Dvatti½samah±purisalakkhaºavaººan±
33. Addasa khoti duk³lacumbaµake nipajj±petv± ±n²ta½ addasa. Mah±purisass±ti j±tigottakulapades±divasena mahantassa purisassa. Dve gatiyoti dve niµµh±, dve nipphattiyo. Ayañhi gatisaddo– “pañca kho im±, s±riputta, gatiyo”ti (ma. ni. 1.153) ettha niray±dibhed±ya sattehi gantabbagatiy± vattati. “Imesa½ kho aha½ bhikkh³na½ s²lavant±na½ kaly±ºadhamm±na½ neva j±n±mi ±gati½ v± gati½ v±”ti (ma. ni. 1.508) ettha ajjh±saye. “Nibb±na½ arahato gat²”ti (pari. 339) ettha paµissaraºe. “Api ca ty±ha½ brahme gatiñca paj±n±mi, jutiñca paj±n±mi eva½mahiddhiko bako brahm±”ti (ma. ni. 1.503) ettha nipphattiya½ vattati. Sv±yamidh±pi nipphattiya½ vattat²ti veditabbo. Anaññ±ti aññ± gati nipphatti n±ma natthi. Dhammikoti dasakusaladhammasamann±gato agatigamanavirahito. Dhammar±j±ti ida½ purimapadasseva vevacana½. Dhammena v± laddharajjatt± dhammar±j±. C±turantoti puratthimasamudd±d²na½ catunna½ samudd±na½ vasena caturant±ya pathaviy± issaro. Vijit±v²ti vijitasaªg±mo. Janapado asmi½ th±variya½ thirabh±va½ pattoti janapadatth±variyappatto. Caº¹assa hi rañño balidaº¹±d²hi loka½ p²¼ayato manuss± majjhimajanapada½ cha¹¹etv± pabbatasamuddat²r±d²ni niss±ya paccante v±sa½ kappenti. Atimudukassa rañño corehi s±hasikadhanavilopap²¼it± manuss± paccanta½ pah±ya janapadamajjhe v±sa½ kappenti, iti evar³pe r±jini janapado thirabh±va½ na p±puº±ti. Imasmi½ pana kum±re rajja½ k±rayam±ne etassa janapado p±s±ºapiµµhiya½ µhapetv± ayopaµµena parikkhitto viya thiro bhavissat²ti dassento– “janapadatth±variyappatto”ti ±ha½su. Sattaratanasamann±gatoti ettha ratijananaµµhena ratana½. Apica–
“Citt²kata½ mahagghañca, atula½ dullabhadassana½;
anomasattaparibhoga½, ratana½ tena vuccati”.
Cakkaratanassa ca nibbattak±lato paµµh±ya añña½ devaµµh±na½ n±ma na hoti, sabbe gandhapupph±d²hi tasseva p³jañca abhiv±dan±d²ni ca karont²ti citt²kataµµhena ratana½. Cakkaratanassa ca ettaka½ n±ma dhana½ agghat²ti aggho natthi, iti mahagghaµµhen±pi ratana½. Cakkaratanañca aññehi loke vijjam±naratanehi asadisanti atulaµµhen±pi ratana½. Yasm± ca pana yasmi½ kappe buddh± uppajjanti, tasmi½yeva cakkavattino uppajjanti, buddh± ca kad±ci karahaci uppajjanti, tasm± dullabhadassanaµµhen±pi ratana½. Tadeta½ j±tir³pakula-issariy±d²hi anomassa u¼±rasattasseva uppajjati, na aññass±ti anomasattaparibhogaµµhen±pi ratana½. Yath± cakkaratana½, eva½ ses±nip²ti. Imehi sattahi ratanehi pariv±rabh±vena ceva sabbabhog³pakaraºabh±vena ca samann±gatoti sattaratanasamann±gato. Id±ni tesa½ sar³pato dassanattha½ tassim±n²ti-±di vutta½. Tattha cakkaratananti-±d²su aya½ saªkhep±dhipp±yo– dvesahassad²papariv±r±na½ catunna½ mah±d²p±na½ sirivibhava½ gahetv± d±tu½ samattha½ cakkaratana½ p±tubhavati. Tath± purebhattameva s±garapariyanta½ pathavi½ anusa½y±yanasamattha½ veh±saªgama½ hatthiratana½, t±disameva assaratana½, caturaªgasamann±gate andhak±re yojanappam±ºa½ andhak±ra½ vidhamitv± ±lokadassanasamattha½ maºiratana½, chabbidhadosavivajjita½ man±pac±ri itthiratana½, yojanappam±ºe antopathavigata½ nidhi½ dassanasamattha½ gahapatiratana½, aggamahesiy± kucchimhi nibbattitv± sakalarajjamanus±sanasamattha½ jeµµhaputtasaªkh±ta½ pariº±yakaratana½ p±tubhavati. Parosahassanti atirekasahassa½. S³r±ti abh²ruk±. V²raªgar³p±ti v²r±na½ aªga½ v²raªga½, v²riyasseta½ n±ma½, v²raªga½ r³pametesanti v²raªgar³p±, v²riyaj±tik± v²riyasabh±v± v²riyamay± akil±suno ahesu½. Divasampi yujjhant± na kilamant²ti vutta½ hoti. S±garapariyantanti cakkav±¼apabbata½ s²ma½ katv± µhitasamuddapariyanta½. Adaº¹en±ti ye kat±par±dhe satte satampi sahassampi gaºhanti, te dhanadaº¹ena rajja½ k±renti. Ye chejjabhejja½ anus±santi, te satthadaº¹ena. Aya½ pana duvidhampi daº¹a½ pah±ya adaº¹ena ajjh±vasati. Asatthen±ti ye ekatodh±r±din± satthena para½ vihesanti, te satthena rajja½ k±renti n±ma. Aya½ pana satthena khuddamakkhik±yapi pivanamatta½ lohita½ kassaci anupp±detv± dhammeneva– “ehi kho mah±r±j±”ti eva½ paµir±j³hi sampaµicchit±gamano vuttappak±ra½ pathavi½ abhivijinitv± ajjh±vasati, abhibhavitv± s±m² hutv± vasat²ti attho. Eva½ eka½ nipphatti½ kathetv± dutiya½ kathetu½ sace kho pan±ti-±di vutta½. Tattha r±gadosamoham±nadiµµhikilesataºh±saªkh±ta½ chadana½ ±varaºa½ vivaµa½ viddha½sita½ vivaµaka½ eten±ti vivaµacchado. “Vivaµµacchad±”tipi p±µho, ayameva attho. 35. Eva½ dutiya½ nipphatti½ kathetv± t±sa½ nimittabh³t±ni lakkhaº±ni dassetu½ ayañhi, deva, kum±roti-±di vutta½. Tattha suppatiµµhitap±doti yath± aññesa½ bh³miya½ p±da½ µhapent±na½ aggap±datala½ v± paºhi v± passa½ v± paµhama½ phusati, vemajjhe v± pana chidda½ hoti, ukkhipant±na½ aggatal±d²su ekakoµµh±sova paµhama½ uµµhahati, na evamassa. Assa pana suvaººap±dukatalamiva ekappah±reneva sakala½ p±datala½ bh³mi½ phusati, ekappah±reneva bh³mito uµµhahati. Tasm± aya½ suppatiµµhitap±do. Cakk±n²ti dv²su p±datalesu dve cakk±ni, tesa½ ar± ca nemi ca n±bhi ca p±¼iya½ vutt±va. Sabb±k±raparip³r±n²ti imin± pana aya½ viseso veditabbo, tesa½ kira cakk±na½ p±datalassa majjhe n±bhi dissati, n±bhiparicchinn± vaµµalekh± dissati, n±bhimukhaparikkhepapaµµo dissati, pan±¼imukha½ dissati, ar± dissanti, aresu vaµµilekh± dissanti, nemimaºik± dissanti. Ida½ t±va p±¼iya½ ±gatameva. Sambahulav±ro pana an±gato, so eva½ daµµhabbo– satti, sirivaccho, nandi, sovattiko, vaµa½sako, va¹¹ham±naka½, macchayuga¼a½, bhaddap²µha½, aªkusako, p±s±do, toraºa½, setacchatta½, khaggo, t±lavaºµa½, morahatthako, v±¼ab²jan², uºh²sa½, maºi, patto, sumanad±ma½, n²luppala½, rattuppala½, setuppala½, paduma½, puº¹ar²ka½, puººaghaµo puººap±ti, samuddo, cakkav±¼o, himav±, sineru, candimas³riy±, nakkhatt±ni, catt±ro mah±d²p±, dviparittad²pasahass±ni, antamaso cakkavattirañño parisa½ up±d±ya sabbo cakkalakkhaºasseva pariv±ro. ¾yatapaºh²ti d²ghapaºhi, paripuººapaºh²ti attho. Yath± hi aññesa½ aggap±do d²gho hoti, paºhimatthake jaªgh± patiµµh±ti, paºhi½ tacchetv± µhapit± viya hoti, na eva½ mah±purisassa. Mah±purisassa pana cat³su koµµh±sesu dve koµµh±s± aggap±do hoti, tatiye koµµh±se jaªgh± patiµµh±ti, catutthakoµµh±se ±raggena vaµµetv± µhapit± viya rattakambalageº¹ukasadis± paºhi hoti. D²ghaªgul²ti yath± aññesa½ k±ci aªguliyo d²gh± honti, k±ci rass±, na eva½ mah±purisassa. Mah±purisassa pana makkaµasseva d²gh± hatthap±daªguliyo m³le th³l±, anupubbena gantv± agge tanuk±, niyy±satelena madditv± vaµµitaharit±lavaµµisadis± honti. Tena vutta½– “d²ghaªgul²”ti. Mudutalunahatthap±doti sappimaº¹e os±retv± µhapita½ satav±ravihatakapp±sapaµala½ viya mudu. Yath± ca id±ni j±tamattassa, eva½ vu¹¹hak±lepi mudutalun±yeva bhavissanti, mudutalun± hatthap±d± etass±ti mudutalunahatthap±do. J±lahatthap±doti na cammena paµibaddha-aªgulantaro. Ediso hi phaºahatthako purisadosena upahato pabbajja½ na paµilabhati. Mah±purisassa pana catasso hatthaªguliyo pañcapi p±daªguliyo ekappam±º± honti, t±sa½ ekappam±ºat±ya yavalakkhaºa½ aññamañña½ paµivijjhitv± tiµµhati. Athassa hatthap±d± kusalena va¹¹hakin± yojitaj±lav±tap±nasadis± honti. Tena vutta½– “j±lahatthap±do”ti. Uddha½ patiµµhitagopphakatt± ussaªkh± p±d± ass±ti ussaªkhap±do. Aññesañhi piµµhip±de gopphak± honti, tena tesa½ p±d± ±ºibaddh± viya baddh± honti, na yath±sukha½ parivaµµanti, gacchant±na½ p±datal±nipi na dissanti. Mah±purisassa pana ±ruhitv± upari gopphak± patiµµhahanti, tenassa n±bhito paµµh±ya uparimak±yo n±v±ya µhapitasuvaººapaµim± viya niccalo hoti, adhok±yova iñjati, sukhena p±d± parivaµµanti, puratopi pacchatopi ubhayapassesupi µhatv± passant±na½ p±datal±ni paññ±yanti, na hatth²na½ viya pacchatoyeva. Eºijaªghoti eºimigasadisajaªgho ma½sussadena paripuººajaªgho, na ekato baddhapiº¹ikama½so samantato samasaºµhitena ma½sena parikkhitt±hi suvaµµit±hi s±ligabbhayavagabbhasadis±hi jaªgh±hi samann±gatoti attho. Anonamantoti anamanto, etenassa akhujja-av±manabh±vo d²pito. Avasesajan± hi khujj± v± honti v±man± v±. Khujj±na½ uparimak±yo aparipuººo hoti, v±man±na½ heµµhimak±yo. Te aparipuººak±yatt± na sakkonti anonamant± jaººuk±ni parimajjitu½. Mah±puriso pana paripuººa-ubhayak±yatt± sakkoti. Kosohitavatthaguyhoti usabhav±raº±d²na½ viya suvaººapadumakaººikasadisehi kosehi ohita½ paµicchanna½ vatthaguyha½ ass±ti kosohitavatthaguyho. Vatthaguyhanti vatthena guhitabba½ aªgaj±ta½ vuccati. Suvaººavaººoti j±tihiªgulakena majjitv± d²pid±µh±ya gha½sitv± gerukaparikamma½ katv± µhapitaghanasuvaººar³pasadisoti attho. Etenassa ghanasiniddhasaºhasar²rata½ dassetv± chavivaººadassanattha½ kañcanasannibhattacoti vutta½. Purimassa v± vevacanameta½. Rajojallanti rajo v± mala½ v±. Na upalimpat²ti na laggati padumapal±sato udakabindu viya vivaµµati. Hatthadhovan±d²ni pana utuggahaºatth±ya ceva d±yak±na½ puññaphalatth±ya ca buddh± karonti, vattas²sen±pi ca karontiyeva. Sen±sana½ pavisantena hi bhikkhun± p±de dhovitv± pavisitabbanti vuttameta½. Uddhaggalomoti ±vaµµapariyos±ne uddhagg±ni hutv± mukhasobha½ ullokayam±n±ni viya µhit±ni lom±ni ass±ti uddhaggalomo. Brahmujugattoti brahm± viya ujugatto, ujumeva uggatad²ghasar²ro bhavissati. Yebhuyyena hi satt± khandhe kaµiya½ j±º³s³ti t²su µh±nesu namanti, te kaµiya½ namant± pacchato namanti, itaresu dv²su µh±nesu purato. D²ghasar²r± pana eke passavaªk± honti, eke mukha½ unnametv± nakkhatt±ni gaºayant± viya caranti, eke appama½salohit± s³lasadis± honti, eke purato pabbh±r± honti, pavedham±n± gacchanti. Aya½ pana ujumeva uggantv± d²ghappam±ºo devanagare ussitasuvaººatoraºa½ viya bhavissat²ti d²penti. Yath± ceta½, eva½ ya½ ya½ j±tamattassa sabbaso aparipuººa½ mah±purisalakkhaºa½ hoti, ta½ ta½ ±yati½ tath±bh±vita½ sandh±ya vuttanti veditabba½. Sattussadoti dve hatthapiµµhiyo dve p±dapiµµhiyo dve a½sak³µ±ni khandhoti imesu sattasu µh±nesu paripuººo ma½sussado ass±ti sattussado. Aññesa½ pana hatthap±dapiµµh±d²su sir±j±la½ paññ±yati, a½sak³µakkhandhesu aµµhikoµiyo. Te manuss± pet± viya kh±yanti, na tath± mah±puriso, mah±puriso pana sattasu µh±nesu paripuººama½sussadatt± nig³¼hasir±j±lehi hatthapiµµh±d²hi vaµµetv± suµµhapitasuvaºº±¼iªgasadisena khandhena sil±r³paka½ viya kh±yati, cittakammar³paka½ viya ca kh±yati. S²hassa pubbaddha½ viya k±yo ass±ti s²hapubbaddhak±yo. S²hassa hi puratthimak±yova paripuººo hoti, pacchimak±yo aparipuººo. Mah±purisassa pana s²hassa pubbaddhak±yo viya sabbo k±yo paripuººo. Sopi s²hasseva tattha tattha vinatunnat±divasena dussaºµhitavisaºµhito na hoti, d²ghayuttaµµh±ne pana d²gho, rassath³lakisaputhula-anuvaµµitayuttaµµh±nesu tath±vidhova hoti. Vuttañheta½ bhagavat±–
“Man±piyeva kho, bhikkhave, kammavip±ke paccupaµµhite yehi aªgehi d²ghehi sobhati, t±ni aªg±ni d²gh±ni saºµhanti. Yehi aªgehi rassehi sobhati, t±ni aªg±ni rass±ni saºµhanti. Yehi aªgehi th³lehi sobhati, t±ni aªg±ni th³l±ni saºµhanti. Yehi aªgehi kisehi sobhati, t±ni aªg±ni kis±ni saºµµhanti. Yehi aªgehi puthulehi sobhati, t±ni aªg±ni puthul±ni saºµhanti. Yehi aªgehi vaµµehi sobhati, t±ni aªg±ni vaµµ±ni saºµhant²”ti.
Iti n±n±cittena puññacittena cittito dasahi p±ram²hi sajjito mah±purisassa attabh±vo, loke sabbasippino v± sabba-iddhimanto v± patir³pakampi k±tu½ na sakkonti. Citantara½soti antara½sa½ vuccati dvinna½ koµµ±na½ antara½, ta½ cita½ paripuººa½ antara½sa½ ass±ti citantara½so. Aññesañhi ta½ µh±na½ ninna½ hoti, dve piµµhikoµµ± p±µiyekk± paññ±yanti. Mah±purisassa pana kaµito paµµh±ya ma½sapaµala½ y±va khandh± uggamma samussitasuvaººaphalaka½ viya piµµhi½ ch±detv± patiµµhita½. Nigrodhaparimaº¹aloti nigrodho viya parimaº¹alo. Yath± paññ±sahatthat±ya v± satahatthat±ya v± samakkhandhas±kho nigrodho d²ghatopi vitth±ratopi ekappam±ºova hoti, eva½ k±yatopi by±matopi ekappam±ºo. Yath± aññesa½ k±yo d²gho v± hoti by±mo v±, na eva½ visamappam±ºoti attho. Teneva y±vatakvassa k±yoti-±di vutta½. Tattha y±vatako ass±ti y±vatakvassa. Samavaµµakkhandhoti samavaµµitakkhandho. Yath± eke koñc± viya ca bak± viya ca var±h± viya ca d²ghagal± vaªkagal± puthulagal± ca honti kathanak±le sir±j±la½ paññ±yati, mando saro nikkhamati, na eva½ mah±purisassa. Mah±purisassa pana suvaµµitasuvaºº±¼iªgasadiso khandho hoti, kathanak±le sir±j±la½ na paññ±yati, meghassa viya gajjito saro mah± hoti. Rasaggasagg²ti ettha rasa½ gasanti harant²ti rasaggas±. Rasaharaº²nameta½ adhivacana½, t± agg± ass±ti rasaggasagg². Mah±purisassa kira sattarasaharaº²sahass±ni uddhagg±ni hutv± g²v±yameva paµimukk±ni. Tilaphalamattopi ±h±ro jivhagge µhapito sabbak±ya½ anupharati. Teneva mah±padh±na½ padahantassa ekataº¹ul±d²hipi ka¼±yay³sapasatamatten±pi k±yassa y±pana½ ahosi. Aññesa½ pana tath± abh±v± na sakala½ k±ya½ oj± pharati. Tena te bahv±b±dh± honti. S²hasseva hanu ass±ti s²hahanu. Tattha s²hassa heµµhimahanumeva paripuººa½ hoti, na uparima½. Mah±purisassa pana s²hassa heµµhima½ viya dvepi paripuºº±ni dv±dasiy± pakkhassa candasadis±ni honti. Atha nemittak± hanukapariyanta½ olokent±va imesu hanukesu heµµhime v²sati uparime v²sat²ti catt±l²sadant± sam± avira¼± patiµµhahissant²ti sallakkhetv± ayañhi deva, kum±ro catt±l²sadanto hot²ti-±dim±ha½su. Tatr±yamattho, aññesañhi paripuººadant±nampi dvatti½sa dant± honti. Imassa pana catt±l²sa½ bhavissanti. Aññesañca keci dant± ucc±, keci n²c±ti visam± honti, imassa pana ayapaµµakena chinnasaªkhapaµala½ viya sam± bhavissanti. Aññesa½ kumbhil±na½ viya dant± vira¼± honti, macchama½s±ni kh±dant±na½ dantantara½ p³renti. Imassa pana kanakaphalak±ya½ samussitavajirapanti viya avira¼± t³lik±ya dassitaparicched± viya dant± bhavissanti. Aññesañca p³tidant± uµµhahanti. Tena k±ci d±µh± k±¼±pi vivaºº±pi honti. Aya½ pana suµµhu sukkad±µho osadhit±rakampi atikkamma virocam±n±ya pabh±ya samann±gatad±µho bhavissati. Pah³tajivhoti puthulajivho. Aññesa½ jivh± th³l±pi honti kis±pi rass±pi thaddh±pi visam±pi, mah±purisassa pana jivh± mudu d²gh± puthul± vaººasampann± hoti. So hi eta½ lakkhaºa½ pariyesitu½ ±gat±na½ kaªkh±vinodanattha½ mudukatt± ta½ jivha½ kathinas³ci½ viya vaµµetv± ubho n±sikasot±ni par±masati, d²ghatt± ubho kaººasot±ni par±masati puthulatt± kesantapariyos±na½ kevalampi nal±µa½ paµicch±deti. Evamassa mudud²ghaputhulabh±va½ pak±sento tesa½ kaªkha½ vinodeti. Eva½ tilakkhaºasampanna½ jivha½ sandh±ya “pah³tajivho”ti vutta½. Brahmassaroti aññe chinnassar±pi bhinnassar±pi k±kassar±pi honti, aya½ pana mah±brahmuno sarasadisena sarena samann±gato bhavissati, mah±brahmuno hi pittasemhehi apalibuddhatt± saro visado hoti. Mah±purisen±pi katakamma½ tassa vatthu½ sodheti. Vatthuno suddhatt± n±bhito paµµh±ya samuµµhahanto saro visado aµµhaªgasamann±gatova samuµµh±ti. Karav²ko viya bhaºat²ti karav²kabh±º², mattakarav²karutamañjughosoti attho. Abhin²lanettoti na sakalan²lanetto, n²layuttaµµh±ne panassa um±pupphasadisena ativisuddhena n²lavaººena samann±gat±ni nett±ni honti, p²tayuttaµµh±ne kaºik±rapupphasadisena p²tavaººena, lohitayuttaµµh±ne bandhuj²vakapupphasadisena lohitavaººena, setayuttaµµh±ne osadhit±rakasadisena setavaººena, k±¼ayuttaµµh±ne add±riµµhakasadisena k±¼avaººena samann±gat±ni. Suvaººavim±ne uggh±µitamaºis²hapañjarasadis±ni kh±yanti. Gopakhumoti ettha pakhumanti sakalacakkhubhaº¹a½ adhippeta½, ta½ k±¼avacchakassa bahaladh±tuka½ hoti, rattavacchakassa vippasanna½, ta½muhuttaj±tataruºarattavacchakasadisacakkhubhaº¹oti attho. Aññesañhi cakkhubhaº¹± aparipuºº± honti, hatthim³sik±d²na½ akkhisadisehi viniggatehipi gambh²rehipi akkh²hi samann±gat± honti. Mah±purisassa pana dhovitv± majjitv± µhapitamaºigu¼ik± viya mudusiniddhan²lasukhumapakhum±cit±ni akkh²ni. Uºº±ti uººaloma½. Bhamukantareti dvinna½ bhamuk±na½ vemajjhe n±sikamatthakeyeva j±t±, uggantv± pana nal±µavemajjhe j±t±. Od±t±ti parisuddh±, osadhit±rakasam±navaºº±. Mud³ti sappimaº¹e os±retv± µhapitasatav±ravihatakapp±sapaµalasadis±. T³lasannibh±ti simbalit³lalat±t³lasam±n±, ayamassa od±tat±ya upam±. S± panes± koµiya½ gahetv± ±ka¹¹hiyam±n± upa¹¹hab±huppam±º± hoti, vissaµµh± dakkhiº±vaµµavasena ±vaµµitv± uddhagg± hutv± santiµµhati. Suvaººaphalakamajjhe µhapitarajatapubbu¼aka½ viya, suvaººaghaµato nikkhamam±n± kh²radh±r± viya, aruºappabh±rañjite gaganappadese osadhit±rak± viya ca atimanohar±ya siriy± virocati. Uºh²sas²soti ida½ paripuººanal±µatañca paripuººas²sata½ c±ti dve atthavase paµicca vutta½. Mah±purisassa hi dakkhiºakaººac³¼ikato paµµh±ya ma½sapaµala½ uµµhahitv± sakalanal±µa½ ch±dayam±na½ p³rayam±na½ gantv± v±makaººac³¼ik±ya½ patiµµhita½, ta½ rañño bandha-uºh²sapaµµo viya virocati. Mah±purisassa kira ima½ lakkhaºa½ disv± r±j³na½ uºh²sapaµµa½ aka½su. Aya½ t±va eko attho. Aññe pana jan± aparipuººas²s± honti, keci kapis²s±, keci phalas²s±, keci aµµhis²s±, keci hatthis²s±, keci tumbas²s±, keci pabbh±ras²s±. Mah±purisassa pana ±raggena vaµµetv± µhapita½ viya suparipuººa½ udakapubbu¼asadisa½ s²sa½ hoti. Tattha purimanaye uºh²saveµhitas²so viy±ti uºh²sas²so. Dutiyanaye uºh²sa½ viya sabbattha parimaº¹alas²soti uºh²sas²so.