Viññ±ºakkhandhakath±

451. Itaresu pana ya½kiñci vedayitalakkhaºa½, sabba½ ta½ ekato katv± vedan±kkhandho; ya½kiñci sañj±nanalakkhaºa½, sabba½ ta½ ekato katv± saññ±kkhandho; ya½kiñci abhisaªkharaºalakkhaºa½, sabba½ ta½ ekato katv± saªkh±rakkhandho; ya½kiñci vij±nanalakkhaºa½, sabba½ ta½ ekato katv± viññ±ºakkhandho veditabbo. Tattha yasm± viññ±ºakkhandhe viññ±te itare suviññeyy± honti, tasm± viññ±ºakkhandha½ ±di½ katv± vaººana½ kariss±ma.

Ya½kiñci vij±nanalakkhaºa½, sabba½ ta½ ekato katv± viññ±ºakkhandho veditabboti hi vutta½. Kiñca vij±nanalakkhaºa½ viññ±ºa½? Yath±ha “vij±n±ti vij±n±t²ti kho, ±vuso, tasm± viññ±ºanti vuccat²”ti (ma. ni. 1.449). Viññ±ºa½ citta½ manoti atthato eka½. Tadeta½ vij±nanalakkhaºena sabh±vato ekavidhampi j±tivasena tividha½ kusala½, akusala½, aby±katañca.

452. Tattha kusala½ bh³mibhedato catubbidha½ k±m±vacara½ r³p±vacara½ ar³p±vacara½ lokuttarañca. Tattha k±m±vacara½ somanassupekkh±ñ±ºasaªkh±rabhedato aµµhavidha½. Seyyathida½– somanassasahagata½ ñ±ºasampayutta½ asaªkh±ra½ sasaªkh±rañca, tath± ñ±ºavippayutta½. Upekkh±sahagata½ ñ±ºasampayutta½ asaªkh±ra½ sasaªkh±rañca, tath± ñ±ºavippayutta½.

Yad± hi deyyadhammapaµigg±hak±disampatti½ añña½ v± somanassahetu½ ±gamma haµµhapahaµµho “atthi dinnan”ti-±dinayappavatta½ (ma. ni. 1.441) samm±diµµhi½ purakkhatv± asa½s²danto anuss±hito parehi d±n±d²ni puññ±ni karoti, tad±ssa somanassasahagata½ ñ±ºasampayutta½ citta½ asaªkh±ra½ hoti. Yad± pana vuttanayena haµµhatuµµho samm±diµµhi½ purakkhatv± amuttac±gat±divasena sa½s²dam±no v± parehi v± uss±hito karoti, tad±ssa tadeva citta½ sasaªkh±ra½ hoti. Imasmiñhi atthe saªkh±roti eta½ attano v± paresa½ v± vasena pavattassa pubbapayogass±dhivacana½. Yad± pana ñ±tijanassa paµipattidassanena j±taparicay± b±lad±rak± bhikkh³ disv± somanassaj±t± sahas± kiñcideva hatthagata½ dadanti v± vandanti v±, tad± tatiya½ citta½ uppajjati. Yad± pana “detha vandath±ti” ñ±t²hi uss±hit± eva½ paµipajjanti, tad± catuttha½ citta½ uppajjati. Yad± pana deyyadhammapaµigg±hak±d²na½ asampatti½ aññesa½ v± somanassahet³na½ abh±va½ ±gamma cat³supi vikappesu somanassarahit± honti, tad± ses±ni catt±ri upekkh±sahagat±ni uppajjant²ti. Eva½ somanassupekkh±ñ±ºasaªkh±rabhedato aµµhavidha½ k±m±vacarakusala½ veditabba½.

R³p±vacara½ pana jh±naªgayogabhedato pañcavidha½ hoti. Seyyathida½, vitakkavic±rap²tisukhasam±dhiyutta½ paµhama½, atikkantavitakka½ dutiya½, tato atikkantavic±ra½ tatiya½, tato virattap²tika½ catuttha½, atthaªgatasukha½ upekkh±sam±dhiyutta½ pañcamanti.

Ar³p±vacara½ catunna½ ±rupp±na½ yogavasena catubbidha½. Vuttappak±rena hi ±k±s±nañc±yatanajjh±nena sampayutta½ paµhama½, viññ±ºañc±yatan±d²hi dutiyatatiyacatutth±ni Lokuttara½ catumaggasampayogato catubbidhanti eva½ t±va kusalaviññ±ºameva ekav²satividha½ hoti.

453. Akusala½ pana bh³mito ekavidha½ k±m±vacarameva, m³lato tividha½ lobham³la½ dosam³la½ moham³lañca.

Tattha lobham³la½ somanassupekkh±diµµhigatasaªkh±rabhedato aµµhavidha½. Seyyathida½, somanassasahagata½ diµµhigatasampayutta½ asaªkh±ra½ sasaªkh±rañca, tath± diµµhigatavippayutta½. Upekkh±sahagata½ diµµhigatasampayutta½ asaªkh±ra½ sasaªkh±rañca, tath± diµµhigatavippayutta½.

Yad± hi “natthi k±mesu ±d²navo”ti (ma. ni. 1.469) ±din± nayena micch±diµµhi½ purakkhatv± haµµhatuµµho k±me v± paribhuñjati, diµµhamaªgal±d²ni v± s±rato pacceti sabh±vatikkheneva anuss±hitena cittena, tad± paµhama½ akusalacitta½ uppajjati. Yad± mandena samuss±hitena cittena, tad± dutiya½. Yad± micch±diµµhi½ apurakkhatv± kevala½ haµµhatuµµho methuna½ v± sevati, parasampatti½ v± abhijjh±yati, parabhaº¹a½ v± harati sabh±vatikkheneva anuss±hitena cittena, tad± tatiya½. Yad± mandena samuss±hitena cittena, tad± catuttha½. Yad± pana k±m±na½ v± asampatti½ ±gamma aññesa½ v± somanassahet³na½ abh±vena cat³supi vikappesu somanassarahit± honti, tad± ses±ni catt±ri upekkh±sahagat±ni uppajjant²ti eva½ somanassupekkh±diµµhigatasaªkh±rabhedato aµµhavidha½ lobham³la½ veditabba½.

Dosam³la½ pana domanassasahagata½ paµighasampayutta½ asaªkh±ra½ sasaªkh±ranti duvidhameva hoti, tassa p±º±tip±t±d²su tikkhamandappavattik±le pavatti veditabb±.

Moham³la½ upekkh±sahagata½ vicikicch±sampayutta½ uddhaccasampayuttañc±ti duvidha½. Tassa sanniµµh±navikkhepak±le pavatti veditabb±ti eva½ akusalaviññ±ºa½ dv±dasavidha½ hoti.

454. Aby±kata½ j±tibhedato duvidha½ vip±ka½ kiriyañca. Tattha vip±ka½ bh³mito catubbidha½ k±m±vacara½ r³p±vacara½ ar³p±vacara½ lokuttarañca. Tattha k±m±vacara½ duvidha½ kusalavip±ka½ akusalavip±kañca. Kusalavip±kampi duvidha½ ahetuka½ sahetukañca.

Tattha alobh±divip±kahetuvirahita½ ahetuka½, ta½ cakkhuviññ±ºa½, sotagh±najivh±k±yaviññ±ºa½ sampaµicchanakicc± manodh±tu, sant²raº±dikicc± dve manoviññ±ºadh±tuyo c±ti aµµhavidha½.

Tattha cakkhusannissitar³pavij±nanalakkhaºa½ cakkhuviññ±ºa½, r³pamatt±rammaºarasa½, r³p±bhimukhabh±vapaccupaµµh±na½, r³p±rammaº±ya kiriyamanodh±tuy± apagamapadaµµh±na½. Sot±disannissitasadd±divij±nanalakkhaº±ni sotagh±najivh±k±yaviññ±º±ni, sadd±dimatt±rammaºaras±ni, sadd±di-abhimukhabh±vapaccupaµµh±n±ni, sadd±rammaº±d²na½ kiriyamanodh±t³na½ apagamapadaµµh±n±ni.

Cakkhuviññ±º±d²na½ anantara½ r³p±divij±nanalakkhaº± manodh±tu, r³p±disampaµicchanaras±, tath±bh±vapaccupaµµh±n±, cakkhuviññ±º±di-apagamapadaµµh±n±.

Ahetukavip±k± sa¼±rammaºavij±nanalakkhaº± duvidh±pi sant²raº±dikicc± manoviññ±ºadh±tu, sant²raº±diras±, tath±bh±vapaccupaµµh±n±, hadayavatthupadaµµh±n±. Somanassupekkh±yogato pana dvipañcaµµh±nabhedato ca tass± bhedo. Et±su hi ek± ekantamiµµh±rammaºe pavattisabbh±vato somanassasampayutt± hutv± sant²raºatad±rammaºavasena pañcadv±re ceva javan±vas±ne ca pavattanato dviµµh±n± hoti. Ek± iµµhamajjhatt±rammaºe pavattisabbh±vato upekkh±sampayutt± hutv± sant²raºatad±rammaºapaµisandhibhavaªgacutivasena pavattanato pañcaµµh±n± hoti.

Aµµhavidhampi ceta½ ahetukavip±kaviññ±ºa½ niyat±niyat±rammaºatt± duvidha½. Upekkh±sukhasomanassabhedato tividha½. Viññ±ºapañcaka½ hettha niyat±rammaºa½ yath±kkama½ r³p±d²suyeva pavattito, sesa½ aniyat±rammaºa½. Tatra hi manodh±tu pañcasupi r³p±d²su pavattati, manoviññ±ºadh±tudvaya½ chas³ti. K±yaviññ±ºa½ panettha sukhayutta½, dviµµh±n± manoviññ±ºadh±tu somanassayutt±, sesa½ upekkh±yuttanti. Eva½ t±va kusalavip±k±hetuka½ aµµhavidha½ veditabba½.

Alobh±divip±kahetusampayutta½ pana sahetuka½, ta½ k±m±vacarakusala½ viya somanass±di bhedato aµµhavidha½. Yath± pana kusala½ d±n±divasena chasu ±rammaºesu pavattati, na ida½ tath±. Idañhi paµisandhibhavaªgacutitad±rammaºavasena parittadhammapariy±pannesuyeva chasu ±rammaºesu pavattati Saªkh±r±saªkh±rabh±vo panettha ±gaman±divasena veditabbo. Sampayuttadhamm±nañca visese asatipi ±d±satal±d²su mukhanimitta½ viya niruss±ha½ vip±ka½, mukha½ viya sa-uss±ha½ kusalanti veditabba½.

Kevala½ hi akusalavip±ka½ ahetukameva, ta½ cakkhuviññ±ºa½, sotagh±najivh±k±yaviññ±ºa½, sampaµicchanakicc± manodh±tu, sant²raº±dikicc± pañcaµµh±n± manoviññ±ºadh±t³ti sattavidha½. Ta½ lakkhaº±dito kusal±hetukavip±ke vuttanayeneva veditabba½.

Kevalañhi kusalavip±k±ni iµµha-iµµhamajjhatt±rammaº±ni, im±ni aniµµha-aniµµhamajjhatt±rammaº±ni. T±ni ca upekkh±sukhasomanassabhedato tividh±ni, im±ni dukkha-upekkh±vasena duvidh±ni. Ettha hi k±yaviññ±ºa½ dukkhasahagatameva, ses±ni upekkh±sahagat±ni. S± ca tesu upekkh± h²n± dukkha½ viya n±titikhiº±, itaresu upekkh± paº²t± sukha½ viya n±titikhiº±. Iti imesa½ sattanna½ akusalavip±k±na½ purim±nañca so¼asanna½ kusalavip±k±na½ vasena k±m±vacara½ vip±kaviññ±ºa½ tev²satividha½.

R³p±vacara½ pana kusala½ viya pañcavidha½. Kusala½ pana sam±pattivasena javanav²thiya½ pavattati. Ida½ upapattiya½ paµisandhibhavaªgacutivasena. Yath± ca r³p±vacara½, eva½ ar³p±vacarampi kusala½ viya catubbidha½. Pavattibhedopissa r³p±vacare vuttanayo eva. Lokuttaravip±ka½ catumaggayuttacittaphalatt± catubbidha½, ta½ maggav²thivasena ceva sam±pattivasena ca dvidh± pavattati. Eva½ sabbampi cat³su bh³m²su chatti½savidha½ vip±kaviññ±ºa½ hoti.

Kiriya½ pana bh³mibhedato tividha½ k±m±vacara½ r³p±vacara½ ar³p±vacarañca. Tattha k±m±vacara½ duvidha½ ahetuka½ sahetukañca. Tattha alobh±dikiriyahetuvirahita½ ahetuka½, ta½ manodh±tumanoviññ±ºadh±tubhedato duvidha½.

Tattha cakkhuviññ±º±dipurecarar³p±divij±nanalakkhaº± manodh±tu, ±vajjanaras±, r³p±di-abhimukhabh±vapaccupaµµh±n±, bhavaªgavicchedapadaµµh±n±, s± upekkh±yutt±va hoti.

Manoviññ±ºadh±tu pana duvidh± s±dh±raº± as±dh±raº± ca. Tattha s±dh±raº± upekkh±sahagat±hetukakiriy± sa¼±rammaºavij±nanalakkhaº±, kiccavasena pañcadv±ramanodv±resu voµµhabban±vajjanaras±, tath±bh±vapaccupaµµh±n±, ahetukavip±kamanoviññ±ºadh±tu bhavaªg±na½ aññatar±pagamapadaµµh±n±.

As±dh±raº± somanassasahagat±hetukakiriy± sa¼±rammaºavij±nanalakkhaº±, kiccavasena arahata½ anu¼±resu vatth³su hasitupp±danaras±, tath±bh±vapaccupaµµh±n±, ekantato hadayavatthupadaµµh±n±ti. Iti k±m±vacarakiriya½ ahetuka½ tividha½.

Sahetuka½ pana somanass±dibhedato kusala½ viya aµµhavidha½. Kevalañhi kusala½ sekkhaputhujjan±na½ uppajjati, ida½ arahata½yev±ti ayamettha viseso. Eva½ t±va k±m±vacara½ ek±dasavidha½.

R³p±vacara½ pana ar³p±vacarañca kusala½ viya pañcavidha½ catubbidhañca hoti. Arahata½ uppattivaseneva cassa kusalato viseso veditabboti. Eva½ sabbampi t²su bh³m²su v²satividha½ kiriyaviññ±ºa½ hoti.

455. Iti ekav²sati kusal±ni dv±das±kusal±ni chatti½sa vip±k±ni v²sati kiriy±n²ti sabb±nipi ek³nanavuti viññ±º±ni honti. Y±ni paµisandhibhavaªg±vajjanadassanasavanagh±yanas±yanaphusanasampaµicchanasant²raºavoµµhabbanajavanatad±rammaºacutivasena cuddasahi ±k±rehi pavattanti.

Katha½? Yad± hi aµµhanna½ k±m±vacarakusal±na½ ±nubh±vena devamanussesu satt± nibbattanti, tad± nesa½ maraºak±le paccupaµµhita½ kammakammanimittagatinimitt±na½ aññatara½ ±rammaºa½ katv± aµµha sahetukak±m±vacaravip±k±ni, manussesu paº¹ak±dibh±va½ ±pajjam±n±na½ dubbaladvihetukakusalavip±ka-upekkh±sahagat±hetukavip±kamanoviññ±ºadh±tu c±ti paµisandhivasena nava vip±kacitt±ni pavattanti. Yad± r³p±vacar±r³p±vacarakusal±nubh±vena r³p±r³pabhavesu nibbattanti tad± nesa½ maraºak±le paccupaµµhita½ kammanimittameva ±rammaºa½ katv± nava r³p±r³p±vacaravip±k±ni paµisandhivasena pavattanti.

Yad± pana akusal±nubh±vena ap±ye nibbattanti, tad± nesa½ maraºak±le paccupaµµhita½ kammakammanimittagatinimitt±na½ aññatara½ ±rammaºa½ katv± ek± akusalavip±k±hetukamanoviññ±ºadh±tu paµisandhivasena pavattat²ti eva½ t±vettha ek³nav²satiy± vip±kaviññ±º±na½ paµisandhivasena pavatti veditabb±.

Paµisandhiviññ±ºe pana niruddhe ta½ ta½ paµisandhiviññ±ºamanubandham±na½ tassa tasseva kammassa vip±kabh³ta½ tasmiññeva ±rammaºe t±disameva bhavaªgaviññ±ºa½ n±ma pavattati, punapi t±disanti eva½ asati sant±navinivattake aññasmi½ cittupp±de nad²sota½ viya supina½ apassato niddokkamanak±l±d²su aparim±ºasaªkhyampi pavattatiyev±ti eva½ tesaññeva viññ±º±na½ bhavaªgavasen±pi pavatti veditabb±.

Eva½ pavatte pana bhavaªgasant±ne yad± satt±na½ indriy±ni ±rammaºagahaºakkham±ni honti, tad± cakkhuss±p±thagate r³pe r³pa½ paµicca cakkhupas±dassa ghaµµan± hoti, tato ghaµµan±nubh±vena bhavaªgacalana½ hoti, atha niruddhe bhavaªge tadeva r³pa½ ±rammaºa½ katv± bhavaªga½ vicchindam±n± viya ±vajjanakicca½ s±dhayam±n± kiriyamanodh±tu uppajjati. Sotadv±r±d²supi eseva nayo. Manodv±re pana chabbidhepi ±rammaºe ±p±thagate bhavaªgacalan±nantara½ bhavaªga½ vicchindam±n± viya ±vajjanakicca½ s±dhayam±n± ahetukakiriyamanoviññ±ºadh±tu uppajjati upekkh±sahagat±ti eva½ dvinna½ kiriyaviññ±º±na½ ±vajjanavasena pavatti veditabb±.

¾vajjan±nantara½ pana cakkhudv±re t±va dassanakicca½ s±dhayam±na½ cakkhupas±davatthuka½ cakkhuviññ±ºa½, sotadv±r±d²su savan±dikicca½ s±dhayam±n±ni sotagh±najivh±k±yaviññ±º±ni pavattanti. T±ni iµµha-iµµhamajjhattesu visayesu kusalavip±k±ni, aniµµha-aniµµhamajjhattesu visayesu akusalavip±k±n²ti eva½ dasanna½ vip±kaviññ±º±na½ dassanasavanagh±yanas±yanaphusanavasena pavatti veditabb±.

“Cakkhuviññ±ºadh±tuy± uppajjitv± niruddhasamanantar± uppajjati citta½ mano m±nasa½ tajj± manodh±t³”ti-±divacanato (vibha. 184) pana cakkhuviññ±º±d²na½ anantar± tesaññeva visaya½ sampaµiccham±n± kusalavip±k±nantara½ kusalavip±k±, akusalavip±k±nantara½ akusalavip±k± manodh±tu uppajjati. Eva½ dvinna½ vip±kaviññ±º±na½ sampaµicchanavasena pavatti veditabb±.

“Manodh±tuy±pi uppajjitv± niruddhasamanantar± uppajjati citta½ mano m±nasa½ tajj±manoviññ±ºadh±t³”ti (vibha. 184) vacanato pana manodh±tuy± sampaµicchitameva visaya½ sant²rayam±n± akusalavip±kamanodh±tuy± anantar± akusalavip±k±, kusalavip±k±ya anantar± iµµh±rammaºe somanassasahagat±, iµµhamajjhatte upekkh±sahagat± uppajjati vip±k±hetukamanoviññ±ºadh±t³ti eva½ tiººa½ vip±kaviññ±º±na½ sant²raºavasena pavatti veditabb±.

Sant²raº±nantara½ pana tameva visaya½ vavatth±payam±n± uppajjati kiriy±hetukamanoviññ±ºadh±tu upekkh±sahagat±ti eva½ ekasseva kiriyaviññ±ºassa voµµhabbanavasena pavatti veditabb±.

Voµµhabban±nantara½ pana sace mahanta½ hoti r³p±di-±rammaºa½, atha yath±vavatth±pite visaye aµµhanna½ v± k±m±vacarakusal±na½ dv±dasanna½ v± akusal±na½ navanna½ v± avasesak±m±vacarakiriy±na½ aññataravasena cha satta v± javan±ni javanti, eso t±va pañcadv±re nayo.

Manodv±re pana manodv±r±vajjan±nantara½ t±niyeva. Gotrabhuto uddha½ r³p±vacarato pañca kusal±ni pañca kiriy±ni, ar³p±vacarato catt±ri kusal±ni catt±ri kiriy±ni, lokuttarato catt±ri maggacitt±ni catt±ri phalacitt±n²ti imesu ya½ ya½ laddhapaccaya½ hoti, ta½ ta½ javat²ti eva½ pañcapaññ±s±ya kusal±kusalakiriyavip±kaviññ±º±na½ javanavasena pavatti veditabb±.

Javan±vas±ne pana sace pañcadv±re atimahanta½, manodv±re ca vibh³tam±rammaºa½ hoti, atha k±m±vacarasatt±na½ k±m±vacarajavan±vas±ne iµµh±rammaº±d²na½ purimakammajavanacitt±d²nañca vasena yo yo paccayo laddho hoti, tassa tassa vasena aµµhasu sahetukak±m±vacaravip±kesu t²su vip±k±hetukamanoviññ±ºadh±t³su ca aññatara½ paµisotagata½ n±va½ anubandham±na½ kiñci antara½ udakamiva bhavaªgass±rammaºato aññasmi½ ±rammaºe javita½ javanamanubandha½ dvikkhattu½ saki½ v± vip±kaviññ±ºa½ uppajjati. Tadeta½ javan±vas±ne bhavaªgassa ±rammaºe pavattan±raha½ sam±na½ tassa javanassa ±rammaºa½ ±rammaºa½ katv± pavattatt± tad±rammaºanti vuccati. Eva½ ek±dasanna½ vip±kaviññ±º±na½ tad±rammaºavasena pavatti veditabb±.

Tad±rammaº±vas±ne pana puna bhavaªgameva pavattati, bhavaªge vicchinne puna ±vajjan±d²n²ti eva½ laddhapaccayacittasant±na½ bhavaªg±nantara½ ±vajjana½ ±vajjan±nantara½ dassan±d²n²ti cittaniyamavaseneva punappuna½ t±va pavattati, y±va ekasmi½ bhave bhavaªgassa parikkhayo. Ekasmi½ hi bhave ya½ sabbapacchima½ bhavaªgacitta½, ta½ tato cavanatt± cut²ti vuccati. Tasm± tampi ek³nav²satividhameva hoti. Eva½ ek³nav²satiy± vip±kaviññ±º±na½ cutivasena pavatti veditabb±.

Cutito pana puna paµisandhi, paµisandhito puna bhavaªganti eva½ bhavagatiµhitiniv±sesu sa½saram±n±na½ satt±na½ avicchinna½ cittasant±na½ pavattatiyeva. Yo panettha arahatta½ p±puº±ti, tassa cuticitte niruddhe niruddhameva hot²ti.

Ida½ viññ±ºakkhandhe vitth±rakath±mukha½.