Paññ±pabhedakath±vaººan±

425. Dhammasabh±vapaµivedho n±ma paññ±ya ±veºiko sabh±vo, na tenass± koci vibh±go labbhat²ti ±ha “dhammasabh±vapaµivedhalakkhaºena t±va ekavidh±”ti. Lujjanapalujjanaµµhena loko vuccati vaµµa½, tappariy±pannat±ya loke niyutt±, tattha v± vidit±ti lokiy±. Tattha apariy±pannat±ya lokato uttar± uttiºº±ti lokuttar±. Lokuttar±pi hi maggasampayutt± bh±vetabb±. Vipassan±pariy±yopi tass± labbhatev±ti lokuttara-ggahaºa½ na virujjhati. Att±na½ ±rammaºa½ katv± pavattehi saha ±saveh²ti s±sav±, ±rammaºakaraºavasenapi natthi etiss± ±sav±ti an±sav±. ¾di-saddena ±savavippayuttas±savaduk±d²na½ saªgaho daµµhabbo. N±mar³pavavatth±navasen±ti n±mavavatth±navasena, r³pavavatth±navasena ca. Paµhama½ nibb±nadassanato dassanañca, nissayabh±vato sampayutt± dhamm± bhavanti ettha, sayampi v± bhavati uppajjati na nibb±na½ viya ap±tubh±vanti bh³mi c±ti dassanabh³mi, paµhamamaggo. Sesamaggattaya½ pana yasm± paµhamamaggena diµµhasmi½yeva dhamme bh±van±vasena uppajjati, na adiµµhapubba½ kiñci passati, tasm± bh±van± ca yath±vuttenatthena bh³mi c±ti bh±van±bh³mi. Tattha paññ± dassanabh³mibh±van±bh³mivasena duvidh±ti vutt±. Sut±dinirapekkh±ya cint±ya nibbatt± cint±may±. Eva½ sutamay±, bh±van±may± ca. Mayasaddo pacceka½ sambandhitabbo. ¾ye va¹¹hiya½ kosalla½ ±yakosalla½, ap±ye ava¹¹hiya½ kosalla½ ap±yakosalla½, up±ye tassa tassa atthassa nibbattik±raºe kosalla½ up±yakosallanti visu½ visu½ kosallapada½ sambandhitabba½. Ajjhatta½ abhiniveso paµipajjana½ etiss±ti ajjhatt±bhinives±. Eva½ bahiddh±bhinives±, ubhay±bhinives± ca veditabb±.

426. Lokiyamaggasampayutt±ti lokiyakusalacittupp±desu maggasampayutt±, visesato diµµhivisuddhi-±divisuddhicatukkasaªgahitamaggasampayutt±. Samud±yesu pavatt± samaññ± tadekadesesupi vattat²ti ±ha “maggasampayutt±”ti, paccekampi v± samm±diµµhi-±d²na½ maggasamaññ±ti katv± eva½ vutta½.

Dhamman±natt±bh±vepi padatthan±nattamattena dukkaravacana½ hot²ti vutta½ “atthato panes± lokiyalokuttar±v±”ti. ¾savavippayuttas±savaduk±d²supi vippayuttat±diggahaºameva viseso, atthato lokiyalokuttar±va paññ±ti ±ha “eseva nayo”ti. ¾di-saddena oghan²ya-oghavippayutta-oghan²y±diduk±na½ saªgaho daµµhabbo. Paµhamajjh±nik±ni catt±ri maggacitt±ni, tath± dutiy±dijjh±nik±ni c±ti eva½ so¼asasu maggacittesu. Vipassan±paññ±ya idha adhippetatt± mahaggatapaññ± na gahit±.

427. Attano cint±vasen±ti tassa tassa anavajjassa atthassa s±dhane paropadesena vin± attano up±yacint±vaseneva. Sutavasen±ti yath±sutassa paropadesassa vasena. Yath± tath± v±ti parato upadesa½ sutv± v± asutv± v± sayameva bh±vana½ anuyuñjantassa. “Appan±ppatt±”ti ida½ sikh±ppattabh±van±maya½ dassetu½ vutta½, na pana “appan±ppatt±va bh±van±may±”ti.

Yogavihites³ti paññ±vihitesu paññ±pariº±mitesu up±yasamp±ditesu. Kamm±yatanes³ti ettha kammameva kamm±yatana½, kammañca ta½ ±yatanañca ±j²v±nanti v± kamm±yatana½. Esa nayo sipp±yatanesupi. Tattha duvidha½ kamma½ h²nañca va¹¹hak²kamm±di, ukkaµµhañca kasiv±ºij±di. Sippampi duvidha½ h²nañca na¼ak±rasipp±di, ukkaµµhañca mudd±gaºan±di. Vijj±va vijj±µµh±na½. Ta½ dhammikameva n±gamaº¹alaparittaphudhamanakamantasadisa½ veditabba½. T±ni panet±ni ekacce paº¹it± bodhisattasadis± manuss±na½ ph±suvih±ra½ ±kaªkhant± neva aññehi kariyam±n±ni passanti, na v± kat±ni uggaºhanti, na kathent±na½ suºanti. Atha kho attano dhammat±ya cint±ya karonti, paññavantehi attano dhammat±ya cint±ya kat±nipi aññehi uggaºhitv± karontehi katasadis±neva honti.

Kammassakatanti “ida½ kamma½ satt±na½ saka½, ida½ no sakan”ti eva½ j±nanañ±ºa½. Sacc±nulomikanti vipassan±ñ±ºa½. Ta½ hi saccapaµivedhassa anulomanato “sacc±nulomikan”ti vuccati. Id±nissa pavattan±k±ra½ dassetu½ “r³pa½ aniccanti v±”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha v±-saddena aniyamatthena dukkh±nattalakkhaº±nipi gahit±nev±ti daµµhabba½ n±nantariyakabh±vato. Ya½ hi anicca½, ta½ dukkha½. Ya½ dukkha½, tadanatt±ti. Ya½ evar³pinti ya½ eva½ heµµh± niddiµµhasabh±va½. Anulomika½ khantinti-±d²ni paññ±vevacan±ni. S± hi heµµh± vutt±na½ kamm±yatan±d²na½ apaccan²kadassanena anulomanato, tath± satt±na½ hitacariy±ya maggasaccassa, paramatthasaccassa, nibb±nassa ca avilomanato anulomet²ti anulomik±. Sabb±nipi et±ni k±raº±ni khamati daµµhu½ sakkot²ti khanti. Passat²ti diµµhi. Rocet²ti ruci. Mun±t²ti muti. Pekkhat²ti pekkh±. Te ca kamm±yatan±dayo dhamm± et±ya nijjh±yam±n± nijjh±na½ khamant²ti dhammanijjh±nakhanti. Parato asutv± paµilabhat²ti aññassa upadesavacana½ asutv± sayameva cintento paµilabhati. Aya½ vuccat²ti aya½ cint±may± paññ± n±ma vuccati. S± panes± abhiññ±t±na½ bodhisatt±nameva uppajjati. Tatth±pi sacc±nulomikañ±ºa½ dvinna½yeva bodhisatt±na½ antimabhavik±na½, sesapaññ± sabbesampi p³ritap±ram²na½ mah±paññ±na½ uppajjati. Parato sutv± paµilabhat²ti kamm±yatan±d²ni parena kariyam±n±ni v± kat±ni v± disv±pi parassa kathayam±nassa vacana½ sutv±pi ±cariyasantike uggahetv±pi paµiladdh± sabb± parato sutv±va paµiladdh± n±m±ti veditabb±. Sam±pannass±ti sam±pattisamaªgissa, nidassanamattañceta½. Vipassan±maggapaññ± idha “bh±van±may± paññ±”ti adhippet±.

S±ti “paritt±rammaº± mahaggat±rammaº±”ti (vibha. 753) vuttapaññ±. Lokiyavipassan±ti lokiyavipassan±paññ±. S± lokuttaravipassan±ti y± nibb±na½ ±rabbha pavatt± appam±º±rammaº± paññ± vutt±, s± lokuttaravipassan±ti maggapañña½ sandh±y±ha. S± hi saªkh±r±na½ aniccat±di½ agaºhant²pi vipassan±kiccap±rip³riy±, nibb±nassa v± tathalakkhaºa½ visesato passat²ti vipassan±ti vuccati. Gotrabhuñ±ºa½ pana kiñc±pi appam±º±rammaºa½, maggassa pana ±vajjanaµµh±niyatt± na vipassan±voh±ra½ labhati.

Ayanti et±ya sampattiyoti ±yo, vuddhi. Tattha kosallanti tasmi½ anatthah±ni-atthuppattilakkhaºe ±ye kosalla½ kusalat± nipuºat±.

Ta½ pana ekantika½ ±yakosalla½ p±¼ivaseneva dassetu½ “ime dhamme”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha ida½ vuccat²ti y± imesa½ akusaladhamm±na½ anuppattipah±nesu, kusaladhamm±nañca uppattiµµhit²su paññ±, ida½ ±yakosalla½ n±m±ti vuccati.

Vuddhilakkhaº± ±yato apetatt± ap±yo, avuddhi. Tattha kosallanti tasmi½ atthah±ni-anatthuppattilakkhaºe ap±ye kosalla½ kusalat± ap±yakosalla½. Tampi p±¼ivaseneva dassetu½ “ime dhamme”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha ida½ vuccat²ti y± imesa½ kusaladhamm±na½ anuppajjananirujjhanesu, akusaladhamm±na½ v± uppattiµµhit²su paññ±, ida½ ap±yakosalla½ n±m±ti vuccati. ¾yakosalla½ t±va paññ± hotu, ap±yakosalla½ katha½ paññ± n±ma j±t±ti? Eva½ maññati “ap±yupp±danasamatthat± ap±yakosalla½ n±ma siy±”ti, ta½ pana tassa matimatta½. Kasm±? Paññav± eva hi “mayha½ eva½ manasi karoto anuppann± kusal± dhamm± nuppajjanti, uppann± nirujjhanti. Anuppann± akusal± dhamm± uppajjanti, uppann± pava¹¹hant²”ti paj±n±ti, so eva½ ñatv± anuppanne akusale na upp±deti, uppanne pajahati. Anuppanne kusale upp±deti, uppanne bh±van±p±rip³ri½ p±peti. Eva½ ap±yakosallampi paññ± ev±ti.

Sabbatth±ti sabbesu. Tesa½ tesa½ dhamm±nanti satt±na½ ta½ta½hitasukhadhamm±na½. Taªkhaºappavattanti acc±yike kicce v± bhaye v± uppanne tassa tikicchanattha½ tasmi½yeva khaºe pavatta½. Ýh±nena uppatti etassa atth²ti µh±nuppattika½, µh±naso eva uppajjanaka½. Tatrup±y±ti tatra tatra karaº²ye up±yabh³t±.

Gahetv±ti “ida½ r³pa½, ettaka½ r³pan”ti-±din± pariggaºhanavasena gahetv±. Ubhaya½ gahetv±ti “ajjhatta½ bahiddh±”ti ubhaya½ anupubbato pariggahetv±. Atha v± “ya½ kiñci samudayadhamma½, sabba½ ta½ nirodhadhamman”ti ekappah±reneva sabbepi pañcakkhandhe avibh±gena pariggahetv±. Aya½ pana tikkhavipassakassa mah±puññassa bhikkhuno vipassan±bhiniveso.

428. Dukkhasacca½ ±rabbh±ti dukkhasacca½ ±rammaºa½ katv±, tappaµicch±dakasammohavidha½sanavasena ca pavatta½ ñ±ºa½ dukkhe ñ±ºa½. Dukkhasamudaya½ ±rabbh±ti etth±pi eseva nayo. Tath± sesapadadvayepi. Paccavekkhaºañ±ºa½ hi catusacca½ ±rabbha pavattañ±ºa½ n±ma, tatiya½ pana maggañ±ºa½, itarasacc±ni vipassan±ñ±ºanti p±kaµameva.

“Atth±d²su pabhedagat±ni ñ±º±n²”ti saªkhepena vuttamattha½ p±¼ivaseneva vivaritu½ “vuttañhetan”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha atthe ñ±ºa½ atthapaµisambhid±ti ya½ atthappabhedassa sallakkhaºavibh±vanavavatth±nakaraºasamattha½ atthe pabhedagata½ ñ±ºa½, aya½ atthapaµisambhid± n±ma. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Dhammappabhedassa hi sallakkhaºavibh±vanavavatth±nakaraºasamattha½ dhamme pabhedagata½ ñ±ºa½ dhammapaµisambhid±. Niruttippabhedassa sallakkhaºavibh±vanavavatth±nakaraºasamattha½ nirutt±bhil±pe pabhedagata½ ñ±ºa½ niruttipaµisambhid±. Paµibh±nappabhedassa sallakkhaºavibh±vanavavatth±nakaraºasamattha½ paµibh±ne pabhedagata½ ñ±ºa½ paµibh±napaµisambhid±. Niruttipaµibh±nappabhed± tabbisay±na½ atth±d²na½ paccayuppannat±dibhedehi bhinditv± veditabb±.

Nibb±nampi samp±pakahetu-anus±rena ar²yati, adhigammat²ti attho. “Ya½ kiñci paccayasambh³tan”ti etena saccahetudhammapaccay±k±rav±resu ±gat±ni dukkh±d²ni gahit±ni. Saccapaccay±k±rav±resu nibb±na½, pariyattiv±re bh±sitattho, abhidhammabh±jan²ye vip±ko, kiriy± c±ti eva½ p±¼iya½ vutt±na½ eva vasena pañca atth± veditabb±. Dahat²ti vidahati, nibbattakahetu-±d²na½ s±dh±raºameta½ nibbacana½. Tadattha½ pana vibh±vetu½ “pavatteti v± samp±puºitu½ v± det²”ti vutta½. Tesu purimo attho maggavajjesu daµµhabbo. Bh±sitampi hi avabodhanavasena attha½ pavatteti, maggo pana nibb±na½ p±pet²ti tasmi½ pacchimo attho. Nibb±na½ hi pattabbo attho, bh±sitattho ñ±petabbo attho, itaro nibbattetabbo atthoti eva½ tividho hoti.

“Yo koci phalanibbattako het³”ti etena saccahetudhammapaccay±k±rav±resu ±gat±ni samuday±d²ni gahit±ni, saccapaccay±k±rav±resu maggo, pariyattiv±re bh±sita½, abhidhammabh±jan²ye kusal±kusalanti eva½ p±¼iya½ vutt±na½ eva vasena pañca dhamm± veditabb±. Tattha maggo samp±pako, bh±sita½ ñ±pako, itara½ nibbattakoti eva½ tividho hetu veditabbo. Ettha ca kiriy±na½ avip±kat±ya dhammabh±vo na vutto. Yadi eva½ vip±k± na hont²ti atthabh±vopi na vattabbo? Na, paccayuppannabh±vato. Eva½ sati kusal±kusal±nampi atthabh±vo ±pajjat²ti ce? N±ya½ doso appaµisiddhatt±. Vip±kassa pana padh±nahetut±ya p±kaµabh±vato dhammabh±vo eva tesa½ vutto. Kiriy±na½ paccayabh±vato dhammabh±vo ±pajjat²ti ce? N±ya½ doso appaµisiddhatt±. Kammaphalasambandhassa pana hetubh±vass±bh±vato dhammabh±vo na vutto. Apica “aya½ imassa paccayo, aya½ paccayuppanno”ti eta½ bhedamakatv± kevala½ kusal±kusale, vip±kakiriy±dhamme ca paccavekkhantassa dhammatthapaµisambhid± hont²ti tesa½ atthadhammat± na vutt±ti daµµhabba½.

Ayameva hi atthoti yv±ya½ atthadhamm±na½ pañcadh± vibhajanavasena attho vutto, ayameva abhidhamme vibhajitv± dassitoti sambandho.

“Dhammanirutt±bhil±pe”ti ettha dhamma-saddo sabh±vav±cakoti katv± ±ha “sabh±vanirutt²”ti, avipar²tanirutt²ti attho. Ten±ha “abyabhic±r² voh±ro”ti, tassa tassa atthassa bodhane paµiniyatasambandho saddavoh±roti attho. Tadabhil±peti tassa sabh±vaniruttisaññitassa abyabhic±rivoh±rassa abhil±pane. S± pan±ya½ sabh±vanirutti m±gadhabh±s±. Atthato n±mapaññatt²ti ±cariy±. Apare pana yadi sabh±vanirutti paññattisabh±v±, eva½ sati paññatti abhilapitabb±, na vacananti ±pajjati. Na ca vacanato añña½ abhilapitabba½ ucc±retabba½ atthi. Atha phass±divacanehi bodhetabba½ abhilapitabba½, evañca sati atthadhamm±nampi bodhetabbatt± tesampi niruttibh±vo ±pajjati. Phassoti ca sabh±vanirutti, phassa½ phass±ti na sabh±vanirutt²ti dassitov±yamattho. Na ca avacana½ eva½pak±ra½ atthi. Tasm± vacanabh³t±ya eva tass± sabh±vaniruttiy± abhil±pe ucc±raºeti attho daµµhabbo.

Ta½ sabh±vaniruttisadda½ ±rammaºa½ katv± paccavekkhantassa tasmi½ sabh±vanirutt±bhil±pe pabhedagata½ ñ±ºa½ niruttipaµisambhid±, “evamaya½ niruttipaµisambhid± sadd±rammaº± n±ma j±t±, na paññatti-±rammaº±”ti (vibha. aµµha. 718) ca aµµhakath±ya½ vuttatt± niruttisadd±rammaº±ya sotaviññ±ºav²thiy± parato manodv±re niruttipaµisambhid± pavattat²ti vadanti. “Niruttipaµisambhid± paccuppann±rammaº±”ti (vibha. 749) ca vacanasadda½ gahetv± pacch± j±nana½ sandh±ya vuttanti. Eva½ pana aññasmi½ paccuppann±rammaºe añña½ paccuppann±rammaºa½ vuttanti ±pajjati. Yath± pana dibbasotañ±ºa½ manuss±disaddabhedanicchayassa paccayabh³ta½ ta½ta½saddavibh±vaka½, eva½ sabh±v±sabh±vaniruttinicchayassa paccayabh³ta½ paccuppannasabh±vaniruttisadd±rammaºa½ ta½vibh±vaka½ ñ±ºa½ niruttipaµisambhid±ti vuccam±ne na koci p±¼ivirodho. “Ta½ sabh±vaniruttisadda½ ±rammaºa½ katv± paccavekkhantass±”ti ca “paccuppannasadd±rammaºa½ paccavekkhaºa½ pavattentass±”ti na nasakk± vattu½. Tañhi ñ±ºa½ sabh±vanirutti½ vibh±ventameva ta½ta½saddapaccavekkhaº±nantara½ ta½ta½pabhedanicchayahetubh±vato nirutti½ bhindanta½ paµivijjhantameva uppajjat²ti pabhedagatampi hot²ti.

Sabbattha ñ±ºanti sabbasmi½ visaye ñ±ºa½, sabbampi ñ±ºanti adhipp±yo. Ten±ha “ñ±º±rammaºa½ ñ±ºan”ti. Sabbatth±ti v± sabbesu atth±d²su, t²su, cat³supi v± pavattatt±, kusalakiriy±bh³t±ya paµibh±napaµisambhid±ya dhammatthabh±vato t²su eva v± pavattatt± “sabbattha ñ±ºan”ti vutta½. Ten±ha “yath±vuttesu v±”ti-±di. Tattha sagocarakicc±divasen±ti sagocarassa, kicc±dikassa ca vasena “ida½ ñ±ºa½ ida½ n±ma ±rammaºa½ katv± pavatta½ imin± n±ma kiccen±”ti j±nana½. ¾di-saddena lakkhaºapaccupaµµh±napadaµµh±nabh³mi-±d²na½ saªgaho. Tenev±ha “im±ni ñ±º±ni idamatthajotak±n²”ti-±di.

429. Pabheda½ gacchant²ti anekabhedabhinnesu ±rammaºesu tesa½ y±th±vato ta½ta½pabhed±vabodhanasamatthata½ upagacchanti.

Mah±s±vak±nañca asekkhabh³miya½ pabheda½ gat±ti s±maññavidhin± dassitamattha½ apav±dena nivattetu½ ±nandatthera-ggahaºa½ kata½.

Et± paµisambhid±. Sekkhabh³miya½ pabhedagamana½ appavisaya½, asekkhabh³miya½ bahuvisayanti ±ha “adhigamo n±ma arahattappatt²”ti, s±tisaya½ v± adhigama½ sandh±ya eva½ vutta½. Sekkhena patt±nampi hi im±sa½ arahattappattiy± visadabh±v±dhigamoti Pubbayogo viya pana arahattappatti arahatopi paµisambhid±visadat±ya paccayo na na hot²ti pañcannampi yath±yoga½ sekkh±sekkhapaµisambhid±visadat±ya k±raºat± yojetabb±. Atthadhamm±d²na½ anavasesasaªgaºhanato buddhavacanavisay± eva pariyatti-±dayo dassit±. P±¼iy± sajjh±yo pariy±puºana½, tadatthasavana½ savana½, parito sabbaso ñ±tu½ icch± paripucch±ti ±ha “p±¼i-aµµhakath±d²su gaºµhipada-atthapadavinicchayakath±”ti, padatthato, adhipp±yato ca duviññeyyaµµh±na½ vitth±rato sanniµµh±nakath±ti attho. Yassa hi padassa attho duviññeyyo, ta½ gaºµhipada½, yassa adhipp±yo duviññeyyo, ta½ atthapada½. ¾di-saddena khandh±dipaµisa½yutte kath±magge saªgaºh±ti. Bh±van±nuyogasahita½ gata½, pacc±gatañca etassa atth²ti gatapacc±gatiko, tassa bh±vo, tena gatapacc±gatikabh±vena. Vasanaµµh±nato y±va gocarag±mo, tato ca y±va vasanaµµh±na½ kammaµµh±n±nuyuttoti attho. Y±va anulomagotrabhusam²panti saªkh±rupekkh±ñ±ºam±ha. Tañhi tesa½ sam²pappavatta½.

Satthes³ti anavajjesu satt±na½ hitasukh±vahesu ganthesu. Tath± sipp±yatanes³ti etth±pi. Pubbak±le ekasatar±j³na½ desabh±s± ekasatavoh±r±. Dhammapade (dha. pa. 1 ±dayo) yamakavaggo opammavaggoti vadanti, m³lapaºº±se (ma. ni. 1.325 ±dayo; 439 ±dayo) yamakavaggo opammavaggo ev±ti apare. Sutapaµibh±nabahul±nanti bahussut±na½ paµibh±navant±na½.

Sabb±n²ti pubbe vutt±ni pañca, pacch± vutt±ni aµµhapi v±. Sekkhaphalavimokkhapariyos±ne bhav± sekkhaphalavimokkhantik±. Ýh±n±µh±nañ±ºabal±d²ni sabbabuddhaguºesu sakiccato p±kaµatar±n²ti vutta½ “dasa bal±ni viy±”ti, aññe v± sabbaññutaññ±º±dayopi sabbe bhagavato guºavises± asekkhaphalavimokkhantik± eva.