7. Niggah²tantapulliªgan±mikapadam±l±

Atha pubb±cariyamata½ purecara½ katv± niggah²tantapulliªg±na½ bhavanta karontaicc±dikassa pakatir³passa n±mikapadam±la½ vakkh±ma–

Gaccha½ maha½ cara½ tiµµha½, dada½ bhuñja½ suºa½ paca½;
jaya½ jara½ cava½ m²ya½, sara½ kubba½ japa½ vaja½.

Gaccha½, gacchanto, gacchant±. Gacchanta½, gacchante. Gacchat±, gacchantehi, gacchanteti. Gacchato, gacchantassa, gacchant±na½, gacchata½. Gacchat±, gacchantehi, gacchantebhi. Gacchato, gacchantassa, gacchant±na½, gacchata½. Gacchati, gacchantesu. Bho gaccha½, bho gacch±, bhavanto gacchanto.

Gacch±d²ni aññ±ni ca ta½sadis±na½ eva½ ñeyy±n²ti yamakamah±theramata½. Kiñc±pettha tatiyekavacanaµµh±n±d²su “gacchantena, gacchant±, gacchantasm±, gacchantamh±, gacchantasmi½, gacchantamh²”ti im±ni pad±ni n±gat±ni, tath±pi tattha tattha payogadassanato gahetabb±ni.

Tatra yamakamah±therena ±lapanavacanaµµh±neyeva “gacchanto, mahanto, caranto”ti-±d²na½ bahuvacanatta½ kathita½, paccattavacanaµµh±ne ekavacanatta½. Kehici pana paccattavacanaµµh±ne ekavacanabahuvacanatta½, ±lapanavacanaµµh±ne bahuvacanatta½yeva kathita½. “Gaccha½, maha½, caran”ti-±d²na½ pana ±lapanaµµh±ne ekavacanatta½. Maya½ pana buddhavacane anek±su c±µµhakath±su “gacchanto, mahanto”ti-±d²na½ bahuvacanappayog±na½ “gaccha½, maha½”icc±d²nañca s±nus±r±lapanekavacanappayog±na½ adassanato “gacchanto bh±radv±jo. Sa gaccha½ na nivattati. Mahanto lokasanniv±so”ti-±d²na½ pana paccattekavacanappayog±naññeva dassanato t±dis±ni r³p±ni anijjh±nakkham±ni viya maññ±ma. Niruttipiµake paccatt±lapanaµµh±ne “mahanto, bhavanto, caranto”ti-±d²na½ bahuvacanattameva kathita½, na ekavacanatta½. Tath± hi tattha “maha½ bhava½ cara½ tiµµhan”ti g±tha½ vatv± “maha½ tiµµhati, mahanto tiµµhant²”ti ca, “bho mah±, bhavanto mahanto”ti ca, “bhava½ tiµµhati, bhavanto tiµµhant²”ti ca ±di vutta½.

Ettha pana “bhava½, bhavanto”ti pad±ni yattha “honto hont±”ti kriyattha½ na vadanti, tattha “bhava½ kacc±no. M± bhavanto eva½ avacutth±”ti-±d²su viya aññasmi½ atthe patanato ekavacanabahuvacan±ni bhavanti, tasm± “santo sappuris± loke”ti ettha “santo”ti padassa viya “arahanto samm±sambuddh±”ti ettha “arahanto”ti padassa viya ca “bhavanto”ti padassa bahuvacanatta½ nijjh±nakkhama½. “Mahanto, caranto, tiµµhanto”ti-±d²na½ pana bahuvacanatta½ na nijjh±nakkhama½ viya amhe paµibh±ti. Na hi katthacipi “santo, arahanto, bhavanto”ti padavajjit±na½ “gacchanto, mahanto, caranto”ti-±d²na½ anekapadasat±na½ bahuvacanantat±payoge pass±ma. Tath± hi–

Bavhatte katthaci µh±ne, “j±na”micc±dayo yath±;
dissanti neva½ bavhatte, “gacchanto” iti-±dayo.
Bavhatte katthaci µh±ne, “santo” icc±dayopi ca;
dissanti neva½ bavhatte, “gacchanto” iti-±dayo.
“Arahanto”ti bavhatte, ekanteneva dissati;
neva½ dissanti bavhatte, “gacchanto” iti-±dayo.
Anekasatap±µhesu, “viharanto”ti-±d²su;
ekassapi bahukatte, pavatti na tu dissati.
Bahuvacananayena, “gacchanto”ti padassa hi;
gahaºe sati bahavo, dos± dissanti saccato.
Yathekamhi ghare da¹¹he, da¹¹h± s±m²pik± ghar±;
tath± bavhattav±citte, “gacchanto”ti padassa tu.
“Viharanto”ti-±d²na½, bavhattav±cit± siy±;
r³panayo aniµµho ca, gahetabbo anekadh±.

Eva½ santepi yasm± “niruttipiµaka½ n±ma pabhinnapaµisambhidena mah±kh²º±savena mah±kacc±yanena katan”ti loke pasiddha½, tasm± ida½ µh±na½ punappuna½ upaparikkhitabba½. Kiñc±pettha there g±ravena eva½ vutta½, tath±pi p±¼inaya½ garu½ katv± diµµhenekavacananayena adiµµho bahuvacananayo cha¹¹etabbo. Eva½ sati niggah²tantesu nayo sobhano bhavati. Aya½ pana amh±ka½ ruci–

“Bhava½ kara½ araha½ sa½, maha½” iti pad±ni tu;
visadis±ni sambhonti, aññamaññanti lakkhaye.
“Gaccha½ cara½ dada½ tiµµha½, cintaya½ bh±vaya½ vada½;
j±na½ passan”ti-±d²ni, sadis±ni bhavanti hi.
Tatra “j±nan”ti-±d²ni, katthaci parivattare;
vibhattiliªgavacana-vasen±ti vibh±vaye.

Tatra t±va bhavantasaddassa n±mikapadam±l± vuccati– bhava½saddo hi “va¹¹hanto, honto”ti atthepi vadati. Tesa½ vasena aya½ n±mikapadam±l±.

Bhava½, bhavanto, bhavant±. Bhavanta½, bhavante. Bhavantena, bhavantehi, bhavantebhi. Bhavantassa, bhavant±na½. Bhavant±, bhavantasm±, bhavantamh±, bhavantehi, bhavantebhi. Bhavantassa, bhavant±na½. Bhavante, bhavantasmi½, bhavantamhi, bhavantesu. He bhavanta, he bhavant±.

Tattha “bhava½, bhavanto”ti-±d²na½ “va¹¹hantohonto”ti-±din± attho daµµhabbo. Tath± hi “suvij±no bhava½ hoti. Dhammak±mo bhava½ hoti. R±j± bhavanto n±n±sampatt²hi modati. Ku¼²radaho gaªg±ya ek±baddho, gaªg±ya p³raºak±le gaªgodakena p³rati, udake mand² bhavante dahato udaka½ gaªg±ya otarat²”ti payog± bhavanti, tasm± aya½ n±mikapadam±l± s±rato paccetabb±. Ettha bhava½saddamatta½ vajjetv± gaccham±nacaram±nasadd±d²su viya bhavantasadde “bhavanto, bhavant±”ti purisanayopi labbhati, napu½sakaliªge vattabbe “bhavanta½, bhavant±n²”ti cittanayopi labbhati. Eva½ va¹¹hanabhavanatthav±cakassa bhavantasaddassa n±mikapadam±l± veditabb±.

Ayañca viseso “bhavanto”ti pada½ va¹¹hanabhavanatthato aññatthe vattam±na½ bahuvacanameva hoti, yath± “bhavanto ±gacchant²”ti. Va¹¹hanabhavanatthesu vattam±na½ ekavacanameva. Atrime payog± “anupubbena bhavanto viññuta½ p±puº±ti. Samaºena n±ma ²disesu kammesu aby±vaµena bhavitabba½, eva½ bhavanto hi samaºo susamaºo ass±”ti. “Bhava½” iti pada½ pana ubhayatth±pi ekavacanameva, tasm± id±ni “bhava½ ±nando. Bhavanto ±gacchanti, appasadd± bhavanto hontu, m± bhonto saddamakatth±”ti evam±dipayogadassanavasena voh±ravisese pavatta½ añña½ attha½ paµicca apar±pi n±mikapadam±l± vuccate–

Bhava½, bhavanto, bhonto. Bhavanta½, bhavante. Bhavat±, bhot±, bhavantena, bhavantehi, bhavantebhi. Bhavato, bhoto, bhavantassa, bhavant±na½, bhavata½. Bhavat±, bhot±, bhavantehi, bhavantebhi. Bhavato, bhoto, bhavantassa, bhavant±na½, bhavata½. Bhavati, bhavante, bhavantasmi½, bhavantamhi, bhavantesu. Bho, bhavanto, bhonto iti.

Ettha pana “bho”icc±d²ni t²ºi pad±ni yasm± voh±ravisesapavatt±ni ±lapanapad±ni honti, tasm± “±vuso, bhante”ti pad±ni viya bhosadd±di-upapadavant±ni na bhavanti, “bho purisa, bhavanto br±hmaº±, bhonto samaº±, bho r±ja”icc±d²su hi purisasadd±dayoyeva bhosadd±di upapadavanto bhavanti. Idha ca “bhava½ ±nando”ti ettha bhava½saddena sam±natth±ni “bho, bhavanto, bhonto”ti pad±ni vutt±ni, na pana “dhammak±mo bhava½ hot²”ti ettha bhava½saddena sam±natth±ni. Paµhamasmiñhi naye va¹¹hanatthavasena “bho bhavanta, bhavanto bhavant±, bhonto bhavant±”ti bhosadd±dayo ±lapanapad±na½ upapad±ni bhavanti, na dutiyasmi½ naye. ¾me¹itavasena pana “bho bho, bhavanto bhavanto, bhonto bhonto”ti pad±ni bhavanti yath± “bhante bhante”ti.

Atrida½ bh³dh±tuvasena saªkhepato p±¼inidassana½– kasm± bhava½ vijjanamaraññanissito. Katha½ pan±ha½ bho ta½ bhavanta½ gotama½ j±niss±mi. Eva½ bhoti kho ambaµµho m±ºavo br±hmaºassa pokkharas±tissa paµissutv±. M± bhavanto eva½ avacuttha. Ima½ bhonto nis±metha. Eva½ bho purisa j±n±hi, p±padhamm± asaññat± iccevam±di. Ettha “bhava½”icc±d²ni bh³dh±tumay±ni n±mapad±n²ti veditabb±ni.

Apica tesu “bho, bhavanto, bhonto”ti im±ni nip±tapad±nipi hont²ti vavatthapetabba½. “Bho puris±”ti-±d²su tesa½ nip±t±nip±tabh±ve viv±do na karaº²yo. Kacc±yanasmiñhi “bho ge t³”ti vutta½. Aññattha pana “±mantanatthe nip±to”ti-±di vutta½. Tath± hi niruttimañj³s±ya½ vutta½ “bhotida½ ±mantanatthe nip±to. So na kevala½ ekavacanameva hoti, atha kho bahuvacanampi hot²ti ‘bho puris±’ti bahuvacanappayogopi gahito. ‘Bhavanto’ti pada½ pana bahuvacanameva hot²ti ‘puris±’ti puna vuttan”ti. P±¼iyañhi aµµhakath±su ca nip±tabh³to bhosaddo ekavacanabahuvacanavasena dvidh± dissati, itare pana bahuvacanavaseneva dissanti. Tesa½ tu nip±tapadatte r³panipph±danakicca½ natthi. Tesu bhosaddassa nip±tapadatt± ±haccabh±site nijj²v±lapane itthiliªgavisayo “ummujja bho puthusile, pariplava bho puthusile”ti payogopi dissati. Atrim± bhosaddassa pavattiparid²pan² g±th±yo–

“Ito bho sugati½ gaccha, manuss±na½ sahabyata½”;
evam±d²su bhosaddo, ekavacanako mato.
“Passatha bho ima½ kula-putta”miccevam±disu;
bahuvacanako eso, bhosaddoti vibh±vaye.
Puggal±lapane ceva, dhammass±lapanepi ca;
nijj²v±lapane c±ti, bhosaddo t²su dissati.
Tatra dhamm±lapanamhi, ekavacova labbhati;
itaresu siy± deka-vaco bahuvacopi ca.
Nicchitabba½ guº²pada½, dhammass±lapane dhuva½;
“acchariya½ vata bho”ti, idamettha nidassana½.
Icchitabba½ guº²pada½, puggal±lapane pana;
“eva½ bho purisa j±n±hi”, idamettha nidassana½.
Guº²pada½ asantampi, puggal±lapanamhi tu;
ajjh±haritv± p±vade, attha½ “bho ehi”±disu.
Ghaµ±d²na½ ±lapana½, nijj²v±lapana½ bhave;
j²va½va lokiy± loke, ±lapanti kad±ci tu.
Nijj²v±lapana½ appa½, atthaviññ±pane siy±;
“ummujja bho puthusile”, iti p±¼i nidassana½.
Ettha liªgavipall±sa½, keci icchanti paº¹it±;
tesa½ matena bhot²ti, liªga½ vipariº±maye.
Atha v± pana bhosaddo, nip±to sopada½ viya;
tasm± virodhat± n±ssa, tiliªge vacanadvaye.
Eva½ santepi bhosaddo, dviliªgeyeva p±yato;
yasm± diµµho tato viññ³, dviliªgeyeva ta½ vade.
Itthiliªgamhi sampatte, “bho”ti iti payojaye;
eva½vidha½ payogañhi, suppayoga½ budh±bravu½.
Yajjeva½ duppayoga½va, siy± tumhehi dassita½;
“ummujja bho puthusile”, icc±haccapadanti ce.
Duppayoga½ na ta½ yasm±, voh±rakusalena ve;
jinena bh±site dhamme, duppayog± na vijjare.
Itthiliªgassa visaye, bhotisaddappayojana½;
kav²na½ peman²yanti, may± evamud²rita½.

Eva½ bhavantasaddassa n±mikapadam±l± p±¼inay±nur³pa½ dvidh± vibhatt± va¹¹hanabhavanatthatadaññatthavasena.