Tasmi½ pana divase bhagav± purebhattakicca½ r±jagahe pariyos±petv± pacch±bhatte magga½ ±gato, purimay±me bhikkh³na½ kammaµµh±na½ kathetv±, majjhimay±me devat±na½ pañha½ vissajjetv±, pacchimay±me caªkama½ ±ruyha caªkamam±no pañcanna½ bhikkhusat±na½ ima½ sabbaññutaññ±ºa½ ±rabbha pavatta½ katha½ sabbaññutaññ±ºeneva sutv± aññ±s²ti. Tena vutta½– “pacchimay±makicca½ karonto aññ±s²”ti.

Ñatv± ca panassa etadahosi– “ime bhikkh³ mayha½ sabbaññutaññ±ºa½ ±rabbha guºa½ kathenti, etesañca sabbaññutaññ±ºakicca½ na p±kaµa½, mayhameva p±kaµa½. Mayi pana gate ete attano katha½ nirantara½ ±rocessanti, tato nesa½ aha½ ta½ aµµhuppatti½ katv± tividha½ s²la½ vibhajanto, dv±saµµhiy± µh±nesu appaµivattiya½ s²han±da½ nadanto, paccay±k±ra½ samodh±netv± buddhaguºe p±kaµe katv±, sineru½ ukkhipento viya suvaººak³µena nabha½ paharanto viya ca dasasahassilokadh±tukampana½ brahmaj±lasuttanta½ arahattanik³µena niµµh±pento desess±mi, s± me desan± parinibbutass±pi pañcavassasahass±ni satt±na½ amatamah±nibb±na½ samp±pik± bhavissat²”ti. Eva½ cintetv± yena maº¹alam±¼o tenupasaªkam²ti Yen±ti yena dis±bh±gena, so upasaªkamitabbo. Bhummatthe v± eta½ karaºavacana½, yasmi½ padese so maº¹alam±¼o, tattha gatoti ayamettha attho.

Paññatte ±sane nis²d²ti buddhak±le kira yattha yattha ekopi bhikkhu viharati sabbattha buddh±sana½ paññattameva hoti. Kasm±? Bhagav± kira attano santike kammaµµh±na½ gahetv± ph±sukaµµh±ne viharante manasi karoti– “asuko mayha½ santike kammaµµh±na½ gahetv± gato, sakkhissati nu kho visesa½ nibbattetu½ no v±”ti. Atha na½ passati kammaµµh±na½ vissajjetv± akusalavitakka½ vitakkayam±na½, tato “kathañhi n±ma m±disassa satthu santike kammaµµh±na½ gahetv± viharanta½ ima½ kulaputta½ akusalavitakk± abhibhavitv± anamatagge vaµµadukkhe sa½s±ressant²”ti tassa anuggahattha½ tattheva att±na½ dassetv± ta½ kulaputta½ ovaditv± ±k±sa½ uppatitv± puna attano vasanaµµh±nameva gacchati. Atheva½ ovadiyam±n± te bhikkh³ cintayi½su– “satth± amh±ka½ mana½ j±nitv± ±gantv± amh±ka½ sam²pe µhita½yeva att±na½ dasseti”. Tasmi½ khaºe– “bhante, idha nis²datha, idha nis²dath±”ti ±sanapariyesana½ n±ma bh±roti. Te ±sana½ paññapetv±va viharanti. Yassa p²µha½ atthi, so ta½ paññapeti. Yassa natthi, so mañca½ v± phalaka½ v± kaµµha½ v± p±s±ºa½ v± v±lukapuñja½ v± paññapeti. Ta½ alabham±n± pur±ºapaºº±nipi saªka¹¹hitv± tattha pa½suk³la½ pattharitv± µhapenti. Idha pana rañño nis²dan±sanameva atthi, ta½ papphoµetv± paññapetv± pariv±retv± te bhikkh³ bhagavato adhimuttikañ±ºam±rabbha guºa½ thomayam±n± nis²di½su. Ta½ sandh±ya vutta½– “paññatte ±sane nis²d²”ti.

Eva½ nisinno pana j±nantoyeva kath±samuµµh±panattha½ bhikkh³ pucchi. Te cassa sabba½ kathayi½su. Tena vutta½– “nisajja kho bhagav±”ti-±di. Tattha k±ya nutth±ti katam±ya nu kath±ya sannisinn± bhavath±ti attho. K±ya netth±tipi p±¼i, tass± katam±ya nu etth±ti attho k±ya notth±tipi p±¼i. Tass±pi purimoyeva attho.

Antar±kath±ti kammaµµh±namanasik±ra-uddesaparipucch±d²na½ antar± aññ± ek± kath±. Vippakat±ti, mama ±gamanapaccay± apariniµµhit± sikha½ appatt±. Tena ki½ dasseti? “N±ha½ tumh±ka½ kath±bhaªgattha½ ±gato, aha½ pana sabbaññut±ya tumh±ka½ katha½ niµµh±petv± matthakappatta½ katv± dass±m²ti ±gato”ti nisajjeva sabbaññupav±raºa½ pav±reti. Aya½ kho no, bhante, antar±kath± vippakat± atha bhagav± anuppattoti etth±pi ayamadhipp±yo. Aya½ bhante amh±ka½ bhagavato sabbaññutaññ±ºa½ ±rabbha guºakath± vippakat±, na r±jakath±dik± tiracch±nakath±, atha bhagav± anuppatto; ta½ no id±ni niµµh±petv± deseth±ti.

Ett±vat± ca ya½ ±yasmat± ±nandena kamalakuvalayujjalavimalas±dhurasasalil±ya pokkharaºiy± sukh±vataraºattha½ nimmalasil±talaracanavil±sasobhitaratanasop±na½, vippakiººamutt±talasadisav±luk±kiººapaº¹arabh³mibh±ga½ tittha½ viya suvibhattabhittivicitravedik±parikkhittassa nakkhattapatha½ phusituk±mat±ya viya, vijambhitasamussayassa p±s±davarassa sukh±rohaºattha½ dantamayasaºhamuduphalakakañcanalat±vinaddhamaºigaºappabh±samudayujjalasobha½ sop±na½ viya, suvaººavalayan³pur±disaªghaµµanasaddasammissitakathitahasitamadhurassaragehajanavicaritassa u¼±rissarivibhavasobhitassa mah±gharassa sukhappavesanattha½ suvaººarajatamaºimuttapav±¼±dijutivissaravijjotitasuppatiµµhitavis±ladv±rab±ha½ mah±dv±ra½ viya ca atthabyañjanasampannassa buddhaguº±nubh±vasa½s³cakassa imassa suttassa sukh±vagahaºattha½ k±ladesadesakavatthuparis±padesapaµimaº¹ita½ nid±na½ bh±sita½, tassatthavaººan± samatt±ti.

5. Id±ni– “mama½ v±, bhikkhave, pare avaººa½ bh±seyyun”ti-±din± nayena bhagavat± nikkhittassa suttassa vaººan±ya ok±so anuppatto. S± panes± suttavaººan±. Yasm± suttanikkhepa½ vic±retv± vuccam±n± p±kaµ± hoti, tasm± suttanikkhepa½ t±va vic±rayiss±ma. Catt±ro hi suttanikkhep±– attajjh±sayo, parajjh±sayo, pucch±vasiko, aµµhuppattikoti.

Tattha y±ni sutt±ni bhagav± parehi anajjhiµµho kevala½ attano ajjh±sayeneva kathesi; seyyathida½, ±kaªkheyyasutta½, vatthasutta½, mah±satipaµµh±na½, mah±sa¼±yatanavibhaªgasutta½, ariyava½sasutta½, sammappadh±nasuttantah±rako, iddhip±da-indriyabalabojjhaªgamaggaªgasuttantah±rakoti evam±d²ni; tesa½ attajjh±sayo nikkhepo.

Y±ni pana “paripakk± kho r±hulassa vimuttiparip±caniy± dhamm±; ya½n³n±ha½ r±hula½ uttari½ ±sav±na½ khaye vineyyan”ti; (sa½. ni. 4.121) eva½ paresa½ ajjh±saya½ khanti½ mana½ abhin²h±ra½ bujjhanabh±vañca avekkhitv± parajjh±sayavasena kathit±ni; seyyathida½, c³¼ar±hulov±dasutta½, mah±r±hulov±dasutta½, dhammacakkappavattana½, dh±tuvibhaªgasuttanti evam±d²ni; tesa½ parajjh±sayo nikkhepo.

Bhagavanta½ pana upasaªkamitv± catasso paris±, catt±ro vaºº±, n±g±, supaºº±, gandhabb±, asur±, yakkh±, mah±r±j±no, t±vati½s±dayo dev±, mah±brahm±ti evam±dayo– “bojjhaªg± bojjhaªg±”ti, bhante, vuccanti. “N²varaº± n²varaº±”ti, bhante, vuccanti; “ime nu kho, bhante, pañcup±d±nakkhandh±”. “Ki½ s³dha vitta½ purisassa seµµhan”ti-±din± nayena pañha½ pucchanti. Eva½ puµµhena bhagavat± y±ni kathit±ni bojjhaªgasa½yutt±d²ni, y±ni v± panaññ±nipi devat±sa½yutta-m±rasa½yutta-brahmasa½yutta-sakkapañha-c³¼avedalla-mah±vedalla-s±maññaphala-±¼avaka-s³ciloma-kharalomasutt±d²ni; tesa½ pucch±vasiko nikkhepo.

Y±ni pana t±ni uppanna½ k±raºa½ paµicca kathit±ni, seyyathida½– dhammad±y±da½, c³¼as²han±da½, cand³pama½, puttama½s³pama½, d±rukkhandh³pama½, aggikkhandh³pama½, pheºapiº¹³pama½, p±ricchattak³pamanti evam±d²ni; tesa½ aµµhuppattiko nikkhepo.

Evametesu cat³su nikkhepesu imassa suttassa aµµhuppattiko nikkhepo. Aµµhuppattiy± hi ida½ bhagavat± nikkhitta½. Katar±ya aµµhuppattiy±? Vaºº±vaººe. ¾cariyo ratanattayassa avaººa½ abh±si, antev±s² vaººa½. Iti ima½ vaºº±vaººa½ aµµhuppatti½ katv± desan±kusalo bhagav±– “mama½ v±, bhikkhave, pare avaººa½ bh±seyyun”ti desana½ ±rabhi. Tattha mamanti s±mivacana½, mam±ti attho. V±saddo vikappanattho. Pareti, paµiviruddh± satt±. Tatr±ti ye avaººa½ vadanti tesu.

Na ±gh±toti-±d²hi kiñc±pi tesa½ bhikkh³na½ ±gh±toyeva natthi, atha kho ±yati½ kulaputt±na½ ²disesupi µh±nesu akusaluppatti½ paµisedhento dhammanetti½ µhapeti. Tattha ±hanati cittanti ‘±gh±to’; kopasseta½ adhivacana½. Appat²t± honti tena atuµµh± asomanassik±ti appaccayo; domanassasseta½ adhivacana½. Neva attano na paresa½ hita½ abhir±dhayat²ti anabhiraddhi; kopasseta½ adhivacana½. Evamettha dv²hi padehi saªkh±rakkhandho, ekena vedan±kkhandhoti dve khandh± vutt±. Tesa½ vasena ses±nampi sampayuttadhamm±na½ k±raºa½ paµikkhittameva.

Eva½ paµhamena nayena manopadosa½ niv±retv±, dutiyena nayena tattha ±d²nava½ dassento ±ha– “tatra ce tumhe assatha kupit± v± anattaman± v±, tumha½ yevassa tena antar±yo”ti. Tattha ‘tatra ce tumhe assath±’ti tesu avaººabh±sakesu, tasmi½ v± avaººe tumhe bhaveyy±tha ce; yadi bhaveyy±th±ti attho. ‘Kupit±’ kopena, anattaman± domanassena. ‘Tumha½ yevassa tena antar±yo’ti tumh±ka½yeva tena kopena, t±ya ca anattamanat±ya paµhamajjh±n±d²na½ antar±yo bhaveyya.

Eva½ dutiyena nayena ±d²nava½ dassetv±, tatiyena nayena vacanatthasallakkhaºamattepi asamatthata½ dassento– “api nu tumhe paresan”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha paresanti yesa½ kesa½ ci. Kupito hi neva buddhapaccekabuddha-ariyas±vak±na½, na m±t±pit³na½, na paccatthik±na½ subh±sitadubbh±sitassa attha½ ±j±n±ti. Yath±ha–

“Kuddho attha½ na j±n±ti, kuddho dhamma½ na passati;
andha½ tama½ tad± hoti, ya½ kodho sahate nara½.
Anatthajanano kodho, kodho cittappakopano;
bhayamantarato j±ta½, ta½ jano n±vabujjhat²”ti. (A. ni. 7.64).

Eva½ sabbath±pi avaººe manopadosa½ nisedhetv± id±ni paµipajjitabb±k±ra½ dassento– “tatra tumhehi abh³ta½ abh³tato”ti-±dim±ha.

Tattha tatra tumheh²ti, tasmi½ avaººe tumhehi. Abh³ta½ abh³tato nibbeµhetabbanti ya½ abh³ta½, ta½ abh³tabh±veneva apanetabba½. Katha½? Itipeta½ abh³tanti-±din± nayena. Tatr±ya½ yojan±– “tumh±ka½ satth± na sabbaññ³, dhammo durakkh±to, saªgho duppaµipanno”ti-±d²ni sutv± na tuºh² bhavitabba½. Eva½ pana vattabba½– “iti peta½ abh³ta½, ya½ tumhehi vutta½, ta½ imin±pi k±raºena abh³ta½, imin±pi k±raºena ataccha½, ‘natthi ceta½ amhesu’, ‘na ca paneta½ amhesu sa½vijjati’, sabbaññ³yeva amh±ka½ satth±, sv±kkh±to dhammo, suppaµipanno saªgho, tatra idañcidañca k±raºan”ti. Ettha ca dutiya½ pada½ paµhamassa, catutthañca tatiyassa vevacananti veditabba½. Idañca avaººeyeva nibbeµhana½ k±tabba½, na sabbattha. Yadi hi “tva½ duss²lo, tav±cariyo duss²lo, idañcidañca tay± kata½, tav±cariyena katan”ti vutte tuºh²bh³to adhiv±seti, ±saªkan²yo hoti. Tasm± manopadosa½ akatv± avaººo nibbeµhetabbo. “Oµµhosi, goºos²”ti-±din± pana nayena dasahi akkosavatth³hi akkosanta½ puggala½ ajjhupekkhitv± adhiv±sanakhantiyeva tattha k±tabb±.

6. Eva½ avaººabh³miya½ t±dilakkhaºa½ dassetv± id±ni vaººabh³miya½ dassetu½ “mama½ v±, bhikkhave, pare vaººa½ bh±seyyun”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha pareti ye keci pasann± devamanuss±. ¾nandanti eten±ti ±nando, p²tiy± eta½ adhivacana½. Sumanassa bh±vo somanassa½, cetasikasukhasseta½ adhivacana½. Uppil±vino bh±vo uppil±vitatta½. Kassa uppil±vitattanti? Cetasoti. Uddhacc±vah±ya uppil±panap²tiy± eta½ adhivacana½. Idh±pi dv²hi padehi saªkh±rakkhandho, ekena vedan±kkhandho vutto.

Eva½ paµhamanayena uppil±vitatta½ niv±retv±, dutiyena tattha ±d²nava½ dassento– “tatra ce tumhe assath±”ti-±dim±ha. Idh±pi tumha½ yevassa tena antar±yoti tena uppil±vitattena tumh±ka½yeva paµhamajjh±n±d²na½ antar±yo bhaveyy±ti attho veditabbo. Kasm± paneta½ vutta½? Nanu bhagavat±–

“Buddhoti kittayantassa, k±ye bhavati y± p²ti;
varameva hi s± p²ti, kasiºen±pi jambud²passa.
Dhammoti kittayantassa, k±ye bhavati y± p²ti;
varameva hi s± p²ti, kasiºen±pi jambud²passa.
Saªghoti kittayantassa, k±ye bhavati y± p²ti;
varameva hi s± p²ti, kasiºen±pi jambud²pass±”ti ca.

“Ye, bhikkhave, buddhe pasann±, agge te pasann±”ti ca evam±d²hi anekasatehi suttehi ratanattaye p²tisomanassameva vaººitanti. Sacca½ vaººita½, ta½ pana nekkhammanissita½. Idha– “amh±ka½ buddho, amh±ka½ dhammo”ti-±din± nayena ±yasmato channassa uppannasadisa½ gehassita½ p²tisomanassa½ adhippeta½. Idañhi jh±n±dipaµil±bh±ya antar±yakara½ hoti. Tenev±yasm± channopi y±va buddho na parinibb±yi, t±va visesa½ nibbattetu½ n±sakkhi, parinibb±nak±le paññattena pana brahmadaº¹ena tajjito ta½ p²tisomanassa½ pah±ya visesa½ nibbattesi. Tasm± antar±yakara½yeva sandh±ya ida½ vuttanti veditabba½. Ayañhi lobhasahagat± p²ti. Lobho ca kodhasadisova. Yath±ha–

“Luddho attha½ na j±n±ti, luddho dhamma½ na passati;
andha½ tama½ tad± hoti, ya½ lobho sahate nara½.
Anatthajanano lobho, lobho cittappakopano;
bhayamantarato j±ta½, ta½ jano n±vabujjhat²”ti. (Itivu. 88).

Tatiyav±ro pana idha an±gatopi atthato ±gato yev±ti veditabbo. Yatheva hi kuddho, eva½ luddhopi attha½ na j±n±t²ti.

Paµipajjitabb±k±radassanav±re pan±ya½ yojan±– “tumh±ka½ satth± sabbaññ³ araha½ samm±sambuddho, dhammo sv±kkh±to, saªgho suppaµipanno”ti-±d²ni sutv± na tuºh² bhavitabba½. Eva½ pana paµij±nitabba½– “itipeta½ bh³ta½ ya½ tumhehi vutta½, ta½ imin±pi k±raºena bh³ta½, imin±pi k±raºena taccha½. So hi bhagav± itipi araha½, itipi samm±sambuddho; dhammo itipi sv±kkh±to, itipi sandiµµhiko saªgho itipi suppaµipanno, itipi ujuppaµipanno”ti. “Tva½ s²lav±”ti pucchiten±pi sace s²lav±, “s²lav±hamasm²”ti paµij±nitabbameva. “Tva½ paµhamassa jh±nassa l±bh²…pe… arah±”ti puµµhen±pi sabh±g±na½ bhikkh³na½yeva paµij±nitabba½. Evañhi p±picchat± ceva parivajjit± hoti, s±sanassa ca amoghat± d²pit± hot²ti. Sesa½ vuttanayeneva veditabba½.