Pubbe kat³pacitassa etarahi vipaccam±nakassa puññadhammassa ciratara½ vipaccitu½ paccayabh³ta½ cakkavattivattasamud±gata½ payogasampattisaªkh±ta½ dhamma½ dassetu½ “dhammen±”ti padassa “p±ºo na hantabboti-±din± pañcas²ladhammen±”ti attham±ha. Ayañhi attho “ye kho pan±nanda puratthim±ya dis±ya paµir±j±no, te r±j±na½ mah±sudassana½ upasaªkamitv± evam±ha½su ‘ehi kho mah±r±ja, sv±gata½ te mah±r±ja, saka½ te mah±r±ja, anus±sa mah±r±j±’ti. R±j± mah±sudassano evam±ha ‘p±ºo na hantabbo, adinna½ na ±d±tabba½, k±mesu micch± na caritabb±, mus± na bhaºitabb±, majja½ na p±tabba½, yath±bhuttañca bhuñjath±’ti. Ye kho pan±nanda puratthim±ya dis±ya paµir±j±no, te rañño mah±sudassanassa anuyant± ahesun”ti-±din± (d². ni. 2.244) ±gata½ rañño ov±dadhamma½ sandh±ya vutto. Evañhi “adaº¹ena asatthen±”ti idampi visesanavacana½ susamatthita½ hoti. Aññ±supi suttanip±taµµhakath±d²su (su. ni. aµµha. 226; khu. p±. aµµha. 6.3; d². ni. aµµha. 2.33; sa½. ni. aµµha. 3.223) ayamevattho vutto.
Mah±pad±naµµhakath±ya½ pana “adaº¹en±ti ye kat±par±dhe satte satampi sahassampi gaºhanti, te dhanadaº¹ena rajja½ k±renti n±ma, ye chejjabhejja½ anus±santi, te satthadaº¹ena. Aya½ pana duvidhampi daº¹a½ pah±ya adaº¹ena ajjh±vasati. Asatthen±ti ye ekatodh±r±din± satthena para½ vihesanti, te satthena rajja½ k±renti n±ma. Aya½ pana satthena khuddakamakkhik±yapi pivanamatta½ lohita½ kassaci anupp±detv± dhammeneva, ‘ehi kho mah±r±j±’ti eva½ paµir±j³hi sampaµicchit±gamano vuttappak±ra½ pathavi½ abhivijinitv± ajjh±vasati abhibhavitv± s±m² hutv± vasat²ti attho”ti (d². ni. aµµha. 2.34) vutta½, tadeta½ “dhammen±”ti padassa “pubbe kat³pacitena etarahi vipaccam±nakena yena kenaci puññadhammen±”ti attha½ sandh±ya vutta½. Teneva hi “dhammena paµir±j³hi sampaµicchit±gamano vuttappak±ra½ pathavi½ abhivijinitv± ajjh±vasat²”ti. ¾cariyenapi (d². ni. µ². 1.258) vutta½ dhammen±ti kat³pacitena attano puññadhammena. Tena hi sañcodit± pathaviya½ sabbar±j±no paccuggantv± “sv±gata½ te mah±r±j±”ti-±d²ni vatv± attano rajja½ rañño cakkavattissa niyy±tenti. Tena vutta½ “so ima½ pathavi½ s±garapariyanta½ adaº¹ena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjh±vasat²”ti, tenapi yath±vuttamevattha½ dasseti, tasm± ubhayath±pi ettha attho yutto ev±ti daµµhabba½. Cakkavattivattap³raº±dipayogasampattimantarena hi pubbe kat³pacitakammeneva evamajjh±vasana½ na sambhavati, tath± pubbe kat³pacitakammamantarena cakkavattivattap³raº±dipayogasampattiy± ev±ti.
Eva½ eka½ nipphatti½ kathetv± dutiya½ nipphatti½ kathetu½ yadeta½ “sace kho pan±”ti-±divacana½ vutta½, tattha anutt±namattha½ dassento “araha½…pe… vivaµµacchadoti etth±”ti-±dim±ha Yasm± r±g±dayo satta p±padhamm± loke uppajjanti, uppajjam±n± ca te sattasant±na½ ch±detv± pariyonandhitv± kusalappavatti½ niv±renti, tasm± te idha chadasaddena vutt±ti dasseti “r±gados±”ti-±din±. Duccaritanti micch±diµµhito aññena manoduccaritena saha t²ºi duccarit±ni, micch±diµµhi pana visesena satt±na½ chadanato, paramas±vajjatt± ca visu½ gahit±. Vuttañca “sabbe te imeheva dv±saµµhiy± vatth³hi antoj±l²kat±, ettha sit±va ummujjam±n± ummujjant²”ti-±di (d². ni. 1.146). Tath± muyhanaµµhena moho, aviditakaraºaµµhena avijj±ti pavatti-±k±rabhedena aññ±ºameva dvidh± vutta½. Tath± hissa dvidh±pi chadanattho kathito “andhatama½ tad± hoti, ya½ moho sahate naran”ti, (mah±ni. 5, 156, 195) “avijj±ya nivuto loko, vevicch± pam±d± nappak±sat²”ti (su. ni. 1039; c³¼ani. p±r±yanavagga.2) ca. Eva½ r±gados±d²nampi chadanattho vattabbo. Mah±pad±naµµhakath±ya½ (d². ni. aµµha. 2.33) pana r±gadosamoham±nadiµµhikilesataºh±vasena satta p±padhamm± gahit±. Tatra rañjanaµµhena r±go, taºh±yanaµµhena taºh±ti pavatti-±k±rabhedena lobho eva dvidh± vutto. Tath± hissa dvidh±pi chadanattho ekantikova. Yath±ha “andhatama½ tad± hoti, ya½ r±go sahate naran”ti, “k±mandh± j±lasañchann±, taºh±chadanach±dit±”ti (ud±. 94) ca, kilesaggahaºena ca vutt±vasiµµh± vicikicch±dayo vutt±.
Sattahi paµicchanneti hetugabbhavacana½, sattahi p±padhammehi paµicchannatt± kilesavasena andhak±re loketi attho. Ta½ chadananti sattap±padhammasaªkh±ta½ chadana½. Vivaµµetv±ti vivaµµa½ katv± vigametv±. Tadeva pariy±yantarena vutta½ “samantato sañj±t±loko hutv±”ti. Kilesachadanavigamo eva hi ±loko, etena vivaµµayitabbo vigametabboti vivaµµo, ch±deti paµicch±det²ti chado, vivaµµo chado anen±ti vivaµµacchad±, vivaµµacchado v±ti attha½ dasseti. Ayañhi vivaµµacchadasaddo da¼hadhammapaccakkhadhammasadd±dayo viya pulliªgavasena ±k±ranto, ok±ranto ca hoti. Tath± hi mah±pad±naµµhakath±ya½ vutta½ “r±gadosamoham±nadiµµhikilesataºh±saªkh±ta½ chadana½ ±varaºa½ vivaµa½ viddha½sita½ vivaµaka½ eten±ti vivaµacchado, ‘vivaµµacchad±’tipi p±µho, ayamevattho”ti, (d². ni. aµµha. 2.33) tass± l²natthappak±saniyampi vutta½ “vivaµµacchad±ti ok±rassa ±k±ra½ katv± niddeso”ti. Saddavid³ pana “±dhanv±ditoti lakkhaºena sam±santagatehi dhanusadd±d²hi kvaci ±paccayo”ti vatv± “kaº¹ivadhanv±, paccakkhadhamm±, vivaµµacchad±”ti payogamud±haranti.
Kasm± padattayameta½ vuttanti anuyoga½ het±laªk±ranayena pariharanto “tatth±”ti-±dim±ha, tatth±ti ca t²su pades³ti attho. P³j±visesa½ paµiggaºhitu½ arahat²ti arahanti atthena p³j±rahat± vutt±. Yasm± samm±sambuddho, tasm± p³j±rahat±ti tass± p³j±rahat±ya hetu vutto. Sav±sanasabbakilesappah±napubbakatt± buddhabh±vassa buddhattahetubh³t± vivaµµacchadat± vutt±. Kamm±divasena tividha½ vaµµañca r±g±divasena sattavidho chado ca vaµµacchad±, vaµµacchadehi vigato, vigat± v± vaµµacchad± yass±ti vivaµµacchado, vivaµµacchad± v±, dvandapubbago pana vi-saddo ubhayattha yojetabboti imamattha½ dassetu½ “vivaµµo ca vicchado c±”ti vutta½. Evampi vadanti “vivaµµo ca so vicchado c±ti vivaµµacchado, uttarapade pubbapadalopoti attha½ dasset²”ti. “Araha½ vaµµ±bh±ven±”ti ida½ kilesehi ±rakatt±, kiles±r²na½ sa½s±racakkass±r±nañca hatatt±, p±pakaraºe ca rah±bh±v±ti attha½ sandh±ya vutta½. Idañhi phalena het±num±nadassana½– yath± ta½ dh³mena aggissa, udakoghena upari vuµµhiy±, etena ca atthena arahabh±vo hetu, vaµµ±bh±vo phalanti aya½ ±cariyamati. “Paccay±d²na½, p³j±visesassa ca arahatt±”ti pana hetun± phal±num±nadassanampi siy± yath± ta½ aggin± dh³massa, upari vuµµhiy± udakoghassa. “Samm±sambuddho chadan±bh±ven±”ti ida½ pana hetun± phal±num±nadassana½ sav±sanasabbakilesacchadan±bh±vapubbakatt± samm±sambuddhabh±vassa. Arahattamaggena hi vicchadat±, sabbaññutaññ±ºena samm±sambuddhabh±vo. “Vivaµµo ca vicchado c±”ti ida½ hetudvaya½. K±mañca ±cariyamatiy± phalena hetu-anum±nadassane vivaµµat± phalameva hoti, hetu-anum±nadassanassa, pana tath±ñ±ºassa ca hetubh±vato hetuyeva n±m±ti veditabba½.
Eva½ padattayavacane het±laªk±ranayena payojana½ dassetv± id±ni catuves±rajjavasenapi dassento “dutiyen±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha dutiyena ves±rajjen±ti “catt±rim±ni bhikkhave tath±gatassa ves±rajj±ni, yehi ves±rajjehi samann±gato tath±gato ±sabha½ µh±na½ paµij±n±ti, paris±su s²han±da½ nadati, brahmacakka½ pavattet²”ti-±din± (a. ni. 4.8; ma. ni. 1.150) bhagavat± vuttakkamena dutiyabh³tena “kh²º±savassa te paµij±nato ‘ime ±sav± aparikkh²º±’ti, tatra vata ma½ samaºo v± br±hmaºo v± devo v± m±ro v± brahm± v± koci v± lokasmi½ saha dhammena paµicodessat²ti nimittameta½ bhikkhave na samanupass±mi, etamaha½ bhikkhave nimitta½ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto ves±rajjappatto vihar±m²”ti parid²pitena ves±rajjena. Purimasiddh²ti purimassa “arahan”ti padassa atthasiddhi arahattasiddhi, dutiyaves±rajjassa tadatthabh±vato tena ves±rajjena tadatthasiddh²ti vutta½ hoti. “Kh²º±savassa te paµij±nato ‘ime ±sav± aparikkh²º±’ ti”±din± vuttameva hi dutiyaves±rajja½ “kilesehi ±rakatt±”ti-±din± vutto “arahan”ti padassa atthoti Tato ca viññ±yati “yath± dutiyena ves±rajjena purimasiddhi, eva½ purimenapi atthena dutiyaves±rajjasiddh²”ti. Evañca katv± imin± nayena catuves±rajjavasena padattayavacane payojanadassana½ upapanna½ hoti. Itarath± hi kiñcipayojan±bh±vato ida½yeva vacana½ idha avattabba½ siy±ti. Esa nayo sesesupi.
Paµhamen±ti vuttanayena paµhamabh³tena “samm±sambuddhassa te paµij±nato ‘ime dhamm± anabhisambuddh±’ti, tatra…pe… vihar±m²”ti parid²pitena ves±rajjena. Dutiyasiddh²ti dutiyassa “samm±sambuddho”ti padassa atthasiddhi buddhattasiddhi tassa tadatthabh±vato. Tatiyacatuttheh²ti vuttanayeneva tatiyacatutthabh³tehi “ye kho pana te antar±yik± dhamm± vutt±, te paµisevato n±la½ antar±y±y±ti, tatra…pe… vihar±m²”ti ca “yassa kho pana te atth±ya dhammo desito, so na niyy±ti takkarassa samm± dukkhakkhay±y±ti, tatra…pe… vihar±m²”ti (a. ni. 4.8; ma. ni. 1.150) ca parid²pitehi ves±rajjehi. Tatiyasiddh²ti tatiyassa “vivaµµacchad±”ti padassa atthasiddhi vivaµµacchadatthasiddhi tehi tassa p±kaµabh±vatoti attho. “Y±th±vato antar±yikaniyy±nikadhamm±padesena hi satthu vivaµµacchadabh±vo loke p±kaµo ahos²”ti (d². ni. µ². 1.258) ±cariyena vutta½, vivaµµacchadabh±veneva antar±yikaniyy±nikadhammadesan±siddhito “tatiyena tatiyacatutthasiddh²”tipi vattu½ yujjati.
Eva½ padattayavacane catuves±rajjavasena payojana½ dassetv± id±ni cakkhuttayavasenapi dassento “purimañc±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha ca-saddo upany±sattho. Purima½ “arahan”ti pada½ bhagavato heµµhimamaggaphalattayañ±ºasaªkh±ta½ dhammacakkhu½ s±dheti kiles±r²na½, sa½s±racakkassa ar±nañca hatabh±vad²panato. Dutiya½ “samm±sambuddho”ti pada½ ±say±nusaya-indriyaparopariyattañ±ºasaªkh±ta½ buddhacakkhu½ s±dheti samm±sambuddhasseva ta½sambhavato. Tadetañhi ñ±ºadvaya½ s±vakapaccekabuddh±na½ na sambhavati. Tatiya½ “vivaµµacchad±”ti pada½ sabbaññutaññ±ºasaªkh±ta½ samantacakkhu½ s±dheti sav±sanasabbakilesappah±nad²panato. “Samm±sambuddho”ti hi vatv± “vivaµµacchad±”ti vacana½ samm±sambuddhabh±v±ya sav±sanasabbakilesappah±na½ vibh±vet²ti. “Aha½ kho pana t±ta ambaµµha mant±na½ d±t±”ti ida½ appadh±na½, “tva½ mant±na½ paµiggahet±”ti idameva padh±na½ samuttejan±vacananti sandh±ya “tva½ mant±na½ paµiggahet±ti imin±’ssa mantesu s³rabh±va½ janet²”ti vutta½, lakkhaºavibh±vane visadañ±ºat±saªkh±ta½ s³rabh±va½ janet²ti attho.
259. Eva½ bhoti ettha eva½-saddo vacanasampaµicchane nip±to, vacanasampaµicchanañcettha tath± maya½ ta½ bhavanta½ gotama½ vediss±ma, tva½ mant±na½ paµiggahet±ti ca eva½ pavattassa pokkharas±tino vacanassa sampaµiggaho. “Tassattho”ti-±din±pi hi tadevattha½ dasseti. Tath± ca vutta½ “br±hmaºassa pokkharas±tissa paµissutv±”ti, ta½ panesa ±cariyassa samuttejan±ya lakkhaºesu vigatasammohabh±vena buddhamante sampassam±natt± vadat²ti dassento “sop²”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha “t±y±ti t±ya yath±vutt±ya samuttejan±y±”ti (d². ni. µ². 1.259) ±cariyena vutta½, adhun± pana potthakesu “t±ya ±cariyakath±y±”ti p±µho dissati. Atthato cesa aviruddhoyeva. Mantesu satisamupp±dik± hi kath± samuttejan±ti.
Ay±nabh³minti y±nassa abh³mi½, y±nena y±tumasakkuºeyyaµµh±nabh³ta½, dv±rakoµµhakasam²pa½ gantv±ti attho.
Avisesena vuttassapi vacanassa attho aµµhakath±pam±ºato visesena gahetabboti ±ha “µhitamajjhanhikasamaye”ti. Sabbesam±ciººavasena paµhamanaya½ vatv± padh±nik±nameva ±veºik±ciººavasena dutiyanayo vutto. Div±padh±nik±ti div±padh±n±nuyuñjanak±, divasabh±ge samaºadhammakaraºattha½ te eva½ caªkamant²ti vutta½ hoti. Ten±ha “t±dis±nañh²”ti-±di. “Pariveºato pariveºam±gacchanto papañco hoti, pucchitv±va pavisiss±m²”ti ambaµµhassa tadupasaªkaman±dhipp±ya½ vibh±vento “so kir±”ti-±dim±ha.
260. Abhiññ±takule j±to abhiññ±takolañño. K±mañca vakkham±nanayena pubbe ambaµµhakulamapaññ±ta½, tad± pana paññ±tanti ±ha “tad± kir±”ti-±di. R³paj±timantakul±padeseh²ti “ayam²diso”ti apadisanahetubh³tehi cat³hi r³paj±timantakulehi. Yena te bhikkh³ cintayi½su, tadadhipp±ya½ ±vi k±tu½ “yo h²”ti-±di vutta½. Avisesato vuttampi visesato viññ±yam±nattha½ sandh±ya bh±sitavacananti dasseti “gandhakuµi½ sandh±y±”ti imin±. Evam²disesu.
Aturitoti aveg±yanto, “aturanto”tipi p±µho, soyevattho. Katha½ pavisanto ataram±no pavisati n±m±ti ±ha “saºikan”ti-±di. Tattha padappam±ºaµµh±neti dvinna½ pad±na½ antare muµµhiratanapam±ºaµµh±ne. Sinduv±ro n±ma eko pupph³pagarukkho, yassa seta½ puppha½ hoti, yo “nigguº¹²” tipi vuccati. Pamukhanti gandhakuµigabbhapamukha½. “Kuñcikacchiddasam²pe”ti vuttavacana½ samatthetu½ “dv±ra½ kir±”ti-±di vutta½.
261. “D±na½ dadam±neh²”ti imin± p±ramit±nubh±vena sayameva dv±ravivaraºa½ dasseti.
Bhagavat± saddhi½ sammodi½s³ti ettha samatthena sa½-saddena viññ±yam±na½ bhagavato tehi saddhi½ paµhama½ pavattamodat±saªkh±ta½ neyyattha½ dassento “yath±”ti-±dim±ha. Bhagav±pi hi “kacci bho m±ºav± khaman²ya½, kacci y±pan²yan”ti-±d²ni pucchanto tehi m±ºavehi saddhi½ pubbabh±sit±ya paµhamaññeva pavattamodo ahosi. Samappavattamod±ti bhagavato tadanukaraºena sama½ pavattasa½sandan±. Tadattha½ saha upam±ya dassetu½ “s²todaka½ viy±”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha paramanibbutakilesadarathat±ya bhagavato s²todakasadisat±, anibbutakilesadarathat±ya ca m±ºav±na½ uºhodakasadisat± daµµhabb±. Sammoditanti sa½sandita½. Mudasaddo hettha sa½sandaneyeva, na p±mojje, evañhi yath±vutta-upam±vacana½ samatthita½ hoti. Tath± hi vutta½ “ek²bh±van”ti, sammodanakiriy±ya sam±nata½ ekar³patanti attho.
Khaman²yanti “catucakka½ navadv±ra½ sar²rayanta½ dukkhabahulat±ya sabh±vato dussaha½ kacci khamitu½ sakkuºeyyan”ti pucchanti, y±pan²yanti ±h±r±dipaccayapaµibaddhavuttika½ cirappabandhasaªkh±t±ya y±pan±ya kacci y±petu½ sakkuºeyya½, s²sarog±di-±b±dh±bh±vena kacci app±b±dha½, dukkhaj²vik±bh±vena kacci app±taªka½, ta½ta½kiccakaraºe uµµh±nasukhat±ya kacci lahuµµh±na½, tadanur³pabalayogato kacci bala½, sukhavih±raphalasabbh±vena kacciph±suvih±ro atth²ti sabbattha kacci-sadda½ yojetv± attho veditabbo. Balappatt± p²ti p²tiyeva. Taruº± p²ti p±mojja½. Sammodana½ janeti karot²ti sammodanika½, tadeva sammodaniya½ ka-k±rassa ya-k±ra½ katv±. Sammodetabbato sammodan²yanti imamattha½ dasseti “sammoditu½ yuttabh±vato”ti imin±. Eva½ ±cariyehi vutta½. Sammoditu½ arahat²ti sammodanika½, tadeva sammodaniya½ yath±vuttanayen±ti imamatthampi dasset²ti daµµhabba½. “S±retun”ti etassa “nirantara½ pavattetun”ti atthavacana½. Saritabbabh±vatoti anussaritabbabh±vato. “S±retu½ arahat²”ti atthe yath±pada½ d²ghena “s±raº²yan”ti vutta½. “Saritabban”ti atthe pana “saraº²yan”ti vattabbe d²gha½ katv± “s±raº²yan”ti vuttanti veditabba½. Eva½ saddato attha½ dassetv± id±ni atthamattato dassetu½ “suyyam±nasukhato”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha suyyam±nasukhatoti ±p±thamadhurattam±ha, anussariyam±nasukhatoti vimaddaramaº²yatta½. Byañjanaparisuddhat±y±ti sabh±vaniruttibh±vena tass± kath±ya vacanac±turiya½, atthaparisuddhat±y±ti atthassa nirupakkilesatta½. Anekehi pariy±yeh²ti anekehi k±raºehi.
Apas±dess±m²ti maªku½ kariss±mi. Ubhosu khandhesu s±µaka½ ±sajjetv± kaºµhe olambana½ sandh±ya “kaºµhe olambitv±”ti vutta½. Dussakaººa½ gahetv±ti nivatthas±µakassa koµi½ ekena hatthena gahetv±. Caªkamitum±ruhana½ sandh±ya “caªkama½ abhiruhitv±”ti ±ha. Dh±tusamat±ti ras±didh±t³na½ sam±vatthat±, arogat±ti attho. P±s±dikatthanti pas±dajananattha½ “gatagataµµh±ne”ti imin± sambandho. “P±s±dikatt±”tipi p±µho, tassattho– aªgapaccaªg±na½ pas±d±vahatt±ti, “uppannabahum±n±”ti imin± sambandho. Uppaº¹anakathanti avahasitabbat±yuttakatha½. “An±c±rabh±vas±raº²yan”ti tassa visesana½, an±c±rabh±vena s±raº²ya½ “an±c±ro vat±yan”ti saritabbakanti attho.
262. K±tu½ dukkaramasakkuºeyya½ kiccamaya½ ±rabh²ti dassetu½ “bhavagga½ gahetuk±mo viy±”ti-±di vutta½. Asakkuºeyyañheta½ sadevakenapi lokena, yadida½ bhagavato apas±dana½. Ten±ha “aµµh±ne v±yamat²”ti. Handa tena saddhi½ mantem²ti eva½ aµµh±ne v±yamantopi aya½ b±lo “mayi kiñci akathente may± saddhi½ uttari kathetumpi na visahat²”ti m±nameva paggaºhissati, kathente pana kath±pasaªgenassa j±tigotte vibh±vite m±naniggaho bhavissati, “handa tena saddhi½ mantem²”ti bhagav± ambaµµha½ m±ºava½ etadavoc±ti attho. ¾c±rasam±c±rasikkh±panena ±cariy±, tesa½ pana ±cariy±na½ pakaµµh± ±cariy±ti p±cariy± yath± “papit±maho”ti imamattha½ dassetu½ “±cariyehi ca tesa½ ±cariyehi c±”ti vutta½.