2. Mah±nid±nasuttavaººan±

Nid±navaººan±

95. Eva½ me suta½…pe… kur³s³ti mah±nid±nasutta½. Tatr±ya½ anutt±napadavaººan±. Kur³su viharat²ti kur³ n±ma j±napadino r±jakum±r±, tesa½ niv±so ekopi janapado ru¼h²saddena “kur³”ti vuccati. Tasmi½ kur³su janapade. Aµµhakath±cariy± pan±hu– mandh±tuk±le t²su d²pesu manuss± “jambud²po n±ma buddhapaccekabuddhamah±s±vakacakkavattippabhut²na½ uttamamanuss±na½ uppattibh³mi uttamad²po atiramaº²yo”ti sutv± raññ± mandh±tucakkavattin± cakkaratana½ purakkhatv± catt±ro d²pe anusa½y±yantena saddhi½ ±gama½su. Tato r±j± pariº±yakaratana½ pucchi– “atthi nu kho manussalokato ramaº²yatara½ µh±nan”ti. Kasm± deva eva½ bhaºasi? Ki½ na passasi candimas³riy±na½ ±nubh±va½, nanu etesa½ µh±na½ ito ramaº²yataranti? R±j± cakkaratana½ purakkhatv± tattha agam±si. Catt±ro mah±r±j±no– “mandh±tumah±r±j± ±gato”ti sutv±va “mahiddhiko mah±nubh±vo r±j±, na sakk± yuddhena paµib±hitun”ti saka½ rajja½ niyy±tesu½. So ta½ gahetv± puna pucchi– “atthi nu kho ito ramaº²yatara½ µh±nan”ti?

Athassa t±vati½sabhavana½ kathayi½su. “T±vati½sabhavana½, deva, ito ramaº²yatara½. Tattha sakkassa devarañño ime catt±ro mah±r±j±no paric±rak± dov±rikabh³miya½ tiµµhanti, sakko devar±j± mahiddhiko mah±nubh±vo, tassim±ni upabhogaµµh±n±ni– yojanasahassubbedho vejayanto p±s±do, pañcayojanasatubbedh± sudhamm± devasabh±, diya¹¹hayojanasatiko vejayantaratho tath± er±vaºo hatth² dibbarukkhasahassappaµimaº¹ita½ nandanavana½, cittalat±vana½, ph±rusakavana½, missakavana½, yojanasatubbedho p±ricchattako kovi¼±ro, tassa heµµh± saµµhiyojan±y±m± paññ±sayojanavitthat± pañcadasayojanubbedh± jayakusumapupphavaºº± paº¹ukambalasil±, yass± mudut±ya sakkassa nis²dato upa¹¹hak±yo anupavisat²”ti.

Ta½ sutv± r±j± tattha gantuk±mo cakkaratana½ abbhukkiri. Ta½ ±k±se patiµµh±si saddhi½ caturaªginiy± sen±ya. Atha dvinna½ devalok±na½ vemajjhato cakkaratana½ otaritv± pathaviya½ patiµµh±si saddhi½ pariº±yakaratanapamukh±ya caturaªginiy± sen±ya. R±j± ekakova t±vati½sabhavana½ agam±si. Sakko– “mandh±t± ±gato”ti sutv±va tassa paccuggamana½ katv±– “sv±gata½, te mah±r±ja, saka½ te mah±r±ja, anus±sa mah±r±j±”ti vatv± saddhi½ n±µakehi rajja½ dve bh±ge katv± eka½ bh±gamad±si. Rañño t±vati½sabhavane patiµµhitamattasseva manussabh±vo vigacchi, devabh±vo p±turahosi. Tassa kira sakkena saddhi½ paº¹ukambalasil±ya½ nisinnassa akkhinimisamattena n±natta½ paññ±yati. Ta½ asallakkhent± dev± sakkassa ca tassa ca n±natte muyhanti. So tattha dibbasampatti½ anubhavam±no y±va chatti½sa sakk± uppajjitv± cut±, t±va rajja½ k±retv± atittova k±mehi tato cavitv± attano uyy±ne patiµµhito v±t±tapena phuµµhagatto k±lamak±si.

Cakkaratane pana puna pathaviya½ patiµµhite pariº±yakaratana½ suvaººapaµµe mandh±tu up±hana½ likh±petv± ida½ mandh±tu rajjanti rajjamanus±si. Tepi t²hi d²pehi ±gatamanuss± puna gantu½ asakkont± pariº±yakaratana½ upasaªkamitv±– “deva, maya½ rañño ±nubh±vena ±gat±, id±ni gantu½ na sakkoma, vasanaµµh±na½ no deh²”ti y±ci½su. So tesa½ ekameka½ janapadamad±si. Tattha pubbavidehato ±gatamanussehi ±vasitapadeso t±yeva purimasaññ±ya– “videharaµµhan”ti n±ma½ labhi, aparagoy±nato ±gatamanussehi ±vasitapadeso “aparantajanapado”ti n±ma½ labhi, uttarakuruto ±gatamanussehi ±vasitapadeso “kururaµµhan”ti n±ma½ labhi, bahuke pana g±manigam±dayo up±d±ya bahuvacanena vohariyati. Tena vutta½– “kur³su viharat²”ti.

Kamm±sadhamma½ n±ma kur³na½ nigamoti kamm±sadhammanti ettha keci dha-k±rassa da-k±rena attha½ vaººayanti. Kamm±so ettha damitoti kamm±sadammo. Kamm±soti kamm±sap±do poris±do vuccati. Tassa kira p±de kh±ºukena viddhaµµh±ne vaºo ruhanto cittad±rusadiso hutv± ruhi. Tasm± kamm±sap±doti paññ±yittha. So ca tasmi½ ok±se damito poris±dabh±vato paµisedhito Kena? Mah±sattena. Katarasmi½ j±taketi? Mah±sutasomaj±taketi eke. Ime pana ther± jayaddisaj±taketi vadanti. Tad± hi mah±sattena kamm±sap±do damito. Yath±ha–

“Putto yad± homi jayaddisassa;
pañc±laraµµhadhipatissa atrajo;
cajitv±na p±ºa½ pitara½ pamocayi½;
kamm±sap±dampi caha½ pas±dayin”ti.

Keci pana dha-k±reneva attha½ vaººayanti. Kur³raµµhav±s²na½ kira kuruvattadhammo, tasmi½ kamm±so j±to, tasm± ta½ µh±na½ kamm±so ettha dhammo j±toti kamm±sadhammanti vuccati. Tattha niviµµhanigamass±pi etadeva n±ma½. Bhummavacanena kasm± na vuttanti. Avasanok±sato. Bhagavato kira tasmi½ nigame vasanok±so koci vih±ro n±ma n±hosi. Nigamato pana apakkamma aññatarasmi½ udakasampanne ramaº²ye bh³mibh±ge mah±vanasaº¹o ahosi tattha bhagav± vih±si, ta½ nigama½ gocarag±ma½ katv±. Tasm± evamettha attho veditabbo– “kur³su viharati kamm±sadhamma½ n±ma kur³na½ nigamo, ta½ gocarag±ma½ katv±”ti.

¾yasm±ti piyavacanameta½, g±ravavacanameta½. ¾nandoti tassa therassa n±ma½. Ekamantanti bh±vanapu½sakaniddeso– “visama½ candimas³riy± parivattant²”ti-±d²su (a. ni. 4.70) viya. Tasm± yath± nisinno ekamanta½ nisinno hoti, tath± nis²d²ti evamettha attho daµµhabbo. Bhummatthe v± eta½ upayogavacana½ nis²d²ti up±visi. Paº¹it± hi garuµµh±niya½ upasaªkamitv± ±sanakusalat±ya ekamanta½ nis²danti. Ayañca tesa½ aññataro, tasm± ekamanta½ nis²di.

Katha½ nisinno kho pana ekamanta½ nisinno hot²ti? Cha nisajjadose vajjetv±. Seyyathida½– atid³ra½, acc±sanna½, upariv±ta½, unnatappadesa½, atisammukha½, atipacch±ti. Atid³re nisinno hi sace kathetuk±mo hoti, ucc±saddena kathetabba½ hoti. Acc±sanne nisinno saªghaµµana½ karoti. Upariv±te nisinno sar²ragandhena b±dhati. Unnatappadese nisinno ag±rava½ pak±seti. Atisammukh± nisinno sace daµµhuk±mo hoti, cakkhun± cakkhu½ ±hacca daµµhabba½ hoti. Atipacch± nisinno sace daµµhuk±mo hoti, g²va½ parivattetv± daµµhabba½ hoti. Tasm± ayampi tikkhattu½ bhagavanta½ padakkhiºa½ katv± sakkacca½ vanditv± ete cha nisajjadose vajjetv± dakkhiºaj±ºumaº¹alassa abhimukhaµµh±ne chabbaºº±na½ buddharasm²na½ anto pavisitv± pasannal±kh±rasa½ vig±hanto viya suvaººapaµa½ p±rupanto viya rattuppalam±l±vit±namajjha½ pavisanto viya ca dhammabhaº¹±g±riko ±yasm± ±nando nis²di. Tena vutta½– “ekamanta½ nis²d²”ti.

K±ya pana vel±ya, kena k±raºena ayam±yasm± bhagavanta½ upasaªkamantoti? S±yanhavel±ya½ paccay±k±rapañhapucchanak±raºena. Ta½ divasa½ kir±yam±yasm± kulasaªgahatth±ya gharadv±re gharadv±re sahassabhaº¹ika½ nikkhipanto viya kamm±sadhammag±ma½ piº¹±ya caritv± piº¹ap±tapaµikkanto satthu vatta½ dassetv± satthari gandhakuµi½ paviµµhe satth±ra½ vanditv± attano div±µµh±na½ gantv± antev±sikesu vatta½ dassetv± paµikkantesu div±µµh±na½ paµisammajjitv± cammakkhaº¹a½ paññapetv± udakatumbato udaka½ gahetv± udakena hatthap±de s²tale katv± pallaªka½ ±bhujitv± nisinno sot±pattiphalasam±patti½ sam±pajji. Atha paricchinnak±lavasena sam±pattito uµµh±ya paccay±k±re ñ±ºa½ ot±resi. So– “avijj±paccay± saªkh±r±”ti-±dito paµµh±ya anta½, antato paµµh±ya ±di½, ubhayantato paµµh±ya majjha½, majjhato paµµh±ya ubho ante p±pento tikkhattu½ dv±dasapada½ paccay±k±ra½ sammasi. Tasseva½ sammasantassa paccay±k±ro vibh³to hutv± utt±nakutt±nako viya upaµµh±si.

Tato cintesi– “aya½ paccay±k±ro sabbabuddhehi– ‘gambh²ro ceva gambh²r±vabh±so c±’ti kathito, mayha½ kho pana padesañ±ºe µhitassa s±vakassa sato utt±no vibh³to p±kaµo hutv± upaµµh±ti, mayha½yeva nu kho esa utt±nako hutv± upaµµh±ti, ud±hu aññesamp²”ti? Athassa etadahosi– “hand±ha½ ima½ pañha½ gahetv± bhagavanta½ pucch±mi, addh± me bhagav± ima½ atthuppatti½ katv± s±linda½ sineru½ ukkhipanto viya eka½ suttantakatha½ kathetv± dassessati. Buddh±nañhi vinayapaññatti½, bhummantara½, paccay±k±ra½, samayantaranti im±ni catt±ri µh±n±ni patv± gajjita½ mahanta½ hoti, ñ±ºa½ anupavisati, buddhañ±ºassa mahantabh±vo paññ±yati, desan± gambh²r± hoti tilakkhaºabbh±hat± suññatapaµisa½yutt±”ti.

So kiñc±pi pakatiy±va ekadivase satav±rampi sahassav±rampi bhagavanta½ upasaªkamanto na ahetu-ak±raºena upasaªkamati, ta½ divasa½ pana ima½ pañha½ gahetv±– “ima½ buddhagandhahatthi½ ±pajja ñ±ºakoñcan±da½ soss±mi, buddhas²ha½ ±pajja ñ±ºas²han±da½ soss±mi, buddhasindhava½ ±pajja ñ±ºapadavikkama½ passiss±m²”ti cintetv± div±µµh±n± uµµh±ya cammakkhaº¹a½ papphoµetv± ±d±ya s±yanhasamaye bhagavanta½ upasaªkami. Tena vutta½– “s±yanhavel±ya½ paccay±k±rapañhapucchanak±raºena upasaªkamanto”ti.

Y±va gambh²roti ettha y±vasaddo pam±º±tikkame, atikkamma pam±ºa½ gambh²ro, atigambh²roti attho. Gambh²r±vabh±soti gambh²rova hutv± avabh±sati, dissat²ti attho. Ekañhi utt±nameva gambh²r±vabh±sa½ hoti p³tipaºº±divasena k±¼avaººapur±ºa-udaka½ viya. Tañhi j±ºuppam±ºampi sataporisa½ viya dissati. Eka½ gambh²ra½ utt±n±vabh±sa½ hoti maºigaªg±ya vippasanna-udaka½ viya. Tañhi sataporisampi j±ºuppam±ºa½ viya kh±yati. Eka½ utt±na½ utt±n±vabh±sa½ hoti c±µi-±d²su udaka½ viya. Eka½ gambh²ra½ gambh²r±vabh±sa½ hoti sinerup±dakamah±samudde udaka½ viya. Eva½ udakameva catt±ri n±m±ni labhati. Paµiccasamupp±de paneta½ natthi. Ayañhi gambh²ro ceva gambh²r±vabh±so c±ti ekameva n±ma½ labhati. Evar³po sam±nopi atha ca pana me utt±nakutt±nako viya kh±yati, yadida½ acchariya½, bhante, abbhuta½ bhanteti. Eva½ attano vimhaya½ pak±sento pañha½ pucchitv± tuºh²bh³to nis²di.

Bhagav± tassa vacana½ sutv±– “±nando bhavaggaggahaº±ya hattha½ pas±rento viya, sineru½ chinditv± miñja½ n²haritu½ v±yamam±no viya, vin± n±v±ya mah±samudda½ tarituk±mo viya, pathavi½ parivattetv± pathavoja½ gahetu½ v±yamam±no viya buddhavisayapañha½ attano utt±na½ vadati. Handassa gambh²rabh±va½ ±cikkhiss±m²”ti cintetv± m± hevanti-±dim±ha.

Tattha m± hevanti ha-k±ro nip±tamatta½. Eva½ m± bhaº²ti attho. M± hevanti ca ida½ vacana½ bhagav± ±yasmanta½ ±nanda½ uss±dentopi bhaºati apas±dentopi.