Bhikkhu-aparih±niyadhammavaººan±

136. Atha kho bhagav± acirapakkanteti-±dimhi sannip±tetv±ti d³ravih±resu iddhimante pesetv± santikavih±resu saya½ gantv±– “sannipatatha, ±yasmanto; bhagav± vo sannip±ta½ icchat²”ti sannip±tetv±. Aparih±niyeti aparih±nikare, vuddhihetubh³teti attho. Dhamme desess±m²ti candasahassa½ s³riyasahassa½ uµµhapento viya catukuµµake gehe anto telad²pasahassa½ ujj±lento viya p±kaµe katv± kathayiss±m²ti.

Tattha abhiºha½ sannip±t±ti ida½ vajjisattake vuttasadisameva. Idh±pi ca abhiºha½ asannipatit± dis±su ±gatas±sana½ na suºanti. Tato– “asukavih±ras²m± ±kul±, uposathapav±raº± µhit±, asukasmi½ µh±ne bhikkh³ vejjakammad³takamm±d²ni karonti, viññattibahul± pupphad±n±d²hi j²vika½ kappent²”ti-±d²ni na j±nanti, p±pabhikkh³pi “pamatto bhikkhusaªgho”ti ñatv± r±sibh³t± s±sana½ osakk±penti. Abhiºha½ sannipatit± pana ta½ ta½ pavatti½ suºanti, tato bhikkhusaªgha½ pesetv± s²ma½ uju½ karonti, uposathapav±raº±dayo pavatt±penti, micch±j²v±na½ ussannaµµh±ne ariyava½sake pesetv± ariyava½sa½ kath±penti, p±pabhikkh³na½ vinayadharehi niggaha½ k±r±penti, p±pabhikkh³pi “appamatto bhikkhusaªgho, na sakk± amhehi vaggabandhena vicaritun”ti bhijjitv± pal±yanti. Evamettha h±nivuddhiyo veditabb±.

Samagg±ti-±d²su cetiyapaµijagganattha½ v± bodhigeha-uposath±g±racch±danattha½ v± katikavatta½ v± µhapetuk±mat±ya ov±da½ v± d±tuk±mat±ya– “saªgho sannipatat³”ti bheriy± v± ghaºµiy± v± ±koµit±ya– “mayha½ c²varakamma½ atthi, mayha½ patto pacitabbo, mayha½ navakamma½ atth²”ti vikkhepa½ karont± na samagg± sannipatanti n±ma. Sabba½ pana ta½ kamma½ µhapetv±– “aha½ purimatara½, aha½ purimataran”ti ekappah±reneva sannipatant± samagg± sannipatanti n±ma. Sannipatit± pana cintetv± mantetv± kattabba½ katv± ekato avuµµhahant± samagg± na vuµµhahanti n±ma. Eva½ vuµµhitesu hi ye paµhama½ gacchanti, tesa½ eva½ hoti– “amhehi b±hirakath±va sut±, id±ni vinicchayakath± bhavissat²”ti. Ekappah±reneva vuµµhahant± pana samagg± vuµµhahanti n±ma. Apica “asukaµµh±ne vih±ras²m± ±kul±, uposathapav±raº± µhit±, asukaµµh±ne vejjakamm±dik±rak± p±pabhikkh³ ussann±”ti sutv±– “ko gantv± tesa½ niggaha½ karissat²”ti vutte– “aha½ paµhama½, aha½ paµhaman”ti vatv± gacchant±pi samagg± vuµµhahanti n±ma.

¾gantuka½ pana disv±– “ima½ pariveºa½ y±hi, eta½ pariveºa½ y±hi, aya½ ko”ti avatv± sabbe vatta½ karont±pi, jiººapattac²varaka½ disv± tassa bhikkh±c±ravattena pattac²vara½ pariyesam±n±pi, gil±nassa gil±nabhesajja½ pariyesam±n±pi, gil±nameva an±tha½– “asukapariveºa½ y±hi, asukapariveºa½ y±h²”ti avatv± attano attano pariveºe paµijaggant±pi, eko oliyam±nako gantho hoti, paññavanta½ bhikkhu½ saªgaºhitv± tena ta½ gantha½ ukkhip±pent±pi samagg± saªgha½ karaº²y±ni karonti n±ma.

Apaññattanti-±d²su nava½ adhammika½ katikavatta½ v± sikkh±pada½ v± bandhant± apaññatta½ paññapenti n±ma, pur±ºasanthatavatthusmi½ s±vatthiya½ bhikkh³ viya. Uddhamma½ ubbinaya½ s±sana½ d²pent± paññatta½ samucchindanti n±ma, vassasataparinibbute bhagavati ves±lik± vajjiputtak± viya. Khudd±nukhuddak± pana ±pattiyo sañcicca v²tikkamant± yath±paññattesu sikkh±padesu sam±d±ya na vattanti n±ma, assajipunabbasuk± viya. Nava½ pana katikavatta½ v± sikkh±pada½ v± abandhant±, dhammavinayato s±sana½ d²pent±, khudd±nukhuddak±ni sikkh±pad±ni asam³hanant± apaññatta½ na paññapenti, paññatta½ na samucchindanti, yath±paññattesu sikkh±padesu sam±d±ya vattanti n±ma, ±yasm± upaseno viya, ±yasm± yaso k±kaº¹akaputto viya ca.

“Suº±tu, me ±vuso saªgho, santamh±ka½ sikkh±pad±ni gihigat±ni, gihinopi j±nanti, ‘ida½ vo samaº±na½ sakyaputtiy±na½ kappati, ida½ vo na kappat²’ti. Sace hi maya½ khudd±nukhuddak±ni sikkh±pad±ni sam³haniss±ma, bhavissanti vatt±ro– ‘dh³mak±lika½ samaºena gotamena s±vak±na½ sikkh±pada½ paññatta½, y±vimesa½ satth± aµµh±si, t±vime sikkh±padesu sikkhi½su. Yato imesa½ satth± parinibbuto, na d±nime sikkh±padesu sikkhant²’ti. Yadi saªghassa pattakalla½, saªgho apaññatta½ na paññapeyya, paññatta½ na samucchindeyya, yath±paññattesu sikkh±padesu sam±d±ya vatteyy±”ti (cu¼ava. 442)–

Ima½ tanti½ µhapayanto ±yasm± mah±kassapo viya ca. Vuddhiyev±ti s²l±d²hi guºehi vu¹¹hiyeva, no parih±ni.

Ther±ti thirabh±vappatt± therak±rakehi guºehi samann±gat±. Bah³ rattiyo j±nant²ti rattaññ³. Cira½ pabbajit±na½ etesanti cirapabbajit±. Saªghassa pituµµh±ne µhit±ti saªghapitaro. Pituµµh±ne µhitatt± saªgha½ parinenti pubbaªgam± hutv± t²su sikkh±su pavattent²ti saªghapariº±yak±.

Ye tesa½ sakk±r±d²ni na karonti, ov±datth±ya dve tayo v±re upaµµh±na½ na gacchanti, tepi tesa½ ov±da½ na denti, paveº²katha½ na kathenti, s±rabh³ta½ dhammapariy±ya½ na sikkh±penti. Te tehi vissaµµh± s²l±d²hi dhammakkhandhehi sattahi ca ariyadhaneh²ti evam±d²hi guºehi parih±yanti. Ye pana tesa½ sakk±r±d²ni karonti, upaµµh±na½ gacchanti, tepi tesa½ ov±da½ denti. “Eva½ te abhikkamitabba½, eva½ te paµikkamitabba½, eva½ te ±lokitabba½, eva½ te vilokitabba½, eva½ te samiñjitabba½, eva½ te pas±ritabba½, eva½ te saªgh±µipattac²vara½ dh±retabban”ti paveº²katha½ kathenti, s±rabh³ta½ dhammapariy±ya½ sikkh±penti, terasahi dhutaªgehi dasahi kath±vatth³hi anus±santi. Te tesa½ ov±de µhatv± s²l±d²hi guºehi va¹¹ham±n± s±maññattha½ anup±puºanti. Evamettha h±nivuddhiyo veditabb±.

Punabbhavad±na½ punabbhavo, punabbhavo s²lamass±ti ponobbhavik±, punabbhavad±yik±ti attho, tasm± ponobbhavik±ya. Na vasa½ gacchant²ti ettha ye catunna½ paccay±na½ k±raº± upaµµh±k±na½ pad±nupadik± hutv± g±mato g±ma½ vicaranti, te tass± taºh±ya vasa½ gacchanti n±ma, itare na gacchanti n±ma. Tattha h±nivuddhiyo p±kaµ±yeva.

¾raññakes³ti pañcadhanusatikapacchimesu. S±pekkh±ti sataºh± s±lay±. G±mantasen±sanesu hi jh±na½ appetv±pi tato vuµµhitamattova itthipurisad±rik±disadda½ suº±ti, yenassa adhigatavisesopi h±yatiyeva. Araññe pana nidd±yitv± paµibuddhamatto s²habyagghamor±d²na½ sadda½ suº±ti, yena ±raññaka½ p²ti½ labhitv± tameva sammasanto aggaphale patiµµh±ti. Iti bhagav± g±mantasen±sane jh±na½ appetv± nisinnabhikkhuno araññe nidd±yantameva pasa½sati. Tasm± tameva atthavasa½ paµicca– “±raññakesu sen±sanesu s±pekkh± bhavissant²”ti ±ha.

Paccattaññeva sati½ upaµµhapessant²ti attan±va attano abbhantare sati½ upaµµhapessanti. Pesal±ti piyas²l±. Idh±pi sabrahmac±r²na½ ±gamana½ anicchant± nev±sik± assaddh± honti appasann± Sampattabhikkh³na½ paccuggamanapattac²varappaµiggahaºa-±sanapaññ±panat±lavaºµaggahaº±d²ni na karonti, atha nesa½ avaººo uggacchati– “asukavih±rav±sino bhikkh³ assaddh± appasann± vih±ra½ paviµµh±na½ vattapaµivatta½ na karont²”ti. Ta½ sutv± pabbajit± vih±radv±rena gacchant±pi vih±ra½ na pavisanti. Eva½ an±gat±na½ an±gamanameva hoti. ¾gat±na½ pana ph±suvih±re asati yepi aj±nitv± ±gat±, te– “vasiss±m±ti t±va cintetv± ±gat±mha, imesa½ pana nev±sik±na½ imin± n²h±rena ko vasissat²”ti nikkhamitv± gacchanti. Eva½ so vih±ro aññesa½ bhikkh³na½ an±v±sova hoti. Tato nev±sik± s²lavant±na½ dassana½ alabhant± kaªkh±vinodana½ v± ±c±rasikkh±paka½ v± madhuradhammassavana½ v± na labhanti, tesa½ neva aggahitadhammaggahaºa½, na gahitasajjh±yakaraºa½ hoti. Iti nesa½ h±niyeva hoti, na vuddhi.

Ye pana sabrahmac±r²na½ ±gamana½ icchanti, te saddh± honti pasann±, ±gat±na½ sabrahmac±r²na½ paccuggaman±d²ni katv± sen±sana½ paññapetv± denti, te gahetv± bhikkh±c±ra½ pavisanti, kaªkha½ vinodenti, madhuradhammassavana½ labhanti. Atha nesa½ kittisaddo uggacchati– “asukavih±rabhikkh³ eva½ saddh± pasann± vattasampann± saªg±hak±”ti. Ta½ sutv± bhikkh³ d³ratopi enti, tesa½ nev±sik± vatta½ karonti sam²pa½ ±gantv± vu¹¹hatara½ ±gantuka½ vanditv± nis²danti, navakatarassa santike ±sana½ gahetv± nis²danti. Nis²ditv±– “imasmi½ vih±re vasissatha gamissath±”ti pucchanti. ‘Gamiss±m²’ti vutte– “sapp±ya½ sen±sana½, sulabh± bhikkh±”ti-±d²ni vatv± gantu½ na denti. Vinayadharo ce hoti, tassa santike vinaya½ sajjh±yanti. Suttant±didharo ce, tassa santike ta½ ta½ dhamma½ sajjh±yanti. ¾gantuk±na½ ther±na½ ov±de µhatv± saha paµisambhid±hi arahatta½ p±puºanti. ¾gantuk± “eka½ dve divas±ni vasiss±m±ti ±gat±mha, imesa½ pana sukhasa½v±sat±ya dasadv±dasavass±ni vasiss±m±”ti vatt±ro honti. Evamettha h±nivuddhiyo veditabb±.

137. Dutiyasattake kamma½ ±r±mo etesanti kamm±r±m±ti. Kamme rat±ti kammarat±. Kamm±r±matamanuyutt±ti yutt± payutt± anuyutt±. Tattha kammanti itik±tabbakamma½ vuccati. Seyyathida½– c²varavic±raºa½, c²varakaraºa½, upatthambhana½, s³cighara½, pattatthavika½, asa½baddhaka½, k±yabandhana½, dhamakaraºa½, ±dh±raka½, p±dakathalika½, sammajjan²-±d²na½ karaºanti. Ekacco hi et±ni karonto sakaladivasa½ et±neva karoti. Ta½ sandh±yesa paµikkhepo. Yo pana etesa½ karaºavel±yameva et±ni karoti, uddesavel±ya½ uddesa½ gaºh±ti, sajjh±yavel±ya½ sajjh±yati, cetiyaªgaºavattavel±ya½ cetiyaªgaºavatta½ karoti, manasik±ravel±ya½ manasik±ra½ karoti, na so kamm±r±mo n±ma.

Na bhass±r±m±ti ettha yo itthivaººapurisavaºº±divasena ±l±pasall±pa½ karontoyeva divasañca rattiñca v²tin±meti, evar³pe bhasse pariyantak±r² na hoti, aya½ bhass±r±mo n±ma. Yo pana rattindiva½ dhamma½ katheti, pañha½ vissajjeti, aya½ appabhassova bhasse pariyantak±r²yeva. Kasm±? “Sannipatit±na½ vo, bhikkhave, dvaya½ karaº²ya½– dhamm² v± kath±, ariyo v± tuºh²bh±vo”ti (ma. ni. 1.273) vuttatt±.

Na nidd±r±m±ti ettha yo gacchantopi nisinnopi nipannopi thinamiddh±bhibh³to nidd±yatiyeva, aya½ nidd±r±mo n±ma. Yassa pana karajak±yagelaññena citta½ bhavaªge otarati n±ya½ nidd±r±mo. Tenev±ha– “abhij±n±maha½ aggivessana, gimh±na½ pacchime m±se pacch±bhatta½ piº¹ap±tappaµikkanto catugguºa½ saªgh±µi½ paññapetv± dakkhiºena passena sato sampaj±no nidda½ okkamit±”ti (ma. ni. 1.387).

Na saªgaºik±r±m±ti ettha yo ekassa dutiyo dvinna½ tatiyo tiººa½ catutthoti eva½ sa½saµµhova viharati, ekako ass±da½ na labhati, aya½ saªgaºik±r±mo. Yo pana cat³su iriy±pathesu ekako ass±da½ labhati, n±ya½ saªgaºik±r±moti veditabbo.