ýak±rantadh±tu

Bi¼a akkose. Be¼ati. Bi¼±ro.

K²¼a vih±re. K²¼ati. K²¼±.

A¼a uggame. A¼ati. V±¼o.

La¼a vil±se. La¼ati. La¼ito asso.

Ka¼a made kakkasse ca. Kakkassa½ kassasiya½ pharusabh±vo. Ka¼ati.

Tu¼a to¼ane. To¼ati.

Hu¼a ho¼a gatiya½. Hu¼ati. Ho¼ati.

Ro¼a an±dare. Ro¼ati.

Lo¼a umm±de. Loyati.

He¼a ho¼a an±dare. He¼ati. Ho¼ati.

V±¼a ±lape. V±¼ati.

D±¼a dh±¼a visaraºe. D±¼ati. Dh±¼ati.

Ha¼a sil±gh±ya½. Ha¼ati.

H²¼a an±dare. H²¼ati. H²¼±, h²¼iko, h²¼ito.

Ka¼a secane. Ka¼ati. Ka¼ana½.

He¼a veµhane. He¼ati.

¿¼a thutiya½. ¿¼ati.

Ju¼a gatiya½. Ju¼ati, jo¼ati.

Pu¼a mu¼a sukhane. Pu¼ati. Mu¼ati.

Gu¼a rakkh±ya½. Gu¼ati. Gu¼o.

Ju¼a bandhane. Ju¼ati.

Ku¼a ghasane. Ku¼ati.

Khu¼a b±lye ca. Cak±ro ghasan±pekkhako. Khu¼ati.

Su¼a bu¼a sa½varaºe. Su¼ati. Bu¼ati.

Pu¼a saªgh±te. Pu¼ati. Pu¼ina½.

Sa¼a abyattasadde. Sa¼ati. S±¼iko, s±¼ik±.

“Usabhova mah² nadati,
migar±j±va k³jati;
susum±rova sa¼ati,
ki½ vip±ko bhavissat²”ti nidassana½.

Im±ni ¼ak±rantadh±tur³p±ni.

Iti bh³v±digaºe avaggantadh±tur³p±ni samatt±ni. Ett±vat± sabb±pi bh³v±digaºe dh±tuyo pak±sit±.

Id±ni bh³v±digaºikadh±t³na½yeva k±ci asam±nasutik±, k±ci asam±nantik±. T±su k±ci sam±natthavasena samodh±netv± pubb±cariyehi vutt±, t±yeva dh±tuyo ekadesena r³pavibh±van±d²hi saddhi½ pak±sayiss±ma. Ta½ yath±?

H³ bh³ satt±ya½ hoti, bhavati. Pahoti, pabhavati. Huveyya p±vuso. Sace upp±do heyya. Ajesi yakkho narav²raseµµha½, tatthappan±do tumulo bah³va. Amb±’ya½ ahuv± pure. Ahu r±j± videh±na½. Pah³ta½ me dhana½ sakka. Pah³tamariyo pakaroti puñña½. Pah³tavitto puriso. Pah³tajivho bhagav±. Piyappabh³t± kalah± viv±d±. Pacch±samaºena hotabba½. Bhavitabba½. Hotu½, hetuye, bhavitu½. Hutv±, hutv±na. Bhavitv±, bhavitv±na.

Ettha pana “atthi hehiti so maggo, na so sakk± na hetuye”ti p±¼i nidassana½. Tattha nahetuyeti abhavitu½. H³dh±tuto tu½paccayassa tavepaccayassa v± tuye ±deso, ³k±rassa ca ek±r±deso katoti daµµhabba½. Atha v± hetubh±v±ya na na sakk±tipi attho. Aya½ panattho idha n±dhippeto, purimoyevattho adhippeto hotissa dh±tuno payogabh±v±ya ud±haritapadassatthabh±vato. Tattha pahot²ti ida½ vattha½ vipulabh±vena c²vara½ k±tu½ pahoti, no nappahoti. Pahot²ti v± puriso arayo jetu½ sakkoti. Atha v± pahot²ti hoti. Pabhavat²ti sandati. Pah³tanti vipula½, mahantanti attho. Pah³tavittoti vipulavitto mahaddhano. Pah³tajivhoti suputhulasud²ghasumudukajivho, piyappabh³t±ti piyato nibbatt±.

Gamu sappa gatiya½. Gacchati, gamati, ghammati, ±gacchati, uggacchati, atigacchati, paµigacchati, avagacchati, adhigacchati, anugacchati, upagacchati, apagacchati, vigacchati, nigacchati, niggacchati. Aññ±nipi yojetabb±ni. “Samuggacchat²”ti-±din± upasaggadvayavasenapi yath±sambhava½ yojetabb±ni. Sappati, sa½sappati, parisappati. Aññ±nipi yojetabb±ni.

Tattha gamat²ti gacchati. K±rite “devadatta½ gameti gamayat²”ti r³p±ni bhavanti. “Ap±ya½ gamet²ti ap±yagaman²yan”ti idamettha nidassana½. Cur±digaºa½ pattassa ±pubbassa imassa “±gameti, ±gamayati, ±gamento, ±gamayam±no”ti suddhakattur³p±ni bhavanti.

Tattha ±gamet²ti muhutta½ adhiv±set²ti attho. Ghammat²ti gacchati. ¾gacchat²ti ±y±ti. Uggacchat²ti uyy±ti uddha½ gacchati. Atigacchat²ti atikkamitv± gacchati. Paµigacchat²ti puna gacchati. Avagacchat²ti j±n±ti. Adhigacchat²ti labhati j±n±ti v±. Anugacchat²ti pacchato gacchati. Upagacchat²ti sam²pa½ gacchati. Apagacchat²ti apeti. Vigacchat²ti vigamati. Nigacchat²ti labhati. “Yasa½ poso nigacchat²”ti ida½ nidassana½. Niggacchat²ti nikkhamati. Sappat²ti gacchati. Sa½sappat²ti sa½saranto gacchati. Parisappat²ti samantato gacchati.

Id±ni pana viññ³na½ s±µµhakathe tepiµake buddhavacane paramakosallajananattha½ sappayoga½ padam±la½ kathay±ma. Seyyathida½? So gacchati, te gacchanti, gacchare. Tva½ gacchasi, tumhe gacchatha. Aha½ gacch±mi, maya½ gacch±ma. So gacchate, te gacchante. Tva½ gacchase, tumhe gacchavhe. Aha½ gacche, maya½ gacch±mhe. Vattam±n±ya r³p±ni.

So gacchatu, te gacchantu. Tva½ gacch±hi, gaccha, gacchassu, tumhe gacchatha. Aha½ gacch±mi, maya½ gacch±ma. So gacchata½, te gacchanta½. Tva½ gacchassu, tumhe gacchavho. Aha½ gacche, maya½ gacch±mase. Pañcamiy± r³p±ni.

So gaccheyya, gacche, te gaccheyyu½. Tva½ gaccheyy±si, tumhe gaccheyy±tha. Aha½ gaccheyy±mi, maya½ gaccheyy±ma, gacchemu. So gacchetha, te gacchera½. Tva½ gacchetho, tumhe gaccheyy±vho. Aha½ gaccheyya½, maya½ gaccheyy±mhe. Sattamiy± r³p±ni.

So gaccha, te gacchu. Tva½ gacche, tumhe gacchittha, gañchittha. Aha½ gaccha½, maya½ gacchimha, gañchimha. So gacchittha, gañchittha, te gacchire. Tva½ gacchittho, tumhe gacchivho. Aha½ gacchi½, gañchi½, maya½ gacchimhe. Parokkh±ya r³p±ni.

So agacch±, te agacch³. Tva½ agacche, tumhe agacchatha. Aha½ agaccha½, maya½ agacchamh±. So agacchatha, te agacchatthu½. Tva½ agacchase, tumhe agacchivha½. Aha½ agaccha½, maya½ agacchimhe. Ajjataniy± r³p±ni.

So gacchissati, te gacchissanti. Tva½ gacchissasi, tumhe gacchissatha. Aha½ gacchiss±mi, maya½ gacchiss±ma. So gacchissate, te gacchissante. Tva½ gacchissase, tumhe gacchissavhe. Aha½ gacchissa½, maya½ gacchiss±mhe. Bhavissantiy± r³p±ni.

So agacchiss±, te agacchissa½su. Tva½ agacchisse, tumhe agacchissatha. Aha½ agacchissa½, maya½ agacchiss±mh±. So agacchissatha, te agacchissisu. Tva½ agacchissase, tumhe agacchissavhe. Aha½ agacchissa½, maya½ agacchiss±mhase. K±l±tipattiy± r³p±ni.

Tattha ajjataniy± k±l±tipattiy± ca ak±r±gama½ sabbesu purisesu sabbesu vacanesu labbham±nampi s±sane aniyata½ hutv± labbhat²ti daµµhabba½. Tath± hi “agacchi, gacchi, agacchiss±, gacchiss±”ti-±din± dve dve r³p±ni dissanti. Gamati, gamanti. Gamatu, gamantu. Gameyya. Gameyyu½. Sesa½ sabba½ vitth±retabba½.

Id±ni parokkh±hiyyattanajjatan²su viseso vuccate– so puriso magga½ ga, s± itth² ghara’m±ga. Te magga½ gu, t± ghara’m±gu. Ek±rassa ak±r±desa½ tva½ magga½ ga, tva½ ghara”m±ga. Tumhe magga½ guttha, tumhe ghara’m±guttha. Aha½ magga½ ga½, aha½ ghara’m±ga½. Aha½ ta½ purisa½ anvaga½, maya½ magga½ gumha, maya½ ghara½ ±gumha, maya½ ta½ purisa½ anvagumha. Aya½ t±va parokkh±ya viseso.

“So magga½ agam±, te magga½ agam³” icc±di hiyyattaniy± r³pa½. “So agami, te agamu½, te gu½” icc±di ajjataniy± r³pa½.

Id±ni tesa½ padar³p±ni p±kaµ²karaºattha½ kiñci sutta½ kathay±ma– “sop±g± samiti½ vana½. Athettha pañcamo ±g±. ¾gu½ dev± yasassino. M±ha½ k±kova dummedho, k±m±na½ vasamanvaga½. Agam± r±jagaha½ buddho. Vaªka½ agamu pabbata½. Br±hmaº± upagacchu man”ti evam±d²ni bhavanti.

Ga gu ga guttha ga½ gumha, agu agamu agamu½;
agam±’gami gacchanti, ±dibheda½ mane kare.

Id±ni n±mikapad±ni vuccante– gato, gant±, gaccha½, gacchant², gacchanta½ kula½, sahagata½, gati, gamana½, gamo, ±gamo, avagamo, gantabba½, gaman²ya½, gamma½, gammam±na½, gamiyam±na½, go, m±tug±mo, hiªgu, jagu, indag³, medhago icc±d²ni, k±rite– gacch±peti, gacch±payati, gaccheti, gacchayati, gammeti. Kamme– gammati, gamiyati, adhigammati, adhigamiyati. Tumant±ditte “gantu½, gamitu½, gantv±, gantv±na, gamitv±, gamitv±na, gamiya, gamiy±na, gamma, ±gamma, ±gantv±, adhigamma, adhigantv±” icc±d²ni Sappadh±tussa pana “sappo, sappin², p²µhasapp², sappi” icc±d²ni r³p±ni bhavanti.

Tattha sahagatasaddo tabbh±ve vokiººe nissaye ±rammaºe sa½saµµheti imesu atthesu dissati. Tattha “y±ya½ taºh± ponobbhavik± nandir±gasahagat±”ti tabbh±ve veditabbo, nandir±gabh³t±ti attho. “Y±ya½ bhikkhave v²ma½s± kosajjasahagat± kosajjasampayutt±”ti vokiººe veditabbo, antarantar± uppajjam±nena kosajjena vokiºº±ti ayamettha attho. “Aµµhikasaññ±sahagata½ satisambojjhaªga½ bh±vet²”ti nissaye veditabbo, aµµhikasañña½ niss±ya aµµhikasañña½ bh±vetv± paµiladdhanti attho. “L±bh² hoti r³pasahagat±na½ v± sam±patt²na½ ar³pasahagat±na½ v±”ti ±rammaºe, r³p±r³p±rammaº±nanti attho. “Ida½ sukha½ im±ya p²tiy± sahagata½ sahaj±ta½ sampayuttan”ti sa½saµµhe, imiss± p²tiy± sa½saµµhanti attho. Ettheta½ vuccati–

Tabbh±ve ceva vokiººe, nissay±rammaºesu ca;
sa½saµµhe ca sahagata-saddo dissati pañcasu.

Gat²ti gatigati nibbattigabhi ajjh±sayagati vibhavagati nipphattigati ñ±ºagat²ti bahuvidh± gati n±ma.

Tattha “ta½ gati½ pecca gacch±m²”ti ca “yassa gati½ na j±nanti, dev± gandhabbam±nus±”ti ca aya½ gatigatin±ma. “Imesa½ kho aha½ bhikkh³na½ s²lavant±na½ neva j±n±mi gati½v± agati½v±”ti aya½ nibbattigati n±ma. “Eva½ kho te aha½ brahme gatiñca j±n±mi jutiñca j±n±m²”ti aya½ajjh±sayagati n±ma. “Vibhavo gati dhamm±na½, nibb±na½ arahato gat²”ti aya½ vibhavagati n±ma. “Dve gatiyo bhavanti anaññ±”ti aya½ nipphattigati n±ma. “Ta½ tattha gatim± dhibhim±”ti ca “sundara½ nibb±na½ gato”ti ca aya½ ñ±ºagati n±ma. Ettheta½ vuccati–

Gatigatyañca nibbatya½, vibhavajjh±sayesu ca;
nipphattiyañca ñ±ºe ca, gatisaddo pavattati.

Gacchat²ti go. M±tuy± samabh±va½ miss²bh±vañca gacchati p±puº±t²ti m±tug±mo. Roga½ hi½santa½ gacchat²ti hiªgu.

Im±ni tassa n±m±ni

Hiªgu hiªgujatucceva, tath± hiªgusip±µik±;
hiªguj±t²ti kathit±, vinayaµµhakath±ya hi.

Jag³ti cutito j±ti½ gacchat²ti jagu. Indriyena gacchat²ti indag³. Atha v± indabh³tena kammun± gacchat²ti indagu. “Hindag³”tipi p±¼i. Tattha hindanti maraºa½. Ta½ gacchat²ti hindag³. Sabbameta½ satt±dhivacana½, liªgato pulliªga½. Medhagoti attano nissayañca parañca medham±no hi½sam±no gacchati pavattat²ti medhago, kalaho. “Tato sammanti medhag±”ti ettha hi kalaho medhagasaddena bhagavat± vutto. Gamitv±ti ettha–

“Isivhaya½ gamitv±na, vinitv± pañcavaggiye;
tato vinesi bhagav±, gantv± gantv± tahi½ tahin”ti

Aya½ p±¼i nidassana½. Sappoti sappat²ti sappo, sa½sappanto gacchat²ti attho. Ten±ha ±yasm± s±riputto “yo k±me parivajjeti, sappasseva pad±siro”ti imiss± p±¼iy± niddese “sappo vuccati ahi. Kenaµµhena sappo? Sa½sappanto gacchat²ti sappo. Bhujanto gacchat²ti bhujago. Urena gacchat²ti urago. Pannasiro gacchat²ti pannago. Sar²rena sappat²ti sar²sapo. Bile sayat²ti bil±sayo. D±µh± tassa ±vudhoti d±µh±vudho. Visa½ tassaghoranti ghoraviso. Jivh± tassa duvidh±ti dujivho. Dv²hi jivh±hi rasa½ s±yat²ti dvirasaññ³”ti. Sappin²ti urag². P²µhasapp²ti p²µhena sappati gacchat²ti p²µhasapp², paªgu¼o. Sapp²ti yo na paribhuñjati, tassa bal±yuva¹¹hanattha½ sappati gacchati pavattat²ti sappi, ghata½.

Sakka µeka laªgha gatyatt±. Sakkati, nisakkati, parisakkati. Nisakko, parisakkana½. Ýekati. ݲk±. Laªghati, ullaªghati, olaªghati, laªghako, ullaªghik± p²ti.

Ke re ge sadde. K±yati. R±yati. G±yati. J±taka½. R±. G²ta½. K±yitu½. R±yitu½, g±yitu½. K±yitv±. R±yitv±. G±yitv±.

Tattha j±takanti j±ta½ bh³ta½ at²ta½ attano carita½ k±yati katheti bhagav± eten±ti j±taka½. J±takap±¼i hi idha j±takanti vutta½. Aññatra pana j±ta½ eva½ j±takanti gahetabb±. Tath± hi j±takasaddo pariyattiyampi vattati “itivuttaka½ j±taka½ abbhutadhamman”ti-±d²su, j±tiyampi vattati “j±taka½ samodh±nes²”ti-±d²su. R± vuccati saddo. G²tanti g±yana½.

Khe je se khaye. Kh±yati. J±yati. S±yati. Khaya½ gacchat²ti attho.

Ettha pana siy± “nanu ca bho kh±yat²ti padassa kh±dat²ti v± paññ±yat²ti v± attho bhavati, tath± j±yat²ti padassa nibbattat²ti attho, s±yat²ti padassa rasa½ ass±det²ti attho, eva½ sante bho kasm± idha eva½ attho tumhehi kathiyat²”ti? Sacca½, dh±t³nantu anekatthatt± eva½ attho kathetu½ labbhati. Tath± hi “appassut±ya½ puriso, balibaddova j²rat²”ti ettha j²rat²ti aya½ saddo jara½ p±puº±t²ti attha½ avatv± va¹¹hat²ti atthameva vadati, eva½ sampadamida½ daµµhabba½.

Gu ghu ku u sadde. Gavati. Ghavati. Kavati. Avati.

Khu ru ku sadde. Khoti. Roti. Koti.

Cu ju pu plu g± se gatiya½. Cavati. Javati. Pavati. Plavati. G±ti. Seti. Cavana½, cuti. Javana½, javo. Pavana½, plavana½. G±na½. Setu. Poto. Plavo.

Ettha g±nanti gamana½. Pototi pavati gacchati udake eten±ti poto, n±v±. Tath± plavati na s²dat²ti plavo, n±v± eva. “Bhinnaplavo s±garasseva majjhe”ti hi j±takap±¼i dissati. “N±v±, poto, plavo, jalay±na½, taraºan”ti n±v±bhidh±n±ni.

Dhe the saddasaªgh±tesu. Dh±yati. Th±yati. Bh±ve– dhiyati, thiyati. Itth². Th².

De te p±lane. D±yati. Day±. T±ºa½.

R± l± ±d±ne. R±ti. L±ti.

Ati adi bandhane. Antati. Andati. Anta½. Andu.

Jutasubha ruca dittiya½. Jotati. Sobhati. Rocati, virocati.

Aka aga kuµil±ya½ gatiya½. Akati. Agati.

N±tha n±dha y±canopat±pissariy±s²s±su. N±thati. N±dhati.

Sala hula cala kampane. Salati. Hulati. Calati. Kusala½.

Ettha ca kucchite p±pake dhamme salayat²ti kusala½, hetukattuvasenida½ nibbacana½ daµµhabba½. Tath± hi aµµhas±liniya½ “kucchite p±pake dhamme salayanti calayanti kampenti viddha½sent²ti kusal±”ti hetukattuvasena attho kathito. Ida½ saladh±tuvasena kusalasaddassa nibbacana½. Aññesampi dh±t³na½ vasena kusalasaddassa nibbacana½ bhavati. Tath± hi aµµhas±liniya½ aññ±nipi nibbacan±ni dassit±ni. Katha½? “Kucchitena v± ±k±rena sayant²ti kus±, te akusaladhammasaªkh±te kuse lunanti chindant²ti kusal±. Kucchit±na½ v± s±nato tanukaraºato ñ±ºa½ kusa½ n±ma, tena kusena l±tabb±ti kusal±, gahetabb± pavattetabb±ti attho. Yath± v± kus± ubhayabh±gagata½ hatthappadesa½ lunanti, evamimepi uppann±nuppannabh±vena ubhayabh±gagata½ kilesapakkha½ lunanti, tasm± kus± viya lunant²tipi kusal±”ti. Eva½ aññ±nipi nibbacan±ni dassit±ni. Tatra “dhamm±” iti pad±pekkha½ katv± tadanur³paliªgavacanavasena “kusal±”ti niddeso kato, idha pana s±maññaniddesavasena “kusalan”ti napu½sakekavacananiddeso amhehi kato. Puññav±cako hi kusalasaddo ±rogyav±cako ca ekantena napu½sakaliªgo, itaratthav±cako pana tiliªgiko, yath± kusalo phasso, kusal± vedan±. Kusala½ cittanti. Kusalasaddo imasmi½ bh³v±digaºe l±dh±tusaladh±tuvasena nipphatti½ gatoti veditabbo. Iti bh³v±digaºe samodh±nagatadh±tuyo samatt±.

Icceva½–

Vitth±rato ca saªkhep±, bh³v±d²na½ gaºo may±;
yo vibhatto sa-uddeso, saniddeso yath±raha½.
Upasagganip±tehi, n±n±-atthayutehi ca;
yojetv±na pad±nettha, dassit±ni visu½ visu½.
P±¼inidassan±d²hi, dassit±ni saheva tu;
ty±dyant±ni ca r³p±ni, sy±nyant±ni ca sabbaso.
Pad±na½ sadisattañca, tath± visadisattana½;
codan±parih±rehi, sahito catthanicchayo.
Atthuddh±ro’bhidh±nañca, liªgattayavimissana½;
abhidheyyakaliªgesu, savisesapad±ni ca.
N±n±padabahuppada-samodh±nañca dassita½;
r³¼h²sadd±dayo ceva, suvibhatt± an±kul±.
Sabban±ma½ sabban±ma-sadis±ni pad±ni ca;
n±n±padehi yojetu½, dassit±ni yath±raha½.
Tumant±ni ca r³p±ni, tv±dyant±ni ca viññ³na½;
piµake p±µavatth±ya, sabbameta½ pak±sita½.
Ye saddan²timhi ima½ vibh±ga½,
j±nanti samm± munis±sane te;
atthesu sabbesupi v²takaªkh±,
acchambhino s²hasam± bhavanti.
Vibh³tabhutaggasayambhucakke
subh³tabh³ri½ vadat± nar±na½;
yo saddan²timhi bhuv±dikaº¹o,
vutto may± ta½ bhajathatthak±mo.

Iti navaªge s±µµhakathe piµakattaye byappathagat²su viññ³na½

Kosallatth±ya kate saddan²tippakaraºe

Pannarasahi paricchedehi maº¹ito bh³v±digaºo n±ma

So¼asamo paricchedo.