N²varaºappah±nakath±vaººan±

216. Pubbe vuttasseva atthacatukkassa puna sampiº¹etv± kathana½ kimatthanti adhipp±yena anuyoga½ uddharitv± sodheti “so…pe… ki½ dasset²”ti-±din±. Paccayasampattinti sambh±rap±rip³ri½. Ime catt±roti s²lasa½varo indriyasa½varo sampajañña½ santosoti pubbe vutt± catt±ro ±raññikassa sambh±r±. Na ijjhat²ti na sampajjati na saphalo bhavati. Na kevala½ anijjhanamatta½, atha kho ayampi dosoti dasseti “tiracch±nagatehi v±”ti-±din±. Vattabbata½ ±pajjat²ti “asukassa bhikkhuno araññe tiracch±nagat±na½ viya, vanacarak±na½ viya ca niv±sanamattameva, na pana araññav±s±nucchavik± k±ci samm±paµipatti atth²”ti apav±davasena vacan²yabh±vam±pajjati, imassatthassa pana dassanena virujjhanato saddhi½-saddo na por±ºoti daµµhabba½. Atha v± ±raññakehi tiracch±nagatehi, vanacaravisabh±gajanehi v± saddhi½ vippaµipattivasena vasan²yabh±va½ ±pajjati. “Na bhikkhave paºidh±ya araññe vatthabba½, yo vaseyya, ±patti dukkaµass±”ti-±d²su (p±r±. 223) viya hi vatthabba-saddo vasitabbapariy±yo. Tath± hi vibhaªgaµµhakath±yampi vutta½ “evar³passa hi araññav±so k±¼amakkaµa-acchataracchad²pimig±na½ aµaviv±sasadiso hot²”ti (vibha. aµµha. 526) adhivatth±ti adhivasant±. Paµhama½ bheravasadda½ s±venti. T±vat± apal±yantassa hatthehipi s²sa½ paharitv± pal±pan±k±ra½ karont²ti ±cariyas±riputtattherena kathita½. Eva½ byatirekato paccayasampattiy± dassitabh±va½ pak±setv± id±ni anvayatopi pak±setu½ “yassa panete”ti-±di vutta½. Katha½ ijjhat²ti ±ha “so h²”ti-±di. K±¼ako tilakoti vaººavik±r±panarogavasena aññattha pariy±yavacana½. Vuttañhi–
“Dunn±makañca arisa½, chaddiko vamath³rito;
davathu parit±potha, tilako tilak±¼ako”ti.
Tilasaºµh±na½ viya j±yat²ti hi tilako, k±¼o hutv± j±yat²ti k±¼ako. Idha pana paººattiv²tikkamasaªkh±ta½ thullavajja½ k±¼akasadisatt± k±¼aka½, micch±v²tikkamasaªkh±ta½ aºumattavajja½ tilakasadisatt± tilakanti aya½ viseso. Tanti tath± upp±dita½ p²ti½. Vigatabh±vena upaµµh±nato khayavayavasena sammasana½. Kh²yanaµµhena hi khayova vigato, vipar²to v± hutv± ayanaµµhena vayotipi vuccati. Ariyabh³mi n±ma lokuttarabh³mi. It²ti ariyabh³mi-okkamanato, devat±na½ vaººabhaºanato v±, tattha tattha devat±na½ vacana½ sutv± tassa yaso patthaµoti vutta½ hoti, evañca katv± heµµh± vutta½ ayasapattharaºampi devat±nam±rocanavasen±ti gahetabba½.
Vivitta-saddo janaviveketi ±ha “suññan”ti. Ta½ pana janasaddanigghos±bh±vena veditabba½ saddakaºµakatt± jh±nass±ti dassetu½ “appasadda½ appanigghosanti attho”ti vutta½. Janakaggahaºeneva hi idha jañña½ gahita½. Tath± hi vutta½ vibhaªge “yadeva ta½ appanigghosa½, tadeva ta½ vijanav±tan”ti (vibha. 533). Appasaddanti ca pakatisadd±bh±vam±ha. Appanigghosanti nagaranigghos±disadd±bh±va½. ¿disesu hi byañjana½ s±vasesa½ viya, attho pana niravasesoti aµµhakath±su vutta½. Majjhim±gamaµµhakath±vaººan±ya½ (ma. ni. aµµha. 3.364) pana ±cariyadhammap±latthero evam±ha “appasaddassa parittapariy±ya½ manasi katv± vutta½ ‘byañjana½ s±vasesa½ siy±’ti. Ten±ha ‘na hi tass±’ti-±di. Appasaddo panettha abh±vatthotipi sakk± viññ±tu½ ‘app±b±dhatañca sañj±n±m²’ti-±d²su (ma. ni. 1.225) viy±”ti. Tamattha½ vibhaªgap±¼iy± (vibha. 528) sa½sandanto “etadev±”ti-±dim±ha. Etadev±ti ca may± sa½vaººiyam±na½ nissaddata½ ev±ti attho. Santikep²ti g±m±d²na½ sam²pepi edisa½ vivitta½ n±ma, pageva d³reti attho. An±kiººanti asaªkiººa½ asamb±dha½. Yassa sen±sanassa samant± g±vutampi a¹¹hayojanampi pabbatagahana½ vanagahana½ nad²gahana½ hoti, na koci avel±ya upasaªkamitu½ sakkoti, ida½ santikepi an±kiººa½ n±ma. Set²ti sayati. ¾sat²ti nis²dati. “Etth±”ti imin± sena-saddassa, ±sana-saddassa ca adhikaraºatthabh±va½ dasseti, ca-saddena ca tadubhayapadassa catthasam±sabh±va½. “Ten±h±”ti-±din± vibhaªgap±¼imeva ±harati.
Id±ni tass±yevattha½ sen±sanappabhedadassanavasena vibh±vetu½ “apic±”ti-±di vutta½. Vibhaªgap±¼iya½ nidassananayena sar³pato dassitasen±sanasseva hi aya½ vibh±go. Tattha vih±ro p±k±raparicchinno sakalo ±v±so. A¹¹hayogo d²ghap±s±do, “garu¼asaºµh±nap±s±do”tipi vadanti. P±s±do caturassap±s±do. Hammiya½ muº¹acchadanap±s±do. Aµµo paµir±j³na½ paµib±hanayoggo catupañcabh³mako patissayaviseso. M±¼o ekak³µasaªgahito anekakoºavanto patissayaviseso. Aparo nayo– vih±ro d²ghamukhap±s±do. A¹¹hayogo ekapassachadanakageha½. Tassa kira ekapasse bhitti uccatar± hoti, itarapasse n²c±, tena ta½ ekachadanaka½ hoti. P±s±do ±yatacaturassap±s±do. Hammiya½ muº¹acchadanaka½ candikaªgaºayutta½. Guh± keval± pabbataguh±. Leºa½ dv±rabandha½ pabbh±ra½. Sesa½ vuttanayameva. “Maº¹apoti s±kh±maº¹apo”ti (d². ni. µ². 1.216) eva½ ±cariyadhammap±lattherena, aªguttaraµ²k±k±rena ca ±cariyas±riputtattherena vutta½.
Vibhaªgaµµhakath±ya½ (vibha. aµµha. 527) pana vih±roti samant± parih±rapatha½, antoyeva ca rattiµµh±nadiv±µµh±n±ni dassetv± katasen±sana½. A¹¹hayogoti supaººavaªkageha½. P±s±doti dve kaººik±ni gahetv± kato d²ghap±s±do. Aµµoti paµir±j±dipaµib±hanattha½ iµµhak±hi kato bahalabhittiko catupañcabh³mako patissayaviseso. M±¼oti bhojanas±l±sadiso maº¹alam±¼o. Vinayaµµhakath±ya½ pana “ekak³µasaªgahito caturassap±s±do”ti (p±r±. aµµha. 2.482-487) vutta½. Leºanti pabbata½ khaºitv± v± pabbh±rassa appahonakaµµh±ne kuµµa½ uµµh±petv± v± katasen±sana½. Guh±ti bh³midari v± yattha rattindiva½ d²pa½ laddhu½ vaµµati, pabbataguh± v± bh³miguh± v±ti vutta½.
Ta½ ±vasathabh³ta½ patissayasen±sana½ viharitabbaµµhena, vih±raµµh±naµµhena ca vih±rasen±sana½ n±ma. Mas±rak±dicatubbidho mañco. Tath± p²µha½. Uººabhisi-±dipañcavidh± bhisi. S²sappam±ºa½ bimbohana½. Vitth±rato vidatthicaturaªgulat±, d²ghato mañcavitth±rappam±ºat± cettha s²sappam±ºa½. Mas±rak±d²ni mañcap²µhabh±vato, bhisi-upadh±nañca mañcap²µhasambandhato mañcap²µhasen±sana½. Mañcap²µhabh³tañhi sen±sana½, mañcap²µhasambandhañca s±maññaniddesena, ekasesena v± “mañcap²µhasen±sanan”ti vuccati. ¾cariyas±riputtattheropi evameva vadati. ¾cariyadhammap±lattherena pana “mañcap²µhasen±sananti mañcap²µhañceva mañcap²µhasambandhasen±sanañc±”ti (d². ni. µ². 1.216) vutta½. Cimilik± n±ma sudh±parikammakat±ya bh³miy± vaºº±nurakkhaºattha½ paµakhaº¹±d²hi sibbetv± kat±. Cammakhaº¹o n±ma s²habyagghad²pitaracchacamm±d²supi ya½ kiñci camma½. Aµµhakath±su (p±ci. aµµha. 112; vi. saªga. aµµha. 82) hi sen±sanaparibhoge paµikkhittacamma½ na dissati. Tiºasanth±roti yesa½ kesañci tiº±na½ santh±ro. Eseva nayo paººasanth±repi. Cimilik±di bh³miya½ santharitabbat±ya santhatasen±sana½. Yattha v± pana bhikkh³ paµikkamant²ti µhapetv± v± et±ni mañc±d²ni yattha bhikkh³ sannipatanti, sabbameta½ sen±sana½ n±m±ti eva½ vutta½ avasesa½ rukkham³l±dipaµikkamitabbaµµh±na½ abhisaªkharaº±bh±vato kevala½ sayanassa, nissajj±ya ca ok±sabh³tatt± ok±sasen±sana½. Sen±sanaggahaºen±ti “vivitta½ sen±sanan”ti imin± sen±sanasaddena vivittasen±sanassa v± ±d±nena, vacanena v± gahitameva s±maññajotan±ya visese avaµµh±nato, visesatthin± ca visesassa payujjitabbato.
Yadeva½ kasm± “araññan”ti-±di puna vuttanti anuyogena “idha panass±”ti-±dim±ha. Eva½ gahitesupi sen±sanesu yath±vuttassa bhikkhuno anucchavikameva sen±sana½ dassetuk±matt± puna eva½ vuttanti adhipp±yo. “Bhikkhun²na½ vasena ±gatan”ti ida½ vinaye ±gatameva sandh±ya vutta½, na abhidhamme. Vinaye hi gaºamh±-oh²yanasikkh±pade (p±ci. 691) bhikkhun²na½ ±raññakadhutaªgassa paµikkhittatt± idampi ca t±sa½ arañña½ n±ma, na pana pañcadhanusatika½ pacchima½ araññameva sen±sana½, idampi ca t±sa½ gaºamh±-oh²yan±pattikara½, na tu pañcadhanusatik±dimeva arañña½. Vuttañhi tattha–
“Ek± v± gaºamh± oh²yeyy±ti ag±make araññe dutiyik±ya bhikkhuniy± dassan³pac±ra½ v± savan³pac±ra½ v± vijahantiy± ±patti thullaccayassa, vijahite ±patti saªgh±disesass±”ti.
Vinayaµµhakath±supi (p±ci. aµµha. 692) hi tath±va attho vuttoti. Abhidhamme pana “araññanti nikkhamitv± bahi indakh²l± sabbameta½ araññan”ti (vibha. 529) ±gata½. Vinayasuttant± hi ubhopi pariy±yadesan± n±ma, abhidhammo pana nippariy±yadesan±, tasm± ya½ na g±mapadesantogadha½, ta½ araññanti nippariy±yena dassetu½ tath± vutta½. Indakh²l± bahi nikkhamitv± ya½ µh±na½ pavatta½ sabbameta½ arañña½ n±m±ti cettha attho. ¾raññaka½ n±ma…pe… pacchimanti ida½ pana suttantanayena ±raññakasikkh±pade (p±r±. 652) ±raññika½ bhikkhu½ sandh±ya vutta½ imassa bhikkhuno anur³pa½, tasm± visuddhimagge dhutaªganiddese (visuddhi. 1.19) ya½ tassa lakkhaºa½ vutta½, ta½ yuttameva, ato tattha vuttanayena gahetabbanti adhipp±yo.
Sandacch±yanti s²tacch±ya½. Ten±ha “tattha h²”ti-±di. Rukkham³lanti rukkhasam²pa½. Vuttañheta½ “y±vat± majjhanhike k±le samant± ch±y± pharati, niv±te paºº±ni nipatanti, ett±vat± rukkham³lan”ti. Pabbatanti suddhap±s±ºasuddhapa½su-ubhayamissakavasena tividhopi pabbato adhippeto, na sil±mayo eva. Sela-saddo pana avisesato pabbatapariy±yoti katv± eva½ vutta½. “Tattha h²”ti-±din± tadubhayassa anur³pata½ dasseti. Dis±su kh±yam±n±s³ti dasasu dis±su abhimukh²bh±vena dissam±n±su. Tath±r³penapi k±raºena siy± cittassa ekaggat±ti eta½ vutta½, sabbadis±hi ±gatena v±tena b²jiyam±nabh±vahetudassanatthanti keci. Ka½ vuccati udaka½ pip±savinodanassa k±rakatt±. “Ya½ nad²tumbantipi nad²kuñjantipi vadanti, ta½ kandaranti apabbatapadesepi vidugganad²nivattanapadesa½ kandaranti dasset²”ti (vibha. m³laµ². 530) ±cariy±nandatthero, teneva viññ±yati “nad²tumbanad²kuñjasadd± nad²nivattanapadesav±cak±”ti. Nad²nivattanapadeso ca n±ma nadiy± nikkhamana-udakena puna nivattitv± gato viduggapadeso. “Apabbatapadesep²”ti vadanto pana aµµhakath±ya½ nidassanamattena paµhama½ pabbatapadesanti vutta½, yath±vutto pana nad²padesopi kandaro ev±ti dasseti.
“Tattha h²”ti-±din±pi nidassanamatteneva tass±nur³pabh±vam±ha. Uss±petv±ti puñja½ katv±. “Dvinna½ pabbat±nampi ±sannatare µhit±na½ ovarak±disadisa½ vivara½ hoti, ekasmi½yeva pana pabbate umaªgasadisan”ti vadanti ±cariy±. Ekasmi½yeva hi umaªgasadisa½ antoleºa½ hoti upari paµicchannatt±, na dv²su tath± appaµicchannatt±, tasm± “umaªgasadisan”ti ida½ “ekasmi½ yev±”ti imin± sambandhan²ya½. “Mah±vivaran”ti ida½ pana ubhayehipi. Umaªgasadisanti ca “suduªg±sadisan”ti (d². ni. µ². 1.216) ±cariyena vutta½. Suduªg±ti hi bh³migharasseta½ adhivacana½, “ta½ gahetv± suduªg±ya ravanta½ yakkhin² khip²”ti-±d²su viya. Manuss±na½ anupac±raµµh±nanti pakatisañc±ravasena manussehi na sañcaritabbaµµh±na½. Kassanavappan±divasena hi pakatisañc±rapaµikkhepo idh±dhippeto. Ten±ha “yattha na kasanti na vapant²”ti. ¾disaddena pana “vanapatthanti vanasaºµh±nameta½ sen±san±na½ adhivacana½, vanapatthanti bh²sanak±nameta½, vanapatthanti salomaha½s±nameta½, vanapatthanti pariyant±nameta½, vanapatthanti na manuss³pac±r±nameta½ sen±san±na½ adhivacanan”ti (vibha. 531) ima½ vibhaªgap±¼isesa½ saªgaºh±ti. Patthoti hi pabbatassa sam±nabh³mi, yo “s±n³”tipi vuccati, tassadisatt± pana manuss±namasañcaraºabh³ta½ vana½, tasm± patthasadisa½ vana½ vanapatthoti visesanaparanip±to daµµhabbo. Sabbesa½ sabb±su dis±su abhimukho ok±so abbhok±soti ±ha “acchannan”ti, kenaci chadanena antamaso rukkhas±kh±yapi na ch±ditanti attho. Daº¹ak±na½ upari c²vara½ ch±detv± kat± c²varakuµi. Nikka¹¹hitv±ti n²haritv±. Antopabbh±raleºasadiso pal±lar±siyeva adhippeto, itarath± tiºapaººasanth±rasaªgopi siy±ti vutta½ “pabbh±raleºasadise ±laye”ti, pabbh±rasadise, leºasadise v±ti attho. Gacchagumb±d²namp²ti pi-saddena purimanaya½ sampiº¹eti.