5. J²vakasuttavaººan±
51. Eva½ me sutanti j²vakasutta½. Tattha j²vakassa kom±rabhaccassa ambavaneti ettha j²vat²ti j²vako. Kum±rena bhatoti kom±rabhacco. Yath±ha “ki½ eta½ bhaºe k±kehi samparikiººanti? D±rako dev±ti. J²vati bhaºeti? J²vati dev±ti. Tena hi bhaºe ta½ d±raka½ amh±ka½ antepura½ netv± dh±t²na½ detha posetunti. Tassa j²vat²ti j²vakoti n±ma½ aka½su, kum±rena pos±pitoti kom±rabhaccoti n±ma½ aka½s³”ti (mah±va. 328). Ayamettha saªkhepo. Vitth±rena pana j²vakavatthu khandhake ±gatameva. Vinicchayakath±pissa samantap±s±dik±ya vinayaµµhakath±ya vutt±. Aya½ pana j²vako ekasmi½ samaye bhagavato dos±bhisanna½ k±ya½ virecetv± s²veyyaka½ dussayuga½ datv± vatth±numodanapariyos±ne sot±pattiphale patiµµh±ya cintesi– “may± divasassa dvattikkhattu½ buddhupaµµh±na½ gantabba½, idañca ve¼uvana½ atid³re, mayha½ uyy±na½ ambavana½ ±sannatara½, ya½n³n±hamettha bhagavato vih±ra½ k±reyyan”ti. So tasmi½ ambavane rattiµµh±nadiv±µµh±naleºakuµimaº¹ap±d²ni samp±detv± bhagavato anucchavika½ gandhakuµi½ k±retv± ambavana½ aµµh±rasahatthubbedhena tambapaµµavaººena p±k±rena parikkhip±petv± buddhappamukha½ bhikkhusaªgha½ c²varabhattena santappetv± dakkhiºodaka½ p±tetv± vih±ra½ niyy±tesi. Ta½ sandh±ya vutta½– “j²vakassa kom±rabhaccassa ambavane”ti. ¾rabhant²ti gh±tenti. Uddissakatanti uddisitv± kata½. Paµiccakammanti att±na½ paµicca kata½. Atha v± paµiccakammanti nimittakammasseta½ adhivacana½, ta½ paµicca kammamettha atth²ti ma½sa½ “paµiccakamman”ti vutta½ hoti yo evar³pa½ ma½sa½ paribhuñjati, sopi tassa kammassa d±y±do hoti, vadhakassa viya tass±pi p±ºagh±takamma½ hot²ti tesa½ laddhi. Dhammassa c±nudhamma½ by±karont²ti bhagavat± vuttak±raºassa anuk±raºa½ kathenti. Ettha ca k±raºa½ n±ma tikoµiparisuddhamacchama½saparibhogo, anuk±raºa½ n±ma mah±janassa tath± by±karaºa½. Yasm± pana bhagav± uddissakata½ na paribhuñjati, tasm± neva ta½ k±raºa½ hoti, na titthiy±na½ tath± by±karaºa½ anuk±raºa½. Sahadhammiko v±d±nuv±doti parehi vuttak±raºena sak±raºo hutv± tumh±ka½ v±do v± anuv±do v± viññ³hi garahitabbak±raºa½ koci appamattakopi ki½ na ±gacchati Ida½ vutta½ hoti– “ki½ sabb±k±renapi tumh±ka½ v±de g±rayha½ k±raºa½ natth²”ti. Abbh±cikkhant²ti abhibhavitv± ±cikkhanti. 52. Ýh±neh²ti k±raºehi. Diµµh±d²su diµµha½ n±ma bhikkh³na½ atth±ya migamacche vadhitv± gayham±na½ diµµha½. Suta½ n±ma bhikkh³na½ atth±ya migamacche vadhitv± gahitanti suta½. Parisaªkita½ n±ma diµµhaparisaªkita½ sutaparisaªkita½ tadubhayavimuttaparisaªkitanti tividha½ hoti. Tatr±ya½ sabbasaªg±hakavinicchayo– idha bhikkh³ passanti manusse j±lav±gur±dihatthe g±mato v± nikkhamante araññe v± vicarante. Dutiyadivase ca nesa½ ta½ g±ma½ piº¹±ya paviµµh±na½ samacchama½sa½ piº¹ap±ta½ abhiharanti. Te tena diµµhena parisaªkanti “bhikkh³na½ nu kho atth±ya katan”ti, ida½ diµµhaparisaªkita½ n±ma, eta½ gahetu½ na vaµµati. Ya½ eva½ aparisaªkita½, ta½ vaµµati. Sace pana te manuss± “kasm±, bhante, na gaºhath±”ti pucchitv± tamattha½ sutv± “nayida½, bhante, bhikkh³na½ atth±ya kata½, amhehi attano atth±ya v± r±jayutt±d²na½ atth±ya v± katan”ti vadanti, kappati. Na heva kho bhikkh³ passanti, apica suºanti “manuss± kira j±lav±gur±dihatth± g±mato v± nikkhamanti araññe v± vicarant²”ti. Dutiyadivase ca nesa½ ta½ g±ma½ piº¹±ya paviµµh±na½ samacchama½sa½ piº¹ap±ta½ abhiharanti. Te tena sutena parisaªkanti “bhikkh³na½ nu kho atth±ya katan”ti, ida½ sutaparisaªkita½ n±ma, eta½ gahetu½ na vaµµati. Ya½ eva½ aparisaªkita½, ta½ vaµµati. Sace pana te manuss± “kasm±, bhante, na gaºhath±”ti pucchitv± tamattha½ sutv± “nayida½, bhante, bhikkh³na½ atth±ya kata½, amhehi attano atth±ya v± r±jayutt±d²na½ atth±ya v± katan”ti vadanti, kappati. Na heva kho pana passanti na suºanti, apica tesa½ g±ma½ piº¹±ya paviµµh±na½ patta½ gahetv± samacchama½sa½ piº¹ap±ta½ abhisaªkharitv± abhiharanti. Te parisaªkanti “bhikkh³na½ nu kho atth±ya katan”ti, ida½ tadubhayavimuttaparisaªkita½ n±ma. Etampi gahetu½ na vaµµati. Ya½ eva½ aparisaªkita½, ta½ vaµµati Sace pana te manuss± “kasm±, bhante, na gaºhath±”ti pucchitv± tamattha½ sutv± “nayida½, bhante, bhikkh³na½ atth±ya kata½, amhehi attano atth±ya v± r±jayutt±d²na½ atth±ya v± kata½, pavattama½sa½ v± kata½, kappiyameva labhitv± bhikkh³na½ atth±ya samp±ditan”ti vadanti, kappati. Mat±na½ petakiccatth±ya maªgal±d²na½ v± atth±ya katepi eseva nayo. Ya½ yañhi bhikkh³na½yeva atth±ya akata½, yattha ca nibbematik± honti, ta½ sabba½ kappati. Sace pana ekasmi½ vih±re bhikkh³ uddissa kata½ hoti, te ca attano atth±ya katabh±va½ na j±nanti, aññe j±nanti. Ye j±nanti, tesa½ na vaµµati, itaresa½ vaµµati. Aññe na j±nanti, teyeva j±nanti, tesa½yeva na vaµµati, aññesa½ vaµµati. Tepi “amh±ka½ atth±ya kata½”ti j±nanti aññepi “etesa½ atth±ya katan”ti j±nanti, sabbesampi ta½ na vaµµati. Sabbe na j±nanti, sabbesa½ vaµµati. Pañcasu hi sahadhammikesu yassa kassaci v± atth±ya uddissa kata½ sabbesa½ na kappati. Sace pana koci eka½ bhikkhu½ uddissa p±ºa½ vadhitv± tassa patta½ p³retv± deti, so ce attano atth±ya katabh±va½ j±na½yeva gahetv± aññassa bhikkhuno deti, so tassa saddh±ya paribhuñjati. Kass±patt²ti? Dvinnampi an±patti. Yañhi uddissa kata½, tassa abhuttat±ya an±patti, itarassa aj±nanat±ya. Kappiyama½sassa hi paµiggahaºe ±patti natthi. Uddissakatañca aj±nitv± bhuttassa pacch± ñatv± ±pattidesan±kicca½ n±ma natthi. Akappiyama½sa½ pana aj±nitv± bhuttena pacch± ñatv±pi ±patti desetabb±. Uddissakatañhi ñatv± bhuñjatova ±patti, akappiyama½sa½ aj±nitv± bhuttass±pi ±pattiyeva. Tasm± ±pattibh²rukena r³pa½ sallakkhenten±pi pucchitv±va ma½sa½ paµiggahetabba½, paribhogak±le pucchitv± paribhuñjiss±m²ti v± gahetv± pucchitv±va paribhuñjitabba½. Kasm±? Duviññeyyatt±. Acchama½sañhi s³karama½sasadisa½ hoti, d²pima½s±d²ni ca migama½sasadis±ni, tasm± pucchitv± gahaºameva vaµµat²ti vadanti. Adiµµhanti bhikkh³na½ atth±ya vadhitv± gayham±na½ adiµµha½. Asutanti bhikkh³na½ atth±ya vadhitv± gahitanti asuta½. Aparisaªkitanti diµµhaparisaªkit±divasena aparisaªkita½. Paribhoganti vad±m²ti imehi t²hi k±raºehi parisuddha½ tikoµiparisuddha½ n±ma hoti, tassa paribhogo araññe j±tas³peyyas±kaparibhogasadiso hoti, tath±r³pa½ paribhuñjantassa mett±vih±rissa bhikkhuno doso v± vajja½ v± natthi, tasm± ta½ paribhuñjitabbanti vad±m²ti attho. 53. Id±ni t±disassa paribhoge mett±vih±rinopi anavajjata½ dassetu½ idha, j²vaka, bhikkh³ti-±dim±ha. Tattha kiñc±pi aniyametv± bhikkh³ti vutta½, atha kho att±nameva sandh±ya eta½ vuttanti veditabba½. Bhagavat± hi mah±vacchagottasutte, caªk²sutte, imasmi½ sutteti t²su µh±nesu att±na½yeva sandh±ya desan± kat±. Paº²tena piº¹ap±ten±ti heµµh± anaªgaºasutte yo koci mahaggho piº¹ap±to paº²tapiº¹ap±toti adhippeto, idha pana ma½s³pasecanova adhippeto. Agathitoti taºh±ya agathito. Amucchitoti taºh±mucchan±ya amucchito. Anajjhopannoti na adhi-opanno, sabba½ ±lumpitv± ekappah±reneva gilituk±mo k±ko viya na hot²ti attho. ¾d²navadass±v²ti ekarattiv±sena udarapaµala½ pavisitv± navahi vaºamukhehi nikkhamissat²ti-±din± nayena ±d²nava½ passanto. Nissaraºapañño paribhuñjat²ti idamattham±h±raparibhogoti paññ±ya paricchinditv± paribhuñjati. Attaby±b±dh±ya v± cetet²ti attadukkh±ya v± citeti. Sutametanti suta½ may± eta½ pubbe, eta½ mayha½ savanamattamev±ti dasseti. Sace kho te, j²vaka, ida½ sandh±ya bh±sitanti, j²vaka, mah±brahmun± vikkhambhanappah±nena by±p±d±dayo pah²n±, tena so mett±vih±r² mayha½ samucchedappah±nena, sace te ida½ sandh±ya bh±sita½, eva½ sante tava ida½ vacana½ anuj±n±m²ti attho. So sampaµicchi. 54. Athassa bhagav± sesabrahmavih±ravasen±pi uttari desana½ va¹¹hento “idha, j²vaka, bhikkh³”ti-±dim±ha. Ta½ utt±natthameva. 55. Yo kho j²vak±ti aya½ p±µi-ekko anusandhi. Imasmiñhi µh±ne bhagav± dv±ra½ thaketi, satt±nuddaya½ dasseti. Sace hi kassaci evamassa “eka½ rasapiº¹ap±ta½ datv± kappasatasahassa½ saggasampatti½ paµilabhanti, ya½kiñci katv± para½ m±retv±pi rasapiº¹ap±tova d±tabbo”ti, ta½ paµisedhento “yo kho, j²vaka, tath±gata½ v±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha imin± paµhamena µh±nen±ti imin± ±ºattimatteneva t±va paµhamena k±raºena. Galappavedhaken±ti yottena gale bandhitv± ka¹¹hito galena pavedhentena. ¾rabhiyam±noti m±riyam±no. Akappiyena ±s±det²ti acchama½sa½ s³karama½santi, d²pima½sa½ v± migama½santi kh±d±petv±– “tva½ ki½ samaºo n±ma, akappiyama½sa½ te kh±ditan”ti ghaµµeti. Ye pana dubbhikkh±d²su v± by±dhiniggahaºattha½ v± “acchama½sa½ n±ma s³karama½sasadisa½, d²pima½sa½ migama½sasadisan”ti j±nant± “s³karama½sa½ ida½, migama½sa½ idan”ti vatv± hitajjh±sayena kh±d±penti, na te sandh±yeta½ vutta½. Tesañhi bahupuññameva hoti. Es±ha½, bhante, bhagavanta½ saraºa½ gacch±mi dhammañca bhikkhusaªghañc±ti aya½ ±gataphalo viññ±tas±sano diµµhasacco ariyas±vako. Ima½ pana dhammadesana½ og±hanto pas±da½ upp±detv± dhammakath±ya thuti½ karonto evam±ha. Sesa½ sabbattha utt±namev±ti.
Papañcas³daniy± majjhimanik±yaµµhakath±ya
J²vakasuttavaººan± niµµhit±.