6. Mah±k±¼attheravatthu
Subh±nupassinti ima½ dhammadesana½ satth± setabyanagara½ upaniss±ya si½sap±vane viharanto c³¼ak±¼amah±k±¼e ±rabbha kathesi. Setabyanagarav±sino hi c³¼ak±¼o, majjhimak±¼o, mah±k±¼oti tayo bh±taro kuµumbik± Tesu jeµµhakaniµµh± dis±su vicaritv± pañcahi sakaµasatehi bhaº¹a½ ±haranti, majjhimak±¼o ±bhata½ vikkiº±ti. Athekasmi½ samaye te ubhopi bh±taro pañcahi sakaµasatehi n±n±bhaº¹a½ gahetv± s±vatthi½ gantv± s±vatthiy± ca jetavanassa ca antare sakaµ±ni mocayi½su. Tesu mah±k±¼o s±yanhasamaye m±l±gandh±dihatthe s±vatthiv±sino ariyas±vake dhammassavan±ya gacchante disv± “kuhi½ ime gacchant²”ti pucchitv± tamattha½ sutv± “ahampi gamiss±m²”ti cintetv± kaniµµha½ ±mantetv±, “t±ta, tesu sakaµesu appamatto hohi, aha½ dhamma½ sotu½ gacch±m²”ti vatv± gantv± tath±gata½ vanditv± parisapariyante nis²di. Satth± ta½ disv± tassa ajjh±sayavasena anupubbi½ katha½ kathento dukkhakkhandhasutt±divasena (ma. ni. 1.163 ±dayo) anekapariy±yena k±m±na½ ±d²nava½ ok±ra½ sa½kilesañca kathesi. Ta½ sutv± mah±k±¼o “sabba½ kira pah±ya gantabba½, paraloka½ gacchanta½ neva bhog±, na ñ±tak± ca anugacchanti, ki½ me ghar±v±sena pabbajiss±m²”ti cintetv± mah±jane satth±ra½ vanditv± pakkante satth±ra½ pabbajja½ y±citv± satth±r± “natthi te koci apaloketabbo”ti vutte, “kaniµµho me, bhante, atth²”ti vatv± tena hi “apalokehi nan”ti vutte, “s±dhu, bhante”ti vatv± gantv± kaniµµha½ pakkos±petv±, “t±ta, ima½ sabba½ s±pateyya½ paµipajj±h²”ti ±ha. “Tumhe pana ki½ karissatha bh±tik±”ti? “Aha½ satthu santike pabbajiss±m²”ti. So ta½ n±nappak±rehi y±citv± nivattetu½ asakkonto “s±dhu, s±mi, yath± ajjh±saya½ karoth±”ti ±ha. Mah±k±¼o gantv± satthu santike pabbaji. “Aha½ bh±tika½ gahetv±va uppabbajiss±m²”ti c³¼ak±¼opi pabbaji. Aparabh±ge mah±k±¼o upasampada½ labhitv± satth±ra½ upasaªkamitv± s±sane dhur±ni pucchitv± satth±r± dv²su dhuresu kathitesu “aha½, bhante, mahallakak±le pabbajitatt± ganthadhura½ p³retu½ na sakkhiss±mi, vipassan±dhura½ pana p³ress±m²”ti y±va arahatt± kammaµµh±na½ kath±petv± sos±nikadhutaªga½ sam±d±ya paµhamay±m±tikkante sabbesu nidda½ okkantesu sus±na½ gantv± pacc³sak±le sabbesu anuµµhitesuyeva vih±ra½ ±gacchati. Athek± sus±nagopik± k±l² n±ma chava¹±hik± therassa µhitaµµh±na½ nisinnaµµh±na½ caªkamitaµµh±nañca disv± “ko nu kho idh±gacchati, pariggaºhiss±mi nan”ti pariggaºhitu½ asakkont² ekadivasa½ sus±nakuµik±yameva d²pa½ j±letv± puttadh²taro ±d±ya gantv± ekamante nil²yam±n± majjhimay±me thera½ ±gacchanta½ disv± gantv± vanditv±, “ayyo, no, bhante, imasmi½ µh±ne viharat²”ti ±ha. “¾ma, up±sike”ti. “Bhante, sus±ne viharantehi n±ma vatta½ uggaºhitu½ vaµµat²”ti. Thero “ki½ pana maya½ tay± kathitavatte vattiss±m±”ti avatv± “ki½ k±tu½ vaµµati up±sike”ti ±ha. “Bhante, sos±nikehi n±ma sus±ne vasanabh±vo sus±nagopak±nañca vih±re mah±therassa ca g±mabhojakassa ca kathetu½ vaµµat²”ti. “Thero ki½ k±raº±”ti? “Katakamm± cor± dhanas±mikehi pad±nupada½ anubaddh± sus±ne bhaº¹aka½ cha¹¹etv± pal±yanti, atha manuss± sos±nik±na½ paripantha½ karonti, etesa½ pana kathite ‘maya½ imassa bhaddantassa ettaka½ n±ma k±la½ ettha vasanabh±va½ j±n±ma, acoro eso’ti upaddava½ niv±renti. Tasm± etesa½ kathetu½ vaµµat²”ti. “Thero añña½ ki½ k±tabban”ti? “Bhante, sus±ne vasantena n±ma ayyena macchama½satilapiµµhatelagu¼±d²ni vajjetabb±ni, div± na nidd±yitabba½, kus²tena na bhavitabba½, ±raddhav²riyena bhavitabba½, asaµhena am±y±vin± hutv± kaly±ºajjh±sayena bhavitabba½, s±ya½ sabbesu suttesu vih±rato ±gantabba½, pacc³sak±le sabbesu anuµµhitesuyeva vih±ra½ gantabba½. Sace, bhante, ayyo imasmi½ µh±ne eva½ viharanto pabbajitakicca½ matthaka½ p±petu½ sakkhissati, sace matasar²ra½ ±netv± cha¹¹enti, aha½ kambalak³µ±g±ra½ ±ropetv± gandham±l±d²hi sakk±ra½ katv± sar²rakicca½ kariss±mi. No ce sakkhissati, citaka½ ±ropetv± aggi½ j±letv± saªkun± ±ka¹¹hitv± bahi khipitv± pharasun± koµµetv± khaº¹±khaº¹ika½ chinditv± aggimhi pakkhipitv± jh±pess±m²”ti ±ha. Atha na½ thero “s±dhu bhadde, eka½ pana r³p±rammaºa½ disv± mayha½ katheyy±s²”ti ±ha. S± “s±dh³”ti paccassosi. Thero yath±jjh±sayena sus±ne samaºadhamma½ karoti. C³¼ak±¼atthero pana uµµh±ya samuµµh±ya ghar±v±sa½ cinteti, puttad±ra½ anussarati. “Bh±tiko me atibh±riya½ kamma½ karot²”ti cinteti. Athek± kuladh²t± ta½muhuttasamuµµhitena by±dhin± s±yanhasamaye amil±t± akilant± k±lamak±si. Tamena½ ñ±tak±dayo d±rutel±d²hi saddhi½ s±ya½ sus±na½ netv± sus±nagopik±ya “ima½ jh±peh²”ti bhati½ datv± niyy±detv± pakkami½su. S± tass± p±rutavattha½ apanetv± ta½muhuttamata½ p²ºitap²ºita½ suvaººavaººa½ sar²ra½ disv±, “ima½ ayyassa dassetu½ patir³pa½ ±rammaºan”ti cintetv± gantv± thera½ vanditv±, “bhante, evar³pa½ n±ma ±rammaºa½ atthi, oloketha ayy±”ti ±ha. Thero “s±dh³”ti vatv± p±rupana½ n²har±petv± p±datalato y±va kesagg± oloketv± “atip²ºitameta½ r³pa½ suvaººavaººa½ aggimhi na½ pakkhipitv± mah±j±l±hi gahitamattak±le mayha½ ±roceyy±s²”ti vatv± sakaµµh±nameva gantv± nis²di. S± tath± katv± therassa ±rocesi. Thero gantv± olokesi. J±l±ya pahaµapahaµaµµh±na½ kabarag±viy± viya sar²ravaººa½ ahosi, p±d± namitv± olambi½su, hatth± paµikuµi½su, ³runal±µa½ niccamma½ ahosi Thero “ida½ sar²ra½ id±neva olokent±na½ apariyantakara½ hutv± id±neva khaya½ patta½ vaya½ pattan”ti rattiµµh±na½ gantv± nis²ditv± khayavaya½ sampassam±no–
“Anicc± vata saªkh±r±, upp±davayadhammino;
uppajjitv± nirujjhanti, tesa½ v³pasamo sukho”ti. (D². ni. 2.221, 272; sa½. ni. 1.186; 2.143; j±. 1.1.95)–
G±tha½ vatv± vipassana½ va¹¹hetv± saha paµisambhid±hi arahatta½ p±puºi.
Tasmi½ arahatta½ patte satth± bhikkhusaªghaparivuto c±rika½ caram±no setabya½ gantv± si½sap±vana½ p±visi. C³¼ak±¼assa bhariy±yo “satth± kira anuppatto si½sap±vanan”ti sutv± “amh±ka½ s±mika½ gaºhiss±m±”ti pesetv± satth±ra½ nimant±pesu½. Buddh±na½ pana apariciººaµµh±ne ±sanapaññatti½ ±cikkhantena ekena bhikkhun± paµhamatara½ gantu½ vaµµati. Buddh±nañhi majjhimaµµh±ne ±sana½ paññ±petv± tassa dakkhiºato s±riputtattherassa, v±mato mah±moggall±nattherassa, tato paµµh±ya ubhosu passesu bhikkhusaªghassa ±sana½ paññ±petabba½ hoti. Tasm± mah±k±¼atthero c²varap±rupanaµµh±ne µhatv±, “c³¼ak±¼a, tva½ purato gantv± ±sanapaññatti½ ±cikkh±”ti c³¼ak±¼a½ pesesi. Tassa diµµhak±lato paµµh±ya gehajan± tena saddhi½ parih±sa½ karont± n²c±san±ni saªghattherassa koµiya½ attharanti, ucc±san±ni saªghanavakassa koµiya½. Itaro “m± eva½ karotha, n²c±san±ni upari m± paññ±petha, ucc±san±ni upari paññ±petha, n²c±san±ni heµµh±”ti ±ha. Itthiyo tassa vacana½ asuºantiyo viya “tva½ ki½ karonto vicarasi, ki½ tava ±san±ni paññ±petu½ na vaµµati, tva½ ka½ ±pucchitv± pabbajito, kena pabbajitosi, kasm± idh±gatos²”ti vatv± niv±sanap±rupana½ acchinditv± setak±ni niv±setv± s²se ca m±l±cumbuµaka½ µhapetv±, “gaccha satth±ra½ ±nehi, maya½ ±san±ni paññ±pess±m±”ti pahiºi½su. Na cira½ bhikkhubh±ve µhatv± avassikova uppabbajitatt± lajjitu½ na j±n±ti, tasm± so tena ±kappena nir±saªkova gantv± satth±ra½ vanditv± buddhappamukha½ bhikkhusaªgha½ ±d±ya ±gato. Bhikkhusaªghassa pana bhattakicc±vas±ne mah±k±¼assa bhariy±yo “im±hi attano s±miko gahito, mayampi amh±ka½ s±mika½ gaºhiss±m±”ti cintetv± punadivase satth±ra½ nimantayi½su. Tad± pana ±sanapaññ±panattha½ añño bhikkhu agam±si. T± tasmi½ khaºe ok±sa½ alabhitv± buddhappamukha½ bhikkhusaªgha½ nis²d±petv± bhikkha½ ada½su. C³¼ak±¼assa pana dve bhariy±yo, majjhimak±¼assa catasso, mah±k±¼assa pana aµµha. Bhikkh³pi bhattakicca½ k±tuk±m± nis²ditv± bhattakiccamaka½su, bahi gantuk±m± uµµh±ya agama½su. Satth± pana nis²ditv± bhattakicca½ kari. Tassa bhattakiccapariyos±ne t± itthiyo, “bhante, mah±k±¼o amh±ka½ anumodana½ katv± ±gacchissati, tumhe purato gacchath±”ti vadi½su. Satth± “s±dh³”ti vatv± purato agam±si. G±madv±ra½ patv± bhikkh³ ujjh±yi½su “ki½ n±meta½ satth±r± kata½, ñatv± nu kho kata½, ud±hu aj±nitv±. Hiyyo c³¼ak±¼assa purato gatatt± pabbajjantar±yo j±to, ajja aññassa purato gatatt± antar±yo n±hosi. Id±ni mah±k±¼a½ µhapetv± ±gato, s²lav± kho pana bhikkhu ±c±rasampanno, karissati nu kho tassa pabbajjantar±yan”ti. Satth± tesa½ vacana½ sutv± nivattitv± µhito “ki½ kathetha, bhikkhave”ti pucchi Te tamattha½ ±rocesu½. “Ki½ pana tumhe, bhikkhave, c³¼ak±¼a½ viya mah±k±¼a½ sallakkheth±”ti? “¾ma, bhante”. Tassa hi dve paj±patiyo, imassa aµµha. “Aµµhahi parikkhipitv± gahito ki½ karissati, bhante”ti? Satth± “m±, bhikkhave, eva½ avacuttha, c³¼ak±¼o uµµh±ya samuµµh±ya subh±rammaºabahulo viharati, pap±te µhito dubbalarukkhasadiso. Mayha½ pana putto mah±k±¼o asubh±nupass² viharati, ghanaselapabbato viya acalo”ti vatv± im± g±th± abh±si– 7. “Subh±nupassi½ viharanta½, indriyesu asa½vuta½;
bhojanamhi c±mattaññu½, kus²ta½ h²nav²riya½;
ta½ ve pasahati m±ro, v±to rukkha½va dubbala½.
8. “Asubh±nupassi½ viharanta½, indriyesu susa½vuta½;
bhojanamhi ca mattaññu½, saddha½ ±raddhav²riya½;
ta½ ve nappasahat² m±ro, v±to sela½va pabbatan”ti.
Tattha subh±nupassi½ viharantanti suta½ anupassanta½, iµµh±rammaºe m±nasa½ vissajjetv± viharantanti attho. Yo hi puggalo nimittagg±ha½ anubyañjanagg±ha½ gaºhanto “nakh± sobhan±”ti gaºh±ti, “aªguliyo sobhan±”ti gaºh±ti, “hatthap±d±, jaªgh±, ³ru, kaµi, udara½, than±, g²v±, oµµh±, dant±, mukha½, n±s±, akkh²ni, kaºº±, bhamuk±, nal±µa½, kes±, sobhan±”ti gaºh±ti, “kes±, lom±, nakh±, dant±, taco, sobhan±”ti gaºh±ti, vaººo subho, saºµh±na½ subhanti, aya½ subh±nupass² n±ma. Eva½ ta½ subh±nupassi½ viharanta½. Indriyes³ti cakkh±d²su chasu indriyesu. Asa½vutanti cakkhudv±r±d²ni arakkhanta½. Pariyesanamatt± paµiggahaºamatt± paribhogamatt±ti imiss± matt±ya aj±nanato bhojanamhi c±mattaññu½. Apica paccavekkhaºamatt± vissajjanamatt±ti imiss±pi matt±ya aj±nanato amattaññu½, ida½ bhojana½ dhammika½, ida½ adhammikantipi aj±nanta½. K±macchandaby±p±davihi½s±vitakkavasit±ya kus²ta½. H²nav²riyanti nibb²riya½ cat³su iriy±pathesu v²riyakaraºarahita½. Pasahat²ti abhibhavati ajjhottharati. V±to rukkha½va dubbalanti balavav±to chinnapap±te j±ta½ dubbalarukkha½ viya. Yath± hi so v±to tassa dubbalarukkhassa pupphaphalapallav±d²nipi p±teti, khuddakas±kh±pi bhañjati, mah±s±kh±pi bhañjati, sam³lakampi ta½ rukkha½ upp±µetv± uddha½m³la½ adhos±kha½ katv± gacchati, evameva evar³pa½ puggala½ anto uppanno kilesam±ro pasahati, balavav±to dubbalarukkhassa pupphaphalapallav±dip±tana½ viya khudd±nukhuddak±patti-±pajjanampi karoti, khuddakas±kh±bhañjana½ viya nissaggiy±di-±patti-±pajjanampi karoti, mah±s±kh±bhañjana½ viya terasasaªgh±dises±patti-±pajjanampi karoti, upp±µetv± uddha½, m³laka½ heµµh±s±kha½ katv± p±tana½ viya p±r±jik±patti-±pajjanampi karoti, sv±kkh±tas±san± n²haritv± katip±heneva gihibh±va½ p±pet²ti eva½ evar³pa½ puggala½ kilesam±ro attano vase vattet²ti attho. Asubh±nupassinti dasasu asubhesu aññatara½ asubha½ passanta½ paµik³lamanasik±re yutta½ kese asubhato passanta½ lome nakhe dante taca½ vaººa½ saºµh±na½ asubhato passanta½. Indriyes³ti chasu indriyesu. Susa½vutanti nimitt±digg±harahita½ pihitadv±ra½. Amattaññut±paµikkhepena bhojanamhi ca mattaññu½. Saddhanti kammassa ceva phalassa ca saddahanalakkhaº±ya lokik±ya saddh±ya ceva t²su vatth³su aveccappas±dasaªkh±t±ya lokuttarasaddh±ya ca samann±gata½. ¾raddhav²riyanti paggahitav²riya½ paripuººav²riya½. Ta½ veti evar³pa½ ta½ puggala½ yath± dubbalav±to saºika½ paharanto ekagghana½ sela½ c±letu½ na sakkoti, tath± abbhantare uppajjam±nopi dubbalakilesam±ro nappasahati, khobhetu½ v± c±letu½ v± na sakkot²ti attho. T±pi kho tassa pur±ºadutiyik±yo thera½ pariv±retv± “tva½ ka½ ±pucchitv± pabbajito, id±ni gih² bhavissasi na bhavissas²”ti-±d²ni vatv± k±s±va½ n²harituk±m± ahesu½. Thero t±sa½ ±k±ra½ sallakkhetv± nisinn±san± vuµµh±ya iddhiy± uppattitv± k³µ±g±rakaººika½ dvidh± bhinditv± ±k±sen±gantv± satthari g±th± pariyos±penteyeva satthu suvaººavaººa½ sar²ra½ abhitthavanto ±k±sato otaritv± tath±gatassa p±de vandi. G±th±pariyos±ne sampattabhikkh³ sot±pattiphal±d²su patiµµhahi½s³ti.
Mah±k±¼attheravatthu chaµµha½.