Yamakas±l±vaººan±

198. Mahat± bhikkhusaªghena saddhinti idha bhikkh³na½ gaºanaparicchedo natthi. Ve¼uvag±me vedan±vikkhambhanato paµµh±ya hi– “na cirena bhagav± parinibb±yissat²”ti sutv± tato tato ±gatesu bhikkh³su ekabhikkhupi pakkanto n±ma natthi. Tasm± gaºanav²tivatto saªgho ahosi. Upavattana½ mall±na½ s±lavananti yatheva hi kalambanad²t²rato r±jam±tuvih±radv±rena th³p±r±ma½ gantabba½ hoti, eva½ hiraññavatiy± p±rimat²rato s±lavanuyy±na½, yath± anur±dhapurassa th³p±r±mo, eva½ ta½ kusin±r±ya½ hoti. Yath± th³p±r±mato dakkhiºadv±rena nagara½ pavisanamaggo p±c²namukho gantv± uttarena nivatto, eva½ uyy±nato s±lavana½ p±c²namukha½ gantv± uttarena nivatta½. Tasm± ta½– “upavattanan”ti vuccati. Antarena yamakas±l±na½ uttaras²sakanti tassa kira mañcakassa ek± s±lapanti s²sabh±ge hoti, ek± p±dabh±ge. Tatr±pi eko taruºas±lo s²sabh±gassa ±sanno hoti, eko p±dabh±gassa. Api ca yamakas±l± n±ma m³lakhandhaviµapapattehi aññamañña½ sa½sibbitv± µhitas±l±ti vutta½. Mañcaka½ paññapeh²ti tasmi½ kira uyy±ne r±jakulassa sayanamañco atthi, ta½ sandh±ya paññapeh²ti ±ha. Theropi ta½yeva paññapetv± ad±si.

Kilantosmi, ±nanda, nipajjiss±m²ti tath±gatassa hi–

“Gocari ka¼±po gaªgeyyo, piªgalo pabbateyyako;
hemavato ca tambo ca, mand±kini uposatho;
chaddantoyeva dasamo, ete n±g±namuttam±”ti.–

Ettha ya½ dasanna½ gocarisaªkh±t±na½ pakatihatth²na½ bala½, ta½ ekassa ka¼±pass±ti. Eva½ dasaguºava¹¹hit±ya gaºan±ya pakatihatth²na½ koµisahassabalappam±ºa½ bala½, ta½ sabbampi cundassa piº¹ap±ta½ paribhuttak±lato paµµh±ya caªgav±re pakkhitta-udaka½ viya parikkhaya½ gata½. P±v±nagarato t²ºi g±vut±ni kusin±r±nagara½, etasmi½ antare pañcav²satiy± µh±nesu nis²ditv± mahat± uss±hena ±gacchantopi s³riyassa atthaªgamitavel±ya½ sañjh±samaye bhagav± s±lavana½ paviµµho. Eva½ rogo sabba½ ±rogya½ maddanto ±gacchati. Etamattha½ dassento viya sabbalokassa sa½vegakara½ v±ca½ bh±santo– “kilantosmi, ±nanda, nipajjiss±m²”ti ±ha.

Kasm± pana bhagav± eva½ mahantena uss±hena idh±gato, ki½ aññattha na sakk± parinibb±yitunti? Parinibb±yitu½ n±ma na katthaci na sakk±, t²hi pana k±raºehi idh±gato, idañhi bhagav± eva½ passati– “mayi aññattha parinibb±yante mah±sudassanasuttassa atthuppatti na bhavissati, kusin±r±ya½ pana parinibb±yante yamaha½ devaloke anubhavitabba½ sampatti½ manussalokeyeva anubhavi½, ta½ dv²hi bh±ºav±rehi maº¹etv± desess±mi, ta½ me sutv± bah³ jan± kusala½ k±tabba½ maññissant²”ti.

Aparampi passati– “ma½ aññattha parinibb±yanta½ subhaddo na passissati, so ca buddhaveneyyo na s±vakaveneyyo; na ta½ s±vak± vinetu½ sakkonti. Kusin±r±ya½ parinibb±yanta½ pana ma½ so upasaªkamitv± pañha½ pucchissati, pañh±vissajjanapariyos±ne ca saraºesu patiµµh±ya mama santike pabbajjañca upasampadañca labhitv± kammaµµh±na½ gahetv± mayi dharam±neyeva arahatta½ patv± pacchimas±vako bhavissat²”ti.

Aparampi passati– “mayi aññattha parinibb±yante dh±tubh±jan²ye mah±kalaho bhavissati, lohita½ nad² viya sandissati. Kusin±r±ya½ parinibbute doºabr±hmaºo ta½ viv±da½ v³pasametv± dh±tuyo vibhajissat²”ti. Imehi t²hi k±raºehi bhagav± eva½ mahantena uss±hena idh±gatoti veditabbo.

S²haseyyanti ettha k±mabhog²seyy±, petaseyy±, s²haseyy±, tath±gataseyy±ti catasso seyy±.

Tattha– “yebhuyyena, bhikkhave, k±mabhog² satt± v±mena passena sent²”ti aya½ k±mabhog²seyy±. Tesu hi yebhuyyena dakkhiºena passena sayant± n±ma natthi.

“Yebhuyyena, bhikkhave, pet± utt±n± sent²”ti aya½ petaseyy±. Appama½salohitatt± hi pet± aµµhisaªgh±µajaµit± ekena passena sayitu½ na sakkonti, utt±n±va senti.

“S²ho, bhikkhave, migar±j± dakkhiºena passena seyya½ kappeti…pe… attamano hot²”ti (a. ni. 4.246) aya½ s²haseyy±. Tejussadatt± hi s²ho migar±j± dve purimap±de ekasmi½ µh±ne, pacchimap±de ekasmi½ µh±ne µhapetv± naªguµµha½ antarasatthimhi pakkhipitv± purimap±dapacchimap±danaªguµµh±na½ µhitok±sa½ sallakkhetv± dvinna½ purimap±d±na½ matthake s²sa½ µhapetv± sayati. Divasa½ sayitv±pi pabujjham±no na utrasanto pabujjhati, s²sa½ pana ukkhipitv± purimap±d±d²na½ µhitok±sa½ sallakkheti. Sace kiñci µh±na½ vijahitv± µhita½ hoti– “na yida½ tuyha½ j±tiy± s³rabh±vassa ca anur³pan”ti anattamano hutv± tattheva sayati, na gocar±ya pakkamati. Avijahitv± µhite pana “tuyha½ j±tiy± ca s³rabh±vassa ca anur³pamidan”ti haµµhatuµµho uµµh±ya s²havijambhita½ vijambhitv± kesarabh±ra½ vidhunitv± tikkhattu½ s²han±da½ naditv± gocar±ya pakkamati.

“Catutthajjh±naseyy± pana tath±gatassa seyy±ti vuccati” (a. ni. 4.246). T±su idha s²haseyy± ±gat±. Ayañhi tejussada-iriy±pathatt± uttamaseyy± n±ma.

P±de p±danti dakkhiºap±de v±map±da½. Acc±dh±y±ti ati-±dh±ya, ²saka½ atikkamma µhapetv±. Gopphakena hi gopphake, j±ºun± v± j±ºumhi saªghaµµiyam±ne abhiºha½ vedan± uppajjati, citta½ ekagga½ na hoti, seyy± aph±suk± hoti. Yath± pana na saªghaµµeti, eva½ atikkamma µhapite vedan± nuppajjati, citta½ ekagga½ hoti, seyy± ph±su hoti. Tasm± eva½ nipajji. Anuµµh±naseyya½ upagatatt± panettha– “uµµh±nasañña½ manasi karitv±”ti na vutta½. K±yavasena cettha anuµµh±na½ veditabba½, nidd±vasena pana ta½ ratti½ bhagavato bhavaªgassa ok±soyeva n±hosi. Paµhamay±masmiñhi mall±na½ dhammadesan± ahosi, majjhimay±me subhaddassa pacchimay±me bhikkhusaªgha½ ovadi, balavapacc³se parinibb±yi.

Sabbaph±liphull±ti sabbe samantato pupphit± m³lato paµµh±ya y±va agg± ekacchann± ahesu½, na kevalañca yamakas±l±yeva, sabbepi rukkh± sabbap±liphull±va ahesu½. Na kevalañhi tasmi½yeva uyy±ne, sakalañhipi dasasahassacakkav±¼e pupph³pag± puppha½ gaºhi½su, phal³pag± phala½ gaºhi½su, sabbarukkh±na½ khandhesu khandhapadum±ni, s±kh±su s±kh±padum±ni, vall²su vallipadum±ni, ±k±sesu ±k±sapadum±ni pathav²tala½ bhinditv± daº¹apadum±ni pupphi½su. Sabbo mah±samuddo pañcavaººapadumasañchanno ahosi. Tiyojanasahassavitthato himav± ghanabaddhamorapiñchakal±po viya, nirantara½ m±l±d±magavacchiko viya, suµµhu p²¼etv± ±baddhapupphavaµa½sako viya, sup³rita½ pupphacaªkoµaka½ viya ca atiramaº²yo ahosi.

Te tath±gatassa sar²ra½ okirant²ti te yamakas±l± bhummadevat±hi sañcalitakhandhas±khaviµap± tath±gatassa sar²ra½ avakiranti, sar²rassa upari pupph±ni vikirant²ti attho. Ajjhokirant²ti ajjhottharant± viya kiranti. Abhippakirant²ti abhiºha½ punappuna½ pakirantiyeva. Dibb±n²ti devaloke nandapokkharaº²sambhav±ni, t±ni honti suvaººavaºº±ni paººacchattappam±ºapatt±ni, mah±tumbamatta½ reºu½ gaºhanti. Na kevalañca mand±ravapupph±neva, aññ±nipi pana dibb±ni p±ricchattakakovi¼±rapupph±d²ni suvaººacaªkoµak±ni p³retv± cakkav±¼amukhavaµµiyampi tidasapurepi brahmalokepi µhit±hi devat±hi paviµµh±ni, antalikkh± patanti. Tath±gatassa sar²ranti antar± avikiºº±neva ±gantv± pattakiñjakkhareºucuººehi tath±gatassa sar²rameva okiranti.

Dibb±nipi candanacuºº±n²ti devat±na½ upakappanacandanacuºº±ni. Na kevalañca devat±na½yeva, n±gasupaººamanuss±nampi upakappanacandanacuºº±ni. Na kevalañca candanacuºº±neva, k±¼±nus±rikalohitacandan±disabbadibbagandhaj±lacuºº±ni, harit±la-añjanasuvaººarajatacuºº±ni sabbadibbagandhav±savikatiyo suvaººarajat±disamugge p³retv± cakkav±¼amukhavaµµi-±d²su µhit±hi devat±hi paviµµh±ni antar± avippakiritv± tath±gatasseva sar²ra½ okiranti.

Dibb±nipi t³riy±n²ti devat±na½ upakappanat³riy±ni. Na kevalañca t±niyeva, sabb±nipi tantibaddhacammapariyonaddhaghanasusirabhed±ni dasasahassacakkav±¼esu devan±gasupaººamanuss±na½ t³riy±ni ekacakkav±¼e sannipatitv± antalikkhe vajjant²ti veditabb±ni.

Dibb±nipi saªg²t±n²ti varuºav±raºadevat± kira n±met± d²gh±yuk± devat±– “mah±puriso manussapathe nibbattitv± buddho bhavissat²”ti sutv± “paµisandhiggahaºadivase na½ gahetv± gamiss±m±”ti m±la½ ganthetum±rabhi½su. T± gantham±n±va– “mah±puriso m±tukucchiya½ nibbatto”ti sutv± “tumhe kassa ganthath±”ti vutt± “na t±va niµµh±ti, kucchito nikkhamanadivase gaºhitv± gamiss±m±”ti ±ha½su. Punapi “nikkhanto”ti sutv± “mah±bhinikkhamanadivase gamiss±m±”ti. Ek³nati½savass±ni ghare vasitv± “ajja mah±bhinikkhamana½ nikkhanto”tipi sutv± “abhisambodhidivase gamiss±m±”ti. Chabbass±ni padh±na½ katv± “ajja abhisambuddho”tipi sutv± “dhammacakkappavattanadivase gamiss±m±”ti. “Sattasatt±h±ni bodhimaº¹e v²tin±metv± isipatana½ gantv± dhammacakka½ pavattitan”tipi sutv± “yamakap±µih±riyadivase gamiss±m±”ti. “Ajja yamakap±µih±riya½ kar²”tipi sutv± “devorohaºadivase gamiss±m±”ti. “Ajja devorohaºa½ kar²”tipi sutv± “±yusaªkh±rossajjane gamiss±m±”ti. “Ajja ±yusaªkh±ra½ ossaj²”tipi sutv± “na t±va niµµh±ti, parinibb±nadivase gamiss±m±”ti. “Ajja bhagav± yamakas±l±namantare dakkhiºena passena sato sampaj±no s²haseyya½ upagato balavapacc³sasamaye parinibb±yissati. Tumhe kassa ganthath±”ti sutv± pana– “kinn±meta½, ‘ajjeva m±tukucchiya½ paµisandhi½ gaºhi, ajjeva m±tukucchito nikkhami, ajjeva mah±bhinikkhamana½ nikkhami, ajjeva buddho ahosi, ajjeva dhammacakka½ pavattayi, ajjeva yamakap±µih±riya½ ak±si, ajjeva devalok± otiººo, ajjeva ±yusaªkh±ra½ ossaji, ajjeva kira parinibb±yissat²’ti. Nanu n±ma dutiyadivase y±gup±nak±lamattampi µh±tabba½ assa. Dasa p±ramiyo p³retv± buddhatta½ pattassa n±ma ananucchavikametan”ti apariniµµhit±va m±l±yo gahetv± ±gamma anto cakkav±¼e ok±sa½ alabham±n± cakkav±¼amukhavaµµiya½ lambitv± cakkav±¼amukhavaµµiy±va ±dh±vantiyo hatthena hattha½ g²v±ya g²va½ gahetv± t²ºi ratan±ni ±rabbha dvatti½sa mah±purisalakkhaº±ni chabbaººarasmiyo dasa p±ramiyo a¹¹hachaµµh±ni j±takasat±ni cuddasa buddhañ±º±ni ±rabbha g±yitv± tassa tassa avas±ne “mah±yaso, mah±yaso”ti vadanti. Idameta½ paµicca vutta½– “dibb±nipi saªg²t±ni antalikkhe vattanti tath±gatassa p³j±y±”ti.

199. Bhagav± pana yamakas±l±na½ antar± dakkhiºena passena nipannoyeva pathav²talato y±va cakkav±¼amukhavaµµiy±, cakkav±¼amukhavaµµito ca y±va brahmalok± sannipatit±ya paris±ya mahanta½ uss±ha½ disv± ±yasmato ±nandassa ±rocesi. Tena vutta½– “atha kho bhagav± ±yasmanta½ ±nanda½…pe… tath±gatassa p³j±y±”ti. Eva½ mah±sakk±ra½ dassetv± ten±pi attano asakkatabh±vameva dassanto na kho, ±nanda, ett±vat±ti-±dim±ha.

Ida½ vutta½ hoti– “±nanda, may± d²paªkarap±dam³le nipannena aµµha dhamme samodh±netv± abhin²h±ra½ karontena na m±l±gandhat³riyasaªg²t±na½ atth±ya abhin²h±ro kato, na etadatth±ya p±ramiyo p³rit±. Tasm± na kho aha½ et±ya p³j±ya p³jito n±ma hom²”ti.

Kasm± pana bhagav± aññattha eka½ um±pupphamattampi gahetv± buddhaguºe ±vajjetv± kat±ya p³j±ya buddhañ±ºen±pi aparicchinna½ vip±ka½ vaººetv± idha eva½ mahanta½ p³ja½ paµikkhipat²ti? Paris±nuggahena ceva s±sanassa ca ciraµµhitik±mat±ya. Sace hi bhagav± eva½ na paµikkhipeyya, an±gate s²lassa ±gataµµh±ne s²la½ na parip³ressanti, sam±dhissa ±gataµµh±ne sam±dhi½ na parip³ressanti, vipassan±ya ±gataµµh±ne vipassan±gabbha½ na g±h±pessanti. Upaµµh±ke sam±dapetv± p³ja½yeva k±rent± viharissanti. ¾misap³j± ca n±mes± s±sana½ ekadivasampi ekay±gup±nak±lamattampi sandh±retu½ na sakkoti. Mah±vih±rasadisañhi vih±rasahassa½ mah±cetiyasadisañca cetiyasahassampi s±sana½ dh±retu½ na sakkonti. Yena kamma½ kata½, tasseva hoti. Samm±paµipatti pana tath±gatassa anucchavik± p³j±. S± hi tena patthit± ceva, sakkoti s±sanañca sandh±retu½, tasm± ta½ dassento yo kho ±nand±ti-±dim±ha.

Tattha dhamm±nudhammappaµipannoti navavidhassa lokuttaradhammassa anudhamma½ pubbabh±gapaµipada½ paµipanno S±yeva pana paµipad± anucchavikatt± “s±m²c²”ti vuccati. Ta½ s±m²ci½ paµipannoti s±m²cippaµipanno. Tameva pubbabh±gapaµipad±saªkh±ta½ anudhamma½ carati p³ret²ti anudhammac±r².

Pubbabh±gapaµipad±ti ca s²la½ ±c±rapaññatti dhutaªgasam±d±na½ y±va gotrabhuto samm±paµipad± veditabb±. Tasm± yo bhikkhu chasu ag±ravesu patiµµh±ya paññatti½ atikkamati, anesan±ya j²vika½ kappeti, aya½ na dhamm±nudhammappaµipanno. Yo pana sabba½ attano paññatta½ sikkh±pada½ jinavela½ jinamariy±da½ jinak±¼asutta½ aºumattampi na v²tikkamati, aya½ dhamm±nudhammappaµipanno n±ma. Bhikkhuniy±pi eseva nayo. Yo up±sako pañca ver±ni dasa akusalakammapathe sam±d±ya vattati appeti, aya½ na dhamm±nudhammappaµipanno. Yo pana t²su saraºesu, pañcasupi s²lesu, dasasu s²lesu parip³rak±r² hoti, m±sassa aµµha uposathe karoti, d±na½ deti, gandhap³ja½ m±l±p³ja½ karoti, m±tara½ pitara½ upaµµh±ti, dhammike samaºabr±hmaºe upaµµh±ti, aya½ dhamm±nudhammappaµipanno n±ma. Up±sik±yapi eseva nayo.

Param±ya p³j±y±ti uttam±ya p³j±ya. Ayañhi nir±misap³j± n±ma sakkoti mama s±sana½ sandh±retu½. Y±va hi im± catasso paris± ma½ im±ya p³jessanti, t±va mama s±sana½ majjhe nabhassa puººacando viya virocissat²ti dasseti.