5. Kosambakavatthu

Pare ca na vij±nant²ti ima½ dhammadesana½ satth± jetavane viharanto kosambake bhikkh³ ±rabbha kathesi.

Kosambiyañhi ghosit±r±me pañcasatapañcasatapariv±r± dve bhikkh³ vihari½su vinayadharo ca dhammakathiko ca. Tesu dhammakathiko ekadivasa½ sar²ravalañja½ katv± udakakoµµhake ±camana-udak±vasesa½ bh±jane µhapetv±va nikkhami. Pacch± vinayadharo tattha paviµµho ta½ udaka½ disv± nikkhamitv± itara½ pucchi, “±vuso, tay± udaka½ µhapitan”ti? “¾ma, ±vuso”ti. “Ki½ panettha ±pattibh±va½ na j±n±s²”ti? “¾ma, na j±n±m²”ti. “Hoti, ±vuso, ettha ±patt²”ti. “Tena hi paµikariss±mi nan”ti. “Sace pana te, ±vuso, asañcicca assatiy± kata½, natthi ±patt²”ti. So tass± ±pattiy± an±pattidiµµhi ahosi. Vinayadharopi attano nissitak±na½ “aya½ dhammakathiko ±patti½ ±pajjam±nopi na j±n±t²”ti ±rocesi. Te tassa nissitake disv± “tumh±ka½ upajjh±yo ±patti½ ±pajjitv±pi ±pattibh±va½ na j±n±t²”ti ±ha½su. Te gantv± attano upajjh±yassa ±rocesu½. So evam±ha– “aya½ vinayadharo pubbe an±patt²ti vatv± id±ni ±patt²ti vadati, mus±v±d² eso”ti. Te gantv± “tumh±ka½ upajjh±yo mus±v±d²”ti ±ha½su. Te eva½ aññamañña½ kalaha½ va¹¹hayi½su. Kato vinayadharo ok±sa½ labhitv± dhammakathikassa ±pattiy± adassane ukkhepan²yakammamak±si. Tato paµµh±ya tesa½ paccayad±yak± upaµµh±k±pi dve koµµh±s± ahesu½, ov±dapaµigg±hak± bhikkhuniyopi ±rakkhadevat±pi t±sa½ sandiµµhasambhatt± ±k±saµµhadevat±p²ti y±va brahmalok± sabbepi puthujjan± dve pakkh± ahesu½. C±tumah±r±jika½ ±di½ katv± y±va akaniµµhabh±van± pana ekaninn±da½ kol±hala½ agam±si.

Atheko aññataro bhikkhu tath±gatamupasaªkamitv± ukkhepak±na½ vinayadhara-antev±sik±na½ “dhammikenev±ya½ vinayakammena ukkhitto”ti laddhiñca, ukkhitt±nuvattak±na½ dhammakathika-antev±sik±na½ pana “adhammikeneva kammena ukkhitto”ti laddhiñca, ukkhepakehi v±riyam±n±nampi ca tesa½ ta½ anupariv±retv± vicaraºabh±vañca ±rocesi bhagav± “samagg± kira hont³”ti dve v±re pesetv± “na icchanti, bhante, samagg± bhavitun”ti sutv± tatiyav±re “bhinno bhikkhusaªgho, bhinno bhikkhusaªgho”ti tesa½ santika½ gantv± ukkhepak±na½ ukkhepane, itaresañca ±pattiy± adassane ±d²nava½ kathetv± puna tesa½ tattheva ekas²m±ya½ uposath±d²ni anuj±nitv± bhattagg±d²su bhaº¹anaj±t±na½ “±sanantarik±ya nis²ditabban”ti (mah±va. 456) bhattagge vatta½ paññ±petv± “id±nipi bhaº¹anaj±t±va viharant²”ti sutv± tattha gantv± “ala½, bhikkhave, m± bhaº¹anan”ti-±d²ni vatv±, “bhikkhave, bhaº¹anakalahaviggahaviv±d± n±mete anatthak±rak±. Kalaha½ niss±ya hi laµukik±pi sakuºik± hatthin±ga½ j²vitakkhaya½ p±pes²”ti laµukikaj±taka½ (j±. 1.5.39 ±dayo) kathetv±, “bhikkhave, samagg± hotha, m± vivadatha. Viv±da½ niss±ya hi anekasatasahass± vaµµak±pi j²vitakkhaya½ patt±”ti vaµµakaj±taka½ (j±. 1.1.118) kathesi. Evampi tesu bhagavato vacana½ an±diyantesu aññatarena dhammav±din± tath±gatassa vihesa½ anicchantena “±gametu, bhante bhagav±, dhammas±mi, appossukko, bhante bhagav±, diµµhadhammasukhavih±ramanuyutto viharatu, mayameva tena bhaº¹anena kalahena viggahena viv±dena paññ±yiss±m±”ti (mah±va. 457; ma. ni. 3.236) vutte at²ta½ ±hari–

Bh³tapubba½, bhikkhave, b±r±ºasiya½ brahmadatto n±ma k±sir±j± ahosi. Brahmadattena d²gh²tissa kosalarañño rajja½ acchinditv± aññ±takavesena vasantassa pituno m±ritabh±vañceva d²gh±vukum±rena attano j²vite dinne tato paµµh±ya tesa½ samaggabh±vañca kathetv± “tesañhi n±ma, bhikkhave, r±j³na½ ±dinnadaº¹±na½ ±dinnasatth±na½ evar³pa½ khantisoracca½ bhavissati. Idha kho ta½, bhikkhave, sobhetha, ya½ tumhe eva½ sv±kh±te dhammavinaye pabbajit± sam±n± kham± ca bhaveyy±tha sorat± c±”ti ovaditv±pi neva te samagge k±tu½ asakkhi. So t±ya ±kiººavih±rat±ya ukkaºµhito “aha½ kho id±ni ±kiººo dukkha½ vihar±mi, ime ca bhikkh³ mama vacana½ na karonti. Ya½n³n±ha½ ekakova gaºamh± v³pakaµµho vihareyyan”ti cintetv± kosambiya½ piº¹±ya caritv± anapaloketv± bhikkhusaªgha½ ekakova attano pattac²varam±d±ya b±lakaloºakag±ma½ gantv± tattha bhaguttherassa ekac±rikavatta½ kathetv± p±cinava½samigad±ye tiººa½ kulaputt±na½ s±maggiy±nisa½sa½ kathetv± yena p±lileyyaka½ atthi, tadavasari. Tatra suda½ bhagav± p±lileyyaka½ upaniss±ya rakkhitavanasaº¹e bhaddas±lam³le p±lileyyakena hatthin± upaµµhiyam±no ph±suka½ vass±v±sa½ vasi.

Kosambiv±sinopi kho up±sak± vih±ra½ gantv± satth±ra½ apassant± “kuhi½, bhante, satth±”ti pucchitv± “p±lileyyakavanasaº¹a½ gato”ti. “Ki½ k±raº±”ti? “Amhe samagge k±tu½ v±yami, maya½ pana na samagg± ahumh±”ti. “Ki½, bhante, tumhe satthu santike pabbajitv± tasmi½ s±maggi½ karonte samagg± n±huvatth±”ti? “Evam±vuso”ti. “Manuss± ime satthu santike pabbajitv± tasmi½ s±maggi½ karontepi samagg± na j±t±, maya½ ime niss±ya satth±ra½ daµµhu½ na labhimh±, imesa½ neva ±sana½ dass±ma, na abhiv±dan±d²ni kariss±m±”ti tato paµµh±ya tesa½ s±m²cimattampi na kari½su. Te app±h±rat±ya sussam±n± katip±heneva ujuk± hutv± aññamañña½ accaya½ desetv± kham±petv± “up±sak± maya½ samagg± j±t±, tumhepi no purimasadis± hoth±”ti ±ha½su. “Kham±pito pana vo, bhante, satth±”ti. “Na kham±pito, ±vuso”ti. “Tena hi satth±ra½ kham±petha, satthu kham±pitak±le mayampi tumh±ka½ purimasadis± bhaviss±m±”ti. Te antovassabh±vena satthu santika½ gantu½ avisahant± dukkhena ta½ antovassa½ v²tin±mesu½. Satth± pana tena hatthin± upaµµhiyam±no sukha½ vasi. Sopi hi hatthin±go gaºa½ pah±ya ph±suvih±ratth±yeva ta½ vanasaº¹a½ p±visi.

Yath±ha– “aha½ kho ±kiººo vihar±mi hatth²hi hatth²n²hi hatthikalabhehi hatthicch±pehi, chinnagg±ni ceva tiº±ni kh±d±mi, obhaggobhaggañca me s±kh±bhaªga½ kh±danti, ±vil±ni ca p±n²y±ni piv±mi, og±h± cassa me uttiººassa hatthiniyo k±ya½ upanigha½santiyo gacchanti, ya½n³n±ha½ ekova gaºamh± v³pakaµµho vihareyyan”ti (mah±va. 467; ud±. 35). Atha kho so hatthin±go y³th± apakkamma yena p±lileyyaka½ rakkhitavanasaº¹a½ bhaddas±lam³la½, yena bhagav± tenupasaªkami, upasaªkamitv± pana bhagavanta½ vanditv± olokento añña½ kiñci adisv± bhaddas±lam³la½ p±deneva paharanto tacchetv± soº¹±ya s±kha½ gahetv± sammajji. Tato paµµh±ya soº¹±ya ghaµa½ gahetv± p±n²ya½ paribhojan²ya½ upaµµh±peti, uºhodakena atthe sati uºhodaka½ paµiy±deti. Katha½? Hatthena kaµµh±ni gha½sitv± aggi½ samp±deti, tattha d±r³ni pakkhipanto aggi½ j±letv± tattha p±s±ºe pakkhipitv± pacitv± d±rudaº¹akena pavaµµetv± paricchinn±ya khuddakasoº¹ik±ya khipati, tato hattha½ ot±retv± udakassa tattabh±va½ j±nitv± gantv± satth±ra½ vandati. Satth± “udaka½ te t±pita½ p±lileyyak±”ti vatv± tattha gantv± nh±yati Athassa n±n±vidh±ni phal±ni ±haritv± deti. Yad± pana satth± g±ma½ piº¹±ya pavisati, tad± satthu pattac²varam±d±ya kumbhe patiµµhapetv± satth±r± saddhi½yeva gacchati. Satth± g±m³pac±ra½ patv± “p±lileyyaka ito paµµh±ya tay± gantu½ na sakk±, ±h±ra me pattac²varan”ti ±har±petv± g±ma½ piº¹±ya p±visi. Sopi y±va satthu nikkhaman± tattheva µhatv± ±gamanak±le paccuggamana½ katv± purimanayeneva pattac²vara½ gahetv± vasanaµµh±ne ot±retv± vatta½ dassetv± s±kh±ya b²jati, ratti½ v±¼amigaparipanthaniv±raºattha½ mahanta½ daº¹a½ soº¹±ya gahetv± “satth±ra½ rakkhiss±m²”ti y±va aruºuggaman± vanasaº¹assa antarantarena vicarati, tato paµµh±yayeva kira so vanasaº¹o p±lileyyakarakkhitavanasaº¹o n±ma j±to. Aruºe uggate mukhodakad±na½ ±di½ katv± tenev³p±yena sabbavatt±ni karoti.

Atheko makkaµo ta½ hatthi½ uµµh±ya samuµµh±ya divase divase tath±gatassa ±bhisam±c±rika½ karonta½ disv± “ahampi kiñcideva kariss±m²”ti vicaranto ekadivasa½ nimmakkhika½ daº¹akamadhu½ disv± daº¹aka½ bhañjitv± daº¹akeneva saddhi½ madhupaµala½ satthu santika½ ±haritv± kadalipatta½ chinditv± tattha µhapetv± ad±si Satth± gaºhi. Makkaµo “karissati nu kho paribhoga½ na karissat²”ti olokento gahetv± nisinna½ disv± “ki½ nu kho”ti cintetv± daº¹akoµiya½ gahetv± parivattetv± upadh±rento aº¹ak±ni disv± t±ni saºika½ apanetv± puna ad±si. Satth± paribhogamak±si. So tuµµham±naso ta½ ta½ s±kha½ gahetv± naccantova aµµh±si. Athassa gahitas±kh±pi akkantas±kh±pi bhijji½su. So ekasmi½ kh±ºumatthake patitv± niviµµhagatto satthari pasanneneva cittena k±la½ katv± t±vati½sabhavane ti½sayojanike kanakavim±ne nibbatti, acchar±sahassapariv±ro makkaµadevaputto n±ma ahosi.

Tath±gatassa tattha hatthin±gena upaµµhiyam±nassa vasanabh±vo sakalajambud²pe p±kaµo ahosi. S±vatthinagarato “an±thapiº¹iko vis±kh± ca mah±-up±sik±”ti-evam±d²ni mah±kul±ni ±nandattherassa s±sana½ pahiºi½su “satth±ra½ no, bhante, dasseth±”ti. Dis±v±sinopi pañcasat± bhikkh³ vuµµhavass± ±nandatthera½ upasaªkamitv± “cirassut± no, ±vuso ±nanda, bhagavato sammukh± dhamm² kath±, s±dhu maya½, ±vuso ±nanda, labheyy±ma bhagavato sammukh± dhammi½ katha½ savan±y±”ti y±ci½su. Thero te bhikkh³ ±d±ya tattha gantv± “tem±sa½ ekavih±rino tath±gatassa santika½ ettakehi bhikkh³hi saddhi½ upasaªkamitu½ ayuttan”ti cintetv± te bhikkh³ bahi µhapetv± ekakova satth±ra½ upasaªkami. P±lileyyako ta½ disv± daº¹am±d±ya pakkhandi. Satth± oloketv± apehi “apehi p±lileyyaka, m± niv±rayi, buddhupaµµh±ko eso”ti ±ha. So tattheva daº¹a½ cha¹¹etv± pattac²varapaµiggahaºa½ ±pucchi. Thero n±d±si. N±go “sace uggahitavatto bhavissati, satthu nis²danap±s±ºaphalake attano parikkh±ra½ na µhapessat²”ti cintesi. Thero pattac²vara½ bh³miya½ µhapesi. Vattasampann± hi gar³na½ ±sane v± sayane v± attano parikkh±ra½ na µhapenti.

Thero satth±ra½ upasaªkamitv± vanditv± ekamanta½ nis²di. Satth± “±nanda, ekova ±gatos²”ti pucchitv± pañcasatehi bhikkh³hi saddhi½ ±gatabh±va½ sutv± “kaha½ panete”ti vatv± “tumh±ka½ citta½ aj±nanto bahi µhapetv± ±gatomh²”ti vutte “pakkos±hi ne”ti ±ha. Thero tath± ak±si. Te bhikkh³ ±gantv± satth±ra½ vanditv± ekamanta½ nis²di½su. Satth± tehi saddhi½ paµisanth±ra½ katv± tehi bhikkh³hi, “bhante bhagav±, hi buddhasukhum±lo ceva khattiyasukhum±lo ca, tumhehi tem±sa½ ekakehi tiµµhantehi nis²dantehi ca dukkara½ kata½, vattapaµivattak±rakopi mukhodak±did±yakopi n±hosi maññe”ti vutte, “bhikkhave, p±lileyyakahatthin± mama sabbakicc±ni kat±ni. Evar³pañhi sah±ya½ labhantena ekatova vasitu½ yutta½, alabhantassa ekac±rikabh±vova seyyo”ti vatv± im± n±gavagge tisso g±th± abh±si–

“Sace labhetha nipaka½ sah±ya½,
saddhi½cara½ s±dhuvih±ri dh²ra½;
abhibhuyya sabb±ni parissay±ni,
careyya tenattamano sat²m±.
“No ce labhetha nipaka½ sah±ya½,
saddhi½cara½ s±dhuvih±ri dh²ra½;
r±j±va raµµha½ vijita½ pah±ya,
eko care m±taªgaraññeva n±go.
“Ekassa carita½ seyyo,
natthi b±le sah±yat±;
eko care na ca p±p±ni kayir±,
appossukko m±taªgaraññeva n±go”ti. (Mah±va. 464; ma. ni. 3.237; dha. pa. 328-330; su. ni. 45-46).

G±th±pariyos±ne pañcasat±pi te bhikkh³ arahatte patiµµhahi½su. ¾nandattheropi an±thapiº¹ik±d²hi pesitas±sana½ ±rocetv±, “bhante, an±thapiº¹ikappamukh± te pañca ariyas±vakakoµiyo tumh±ka½ ±gamana½ pacc±s²sant²”ti ±ha. Satth± “tena hi gaºh±hi pattac²varan”ti pattac²vara½ g±h±petv± nikkhami. N±go gantv± gatamagge tiriya½ aµµh±si. “Ki½ karoti, bhante, n±go”ti? “Tumh±ka½, bhikkhave, bhikkha½ d±tu½ pacc±s²sati, d²gharatta½ kho pan±ya½ mayha½ upak±rako, n±ssa citta½ kopetu½ vaµµati, nivattatha, bhikkhave”ti satth± bhikkh³ gahetv± nivatti. Hatth²pi vanasaº¹a½ pavisitv± panasakadaliphal±d²ni n±n±phal±ni sa½haritv± r±si½ katv± punadivase bhikkh³na½ ad±si. Pañcasat± bhikkh³ sabb±ni khepetu½ n±sakkhi½su. Bhattakiccapariyos±ne satth± pattac²vara½ g±hetv± nikkhami. N±go bhikkh³na½ antarantarena gantv± satthu purato tiriya½ aµµh±si. “Ki½ karoti, bhante, n±go”ti? “Ayañhi bhikkhave, tumhe pesetv± ma½ nivattetuk±mo”ti. Atha na½ satth± “p±lileyyaka, ida½ pana mama anivattagamana½, tava imin± attabh±vena jh±na½ v± vipassana½ v± maggaphala½ v± natthi, tiµµha tvan”ti ±ha. Ta½ sutv± n±go mukhe soº¹a½ pakkhipitv± rodanto pacchato pacchato agam±si. So hi satth±ra½ nivattetu½ labhanto teneva niy±mena y±vaj²va½ paµijaggeyya, satth± pana ta½ g±m³pac±ra½ patv± “p±lileyyaka ito paµµh±ya tava abh³mi, manuss±v±so saparipantho, tiµµha tvan”ti ±ha. So rodam±no tattheva µhatv± satthari cakkhupatha½ vijahante hadayena phalitena k±la½ katv± satthari pas±dena t±vati½sabhavane ti½sayojanike kanakavim±ne acchar±sahassamajjhe nibbatti, p±lileyyakadevaputtoyevassa n±ma½ ahosi.

Satth±pi anupubbena jetavana½ agam±si. Kosambak± bhikkh³ “satth± kira s±vatthi½ ±gato”ti sutv± satth±ra½ kham±petu½ tattha agama½su. Kosalar±j± “te kira kosambak± bhaº¹anak±rak± bhikkh³ ±gacchant²”ti sutv± satth±ra½ upasaªkamitv± “aha½, bhante, tesa½ mama vijita½ pavisitu½ na dass±m²”ti ±ha. “Mah±r±ja, s²lavant± ete bhikkh³, kevala½ aññamañña½ viv±dena mama vacana½ na gaºhi½su, id±ni ma½ kham±petu½ ±gacchanti, ±gacchantu mah±r±j±”ti. An±thapiº¹ikopi “aha½, bhante, tesa½ vih±ra½ pavisitu½ na dass±m²”ti vatv± tatheva bhagavat± paµikkhitto tuºh² ahosi. S±vatthiya½ anuppatt±na½ pana tesa½ bhagav± ekamante vivitta½ k±r±petv± sen±sana½ d±pesi. Aññe bhikkh³ tehi saddhi½ neva ekato nis²danti, na tiµµhanti, ±gat±gat± satth±ra½ pucchanti– “katamete, bhante, bhaº¹anak±rak± kosambak± bhikkh³”ti? Satth± “ete”ti dasseti. “Ete kira te, ete kira te”ti ±gat±gatehi aªgulik± dassiyam±n± lajj±ya s²sa½ ukkhipitu½ asakkont± bhagavato p±dam³le nipajjitv± bhagavanta½ kham±pesu½. Satth± “bh±riya½ vo, bhikkhave, kata½, tumhe hi n±ma m±disassa buddhassa santike pabbajitv± mayi s±maggi½ karonte mama vacana½ na karittha, por±ºakapaº¹it±pi vajjhappatt±na½ m±t±pit³na½ ov±da½ sutv± tesu j²vit± voropiyam±nesupi ta½ anatikkamitv± pacch± dv²su raµµhesu rajja½ k±rayi½s³”ti vatv± punadeva kosambikaj±taka½ (j±. 1.9.10 ±dayo) kathetv± “eva½, bhikkhave, d²gh±vukum±ro m±t±pit³su j²vit± voropiyam±nesupi tesa½ ov±da½ anatikkamitv± pacch± brahmadattassa dh²tara½ labhitv± dv²su k±sikosalaraµµhesu rajja½ k±resi, tumhehi pana mama vacana½ akarontehi bh±riya½ katan”ti vatv± ima½ g±tham±ha–

6. “Pare ca na vij±nanti, mayamettha yam±mase;

ye ca tattha vij±nanti, tato sammanti medhag±”ti.

Tattha pareti paº¹ite µhapetv± tato aññe bhaº¹anak±rak± pare n±ma. Te tattha saªghamajjhe kol±hala½ karont± “maya½ yam±mase uparam±ma vinass±ma satata½ samita½ maccusantika½ gacch±m±”ti na vij±nanti. Ye ca tattha vij±nant²ti ye tattha paº¹it± “maya½ maccusantika½ gacch±m±”ti vij±nanti. Tato sammanti medhag±ti evañhi te j±nant± yonisomanasik±ra½ upp±detv± medhag±na½ kalah±na½ v³pasam±ya paµipajjanti. Atha nesa½ t±ya paµipattiy± te medhag± sammant²ti. Atha v± pare c±ti pubbe may± “m±, bhikkhave, bhaº¹anan”ti-±d²ni vatv± ovadiyam±n±pi mama ov±dassa apaµiggahaºena atikkamanena am±mak± pare n±ma. “Maya½ chand±divasena micch±g±ha½ gahetv± ettha saªghamajjhe yam±mase bhaº¹an±d²na½ vuddhiy± v±yam±m±”ti na vij±nanti. Id±ni pana yoniso paccavekkham±n± tattha tumh±ka½ antare ye ca paº¹itapuris± “pubbe maya½ chand±divasena v±yamant± ayoniso paµipann±”ti vij±nanti, tato tesa½ santik± te paº¹itapurise niss±ya ime d±ni kalahasaªkh±t± medhag± sammant²ti ayamettha atthoti.

G±th±pariyos±ne sampattabhikkh³ sot±pattiphal±d²su patiµµhahi½s³ti.

Kosambakavatthu pañcama½.