Pokkharas±tivatthuvaººan±

255. Manteti iruved±dimantasatthe. Iruved±dayo hi guttabh±sitabbaµµhena “mant±”ti vuccanti. Aºa-saddo saddeti ±ha “sajjh±yat²”ti. Lokiy± pana vadanti “brahmuno apacca½ br±hmaºo, n±gamo, ºatta½, d²gh±d²”ti. Kasm± ayameva vacanattho vuttoti ±ha “idamev±”ti-±di. Atha kesa½ itaro vacanatthoti codanamapaneti “ariy± pan±”ti-±din±. Atha v± ya½ lokiy± vadanti “brahmun± j±to br±hmaºo”ti-±dinirutti½, ta½ paµikkhipitu½ eva½ vutta½. “Idamev±”ti hi avadh±raºena ta½ paµikkhipati. “J±tibr±hmaº±nan”ti pana imin± saddantarena dassitesu j±tibr±hmaºavisuddhibr±hmaºavasena duvidhesu br±hmaºesu visuddhibr±hmaº±na½ nirutti½ dassento “ariy± pan±”ti-±dim±ha. Bahanti p±pe bahi karont²ti hi ariy± br±hmaº± niruttinayena. “Tassa kira k±yo setapokkharasadiso”ti idamevassa n±mal±bhahetudassana½, sesa½ pana tappasaªgena yath±vijjam±navisesadassanameva. Ten±ha “iti na½ pokkharasadisatt± pokkharas±t²ti sañj±nant²”ti. Pokkharena sadiso k±yo yass±ti hi pokkharas±t² niruttinayena S±tasaddo v± sadisattho, pokkharena s±to sadiso k±yo tath±, so yass±ti pokkharas±t². Setapokkharasadisoti setapadumavaººo. Devanagareti ±lakamand±didevapure. Uss±pitarajatatoraºanti gambh²ranemanikh±ta½ accuggata½ rajatamaya½ indakh²la½ K±¼ameghar±j²ti kad±ci dissam±n± k±¼a-abbhalekh±. Rajatapan±¼ik±ti rajatamayatumba½. Suvaµµit±ti vaµµabh±vassa yuttaµµh±ne suµµhu vaµµul±. K±¼avaªgatilak±d²namabh±vena suparisuddh±. “Ar±jake”ti-±din±pi sobhaggappattabh±vameva nidasseti.

Id±ni aparampi tassa n±mal±bhahetu½ dassento “aya½ pan±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha ca “himavantapadese mah±sare padumagabbhe nibbatt²”ti idamevassa n±mal±bhahetudassana½. Sesa½ pana tappasaªgena tath±pavatt±k±radassanameva. Ten±ha “iti na½ pokkhare sayitatt± pokkharas±t²ti sañj±nant²”ti. Pokkhare kamale sayat²ti hi pokkharas±t², s±ta½ v± vuccati samasaºµh±na½, pokkhare j±ta½ samasaºµh±na½ tath±, tamassatth²tipi pokkharas±t². Ya½ pana ±cariyena vutta½ “imassa br±hmaºassa k²diso pubbayogo, yena na½ bhagav± anuggaºhitu½ ta½ µh±na½ upagatoti ±h±”ti, (d². ni. µ². 1.255) tadeta½ “aya½ pan±”ti-±divacana½ ekadesameva sandh±ya vutta½. “So tato manussalokan”ti-±divacanato devaloke nibbatt²ti ettha apar±para½ nibbatti eva vutt±ti daµµhabba½. Tath±r³pena kammena nibbattimeva sandh±ya “m±tukucchiv±sa½ jigucchitv±”ti-±di vutta½. “Padumagabbhe nibbatt²”ti imin± sa½sedajoyeva hutv± nibbatt²ti dasseti. Na pupphat²ti na vikasati. Ten±ti t±pasena. N±¼atoti pupphadaº¹ato. Suvaººacuººehi piñjara½ hemavaººo yass±ti suvaººacuººapiñjaro, ta½, suvaººacuººehi vikiººabh±vena hemavaººanti attho. Piñjarasaddo hi hemavaººapariy±yoti s±ratthad²paniya½ (s±rattha. µ². 1.22) vutta½. Esa nayo padumareºupiñjaranti etth±pi. Rajatabimbakanti r³piyamayar³paka½. Paµijagg±m²ti posemi. P±ranti pariyos±na½, nipphatti v± vuccati nad²samudd±d²na½ pariyos±nabh³ta½ p±ra½ viy±ti katv±. Paµisandhipaññ±saªkh±tena sabh±vañ±ºena paº¹ito. Iti kattabbesu, vedesu v± vis±radapaññ±saªkh±tena veyyattiyena byatto. Aggabr±hmaºoti dis±p±mokkhabr±hmaºo. Sippanti vedasippa½ tasseva pakaraº±dhigatatt±. Brahmadeyya½ ad±s²ti vakkham±nanayena brahmadeyya½ katv± ad±si.

“Ajjh±vasat²”ti ettha adhi-saddo, ±-saddo ca upasaggamatta½, tato “ukkaµµhan”ti ida½ ajjh±pubbavasayoge bhummatthe upayogavacana½. Adhi-saddo v± issariyattho, ±-saddo mariy±dattho tato “ukkaµµhan”ti ida½ kammappavacan²yayoge bhummatthe upayogavacananti dasseti “ukkaµµhan±make”ti-±din±. Tadevattha½ vivaritu½ “tass±”ti-±di vutta½. “Tassa nagarassa s±miko hutv±”ti hi “abhibhavitv±”ti etassatthavivaraºa½, teneta½ d²peti “s±mibh±vo abhibhavanan”ti. “Y±ya mariy±d±y±”ti-±di pana ±-saddassatthavivaraºa½, teneta½ d²peti “±saddo mariy±dattho, mariy±d± ca n±ma y±ya tattha vasitabba½, s±yeva apar±dh²nat±”ti. Y±ya mariy±d±y±ti hi y±ya apar±dh²nat±saªkh±t±ya anaññas±dh±raº±ya avatth±y±ti attho. “Upasaggavasen±”ti-±di pana “ukkaµµhan±make”ti etassatthavivaraºa½, teneta½ d²peti “satipi bhummavacanappasaªge dh±tvatth±nuvattakavisesakabh³tehi duvidhehipi upasaggehi yuttatt± upayogavacanamevettha vihitan”ti. “Tassa kir±”ti-±di pana atth±nugatasamaññ±parid²pana½. Vatthu n±ma nagaram±pan±rahabh³mippadeso “±r±mavatthu, vih±ravatth³”ti-±d²su viya.

Ukk±ti daº¹ad²pik±. Aggahesunti “ajja maªgaladivaso, tasm± sunakkhatta½, tatth±pi aya½ sukhaºo m± atikkam²”ti rattivibh±yana½ anurakkhant±, rattiya½ ±lokakaraºatth±ya ukk± µhapetv± ukk±su jalam±n±su nagarassa vatthu½ aggahesu½, teneta½ d²peti– ukk±su µhit±ti ukkaµµh±. M³lavibhuj±di ±katigaºapakkhepena, niruttinayena v± ukk±su vijjotayant²su µhit±ti ukkaµµh±, tath± ukk±su µhit±su µhit± ±s²tipi ukkaµµh±ti. Majjhim±gamaµµhakath±ya½ pana eva½ vutta½ “tañca nagara½ ‘maªgaladivaso sukhaºo, sunakkhatta½ m± atikkam²’ti rattimpi ukk±su µhit±su m±pitatt± ukkaµµh±tipi vuccati, daº¹ad²pik±su j±letv± dh±riyam±n±su m±pitatt±ti vutta½ hot²”ti, (ma. ni. aµµha. 1.m³lapariy±yasuttavaººan±) tadapimin± sa½sandati ceva sameti ca nagaravatthupariggahassapi nagaram±panapariy±pannatt±ti daµµhabba½. Apare pana bhaºanti “bh³mibh±gasampattiy±, upakaraºasampattiy±, manussasampattiy± ca ta½ nagara½ ukkaµµhaguºayogato ukkaµµh±ti n±ma½ labhat²”ti. Lokiy± pana vadanti “ukk± dh±r²yati etassa m±pitak±leti ukkaµµh±, vaººavik±royan”ti, itthiliªgavasena c±ya½ samaññ±, tenevidha payogo dissati “yath± ca bhava½ gotamo ukkaµµh±ya aññ±ni up±sakakul±ni upasaªkamat²”ti (d². ni. 1.299) m³lapariy±yasutt±d²su (ma. ni. 1.1) ca “eka½ samaya½ bhagav± ukkaµµh±ya½ viharati subhagavane s±lar±jam³le”ti-±di. Evamettha hotu upasaggavasena upayogavacana½, katha½ paneta½ sesapadesu siy±ti anuyogen±ha “tassa anupayogatt± sesapades³”ti. Tattha tass±ti upasaggavasena upayogasaññuttassa “ukkaµµhan”ti padassa. Anupayogatt±ti visesanabh±vena anupayuttatt±. Sesapades³ti “sattussadan”ti-±d²su sattasu padesu.

Ki½ nu khv±ya½ saddapayogo saddalakkhaº±nugatoti codanamapaneti “tattha…pe… pariyesitabban”ti imin±. Tatth±ti upasaggavasena, anupayogavasena ca upayogavacananti vutte dubbidhepi vidh±ne. Lakkhaºanti gahaº³p±yañ±yabh³ta½ saddalakkhaºa½, sutta½ v±. Pariyesitabbanti saddasatthesu vijjam±natt± ñ±ºena gavesitabba½, gahetabbanti vutta½ hoti. Etena hi saddalakkhaº±nugatov±ya½ saddapayogoti dasseti, saddavid³ ca icchanti “upa-anu-adhi-±-icc±dipubbavasayoge sattamiyatthe upayogavacana½ p±puº±ti, visesitabbapade ca yath±vidhimanupayogo visesanapad±na½ sam±n±dhikaraºabh³t±nan”ti. Tatra yad± adhi-saddo, ±-saddo ca upasaggamatta½, tad± “tatiy±sattam²nañc±”ti lakkhaºena ajjh±pubbavasayoge upayogavacana½. Tath± hi vadanti “sattamiyatthe k±ladis±su up±nvajjh±vasayoge, adhipubbasiµh±vas±na½ payoge, tapp±nac±resu ca dutiy±. K±le pubbaºhasamaya½ niv±setv±, eka½ samaya½ bhagav±, kañci k±la½ purej±tapaccayena paccayo, ima½ ratti½ catt±ro mah±r±j±no. Dis±ya½ purima½ disa½ dhataraµµho. Up±dipubbavasayoge g±ma½ upavasati, g±ma½ anuvasati, g±ma½ ±vasati, ag±ra½ ajjh±vasati, adhipubbasiµh±vas±na½ payoge pathavi½ adhisessati, g±ma½ adhitiµµhati, g±ma½ ajjh±vasati. Tapp±nac±resu nadi½ pivati, g±ma½ carati icc±d²ti.

Yad± pana adhi-saddo issariyattho, ±-saddo ca mariy±dattho, tad± “kammappavacan²yayutte”ti lakkhaºena kammappavacan²yayoge upayogavacana½. Tath± hi vadanti “anu-±dayo upasagg±, dh²-±dayo nip±t± ca kammappavacan²yasaññ± honti kiriy±saªkh±ta½ kamma½ pavacan²ya½ yesa½ te kammappavacan²y±”ti. Sesapad±na½ pana yath±vidhimanupayoge katarena lakkhaºena upayogavacananti? Yath±vuttalakkhaºeneva. Yajjeva½ tesampi ±dh±rabh±vato n±n±dh±rat± siy±ti? Na, bah³nampi pad±na½ nagaravasena ekatthabh±vato. Sakatthamattañhi tesa½ n±n±karaºanti. Aññe pana saddavid³ evamicchanti “sam±n±dhikaraºapad±na½ pacceka½ kiriy±sambandhanena visesitabbapadena sam±navacanat± yath± ‘kaµa½ karoti, vipula½, dassan²yan’ti ettha ‘kaµa½ karoti, vipula½ karoti, dassan²ya½ karot²’ti pacceka½ kiriy±sambandhanena kammattheyeva dutiy±”ti, tadeta½ vic±retabba½ visesanapad±na½ sam±n±dhikaraº±na½ kiriy±sambajjhan±bh±vato. Yad± hi kiriy±sambajjhana½, tad± visesanameva na hot²ti.

Ussadat± n±mettha bahulat±ti vutta½ “bahujanan”ti. Ta½ pana bahulata½ dasseti “±kiººamanussan”ti-±din±. Araññ±d²su gahetv± posetabb± pos±vaniy±, etena tesa½ dhammabh±va½ dasseti. ¾vijjhitv±ti parikkhipitv±. Khaºitv± kat± pokkharaº², ±bandhitv± kata½ ta¼±ka½. Acchinn³dakaµµh±neyeva jalajakusum±ni j±t±n²ti vutta½ “udakassa niccabharit±nev±”ti. Udakass±ti ca p³raºakiriy±yoge karaºatthe s±mivacana½ “mahante mahante s±ºipasibbake k±r±petv± hiraññasuvaººassa p³r±petv±”ti-±d²su (p±r±. 34) viya. Saha dhaññen±ti sadhaññanti nagarasadd±pekkh±ya napu½sakaliªgena vutta½, yath±v±kya½ v± upayogavacanena. Eva½ sabbattha. Pubbaºº±paraºº±dibheda½ bahudhaññasannicayanti ettha ±disaddena tadubhayavinimutta½ al±bukumbhaº¹±dis³peyya½ saªgaºh±ti. Ten±yamattho viññ±yati– nayidha dhaññasaddo s±li-±didhaññavisesav±cako, posane s±dhuttamattena pana niravasesapubbaºº±paraººas³peyyav±cako, vir³pekasesavasena v± payuttoti. Ett±vat±ti yath±vuttapadattayena. R±jal²l±y±ti r±j³na½ vil±sena. Samiddhiy± upabhogaparibhogasampuººabh±vena sampatti samiddhisampatti.

“R±jabhoggan”ti vutte “kena dinnan”ti avassa½ pucchitabbato eva½ vuttanti dasseti “ken±”ti-±din±. Raññ± viya bhuñjitabbanti v± r±jabhogganti aµµhakath±to aparo nayo. Y±va puttanattapanattaparampar± kulasantakabh±vena r±jato laddhatt± “rañño d±yabh³tan”ti vutta½. “Dhammad±y±d± me bhikkhave bhavath±”ti-±d²su (ma. ni. 1.29) viya ca d±yasaddo d±yajjapariy±yoti ±ha “d±yajjanti attho”ti. Katha½ dinnatt± brahmadeyya½ n±m±ti codana½ pariharati “chatta½ uss±petv±”ti-±din±. R±jan²h±rena paribhuñjitabbato hi uddha½ paribhogal±bhassa brahmadeyyat± n±ma natthi, idañca tath± dinnameva, tasm± brahmadeyya½ n±m±ti vutta½ hoti. Chejjabhejjanti sar²radaº¹adhanadaº¹±dibheda½ daº¹am±ha. Nad²titthapabbat±d²s³ti nad²titthapabbatap±dag±madv±ra-aµavimukh±d²su. Setacchattaggahaºena sesar±jakakudhabhaº¹ampi gahita½ tappamukhatt±ti veditabba½. “Raññ± bhuñjitabban”tveva vutte idh±dhippetattho na p±kaµoti hutv±-saddaggahaºa½ kata½. Tañhi so r±jakulato asamud±gatopi r±j± hutv± bhuñjitu½ labhat²ti ayamidh±dhippeto attho. D±tabbanti d±ya½, “r±jad±yan”ti imin±va raññ± dinnabh±ve siddhe “raññ± pasenadin± kosalena dinnan”ti puna ca vacana½ kimatthiyanti ±ha “d±yakar±jad²panatthan”ti-±di. Asukena raññ± dinnanti d±yakar±jassa ad²pitatt± eva½ vuttanti adhipp±yo. Ettha ca paµhamanaye “r±jabhoggan”ti pade pucch±sambhavato ida½ vutta½, dutiyanaye pana “r±jad±yan”ti padeti ayampi viseso daµµhabbo. Tattha atibahulat±ya purato µhapanok±s±bh±vato passenapi odanas³pabyañjan±di d²yati etass±ti pasenadi, aluttasam±savasena. So hi r±j± taº¹uladoºassa odanampi tadupiyena s³pabyañjanena bhuñjati. Tath± hi na½ bhuttap±tar±sak±le satthu santikam±gantv± ito cito ca samparivattanta½ nidd±ya abhibhuyyam±na½ ujuka½ nis²ditumasakkonta½ bhagav±–