Vipassan±ñ±ºakath±vaººan±
234. “Puna capara½ mah±r±ja (p±¼iya½ natthi) bhikkh³”ti vatv±pi kimattha½ dassetu½ “so”ti pada½ puna vuttanti codan±y±ha “so…pe… dasset²”ti, yath±rutavasena, neyyatthavasena ca vutt±su aµµhasu sam±patt²su ciººavasit±visiµµha½ bhikkhu½ dassetu½ eva½ vuttanti adhipp±yo. Sesanti “so”ti padatthato sesa½ “eva½ sam±hite”ti-±d²su vattabba½ s±dhipp±yamatthaj±ta½. Ñeyya½ j±n±t²ti ñ±ºa½, tadeva paccakkha½ katv± passat²ti dassana½, ñ±ºameva dassana½ na cakkh±dikanti ñ±ºadassana½, pañcavidhampi ñ±ºa½, tayida½ pana ñ±ºadassanapada½ s±sane yesu ñ±ºavisesesu niru¼ha½, ta½ sabba½ atthuddh±ravasena dassento “ñ±ºadassananti maggañ±ºampi vuccat²”ti-±dim±ha. ѱºadassanavisuddhatthanti ñ±ºadassanassa visuddhipayojan±ya. Ph±suvih±roti ariyavih±rabh³to sukhavih±ro. Bhagavatop²ti na kevala½ devat±rocanameva, atha kho tad± bhagavatopi ñ±ºadassana½ udap±d²ti attho. Satt±ha½ k±laªkatassa ass±ti satt±hak±laªkato. “K±l±mo”ti gottavasena vutta½. Cetovimutti [vimutti (aµµhakath±ya½)] n±ma arahattaphalasam±patti. Yasm± vipassan±ñ±ºa½ ñeyyasaªkh±te tebh³makasaªkh±re anicc±dito j±n±ti, bhaªg±nupassanato ca paµµh±ya paccakkhato te passati, tasm± yath±vuttaµµhena ñ±ºadassana½ n±ma j±tanti dasseti “idha pan±”ti-±din±. Abhin²harat²ti vipassan±bhimukha½ citta½ tadaññakaraº²yato n²haritv± harat²ti aya½ saddato attho, adhipp±yato pana ta½ dassetu½ “vipassan±ñ±ºass±”ti-±di vutta½. Tadabhimukhabh±voyeva hissa tanninnat±dikaraºa½, ta½ pana vuttanayena aµµhaªgasamann±gate tasmi½ citte vipassan±kkamena j±te vipassan±bhimukha½ cittapesanamev±ti daµµhabba½. Tanninnanti tassa½ vipassan±ya½ ninna½. Itaradvaya½ tasseva vevacana½. Tassa½ poºa½ vaªka½ pabbh±ra½ n²canti attho. Brahmaj±le vuttoyeva. Odanakumm±sehi upac²yati va¹¹h±p²yati, upacayati v± va¹¹hat²ti attha½ sandh±ya “odanen±”ti-±di vutta½. Aniccucch±danaparimaddanabhedanaviddha½sanadhammoti ettha “aniccadhammo”ti-±din± dhammasaddo pacceka½ yojetabbo. Tattha aniccadhammoti pabhaªgut±ya addhuvasabh±vo. Duggandhavigh±tatth±y±ti sar²re duggandhassa vigam±ya. Ucch±danadhammoti ucch±detabbat±sabh±vo, imassa p³tik±yassa duggandhabh±vato gandhodak±d²hi ubbaµµanavilimpanaj±tikoti attho. Ucch±danena hi p³tik±ye sedav±tapittasemh±d²hi garubh±vaduggandh±namapagamo hoti. Mah±samb±hana½ mall±d²na½ b±huva¹¹han±di-attha½va hoti, aªgapaccaªg±b±dhavinodanattha½ pana khuddakasamb±hanameva yuttanti ±ha “khuddakasamb±hanen±”ti, mandasamb±hanen±ti attho. Parimaddanadhammoti parimadditabbat±sabh±vo. Eva½ aniyamitak±lavasena attha½ vatv± id±ni niyamitak±lavasena attha½ vadati “daharak±le”ti-±din±. V±-saddo cettha atthadassanavaseneva atthantaravikappanassa viññ±yam±natt± na payutto, luttaniddiµµho v±. Daharak±leti aciravij±tak±le. Say±petv± añchanap²¼an±divasena parimaddanadhammoti sambandho. Mitanti bh±vanapu½sakaniddeso, tena yath±pam±ºa½, manda½ v± añchanap²¼an±d²ni dasseti. Añchanañcettha ±ka¹¹hana½. P²¼ana½ samb±hana½. ¾disaddena samiñjana-uggaman±d²ni saªgaºh±ti. Eva½ pariharitop²ti ucch±dan±din± sukhedhitopi. Bhijjati cev±ti aniccat±divasena nassati ca. Vikirati c±ti eva½ bhindanto ca kiñci payojana½ as±dhento vippakiººova hoti. Eva½ navahi padehi yath±raha½ k±ye samudayavayadhamm±nupassit± dassit±ti imamattha½ vibh±vento “tatth±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha chahi padeh²ti “r³p², c±tumah±bh³tiko, m±t±pettikasambhavo, odanakumm±s³pacayo, ucch±danadhammo, parimaddanadhammo”ti imehi chahi padehi. Yutta½ t±va hotu majjhe t²hipi padehi k±yassa samudayakathana½ tesa½ tadatthad²panato, “r³p², ucch±danadhammo, parimaddanadhammo”ti pana t²hi tpadehi katha½ tassa tath±kathana½ yutta½ siy± tesa½ tadatthassa ad²panatoti? Yuttameva tesampi tadatthassa d²pitatt±. “R³p²”ti hi ida½ attano paccayabh³tena utu-±h±ralakkhaºena r³pena r³pav±ti atthassa d²paka½. Paccayasaªgamavisiµµhe hi tadassatthi-atthe ayam²k±ro. “Ucch±danadhammo, parimaddanadhammo”ti ca ida½ padadvaya½ tath±vidhar³pupp±danena saºµh±nasamp±danatthassa d²pakanti. Dv²h²ti “bhedanadhammo, viddha½sanadhammo”ti dv²hi padehi. Nissitañca k±yapariy±panne hadayavatthumhi nissitatt± vipassan±cittassa. Tad± pavattañhi vipassan±cittameva “idañca me viññ±ºan”ti ±sannapaccakkhavasena vutta½. Paµibaddhañca k±yena vin± appavattanato, k±yasaññit±nañca r³padhamm±na½ ±rammaºakaraºato. 235. Suµµhu obh±sat²ti subho, pabh±sampanno maºi, t±ya eva pabh±sampattiy± maºino bhadrat±ti atthamatta½ dassetu½ “subhoti sundaro”ti vutta½. Parisuddh±karasamuµµh±nameva maºino suvisuddhaj±tit±ti ±ha “j±tim±ti parisuddh±karasamuµµhito”ti. Suvisuddharatan±karato samuµµhitoti attho. ¾karaparivisuddhim³lako eva hi maºino kuruvindaj±ti-±dij±tivisesoti. Idh±dhippetassa pana ve¼uriyamaºino vi¼³ra (vi. va. aµµha. 34 ±dayo v±kyakkhkhndhesu passitabba½) pabbatassa, vi¼³ra g±massa ca avid³re parisuddh±karo. Yebhuyyena hi so tato samuµµhito. Tath± hesa vi¼³ran±makassa pabbatassa, g±massa ca avid³re samuµµhitatt± ve¼uriyoti paññ±yittha, devaloke pavattassapi ca ta½sadisavaººanibhat±ya tadeva n±ma½ j±ta½ yath± ta½ manussaloke laddhan±mavasena devaloke devat±na½, so pana may³rag²v±vaººo v± hoti v±yasapattavaººo v± siniddhaveºupattavaººo v±ti ±cariyadhammap±lattherena paramatthad²paniya½ (vi. va. aµµha. 34) vutta½. Vinayasa½vaººan±su (vi. vi. µ². 1.281) pana “allave¼uvaººo”ti vadanti. Tath± hissa “va½savaººo”tipi n±ma½ j±ta½. “Mañj±rakkhimaº¹alavaººo”ti ca vutto, tatoyeva so idha padese mañj±ramaº²ti p±kaµo hoti. Cakkavattiparibhog±rahapaº²tataramaºibh±vato pana tasseva p±¼iya½ vacana½ daµµhabba½. Yath±ha “puna capara½ ±nanda rañño mah±sudassanassa maºiratana½ p±turahosi, so ahosi maºi ve¼uriyo subho j±tim± aµµha½so”ti-±di (d². ni. 2.248). P±s±ºasakkhar±didosan²haraºavaseneva parikammanipphatt²ti dasseti “apan²tap±s±ºasakkharo”ti imin±. Chaviy± eva saºhabh±vena acchat±, na saªgh±tass±ti ±ha “acchoti tanucchav²”ti. Tato ceva visesena pasannoti dassetu½ “suµµhu pasanno”ti vutta½. Paribhogamaºiratan±k±rasampatti sabb±k±rasampannat± Ten±ha “dhovanavedhan±d²h²”ti-±di. P±s±º±d²su dhotat± dhovana½, k±¼ak±di-apaharaºatth±ya ceva suttena ±vunatth±ya ca vijjhitabbat± vedhana½. ¾disaddena t±pasaºhakaraº±d²na½ saªgaho. Vaººasampattinti ±vunitasuttassa vaººasampatti½. Kasm±ti vutta½ “t±disan”ti-±di, t±disasseva ±vutassa p±kaµabh±vatoti vutta½ hoti. Maºi viya karajak±yo paccavekkhitabbato. ¾vutasutta½ viya viññ±ºa½ anupavisitv± µhitatt±. Cakkhum± puriso viya vipassan±l±bh² bhikkhu sammadeva tassa dassanato, tassa purisassa maºino ±vibh³tak±lo viya tassa bhikkhuno k±yassa ±vibh³tak±lo tannissayassa p±kaµabh±vato. Suttass±vibh³tak±lo viya tesa½ dhamm±nam±vibh³tak±lo tannissitassa p±kaµabh±vatoti ayamettha upam±samp±dane k±raºavibh±van±, “±vutasutta½ viya vipassan±ñ±ºan”ti katthaci p±µho, “idañca viññ±ºan”ti vacanato pana “viññ±ºan”ti p±µhova sundarataro, “vipassan±viññ±ºan”ti v± bhavitabba½. Vipassan±ñ±ºa½ abhin²haritv±ti vipassan±ñ±º±bhimukha½ citta½ n²haritv±. Tatr±ti ve¼uriyamaºimhi. Tad±rammaº±nanti k±yasaññitar³padhamm±rammaº±na½. “Phassapañcamak±nan”ti-±dipadattayasseta½ visesana½ atthavas± liªgavibhattivacanavipariº±moti katv± pacchimapadass±pi visesanabh±vato. Phassapañcamakaggahaºena, sabbacittacetasikaggahaºena ca gahitadhamm± vipassan±cittupp±dapariy±pann± ev±ti daµµhabba½. Evañhi tesa½ vipassan±viññ±ºagatikatt± ±vutasutta½ viya “vipassan±viññ±ºan”ti heµµh± vuttavacana½ avirodhita½ hoti. Kasm± pana vipassan±viññ±ºasseva gahaºanti? “Idañca me viññ±ºa½ ettha sita½ ettha paµibaddhan”ti imin± tasseva vacanato. “Aya½ kho me k±yo”ti-±din± hi vipassan±ñ±ºena vipassitv± “tadeva vipassan±ñ±ºasampayutta½ viññ±ºa½ ettha sita½ ettha paµibaddhan”ti nissayavisay±divasena manasi karoti, tasm± tasseva idha gahaºa½ sambhavati, n±ññass±ti daµµhabba½. Ten±ha “vipassan±viññ±ºasseva v± ±vibh³tak±lo”ti. Dhammasaªgah±d²su (dha. sa. 2 ±dayo) desitanayena p±kaµabh±vato cettha phassapañcamak±na½ gahaºa½, niravasesapariggahaºato sabbacittacetasik±na½, yath±ruta½ desitavasena padh±nabh±vato vipassan±viññ±ºass±ti veditabba½. Ki½ panete paccavekkhaºañ±ºassa ±vibhavanti, ud±hu puggalass±ti? Paccavekkhaºañ±ºasseva, tassa pana ±vibh³tatt± puggalass±pi ±vibh³t± n±ma honti, tasm± “bhikkhuno ±vibh³tak±lo”ti vuttanti. Yasm± panida½ vipassan±ñ±ºa½ maggañ±º±nantara½ hoti, tasm± lokiy±bhiññ±na½ parato, chaµµhabhiññ±ya ca purato vattabba½, atha kasm± sabb±bhiññ±na½ puratova vuttanti codan±lesa½ dassetv± pariharanto “idañca vipassan±ñ±ºan”ti-±dim±ha. “Idañca maggañ±º±nantaran”ti hi imin± yath±vutta½ codan±lesa½ dasseti. Tattha “maggañ±º±nantaran”ti sikh±ppattavipassan±bh³ta½ gotrabhuñ±ºa½ sandh±ya vutta½. Tadeva hi arahattamaggassa, sabbesa½ v± maggaphal±namanantara½ hoti, padh±nato pana tabbacaneneva sabbassapi vipassan±ñ±ºassa gahaºa½ daµµhabba½ avisesato tassa idha vuttatt±. Maggasaddena ca arahattamaggasseva gahaºa½ tassev±bhiññ±pariy±pannatt±, abhiññ±sambandhena ca codan±sambhavato. Lokiy±bhiññ±na½ purato vutta½ vipassan±ñ±ºa½ t±sa½ n±nantarat±ya anupak±ra½, ±savakkhayañ±ºasaªkh±t±ya pana lokuttar±bhiññ±ya purato vutta½ tass± anantarat±ya upak±ra½, tasm± ida½ lokiy±bhiññ±na½ parato, chaµµh±bhiññ±ya ca purato vattabba½. Kasm± pana upak±raµµh±ne tath± avatv± anupak±raµµh±neva bhagavat± vuttanti hi codan± sambhavati. “Eva½ santep²”ti-±di parih±radassana½. Tattha eva½ santep²ti yadipi ñ±º±nupubbiy± maggañ±ºassa anantarat±ya upak±ra½ hoti, eva½ satip²ti attho. Abhiññ±v±reti cha¼abhiññ±vasena vutte desan±v±re. Etassa antar± v±ro natth²ti pañcasu lokiy±bhiññ±su kathit±su ±kaªkheyyasutt±d²su (ma. ni. 1.65) viya chaµµh±bhiññ±pi avassa½ kathetabb± abhiññ±lakkhaºabh±vena tappariy±pannato, na ca vipassan±ñ±ºa½ lokiy±bhiññ±na½, chaµµh±bhiññ±ya ca antar± pavesetv± kathetabba½ anabhiññ±lakkhaºabh±vena tadapariy±pannato. Iti etassa vipassan±ñ±ºassa t±samabhiññ±na½ antar± v±ro natthi, tasm± tattha avasar±bh±vato idheva r³p±vacaracatutthajjh±n±nantara½ vipassan±ñ±ºa½ kathitanti adhipp±yo. “Yasm± c±”ti-±din± atthantaram±ha. Tattha ca-saddo samuccayattho, tena na kevala½ vipassan±ñ±ºassa idha dassane tadeva k±raºa½, atha kho idamp²ti imamattha½ samuccin±t²ti ±cariyena (d². ni. µ². 1.235) vutta½. Saddavid³ pana ²dise µh±ne ca-saddo v±-saddattho, so ca vikappatthoti vadanti, tampi yuttameva atthantaradassane payuttatt±. Attan± payujjitabbassa hi vijjam±natthasseva jotak± upasagganip±t± yath± magganidassane s±kh±bhaªg±, yath± ca adissam±n± jotane pad²p±ti evam²disesu. Hoti cettha–
“Atthantaradassanamhi ca saddo yadi dissati;
samuccaye vikappe so, gahetabbo vibh±vin±”ti.
Akatasammasanass±ti hetugabbhapada½. Tath± katasammasanass±ti ca. “Dibbena cakkhun± bheravampi r³pa½ passatoti ettha iddhividhañ±ºena bherava½ r³pa½ nimminitv± ma½sacakkhun± passatotipi vattabba½. Evampi hi abhiññ±l±bhino apariññ±tavatthukassa bhaya½ sant±so uppajjati uccav±likav±simah±n±gattherassa viy±”ti ±cariyena (d². ni. µ². 1.235) vutta½. Yath± cettha, eva½ dibb±ya sotadh±tuy± bherava½ sadda½ suºatoti etth±pi iddhividhañ±ºena bherava½ sadda½ nimminitv± ma½sasotena suºatop²ti vattabbameva. Evampi hi abhiññ±l±bhino apariññ±tavatthukassa bhaya½ sant±so uppajjati uccav±likav±simah±n±gattherassa viya. Thero hi koñcan±dasahita½ sabbaseta½ hatthin±ga½ m±petv± disv±, sutv± ca sañj±tabhayasant±soti aµµhakath±su (vibha. aµµha. 2.882; ma. ni. aµµha. 1.81; visuddhi. 2.733) vutto. Anicc±divasena katasammasanassa dibb±ya…pe… bhaya½ sant±so na uppajjat²ti sambandho. Bhayavinodanahetu n±ma vipassan±ñ±ºena katasammasanat±, tassa, tena v± samp±danatthanti attho. Idhev±ti catutthajjh±n±nantarameva. “Apic±”ti-±din± yath±p±µha½ yuttataranaya½ dasseti. Vipassan±ya pavatta½ p±mojjap²tipassaddhiparampar±gatasukha½ vipassan±sukha½. P±µiyekkanti jh±n±bhiññ±d²hi asammissa½ visu½ bh³ta½ sandiµµhika½ s±maññaphala½. Ten±ha bhagav± dhammapade–
“Yato yato sammasati, khandh±na½ udayabbaya½;
labhat² p²tip±mojja½, amata½ ta½ vij±natan”ti-±di. (Dha. pa. 374).
Idh±pi vutta½ “idampi kho mah±r±ja sandiµµhika½ s±maññaphala½…pe… paº²tatarañc±”ti, tasm± p±¼iy± sa½sandanato imameva naya½ yuttataranti vadanti. ¾ditov±ti abhiññ±nam±dimhiyeva.