Rak±rantadh±tu

R± ±d±ne. R±ti.
Ri sant±ne. Reti. Reºu. Reº³ti rajo.
Ru gatiya½ rosane ca. Ravati, viravati.
Ru sadde. Roti, ravati. Ravo, uparavo. Rutamanuñña½ ruciy± ca piµµhi. Rutanti ravana½ ruta½, saddo.
Re sadde. R±yati. R±. Ratti. Ettha ca r±ti saddo. Ratt²ti nis±saªkh±to satt±na½ saddassa v³pasamak±lo. R± tiyyati ucchijjati etth±ti ratti.
Br³ viyattiya½ v±c±ya½. Api hantv± hato br³ti.
Brav²ti, brunti. Br³si, br³tha. Br³mi, br³ma. Br³te, bruvante. Br³se, bruvhe. Bruve, brumhe.
Br³tu, bruvitu, bruvantu. Br³hi, br³tha. Br³mi, br³ma. Br³ta½, bruvanta½.
Ettha ca ambaµµhasutte “puna bhava½ gotamo bruvit³”ti p±¼idassanato “bruvit³”ti vutta½. Eva½ sabbatth±pi upaparikkhitv± nayo gahetabbo.
Bruveyya, bruve, bruveyyu½. Bruveyy±si, bruveyy±tha. Bruveyy±mi, bruveyy±ma. Bruvetha, bruvera½. Bruvetho, bruveyy±vho. Bruveyya½. Bruveyy±mhe.
Pabr³ti. Anubr³ti. Pabr³tu, anubr³tu. Pabruveyya, anubruveyya. Eva½ sabbattha pa-anuupasaggehipi yath±sambhava½ padam±l± yojetabb±.
¾ha, ±hu. Brave, bravittha, bravire. Bravittho, bravivho. Bravi½, bravimhe. Parokkh±vasena vutt±ni.
Abrav± abrav³. Abravo, abravattha. Abrava½, abravamh±. Abravattha, abravatthu½. Abravase, abravha½. Abravi½, abravimhase. Hiyyattan²vasena vutt±ni.
Abravi, abravu½. Abravo, abravittha. Abravi½, abravimh±. Abrav±, abrav³. Abravase, abravivha½. Abrava½, abravimhe. Ajjatan²vasena vutt±ni.
Bruvissati, bruvissanti. Abraviss±, abravissa½su. Sesa½ sabba½ netabba½. Kammapada½ appasiddha½. Sace pana siy±, “br³yat²”ti siy± “luyati, l³yat²”ti pad±ni viya.
J²ra br³hane. Br³hana½ va¹¹hana½. J²rati. J²ra½. J²ram±no. J²raºa½. Appassut±ya½ puriso, balibaddova j²rati.
P³ra p³raºe. P³rati. P³ratova mahodadhi. Sabbe p³rentu saªkapp±. P³ritu½, p³ritv±, p³ra½, p³rita½. Puººa½, paripuººa½. Sampuººa½, p³raºa½. P³raºo kassapo. K±rite “p±ramiyo p³reti, p³rayati, p³r±peti, p³r±payati. P³retv±, p³rayitv±, p³r±petv±, p³r±payitv±, parip³retv±” icc±d²ni bhavanti.
Ghora gatipaµigh±te. Gatipaµigh±ta½ gatipaµihanana½. Ghorati.
Dhora gatic±turiye. Gatic±turiya½ gatichekabh±vo. Dhoreti.
Sara gatiya½. Sarati, visarati, ussarati. Uss±raº±. Saro. Sa½s±ro icc±d²ni. Tattha saroti rahado. Sa½s±roti vaµµa½, yo “bhavo”tipi vuccati.
Cara caraºe. Carati, vicarati, anucarati, sañcarati.
Cara gatibhakkhanesu. Carati, vicarati, anucarati, sañcarati, paµicarati. Cariy±. Carit±. C±ro. Vic±ro. Anuvic±ro. Upavic±ro. Caraºa½. C±rako. Ocarako. Brahmacariya½ icc±d²ni.
Tattha carat²ti gacchati, bhakkhati v±. Tath± hi caranti padassa gacchanto kh±danto c±ti attha½ vadanti gar³. Paµicarat²ti paµicch±deti. C±rakoti ta½pavesit±na½ satt±na½ sukha½ carati bhakkhat²ti c±rako, rodho. Ocarakoti adhoc±r². Brahmacariyanti d±nampi veyy±vaccampi sikkh±padampi brahmavih±ropi dhammadesan±pi methunaviratipi sad±rasantosopi uposathopi ariyamaggopi sakala½ s±sanampi ajjh±sayopi vuccati.
Kinte vata½ ki½ pana brahmacariya½,
kissa suciººassa aya½ vip±ko;
iddhijutibalav²riy³papatti,
idañca te n±ga mah±vim±na½.
Ahañca bhariy± ca manussaloke,
saddh± ubho d±napat² ahumh±;
op±nabh³ta½ me ghara½ tad±si,
santappit± samaºabr±hmaº± ca.
Ta½ me vata½ ta½ pana brahmacariya½,
tassa suciººassa aya½ vip±ko;
iddhijutibalav²riy³papatti,
idañca me dh²ra mah±vim±nan”ti
Imasmiñhi puººakaj±take d±na½ “brahmacariyan”ti vutta½.
“Kena p±ºi k±madado, kena p±ºi madhussavo;
kena te brahmacariyena, puñña½ p±ºimhi ijjhati.
Tena p±ºi k±madado, tena p±ºi madhussavo;
tena me brahmacariyena, puñña½ p±ºimhi ijjhat²”ti

Imasmi½ aªkurapetavatthumhi veyy±vacca½ “brahmacariyan”ti vutta½. “Ida½ kho ta½ bhikkhave tittiriya½ n±ma brahmacariya½ ahos²”ti imasmi½ tittiraj±take sikkh±pada½ “brahmacariyan”ti vutta½. “Ta½ kho pana pañcasikha brahmacariya½ neva nibbid±ya na vir±g±ya…pe… y±vadeva brahmalok³papattiy±”ti imasmi½ mah±govindasutte brahmavih±r± “brahmacariyan”ti vutt±. “Ekasmi½ brahmacariyasmi½, sahassa½ maccuh±yino”ti ettha dhammadesan± “brahmacariyan”ti vutt±. “Pare abrahmac±r² bhavissanti, mayamettha brahmac±rino bhaviss±m±”ti sallekhasutte methunavirati “brahmacariyan”ti vutt±.

Mayañca bhariy± n±tikkam±ma,
amhe ca bhariy± n±tikkamanti;
aññatra t±h brahmacariya½ car±ma;
tasm± hi amha½ dahar± na m²yare”ti

Mah±dhammap±laj±take sad±rasantoso “brahmacariyan”ti vutto.

H²nena brahmacariyena, khattiye upapajjati;
majjhimena ca devesu, uttamena visujjhat²”ti

Eva½ nimij±take av²tikkamavasena kato uposatho “brahmacariyan”ti vutto. “Ida½ kho pana pañcasikha brahmacariya½ ekantanibbid±ya vir±g±ya…pe… ayameva ariyo aµµhaªgiko maggo”ti mah±govindasuttasmi½yeva ariyamaggo “brahmacariyan”ti vutto. “Tayida½ brahmacariya½ iddhañceva ph²tañca vitth±rika½ b±hujañña½ puthubh³ta½ y±vadeva manussehi suppak±sitan”ti p±s±dikasutte sikkhattayasaªgaha½ sakala½ s±sana½ “brahmacariyan”ti vutta½.

“Api ataram±n±na½, phal±s±va samijjhati;
vipakkabrahmacariyosmi, eva½ j±n±hi g±maº²”ti

Ettha ajjh±sayo “brahmacariyan”ti vutto. Icceva½–

D±na½ veyy±vaµiyañca, sikkh± brahmavih±rak±;
dhammakkh±na½ methunat±-virati ca uposatho.
Sad±resu ca santoso, ariyamaggo ca s±sana½;
ajjh±sayo cime brahma-cariyasaddena vuccare.
Hura koµille. Hurati.
Sara saddopat±pesu. Sarati. Saro, saraºa½.
Ettha ca saroti saddopi vuccati usupi. Saraºanti sarati upat±peti hi½sati saraºagat±na½ teneva saraºagamanena bhaya½ sant±pa½ dukkha½ duggati½ parikilesañc±ti saraºa½, buddh±diratanattaya½. Atha v± saddh± pasann± manuss± “amh±ka½ saraºamidan”ti saranti cintenti, ta½ tattha ca v±ca½ niccharanti gacchanti c±tipi saraºa½.
Sara cint±ya½. Sarati, susarati iccapi payogo. Appakkhar±nañhi bahubh±vo aññath±bh±vo ca hoti, yath± “dve, duve, taºh± tasiº±, pamha½, pakhuman”ti. Anussarati, paµissarati. Saranti et±ya satt±, saya½ v± sarati, saraºamattameva v± etanti sati. Anussati, paµissati. Sarat²ti sato. Punappuna½ sarat²ti paµissato.
Dvara sa½varaºe. Sa½varaºa½ rakkhaº±. Dvarati. Dv±ra½. Dvisadd³papada-aradh±tuvasenapi ida½ r³pa½ sijjhati. Tatrim±ni nibbacan±ni– dvaranti sa½varanti rakkhanti eten±ti dv±ra½, atha v± dve kav±µ± aranti gacchanti pavattanti etth±tipi dv±ranti. Gehadv±rampi k±yadv±r±d²nipi up±yopi dv±ranti vuccati. P±¼iya½ tu “dv±ra½ dv±r±”ti ca itthinapu½sakavasena dv±rasaddo vutto. Tath± hi “dv±rampi surakkhita½ hot²”ti ca “dv±r±pes±”ti ca tassa dviliªgat± vutt±.
Gara ghara secane. Garati. Gharati. Ghara½.
Dh³ra hucchane. Hucchana koµilla½. Dh³rati.
Tara plavanasaraºesu. Tarati. Taraºa½. Tittha½. Tiººo. Uttiººo. Otiººo icc±d²ni. Tattha taraºa½ vuccati n±v±, tarati udakapiµµhe plavati, taranti uttaranti v± nadi½ eten±ti atthena.
N±v± plavo tara½ poto, taraºa½ uttara½ tath±;
jalay±nanti et±ni, n±v±n±m±ni honti tu.
Tara sambhame. Sambhamo anavaµµh±na½. Tarati. Tarito. Turaªgo.
Ettha ca “so m±sakhetta½ tarito av±sarin”ti p±¼i nidassana½. Tattha taritoti turito sambhamanto. Av±sarinti upagacchi½ upavisi½ v±.
Jara roge. Ettha jararogoyeva “rogo”ti adhippeto payogavasena. Jarasaddassa hi jararoge pavattaniyamanattha½ “roge”ti vutta½. Tena añño rogo idha rogasaddena na vuccati. Jarati. Jaro. Sajjaro. Pajjararogo. Jarena p²¼it± manuss±. Yattha tu aya½ vayoh±niv±cako tattha payoge “j²rati, jar±”ti cassa r³p±ni bhavanti.
Dara bhaye. Darati. Dar². “B²l±say± dar²say±”ti nidassana½. Tattha dar²ti bh±yitabbaµµhena dar².
Dara ±dar±n±daresu. Darati, ±darati, an±darati. ¾daro, an±daro.
Ettha ca darat²ti dara½ karot²ti ca an±dara½ karot²ti ca attho. Yath± hi ±rak±saddo d³r±sannav±cako, tath±yampi daradh±tu ±dar±n±darav±cako daµµhabbo. Darasaddo ca k±yadarathe cittadarathe kilesadarathe ca vattati. Ayañhi–
¾ditta½ vata ma½ santa½, ghatasitta½va p±vaka½;
v±rin± viya osiñci, sabba½ nibb±paye daran”ti

Ettha k±yadarathe cittadarathe ca vattati. “V²taddaro v²tasoko v²tasallo, saya½ abhiññ±ya abh±si buddho”ti ettha pana kilesadarathe vattati. V²taddaroti hi aggamaggena sabbakiles±na½ samucchinnatt± vigatakilesadarathoti attho.

Nara nayane. Narati. Naro, n±r².
Ettha naroti puriso. So hi narati net²ti naro. Yath± paµhamapakatibh³to satto datar±ya pakatiy± seµµhaµµhena puri ucc±µµh±ne seti pavattat²ti purisoti vuccati, eva½ nayanaµµhena naroti vuccati. Puttabh±tubh³topi hi puggalo m±tujeµµhabhagin²na½ netuµµh±ne tiµµhati, pageva itaro itar±sa½. N±r²ti narena yogato, narass±yanti v± n±r². Aparampettha narasaddassa nibbacana½, nariyati sakena kammena niyyat²ti naro, satto manusso v±. “Kammena niyyate-o loko”ti hi vutta½. Tattha narasaddassa t±va purisavacane “nar± ca atha n±riyo”ti nidassana½. Sattamanussavacane pana “buddho aya½ edisako naruttamo. ¾modit± naramar³”ti ca nidassana½, tasm± “naroti puriso, naroti satto, naroti manusso”ti tattha tattha yath±sambhava½ attho sa½vaººetabbo.
Hara haraºe. Haraºa½ pavattana½. Harati. S±vatthiya½ viharati. Vih±si. Viha½su. Viharissati. Appamatto vihissati. Voharati. Sa½voharati. sabbo harati v±. R³piyasa½voh±ro, r³piyasabboh±ro v±. P±µih±riya½. P²tip±mojjah±ro. Vih±ro. Voh±ro. Abhih±ro. Citta½ abhin²harati. S±sane vihara½, viharanto, viharam±no. Vih±tabba½, viharitu½. Viharitv±. Aññ±nipi yojetabb±ni.
Tattha p±µih±riyanti sam±hite citte vigat³pakkilese katakiccena pacch± haritabba½ pavattetabbanti p±µih±riya½. Paµ²ti hi aya½ saddo “pacch±”ti etassa attha½ bodheti “tasmi½ paµipaviµµhamhi, añño ±gañchi br±hmaºo”ti-±d²su viya. Vih±roti µh±nanisajj±din± viharanti etth±ti vih±ro, bhikkh³na½ ±v±so. Viharaºa½ v± vih±ro, viharaºakriy±. Voh±roti byavah±ropi paººattipi vacanampi cetan±pi. Tattha
Yo hi koci manussesu, voh±ra½ upaj²vati;
eva½ v±seµµha j±n±ti, v±ºijo so nabr±hmaºo”ti.

Aya½ byavah±ravoh±ro n±ma. “Saªkh± samaññ± paññatti voh±ro”ti aya½ paººattivoh±ro n±ma. Tath± tath± voharanti par±masant²ti aya½ vacanavoh±ro n±ma. “Aµµha ariyavoh±r±, aµµha anariyavoh±r±”ti aya½ cetan±voh±ro n±ma. Icceva½–

Byavah±re vacane ca, paººatticetan±su ca;
voh±rasaddo cat³su, imesvatthesu dissati.
Hara apanayane. Apanayana½ n²haraºa½. Dosa½ harati. N²harati. N²h±ro, pariharati. Parih±ro. Rajoharaºa½. Sabbadosaharo dhammo. Bhagavato ca s±sanassa ca paµipakkhe titthiye harat²ti p±µih±riya½. Matt±vaººabhedenettha “p±µihera½ p±µih²ra½ p±µih±riyan”ti t²ºi padar³p±ni, bhavanti.
Hara ±d±ne. Adinna½ harati. Harissati. H±hiti iccap. “Khar±jina½ para suñca, kh±rik±jañca h±hit²”ti idamettha nidassana½. ¾harati, avaharati, sa½harati, apaharati, upaharati, paharati, sampaharati, sam±harati. Manoharo p±s±do. Parassaharaºa½. ¾h±ro, avah±ro, sa½h±ro, upah±ro, sampah±ro, sam±h±ro. Hariyyati, ±hariyyati. ¾hariyyanti. ¾haµa½, haritu½, ±haritu½, ±haritv±, ±haritv±na. Aññ±nipi yojetabb±ni.
Dhara dharaºe. Dharaºa½ vijjam±nat±. Dharati. Dharate satthus±sana½.
Dhara aviddha½sane. Nibb±na½ nicca½ dharati.
Khara khaye. Kharati. Kharaºa½. Nakkharanti na khiyyant²ti akkhar±ni. Nakkharanti na nassant²ti nakkhatt±n²ti por±º±.
J±garaniddakkhaye j±garati. J±garo, j±garaºa½, j±gara½. D²gh± j±garato ratti. J±garam±no. Ayañca dh±tu tan±digaºa½ patv± “j±garoti, paµij±garot²”ti r³p±ni janeti.
¿ra vacane gatikampanesu ca. ¿rati. ¿rita½. Erita½. Sam²raºo. Jinerito dhammo. Kuppanti v±tassapi eritassa.
Tattha sam²raºoti v±to. So hi sam²rati v±yati, sam²reti ca rukkhas±kh±paºº±d²ni suµµhu kampet²ti “sam²raºo”ti vuccati.
Hare lajj±ya½. Aluttantoyamek±ranto dh±tu, gile p²tikkhayeti dh±tu viya. Har±yati. Har±yana½. Aµµ²y±mi har±y±mi.
Ettha har±yat²ti lajjati, hiri½ karot²ti attho.
Para p±lanap³raºesu. “Parati, paramo”timassa r³p±ni, nara nayaneti dh±tussa “narati naro”ti r³p±ni viya.
Tattha parat²ti p±leti, p³rati v±. Suddhakattuvasenida½ pada½ vutta½. Hetukattuvasena hi “p±reti p±rayat²”ti-±d²ni r³p±ni bhavanti. Paramoti p±lako p³rako v±. Ettha ca “p±ram²”ti pada½ etassatthassa s±dhaka½. Tath± hi p±ram²ti parati, p±reti c±ti paramo, d±n±d²na½ guº±na½ p±lako p³rako ca mah±bodhisatto. Paramassa ida½, paramassa v± bh±vo, kamma½ v± p±ram², d±n±dikriy±. Gar³hi pana “p³ret²ti paramo, d±n±d²na½ guº±na½ p³rako p±lako c±”ti vutta½, ta½ v²ma½sitaba½.
Vara varaºe. Varati. V±raºo, varuºo.
Gira niggiraºo. Niggiraºa½ paggharaºa½. Girati, giri.
Ettha gir²ti pabbat±, yo ‘selo”ti-±d²hi anekehi n±mehi kathiyati. So hi sandhisaªkh±tehi pabbehi citatt± pabbamassa atth²ti pabbato. Himavaman±divasena jalassa s±rabh³t±na½ bhesajj±divatth³nañca giraºato gir²ti vuccati.
Im±ni panassa n±m±ni–
Pabbato acalo selo, nago giri mah²dharo;
addi siluccayo c±ti, giripaººattiyo im±.
Sura issariyaditt²su. Surati. Suro, asuro.
Tatra saroti surati ²sati devissariya½ p±puº±ti virocati c±ti suro. Sundar± r± v±c± ass±ti v± suro, devo. Dev±bhidh±n±ni div±digaºe pak±sess±ma. Asuroti devo viya na surati na ²sati na virocati c±ti asuro. Sur±na½ v± paµipakkho mittapaµipakkh± amitt± viy±ti asuro, d±navo, yo “pubbadevo”tipi vuccati. Tath± hi kumbhaj±take vutta½–
“Ya½ ve pivitv± pubbadev± pamatt±,
tidiv± cut± sassatiy± sam±y±;
ta½ t±disa½ majjamima½ nirattha½,
j±na½ mah±r±ja katha½ piveyy±”ti.
Sag±th±vaggasa½vaººan±ya½ pana “na sura½ pivimha, na sura½ pivimh±’ti ±ha½su, tato paµµh±ya asur± n±ma j±t±”ti vutta½.
Im±ni tadabhidh±n±ni–
Asuro pubbadevo ca, d±navo devat±ri tu;
n±m±ni asur±nanti, im±ni niddise vid³.
P±ko iti tu ya½ n±ma½, ekassa asurassa tu;
paººatt²tipi ekacce, garavo pana abravu½.
Kura sadde akkose ca. Kurati. Kuraro, kurar². Kummo, kumm².
Khura chedane vilekhane ca. Khurati. Khuro.
Mura sa½veµhane. Murati. Muro, moro.
Ghura abhimatta saddesu. Ghurati. Ghoro.
Pura aggagamane. Aggagamana½ n±ma padh±nagamana½, paµhamameva gamana½ v±. Purati. Pura½, pur². Av±purati. Av±pureta½ amatassa dv±ra½. Av±puraºa½ ±d±ya gacchati.
Tattha puranti r±jadh±n². Tath± hi “nagara½ pura½ pur² r±jadh±n²”ti ete pariy±y±. “Eso ±¼±riko poso, kum±r² puramantare”ti-±d²su pana geha½ “puran”ti vuccati. Padh±nat±ya purato purato gamanena gantabbanti pura½, r±jadh±n² ceva gehañca. Av±puraºanti av±puranti vivaranti dv±ra½ eten±ti av±puraºa½, ya½ “kuñcik±”tipi “t±¼o”tipi vuccati. Av±purat²ti-±d²su ava ±iccubho upasagg±ti daµµhabb±.
Phara pharaºe. Pharaºa½ n±ma by±pana½ gamana½ v±. Sama½ pharati s²tena. ¾h±rattha½ pharati. Pharaºa½.
Gara uggame. Garati. Garu.
Gar³ti m±t±pit±dayo g±ravayuttapuggal±. Te hi garanti uggacchanti uggat± p±kaµ± hont²ti gar³ti vuccanti. Apica p±s±ºacchatta½ viya bh±riyaµµhena gar³ti vuccanti. Garusaddo “idam±sana½ atra bhava½ nis²datu, bhavañhi me aññataro gar³nan”ti ettha m±t±pit³su dissati. “Sanar±maralokagarun”ti ettha sabbalok±cariye sabbaññumhi. Apica garusaddo aññesvatthesupi dissati. Sabbameta½ ekato katv± atrida½ vuccati–
M±t±pit±cariyesu, dujjare alahumhi ca;
mahante cuggate ceva, nichek±dikaresu ca;
tath± vaººavisesesu, garusaddo pavattati.
Keci pan±cariy± “garu gar³”ti ca dvidh± gahetv± bh±riyav±cakatte garusaddo µhito. ¾cariyav±cakatte pana gurusaddoti vadanti, ta½ na gahetabba½. P±¼ivisaye hi sabbesampi yath±vutt±na½ atth±na½ v±cakatte garusaddoyeva icchitabbo, ak±rassa ±k±rabh±ve “g±ravan”ti savuddhikassa taddhitantapadassa dassanato. Sakkaµabh±s±visaye pana gurusaddoyeva icchitabbo, uk±rassa vuddhibh±ve aññath± taddhitantapadassa dassanato.
Mara p±ºac±ge. Marati. Mattu½. Maritv±. Hetukattari “puriso purisa½ m±reti, m±rayati. Puriso purisena purisa½ m±r±peti, m±r±payati. Puriso purisa½ m±retu½ m±retv±” icc±d²ni r³p±ni. Macco. Maru. Maraºa½, maccu. Maµµu. M±ro.
Tattha mattunti maritu½. Tath± hi al²nasattuj±take “yo mattumicche pituno pamokkh±”ti p±¼i dissati. Maccoti maritabbasabh±vat±ya “macco”ti laddhan±mo satto Mar³ti d²gh±yukopi sam±no maraºas²loti maru, devo. Maraºanti cuti.
Maraºa½ antako maccu, hinda½ k±lo ca maµµu ca;
nikkhepo cuti cet±ni, n±m±ni maraºassa ve.
M±roti satt±na½ kusala½ m±ret²ti m±ro, k±madevo.
Im±nissa n±m±ni–
M±ro namuci kaºho ca, vasavatti paj±pati;
pamattabandhu maddano, p±pim± dabbakopi ca;
kandappo ca ratipati, k±mo ca kusum±yudho.
Aññe aññ±nipi n±m±ni vadanti, t±ni s±san±nulom±ni na hont²ti idha na dassit±ni. Aµµhakath±su pana “m±ro, namuci, kaºho, pamattabandh³”ti catt±rova n±m±ni ±gat±ni.
Ettha ca m±roti devaputtam±rena saddhi½ pañca m±r± kilesam±ro khandham±ro abhisaªkh±ram±ro maccum±ro devaputtam±roti.
Dhara avatth±ne. Dharati.
Bhara posane. Bharati. Bharito, bhatt±.
Thara santharaºe. Tharati, santharati. Santharaºa½.
Dara vid±raºe. Bh³mi½ darati. Kud±lo.
Dara d±he. K±yo darati. Daro, daratho.
Tira adhogatiya½. Tirati. Tiracch±no, tiracch± v±.
Ara gatiya½. Arati. Attha½, attho, utu.
Ettha attha½ vuccati nibb±na½. Ta½ ta½ sattakicca½ arati vattet²ti utu.

Rak±rantadh±tur³p±ni.