Vedan±kammaµµh±navaººan±

359. Pucchitameva kathita½. Yasm± sakkena dev±na½ indena papañcasaññ±saªkh±nirodhag±minipaµipad± pucchit±va, bhagav± ca tadadhigamup±ya½ ar³pakammaµµh±na½ tassa ajjh±sayavasena vedan±mukhena kathento tisso vedan± ±rabhi, iti pucchitameva kathentena pucch±nusandhivasena s±nusandhimeva ca kathita½. Na hi buddh±na½ ananusandhik± kath± n±ma atthi. Id±nissa vedan±mukhena ar³pakammaµµh±nasseva kathane k±raºa½ dassetu½ “devat±nañh²”ti-±di vutta½. Karajak±yassa sukhumat±vacaneneva accantamudusukhum±labh±v±pi vutt± ev±ti daµµhabba½. Kammajanti kammajateja½. Tassa balavabh±vo u¼±rapuññakammanibbattatt±, ativiya garumadhurasiniddhasuddh±h±raj²raºato ca. Ek±h±ramp²ti ek±h±rav±rampi. “Vil²yant²”ti etena karajak±yassa mandat±ya kammajatejassa balavabh±vena ±h±ravel±tikkamena nesa½ balavat² dukkhavedan± uppajjam±n± sup±kaµ± hot²ti dasseti. Nidassanamattañceta½ sukhavedan±pi pana nesa½ u¼±rapaº²tesu ±rammaºesu upar³pari aniggahaºavasena pavattam±n± sup±kaµ± hutv± upaµµh±tiyeva. Upekkh±pi tesa½ kad±ci uppajjam±n± santapaº²tar³p± eva iµµhamajjhatte eva ±rammaºe pavattanato. Tenev±ha “tasm±”ti-±di.

R³pakammaµµh±nanti r³papariggaha½, r³pamukhena vipassan±bhinivesanti attho. Ar³pakammaµµh±nanti etth±pi eseva nayo. Tattha r³pakammaµµh±nena samath±bhinivesopi saªgayhati, vipassan±bhiniveso pana idh±dhippetoti dassento “r³papariggaho ar³papariggahotipi etadeva vuccat²”ti ±ha. Catudh±tuvavatth±nanti ettha yebhuyyena catudh±tuvavatth±na½ vitth±rento r³pakammaµµh±na½ kathet²ti adhipp±yo. R³pakammaµµh±na½ dassetv±va katheti “eva½ r³pakammaµµh±na½ vuccam±na½ suµµhu vibh³ta½ p±kaµa½ hutv± upaµµh±t²”ti. “Etena idh±pi r³pakammaµµh±na½ ekadesena vibh±vitamev±”ti vadanti.

K±mañcettha vedan±vasena ar³pakammaµµh±na½ ±gata½, tadaññadhammavasenapi ar³pakammaµµh±na½ labbhat²ti ta½ vibh±gena dassetu½ “tividho h²”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha abhinivesoti anuppaveso, ±rambhoti attho. ¾rambhe eva hi aya½ vibh±go, sammasana½ pana anavasesatova dhamme pariggahetv± pavattat²ti. “Pariggahite r³pakammaµµh±ne”ti ida½ r³pamukhena vipassan±bhinivesa½ sandh±ya vutta½, ar³pamukhena pana vipassan±bhiniveso yebhuyyena samathay±nikassa icchitabbo, so ca paµhama½ jh±naªg±ni pariggahetv± tato para½ sesadhamme pariggaºh±ti. Paµham±bhinip±toti sabbe cetasik± citt±yatt± cittakiriy±bh±vena vuccant²ti phasso cittassa paµham±bhinip±to vutto. Ta½ ±rammaºanti yath±pariggahita½ r³pakammaµµh±nasaññita½ ±rammaºa½. Uppannaphasso puggalo, cittacetasikar±si v± ±rammaºena phuµµho phassasahaj±t±ya vedan±ya ta½samak±lameva vedeti, phasso pana obh±sassa viya pad²po vedan±d²na½ paccayaviseso hot²ti purimak±lo viya vuccati, y± tassa ±rammaº±bhiniropanalakkhaºat± vuccati. Phusantoti ±rammaºassa phusan±k±rena. Ayañhi ar³padhammatt± ekadesena anall²yam±nopi r³pa½ viya cakkhu½, saddo viya ca sota½, citta½, ±rammaºañca phusanto viya, saªghaµµento viya ca pavattat²ti. Tath± hesa “saªghaµµanaraso”ti vuccati.

¾rammaºa½ anubhavant²ti issaravat±ya visavit±ya s±mibh±vena ±rammaºarasa½ sa½vedent². Phass±d²nañhi sampayuttadhamm±na½ ±rammaºe ekadeseneva pavatti phusan±dimattabh±vato, vedan±ya pana iµµh±k±rasambhog±divasena pavattanato ±rammaºe nippadesato pavatti. Phusan±dibh±vena hi ±rammaºaggahaºa½ ekades±nubhavana½, vedayitabh±vena gahaºa½ yath±k±ma½ sabb±nubhavana½, eva½sabh±v±neva t±ni gahaº±n²ti na vedan±ya viya phass±d²nampi yath± sakakiccakaraºena s±mibh±v±nubhavana½ codetabba½. Vij±nantanti paricchindanavasena visesato j±nanta½. Viññ±ºañhi minitabbavatthu½ n±¼iy± minanto puriso viya ±rammaºa½ paricchijja vibh±venta½ pavattati, na saññ± viya sañj±nanamatta½ hutv±. Tath± hi anena kad±ci lakkhaºattayavibh±van±pi hoti, imesa½ pana phass±d²na½ tassa tassa p±kaµabh±vo paccayavisesasiddhassa pubbabh±gassa vasena veditabbo.

Eva½ tassa tasseva p±kaµabh±vepi “sabba½, bhikkhave, abhiññeyyan”ti (sa½. ni. 4.46; paµi. ma. 1.3), “sabbañca kho, bhikkhave, abhij±nan”ti (sa½. ni. 4.27) ca evam±di vacanato sabbe sammasanupag± dhamm± pariggahetabb±ti dassento “tattha yass±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha phassapañcamakeyev±ti avadh±raºa½ tadantogadhatt± taggahaºeneva gahitatt± catunna½ ar³pakkhandh±na½. Phassapañcamakaggahaºañhi tassa sabbassa sabbacittupp±das±dh±raºabh±vato Tattha ca phassacetan±ggahaºena sabbasaªkh±rakkhandhadhammasaªgaho cetanappadh±natt± tesa½. Tath± hi suttantabh±jan²ye saªkh±rakkhandhavibhaªge “cakkhusamphassaj± cetan±”ti-±din± (vibha. 21) cetan±va vibhatt±, itare pana khandh± sar³peneva gahit±.

Vatthunissit±ti ettha vatthu-saddo karajak±yavisayo, na chabbatthuvisayoti. Kathamida½ viññ±yat²ti ±ha “ya½ sandh±ya vuttan”ti. Kattha pana vutta½? S±maññaphalasutte. Soti karajak±yo. “Pañcakkhandhavinimutta½ n±mar³pa½ natth²”ti ida½ adhik±ravasena vutta½. Aññath± hi khandhavinimuttampi n±ma½ atthev±ti. Avijj±dihetuk±ti avijj±taºhup±d±n±dihetuk±. “Vipassan±paµip±µiy± anicca½ dukkha½ anatt±ti sammasanto vicarat²”ti imin± balavavipassana½ vatv± puna tassa ussukk±pana½, vises±dhigamañca dassento “so”ti-±dim±ha.

Idh±ti imasmi½ sakkapañhasutte. Vedan±vasena cettha ar³pakammaµµh±nakathane k±raºa½ heµµh± vuttanayameva Yath±vuttesu ca t²su kammaµµh±n±bhinivesesu vedan±vasena kammaµµh±n±bhiniveso sukaro vedan±na½ vibh³tabh±vatoti dassetu½ “phassavasena h²”ti-±di vutta½. “Na p±kaµa½ hot²”ti ida½ sakkapamukh±na½ tesa½ dev±na½ yath± vedan± vibh³t± hutv± upaµµh±ti, na eva½ itaradvayanti katv± vutta½. Vedan±ya eva ca nesa½ vibh³tabh±vo vedan±mukhenevettha bhagavat± desan±ya ±raddhatt±. “Vedan±na½ uppattiy± p±kaµat±y±”ti ida½ sukhadukkhavedan±na½ vasena vutta½. T±sañhi pavatti o¼±rik±, na itar±ya. Tadubhayaggahaºamukhena v± gahetabbatt± itar±yapi pavatti viññ³na½ p±kaµ± ev±ti sukhadukkhavedan±nañh²”ti visesaggahaºa½ daµµhabba½. “Yad± sukha½ uppajjat²”ti-±di sukhavedan±ya p±kaµabh±vavibh±vana½, tayida½ asam±hitabh³mivasena veditabba½. Tattha “sakala½ sar²ra½ kho bhanten”ti-±din± k±ma½ pavatti-o¼±rikat±ya av³pasantasabh±vameta½ sukha½, s±talakkhaºat±ya pana sampayuttadhamme, nissayañca anuggaºhantameva pavattat²ti dasseti. “Yad± dukkha½ uppajjat²”ti-±d²su vuttavipariy±yena attho veditabbo.

Dudd²pan±ti ñ±ºena d²petu½ asakkuºeyy±, dubbiññeyy±ti attho. Ten±ha “andhak±r± abhibh³t±”ti. Andhak±r±ti andhak±ragatasadis², j±nituk±me ca andhak±rin². Pubb±para½ sama½ sukare supalakkhitamaggavasena p±s±ºatale migagatamaggo viya iµµh±niµµh±rammaºesu sukhadukkh±nubhavanehi majjhatt±rammaºesu anuminitabbat±ya vutta½ “s± sukhadukkh±na½…pe… p±kaµ± hot²”ti. Ten±ha “yath±”ti-±di. Nayato gaºhantass±ti etth±ya½ nayo– yasm± iµµh±niµµhavisay±ya ±rammaº³paladdhiy± anubhavanato niµµh±majjhattavisay± ca upaladdhi, tasm± na t±ya niranubhavan±ya bhavitabba½, ya½ tatth±nubhavana½, s± adukkhamasukh±. Tath± anupalabbham±na½ r³p±di-anubhuyyam±na½ diµµha½ upalabbhati, yo pana majjhatt±rammaºa½ tabbisayassa viññ±ºappavattiya½, tasm± ananubhuyyam±nena tena na bhavitabba½. Sakk± hi vattu½ anubhavam±n± majjhattavisayupaladdhi upaladdhibh±vato. Iµµh±niµµhavisayupaladdhivisaya½ pana niranubhavana½ ta½ anupaladdhisabh±vameva diµµha½, ta½ yath±r³panti. Nivattetv±ti n²haritv±, “somanassa½p±han”ti-±din± sam±naj±tiyampi bhindanto aññehi ar³padhammehi vivecetv± asa½saµµha½ katv±ti attho.

Ayañca r³pakammaµµh±na½ kathetv± ar³pakammaµµh±na½ vedan±vasena nivattetv± desan± tath±vinetabbapuggal±pekkh±ya suttantaresupi (d². ni. 2.373; ma. ni. 1.106, 390, 413, 450, 465, 467; ma. ni. 2.306, 209; 3.67, 342; sa½. ni. 4.248) ±gat± ev±ti dassento “na kevalan”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha mah±satipaµµh±ne (d². ni. 2.273) tath± desan±ya ±gatabh±vo anantarameva ±vi bhavissati, majjhimanik±ye satipaµµh±nadesan±pi (ma. ni. 1.106) t±dis² eva. C³¼ataºh±saªkhaye “eva½ ceta½, dev±na½ inda, bhikkhuno suta½ hoti ‘sabbe dhamm± n±la½ abhinives±y±’ti, so sabba½ dhamma½ abhij±n±ti sabba½ dhamma½ abhiññ±ya sabba½ dhamma½ parij±n±ti, sabba½ dhamma½ pariññ±ya ya½ kiñci vedana½ vedeti sukha½ v± dukkha½ v± adukkhamasukha½ v±, so t±su vedan±su anicc±nupass² viharati, vir±g±nupass²”ti-±din± (ma. ni. 1.390) ±gata½. Tena vutta½ “ar³pakammaµµh±na½ vedan±vasena nivattetv± dasses²”ti. Mah±taºh±saªkhaye pana “so eva½ anurodhavirodhavippah²no ya½ kiñci vedana½ vedeti sukha½ v± dukkha½ v± adukkhamasukha½ v±, so ta½ vedana½ n±bhinandati n±bhivadati n±jjhos±ya tiµµhati. Tassa ta½ vedana½ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhos±ya tiµµhato y± vedan±su nand² s± nirujjhat²”ti-±din± (ma. ni. 1.414) ±gata½. C³¼avedalle “kati pan±yyevedan±”ti-±din± (ma. ni. 1.465) ±gata½. Mah±vedalle “vedan±ti, ±vuso, vuccati, kitt±vat± nu kho, ±vuso, ‘vedan±’ti vuccat²”ti-±din± (ma. ni. 1.450) ±gata½. Eva½ raµµhap±lasutt±d²supi (ma. ni. 2.305) vedan±kammaµµh±nassa ±gataµµh±na½ uddharitv± vattabba½.

“Paµhama½ r³pakammaµµh±na½ kathetv±”ti vutta½, katha½ tamettha kathitanti ±ha “r³pakammaµµh±nan”ti-±di. Saªkhitta½, katha½ saªkhitta½? Vedan±ya ±rammaºamattaka½yeva, yebhuyyena vedan± r³padhamm±rammaº± pañcadv±ravasena pavattanato. Tena cass± purimasiddh± eva ±rammaºanti vedana½ vadantena tass±rammaºadhamm± atthato paµhamatara½ gahit± eva n±ma hont²ti im±ya atth±pattiy± r³pakammaµµh±nassevettha paµhama½ gahitat± jotit±, na sar³peneva gahitatt±. Ten±ha “tasm± p±¼iya½ n±ru¼ha½ bhavissat²”ti.

360. Dv²hi koµµh±seh²ti sevitabb±sevitabbabh±gehi. Evar³panti ya½ akusal±na½ abhibuddhiy±, kusal±nañca parih±n±ya sa½vattati, evar³pa½, ta½ pana k±m³pasañhitat±ya “gehanissitan”ti vuccat²ti ±ha “gehasitasomanassan”ti. Iµµh±nanti piy±na½. Kant±nanti kaman²y±na½. Man±p±nanti manava¹¹hanak±na½. Tato eva mano rament²ti manoram±na½. Lok±misapaµisa½yutt±nanti taºh±sannissit±na½ k±m³pasañhit±na½. Paµil±bhato samanupassatoti “aho may± im±ni laddh±n²”ti yath±laddh±ni r³p±rammaº±d²ni ass±dayato. At²tanti atikkanta½. Niruddhanti nirodhappatta½. Vipariºatanti sabh±vavigamena vigata½. Samanussaratoti ass±danavasena anucintayato. Gehasitanti k±maguºanissita½. K±maguº± hi k±mar±gassa gehasadisatt± idha “gehan”ti adhippet±.

Evar³panti ya½ akusal±na½ parih±n±ya, kusal±nañca abhibuddhiy± sa½vattati, evar³pa½, ta½ pana pabbajj±divasena pavattiy± nekkhamm³pasañhitanti ±ha “nekkhammasita½ somanassan”ti. Id±ni ta½ p±¼ivaseneva dassetu½ “tattha katam±n²”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha vipassan±lakkhaºe nekkhamme dassite itar±ni tassa k±raºato, phalato, atthato ca dassit±neva hont²ti vipassan±lakkhaºameva ta½ dassento “r³p±nantvev±”ti-±dim±ha. Vipariº±mavir±ganirodhanti jar±ya vipariº±metabbatañceva jar±maraºehi palujjana½ nirujjhanañca viditv±ti yojan±. Uppajjati somanassanti vipassan±ya v²thipaµipattiy± kamena uppann±na½ p±mojjap²tipassaddh²na½ upari anappaka½ somanassa½ uppajjati. Ya½ sandh±ya vutta½–

“Suññ±g±ra½ paviµµhassa, santacittassa bhikkhuno;
am±nus² rati hoti, samm± dhamma½ vipassato.
Yato yato sammasati, khandh±na½ udayabbaya½;
labhat² p²tip±mojja½, amata½ ta½ vij±natan”ti. (Dha. pa. 374) ca–

Nekkhammavasen±ti pabbajj±divasena. “Vaµµadukkhato nitthariss±m²”ti pabbajitu½ bhikkh³na½ santika½ gacchantassa, pabbajantassa, catup±risuddhis²la½ anutiµµhantassa, ta½ sodhentassa, dhutaguºe sam±d±ya vattantassa, kasiºaparikamm±d²ni karontassa ca y± paµipatti, sabb± s± idha “nekkhamman”ti adhippet±. Yebhuyyena anussatiy± upac±rajjh±na½ niµµh±t²ti katv± “anussativasen±”ti vatv± “paµhamajjh±n±divasen±”ti vutta½. Ettha ca yath± pabbajj± gharabandhanato nikkhamanaµµhena nekkhamma½, eva½ vipassan±dayopi ta½paµipakkhato. Ten±ha–

“Pabbajj± paµhama½ jh±na½, nibb±nañca vipassan±;
sabbepi kusal± dhamm±, nekkhammanti pavuccare”ti. (Itivu. aµµha. 109).

Ya½ ceti ettha ceti nip±tamatta½ somanassassa adhippetatt±. Catukkanayavaseneva ca suttantesu jh±nakath±ti vutta½ “dutiyatatiyajjh±navasen±”ti. Dv²s³ti “savitakka½ savic±ra½ avitakka½ avic±ran”ti vuttesu dv²su somanassesu.

Savitakkasavic±re somanasseti parittabh³mike, paµhamajjh±ne v± somanasse. Abhiniviµµhasomanasses³ti vipassana½ paµµhapitasomanassesu. Pi-saddena sammaµµhasomanassesu p²ti imamattha½ dasseti. Somanassavipassan±top²ti savitakkasavic±rasomanassapavattivipassan±topi. Avitakka-avic±ra vipassan± paº²tatar± sammasitadhammavasenapi vipassan±ya visesasiddhito, yato maggepi tath±r³p± vises± ijjhanti. Aya½ panattho “ariyamagga bojjhaªg±divisesa½ vipassan±ya ±rammaºabh³t± khandh± niyament²”ti eva½ pavattena morav±p²v±simah±dattattherav±dena d²petabbo.

361. Gehasitadomanassa½ n±ma k±maguº±na½ appaµil±bhanimitta½, vigatanimittañca uppajjanakadomanassa½. Appaµil±bhato samanupassatoti appaµil±bhena “ahameva na labh±m²”ti paritassanato. Samanussaratoti “ahu vata me ta½ vata natth²”ti-±din± anussaraºavasena cintayato. Ten±ha “eva½ chasu dv±res³”ti-±di.

Anuttaresu vimokkhes³ti suññataphal±di-ariyaphalavimokkhesu. Pihanti apekkha½, ±santi attho. Katha½ pana lokuttaradhamme ±rabbha ±s± uppajjat²ti? Na kho paneta½ eva½ daµµhabba½ “ya½ ±rammaºakaraºavasena tattha pih± pavattat²”ti avisayatt±, puggalassa ca anadhigatabh±vato. Anussav³paladdhe pana anuttaravimokkhe uddissa piha½ upaµµhapento “tattha piha½ upaµµhapet²”ti vutto. Ten±ha “kud±ssu n±m±han”ti-±di. Chasu dv±resu iµµh±rammaºe ±p±thagate anicc±divasena vipassana½ paµµhapetv±ti yojan±. “Iµµh±rammaºe”ti ca imin± nayida½ domanassa½ sabh±vato aniµµhadhammeyeva ±rabbha uppajjanaka½, atha kho icchit±l±bhahetuka½ icch±bhigh±tavasena yattha katthaci ±rammaºe uppajjanakanti dasseti. Eva½ “kud±ssu n±m±han”ti vutt±k±rena piha½ upaµµhapetv± eva½ imampi pakkha½…pe… n±sakkhinti anusocatoti yojan±. “Imasmi½ pakkhe, imasmi½ m±se, imasmi½ sa½vacchare pabbajitu½ n±laddha½, kasiºaparikamma½ k±tu½ n±laddhan”ti-±divasena pavatti½ sandh±ya “nekkhammavasen±”ti vutta½. “Vipassan±vasen±”ti-±d²supi imin± nayena yojan± veditabb±.

Yato eva-k±ro, tato aññattha niyamoti katv± “tasmimpi…pe… gehasitadomanassamev±”ti vutta½. Na hettha gehasitadomanassat± savitakkasavic±re niyat±, atha kho gehasitadomanasse savitakkasavic±rat± niyat± paµiyoginivattanatthatt± eva-k±rassa. “Gehasitadomanassa½ savitakkasavic±rameva, na avitakka-avic±ran”ti. Nekkhammasitadomanassa½ pana siy± savitakkasavic±ra½, siy± avitakka-avic±ra½. Savitakkasavic±rasseva k±raºabh³ta½ domanassa½ savitakkasavic±radomanassa½. Ki½ ta½? Gehasitadomanassa½ ya½ pana nekkhamm±divasena uppanna½, ta½ avitakka-avic±rassa k±raºabh³ta½ avitakka-avic±radomanassanti. Ayañca nayo pariy±yavasena vuttoti ±ha “nippariy±yena pan±”ti-±di. Yadi eva½ kasm± “ya½ ce avitakka½ avic±ran”ti p±¼iya½ vuttanti ±ha “etassa pan±”ti-±di. Maññanavasen±ti parikappanavasena. Vutta½ p±¼iya½.

Tatr±ti tasmi½ maññane. Aya½ id±ni vuccam±no nayo. Domanassapaccayabh³teti domanassassa paccayabh³te. Upac±rajjh±nañhi paµhamajjh±n±d²ni v± p±dak±ni katv± maggaphal±ni nibbattetuk±massa tesa½ al±bhe domanassassa uppajjane t±ni tassa paccay± n±ma honti iti te dhamm± phal³pac±rena “domanassan”ti vutt±. Yo pana tath± uppannadomanasso dhuranikkhepa½ akatv± anukkamena vipassana½ ussukk±petv± maggaphaladhamme nibbatteti, te k±raº³pac±rena “domanassan”ti vutt±ti imamattha½ dassento “idha bhikkh³”ti-±dim±ha. Nanu etassa tad± domanassameva uppanna½, na domanassahetuk± vipassan±maggaphaladhamm± uppann±, tattha katha½ domanassasamañña½ ±ropetv± voharat²ti ±ha “aññesa½ paµipattidassanavasena domanassanti gahetv±”ti-±di. Savitakkasavic±radomanasseti savitakkasavic±ranimitte domanasse. T²hi m±sehi nibbattetabb± tem±sik±, ta½ tem±sika½. Im± ca tem±sik±dayo paµipad± tath±pavatta-ukkaµµhamajjhimamudindriyavasena veditabb±, adhikamajjhimamuduss±havasena v±. Jaggat²ti j±garika½ anuyuñjati.