7. Sambahulabhikkhuvatthu

Mett±vih±r²ti ima½ dhammadesana½ satth± jetavane viharanto sambahule bhikkh³ ±rabbha kathesi.

Ekasmiñhi samaye ±yasmante mah±kacc±ne avantijanapade kuraraghara½ niss±ya pavattapabbate viharante soºo n±ma koµikaººo up±sako therassa dhammakath±ya pas²ditv± therassa santike pabbajituk±mo therena “dukkara½ kho, soºa, y±vaj²va½ ekabhatta½ ekaseyya½ brahmacariyan”ti vatv± dve v±re paµikkhittopi pabbajj±ya ativiya uss±haj±to tatiyav±re thera½ y±citv± pabbajitv± appabhikkhukatt± dakkhiº±pathe tiººa½ vass±na½ accayena laddh³pasampado satth±ra½ sammukh± daµµhuk±mo hutv± upajjh±ya½ ±pucchitv± tena dinna½ s±sana½ gahetv± anupubbena jetavana½ gantv± satth±ra½ vanditv± katapaµisanth±ro satth±r± ekagandhakuµiya½yeva anuññ±tasen±sano bahudeva ratti½ ajjhok±se v²thin±metv± rattibh±ge gandhakuµi½ pavisitv± attano pattasen±sane ta½ rattibh±ga½ v²tin±metv± pacc³sasamaye satth±r± ajjhiµµho so¼asa aµµhakavaggik±ni (su. ni. 772 ±dayo) sabb±neva sarabhaññena abhaºi. Athassa bhagav± sarabhaññapariyos±ne abbh±numodento– “s±dhu s±dhu, bhikkh³”ti s±dhuk±ra½ ad±si. Satth±r± dinnas±dhuk±ra½ sutv± bh³maµµhakadev± n±g± supaºº±ti eva½ y±va brahmalok± ekas±dhuk±rameva ahosi.

Tasmi½ khaºe jetavanato v²sayojanasatamatthake kuraragharanagare therassa m±tu mah±-up±sik±ya gehe adhivatth± devat±pi mahantena saddena s±dhuk±ramad±si. Atha na½ up±sik± ±ha– “ko esa s±dhuk±ra½ det²”ti? Aha½, bhagin²ti. Kosi tvanti? Tava gehe adhivatth±, devat±ti. Tva½ ito pubbe mayha½ s±dhuk±ra½ adatv± ajja kasm± des²ti? N±ha½ tuyha½ s±dhuk±ra½ damm²ti. Atha kassa te s±dhuk±ro dinnoti? Tava puttassa koµikaººassa soºattherass±ti. Ki½ me puttena katanti? Putto te ajja satth±r± saddhi½ ekagandhakuµiya½ vasitv± dhamma½ desesi, satth± tava puttassa dhamma½ sutv± pasanno s±dhuk±ramad±si. Tenassa may±pi s±dhuk±ro dinno. Samm±sambuddhassa hi s±dhuk±ra½ sampaµicchitv± bh³maµµhakadeve ±di½ katv± y±va brahmalok± ekas±dhuk±rameva j±tanti. Ki½ pana, s±mi, mama puttena satthu dhammo kathito, satth±r± mama puttassa kathitoti? Tava puttena satthu kathitoti. Eva½ devat±ya kathentiy±va up±sik±ya pañcavaºº± p²ti uppajjitv± sakalasar²ra½ phari.

Athass± etadahosi– “sace me putto satth±r± saddhi½ ekagandhakuµiya½ vasitv± satthu dhamma½ kathetu½ sakkhi mayhampi kathetu½ sakkhissatiyeva Puttassa ±gatak±le dhammassavana½ k±retv± dhammakatha½ suºiss±m²”ti. Soºattheropi kho satth±r± s±dhuk±re dinne “aya½ me upajjh±yena dinnas±sana½ ±rocetu½ k±lo”ti bhagavanta½ paccantimesu janapadesu vinayadharapañcamena gaºena upasampada½ ±di½ katv± (mah±va. 259) pañca vare y±citv± katip±ha½ satthu santikeyeva vasitv± “upajjh±ya½ passiss±m²”ti satth±ra½ ±pucchitv± jetavan± nikkhamitv± anupubbena upajjh±yassa santika½ agam±si.

Thero punadivase ta½ ±d±ya piº¹±ya caranto m±tu up±sik±ya gehadv±ra½ agam±si. S±pi putta½ disv± tuµµham±nas± vanditv± sakkacca½ parivisitv± pucchi– “sacca½ kira tva½, t±ta, satth±r± saddhi½ ekagandhakuµiya½ vasitv± satthu dhammakatha½ kathes²”ti. “Up±sike, tuyha½ kena ida½ kathitan”ti? “T±ta, imasmi½ gehe adhivatth± devat± mahantena saddena s±dhuk±ra½ datv± may± ‘ko eso’ti vutte ‘ahan’ti vatv± evañca evañca kathesi. Ta½ sutv± mayha½ etadahosi– ‘sace me putto satthu dhammakatha½ kathesi, mayhampi kathetu½ sakkhissat²’ti. Atha na½ ±ha– ‘t±ta, yato tay± satthu sammukh± dhammo kathito, mayhampi kathetu½ sakkhissasi eva. Asukadivase n±ma dhammassavana½ k±retv± tava dhamma½ suºiss±mi, t±t±”’ti. So adhiv±sesi. Up±sik± bhikkhusaªghassa d±na½ datv± p³ja½ katv± “puttassa me dhammakatha½ suºiss±m²”ti ekameva d±si½ geharakkhika½ µhapetv± sabba½ parijana½ ±d±ya antonagare dhammassavanatth±ya k±rite maº¹ape alaªkatadhamm±sana½ abhiruyha dhamma½ desentassa puttassa dhammakatha½ sotu½ agam±si.

Tasmi½ pana k±le navasat± cor± tass± up±sik±ya gehe ot±ra½ olokent± vicaranti. Tass± pana geha½ sattahi p±k±rehi parikkhitta½ sattadv±rakoµµhakayutta½, tattha tesu tesu µh±nesu caº¹asunakhe bandhitv± µhapayi½su. Antogehe chadanassa udakap±taµµh±ne pana parikha½ khaºitv± tipun± p³rayi½su. Ta½ div± ±tapena vil²na½ pakkuthita½ viya tiµµhati, ratti½ kaµhina½ kakkha¼a½ hutv± tiµµhati. Tass±nantar± mahant±ni ayasaªgh±µak±ni nirantara½ bh³miya½ odahi½su. Iti imañc±rakkha½ up±sik±ya ca antogehe µhitabh±va½ paµicca te cor± ok±sa½ alabhant± ta½ divasa½ tass± gatabh±va½ ñatv± umaªga½ bhinditv± tipuparikh±ya ca ayasaªgh±µak±nañca heµµh±bh±geneva geha½ pavisitv± corajeµµhaka½ tass± santika½ pahiºi½su “sace s± amh±ka½ idha paviµµhabh±va½ sutv± nivattitv± geh±bhimukh² ±gacchati, asin± na½ paharitv± m±reth±”ti. So gantv± tass± santike aµµh±si.

Cor±pi antogehe d²pa½ j±letv± kah±paºagabbhadv±ra½ vivari½su. S± d±s² core disv± up±sik±ya santika½ gantv±, “ayye, bah³ cor± geha½ pavisitv± kah±paºagabbhadv±ra½ vivari½s³”ti ±rocesi. “Cor± attan± diµµhakah±paºe harantu, aha½ mama puttassa dhammakatha½ suº±mi, m± me dhammassa antar±ya½ kari, geha½ gacch±”ti ta½ pahiºi. Cor±pi kah±paºagabbha½ tuccha½ katv± rajatagabbha½ vivari½su. S± punapi gantv± tamattha½ ±rocesi. Up±sik±pi “cor± attan± icchita½ harantu, m± me antar±ya½ kar²”ti puna ta½ pahiºi. Cor± rajatagabbhampi tuccha½ katv± suvaººagabbha½ vivari½su. S± punapi gantv± up±sik±ya tamattha½ ±rocesi. Atha na½ up±sik± ±mantetv±, “bhoti je tva½ anekav±ra½ mama santika½ ±gat±, ‘cor± yath±rucita½ harantu, aha½ mama puttassa dhammakatha½ suº±mi, m± me antar±ya½ kar²’ti may± vutt±pi mama katha½ an±diyitv± punappuna½ ±gacchasiyeva. Sace id±ni tva½ ±gacchissasi, j±niss±mi te kattabba½, gehameva gacch±”ti pahiºi.

Corajeµµhako tass± katha½ sutv± “evar³p±ya itthiy± santaka½ harant±na½ asani patitv± matthaka½ bhindeyy±”ti cor±na½ santika½ gantv± “s²gha½ up±sik±ya santaka½ paµip±katika½ karoth±”ti ±ha. Te kah±paºehi kah±paºagabbha½, rajatasuvaººehi rajatasuvaººagabbhe puna p³rayi½su. Dhammat± kires±, ya½ dhammo dhammac±rina½ rakkhati. Tenev±ha–

“Dhammo have rakkhati dhammac±ri½,
dhammo suciººo sukham±vah±ti;
es±nisa½so dhamme suciººe,
na duggati½ gacchati dhammac±r²”ti. (Therag±. 303; j±. 1.10.102).

Cor±pi gantv± dhammassavanaµµh±ne aµµha½su. Theropi dhamma½ kathetv± vibh±t±ya rattiy± ±san± otari. Tasmi½ khaºe corajeµµhako up±sik±ya p±dam³le nipajjitv± “kham±hi me, ayye”ti ±ha. “Ki½ ida½, t±t±”ti? “Ahañhi tumhesu ±gh±ta½ katv± tumhe m±retuk±mo aµµh±sin”ti. “Tena hi te, t±ta, kham±m²”ti. Sesacor±pi tatheva vatv±, “t±t±, kham±m²”ti vutte ±ha½su– “ayye, sace no khamatha, puttassa vo santike amh±ka½ pabbajja½ d±peth±”ti. S± putta½ vanditv± ±ha– “t±ta, ime cor± mama guºesu tumh±kañca dhammakath±ya pasann± pabbajja½ y±canti, pabb±jetha ne”ti. Thero “s±dh³”ti vatv± tehi nivatthavatth±na½ das±ni chind±petv± tambamattik±ya raj±petv± te pabb±jetv± s²lesu patiµµh±pesi. Upasampannak±le ca nesa½ ekekassa visu½ visu½ kammaµµh±namad±si. Te navasat± bhikkh³ visu½ visu½ navasatakammaµµh±n±ni gahetv± eka½ pabbata½ abhiruyha tassa tassa rukkhassa ch±y±ya nis²ditv± samaºadhamma½ kari½su.

Satth± v²sayojanasatamatthake jetavanamah±vih±re nisinnova te bhikkh³ oloketv± tesa½ cariyavasena dhammadesana½ vavatth±petv± obh±sa½ pharitv± sammukhe nis²ditv± kathento viya im± g±th± abh±si–

368. “Mett±vih±r² yo bhikkhu, pasanno buddhas±sane;

adhigacche pada½ santa½, saªkh±r³pasama½ sukha½.

369. “Siñca bhikkhu ima½ n±va½, sitt± te lahumessati;

chetv± r±gañca dosañca, tato nibb±namehisi.

370. “Pañca chinde pañca jahe, pañca cuttari bh±vaye;

pañcasaªg±tigo bhikkhu, oghatiººoti vuccati.

371. “Jh±ya bhikkhu m± pam±do,

m± te k±maguºe ramessu citta½;
m± lohagu¼a½ gil² pamatto,
m± kand² dukkhamidanti dayham±no.

372. “Natthi jh±na½ apaññassa, paññ± natthi ajh±yato;

yamhi jh±nañca paññ± ca, sa ve nibb±nasantike.

373. “Suññ±g±ra½ paviµµhassa, santacittassa bhikkhuno;

am±nus² rat² hoti, samm± dhamma½ vipassato.

374. “Yato yato sammasati, khandh±na½ udayabbaya½;

labhat² p²tip±mojja½, amata½ ta½ vij±nata½.

375. “Tatr±yam±di bhavati, idha paññassa bhikkhuno;

indriyagutti santuµµhi, p±timokkhe ca sa½varo.

376. “Mitte bhajassu kaly±ºe, suddh±j²ve atandite;

paµisanth±ravutyassa, ±c±rakusalo siy±;
tato p±mojjabahulo, dukkhassanta½ karissat²”ti.

Tattha mett±vih±r²ti mett±kammaµµh±ne kamma½ karontopi mett±vasena tikacatukkajjh±ne nibbattetv± µhitopi mett±vih±r²yeva n±ma. Pasannoti yo pana buddhas±sane pasanno hoti, pas±da½ rocetiyev±ti attho. Pada½ santanti nibb±nasseta½ n±ma½. Evar³po hi bhikkhu santa½ koµµh±sa½ sabbasaªkh±r±na½ upasantat±ya saªkh±r³pasama½, paramasukhat±ya sukhanti laddhan±ma½ nibb±na½ adhigacchati, vindatiyev±ti attho.

Siñca bhikkhu ima½ n±vanti bhikkhu ima½ attabh±vasaªkh±ta½ n±va½ micch±vitakkodaka½ cha¹¹ento siñca. Sitt± te lahumessat²ti yath± hi mah±samudde udakasseva bharit± n±v± chidd±ni pidahitv± udakassa sittat±ya sitt± sallahuk± hutv± mah±samudde anos²ditv± s²gha½ supaµµana½ gacchati, eva½ tav±pi aya½ micch±vitakkodakabharit± attabh±van±v± cakkhudv±r±dichidd±ni sa½varena pidahitv± uppannassa micch±vitakkodakassa sittat±ya sitt± sallahuk± sa½s±ravaµµe anos²ditv± s²gha½ nibb±na½ gamissati. Chetv±ti r±gadosabandhan±ni chinda. Et±ni hi chinditv± arahattappatto tato aparabh±ge anup±disesanibb±nameva ehisi, gamissas²ti attho.

Pañca chindeti heµµh±-ap±yasamp±pak±ni pañcorambh±giyasa½yojan±ni p±de baddharajju½ puriso satthena viya heµµh±maggattayena chindeyya. Pañca jaheti uparidevalokasamp±pak±ni pañcuddhambh±giyasa½yojan±ni puriso g²v±ya baddharajjuka½ viya arahattamaggena jaheyya pajaheyya, chindeyy±ti attho. Pañca cuttari bh±vayeti uddhambh±giyasa½yojan±na½ pah±natth±ya saddh±d²ni pañcindriy±ni uttari bh±veyya. Pañcasaªg±tigoti eva½ sante pañcanna½ r±gadosamoham±nadiµµhisaªg±na½ atikkamanena pañcasaªg±tigo bhikkhu oghatiººoti vuccati, catt±ro oghe tiººoyev±ti vuccat²ti attho.

Jh±ya bhikkh³ti bhikkhu tva½ dvinna½ jh±n±na½ vasena jh±ya ceva, k±yakamm±d²su ca appamattavih±rit±ya m± pamajji. Ramess³ti pañcavidhe ca k±maguºe te citta½ m± ramessu. M± lohagu¼anti sativossaggalakkhaºena hi pam±dena pamatt± niraye tatta½ lohagu¼a½ gilanti, tena ta½ vad±mi “m± pamatto hutv± lohagu¼a½ gili, m± niraye ¹ayham±no ‘dukkhamidan’ti kand²”ti attho.

Natthi jh±nanti jh±nupp±dik±ya v±y±mapaññ±ya apaññassa jh±na½ n±ma natthi. Paññ± natth²ti ajh±yantassa “sam±hito bhikkhu yath±bh³ta½ j±n±ti passat²”ti vuttalakkhaº± paññ± natthi. Yamhi jh±nañca paññ± c±ti yamhi puggale ida½ ubhayampi atthi, so nibb±nassa santike µhitoyev±ti attho.

Suññ±g±ra½ paviµµhass±ti kismiñcideva vivittok±se kammaµµh±na½ avijahitv± kammaµµh±namanasik±rena nisinnassa. Santacittass±ti nibbutacittassa. Samm±ti hetun± k±raºena dhamma½ vipassantassa vipassan±saªkh±t± am±nus² rati aµµhasam±pattisaªkh±t± dibb±pi rati hoti uppajjat²ti attho.

Yato yato sammasat²ti aµµhati½s±ya ±rammaºesu kamma½ karonto yena yen±k±rena, purebhatt±d²su v± k±lesu yasmi½ yasmi½ attan± abhirucite k±le, abhirucite v± kammaµµh±ne kamma½ karonto sammasati. Udayabbayanti pañcanna½ khandh±na½ pañcav²satiy± lakkhaºehi udaya½ pañcav²satiy± eva ca lakkhaºehi vaya½. P²tip±mojjanti eva½ khandh±na½ udayabbaya½ sammasanto dhammap²ti½ dhammap±mojjañca labhati. Amatanti ta½ sappaccaye n±mar³pe p±kaµe hutv± upaµµhahante uppanna½ p²tip±mojja½ amatanibb±nasamp±pakatt± vij±nata½ paº¹it±na½ amatamev±ti attho.

Tatr±yam±di bhavat²ti tatra aya½ ±di, ida½ pubbaµµh±na½ hoti. Idha paññass±ti imasmi½ s±sane paº¹itabhikkhuno. Id±ni “ta½ ±d²”ti vutta½ pubbaµµh±na½ dassento indriyagutt²ti-±dim±ha. Catup±risuddhis²lañhi pubbaµµh±na½ n±ma. Tattha indriyagutt²ti indriyasa½varo. Santuµµh²ti catupaccayasantoso. Tena ±j²vap±risuddhi ceva paccayasannissitañca s²la½ kathita½. P±timokkheti p±timokkhasaªkh±te jeµµhakas²le parip³rak±rit± kathit±.

Mitte bhajassu kaly±ºeti vissaµµhakammante apatir³pasah±ye vajjetv± s±dhuj²vit±ya suddh±j²ve jaªghabala½ niss±ya j²vikakappan±ya akus²te atandite kaly±ºamitte bhajassu, sevass³ti attho. Paµisanth±ravutyass±ti ±misapaµisanth±rena ca dhammapaµisanth±rena ca sampannavuttit±ya paµisanth±ravutti assa, paµisanth±rassa k±rak± bhaveyy±ti attho. ¾c±rakusaloti s²lampi ±c±ro, vattapaµivattampi ±c±ro. Tattha kusalo siy±, cheko bhaveyy±ti attho. Tato p±mojjabahuloti tato paµisanth±ravuttito ca ±c±rakosallato ca uppannena dhammap±mojjena p±mojjabahulo hutv± ta½ sakalass±pi vaµµadukkhassa anta½ karissat²ti attho.

Eva½ satth±r± desit±su im±su g±th±su ekamekiss±ya g±th±ya pariyos±ne ekameka½ bhikkhusata½ nisinnanisinnaµµh±neyeva saha paµisambhid±hi arahatta½ patv± veh±sa½ abbhuggantv± sabbepi te bhikkh³ ±k±seneva v²sayojanasatika½ kant±ra½ atikkamitv± tath±gatassa suvaººavaººa½ sar²ra½ vaººent± thoment± p±de vandi½s³ti.

Sambahulabhikkhuvatthu sattama½.