacch± haraºa½ paµih±riya½. Iddhi-±desan±nus±saniyo vigat³pakkilesena katakiccena sattahitattha½ puna pavattetabb±, haritesu ca attano upakkilesesu parasatt±na½ upakkilesaharaº±ni hont²ti paµih±riy±ni bhavanti. Paµih±riyameva p±µih±riya½, paµih±riye v± iddhi-±desan±nus±san²samud±ye bhava½ ekeka½ p±µih±riyanti vuccati. Paµih±riya½ v± catutthajjh±na½ maggo ca paµipakkhaharaºato. Tattha j±ta½ nimittabh³tato tato v± ±gatanti p±µih±riyanti attho veditabbo. Yasm± pana tanti-atthadesan± tabboh±r±bhisamayasaªkh±t± hetuhetuphalatadubhayapaññattipaµivedhasaªkh±t± v± dhammatthadesan±paµivedh± gambh²r±, sas±d²hi viya mah±samuddo anupacitakusalasambh±rehi alabbhaneyyappatiµµh± duppariyog±h± ca, tasm± tehi cat³hi gambh²rabh±vehi yuttanti bhagavato vacana½ dhammatthadesan±paµivedhagambh²ra½. Eko eva bhagavato dhammadesan±ghoso, ekasmi½ khaºe pavattam±no n±n±bh±s±na½ satt±na½ attano attano bh±s±vasena apubba½ acarima½ gahaº³pago hoti. Acinteyyo hi buddh±na½ buddh±nubh±voti sabbasatt±na½ sakasakabh±s±nur³pato sotapatha½ ±gacchat²ti veditabba½. Nidassanatthena “n±ha½ sayambh³, na may± ida½ sacchikatan”ti att±na½ parimocento “eva½ me suta½, may±pi eva½ sutan”ti id±ni vattabba½ sakala½ sutta½ nidasseti. Avadh±raºatthena “etadagga½, bhikkhave, mama s±vak±na½ bhikkh³na½ bahussut±na½ yadida½ ±nando, gatimant±na½, satimant±na½, dhitimant±na½, upaµµh±k±na½ yadida½ ±nando”ti (a. ni. 1.219-223) eva½ bhagavat±, “±yasm± ±nando atthakusalo, dhammakusalo, byañjanakusalo, niruttikusalo, pubb±parakusalo”ti (a. ni. 5.169) eva½ dhammasen±patin± ca pasatthabh±v±nur³pa½ attano dh±raºabala½ dassento satt±na½ sotuk±mata½ janeti. “Eva½ me suta½, tañca kho atthato v± byañjanato v± an³namanadhika½, evameva na aññath± daµµhabban”ti. Aññath±ti bhagavato sammukh± sut±k±rato aññath± na pana bhagavat± desit±k±rato. Acinteyy±nubh±v± hi bhagavato desan±, s± neva sabb±k±rena sakk± viññ±tunti vuttov±yamattho. Sut±k±r±virujjhanameva hi dh±raºabala½. Mesaddo t²su atthesu dissati. Tath± hissa “g±th±bhig²ta½ me abhojaneyyan”ti-±d²su (sa½. ni. 1.194; su. ni. 81) may±ti attho. “S±dhu me, bhante, bhagav± sa½khittena dhamma½ deset³”ti-±d²su (sa½. ni. 4.88; 5.382; a. ni. 4.257) mayhanti attho. “Dhammad±y±d± me, bhikkhave, bhavath±”ti-±d²su (ma. ni. 1.29) mam±ti attho. Idha pana “may± suta½, mama sutan”ti ca atthadvaye yujjati. Ettha ca yo paro na hoti, so att±ti eva½ vattabbe niyakajjhattasaªkh±te sasant±ne vattanato tividhopi mesaddo kiñc±pi ekasmi½yeva atthe dissati, karaºasampad±n±divisesasaªkh±to pana viññ±yatev±ya½ atthabhedoti “me-saddo t²su atthesu dissat²”ti vuttoti daµµhabba½.