Acchinnac²varakath±

5. Acchinnac²varakath±ya½ anupubbakath±ti anupubbena vinicchayakath±. Sesaparikkh±r±na½saddhivih±rikehi gahitatt± niv±sanap±rupanameva avasiµµhanti ±ha “niv±sanap±rupanamatta½yevaharitv±”ti. Saddhivih±rik±na½ t±va ±gamanassa v± an±gamanassa v± aj±nanat±ya vutta½“therehi neva t±va…pe… bhuñjitabban”ti. Paresampi atth±ya labhant²ti attanoc²vara½ dadam±n± saya½ s±kh±bhaªgena paµicch±dent²ti tesa½ atth±yapi bhañjitu½ labhanti.“Tiºena v± paººena v± paµicch±detv± ±gantabban”ti vacanato ²disesu bh³tag±map±tabyat±pianuññ±t±yeva hot²ti ±ha “neva bh³tag±map±tabyat±ya p±cittiya½ hot²”ti.Na tesa½ dh±raºe dukkaµanti tesa½ titthiyadhaj±na½ dh±raºepi dukkaµa½ natthi.

Y±ni ca nesa½ vatth±ni dent²ti sambandho. Ther±na½ sayameva dinnatt± vutta½“acchinnac²varaµµh±ne µhitatt±”ti. Yadi laddhi½ gaºh±ti, titthiyapakkantako n±ma hoti. Tasm± vutta½ “laddhi½ aggahetv±”ti. “No ce hoti, saªghassa vih±rac²vara½ v±…pe…±patti dukkaµass±”ti imin± antar±magge paviµµhavih±rato nikkhamitv± aññattha attanoabhirucitaµµh±na½ gacchantassa dukkaµa½ vutta½, imin± ca “ya½ ±v±sa½ paµhama½upagacchat²”ti vutta½ antar±magge µhitavih±rampi sace naggo hutv± gacchati, dukkaµamev±tiveditabba½. Yadi eva½ tattha kasm± na vuttanti ce? Anok±satt±. Tattha hi “anuj±n±mi,bhikkhave, acchinnac²varassa v±…pe… c²vara½ viññ±petun”ti imin± sambandhenasaªghikampi c²vara½ niv±setu½ p±rupituñca anuj±nanto “ya½ ±v±sa½ paµhama½…pe…gahetv± p±rupitun”ti ±ha, tasm± tattha anok±satt± dukkaµa½ na vutta½.

Vih±rac²varanti sen±sanac²vara½. Cimilik±h²ti paµapilotik±hi. Tassaupar²ti bh³mattharaºassa upari. Videsagaten±ti añña½ c²vara½ alabhitv± videsagatena.Ekasmi½…pe… µhapetabbanti ettha sesena gahetv± ±gatatt± µhapentena ca saªghikaparibhogavasenevaµhapitatt± aññasmi½ sen±sane niyamitampi aññattha µhapetu½ vaµµat²ti vadanti. Paribhogenev±tiañña½ c²vara½ alabhitv± paribhuñjanena.

Paribhogajiººanti yath± tena c²varena sar²ra½ paµicch±detu½ na sakk±, eva½ jiººa½.Kappiyavoh±ren±ti kayavikkay±pattito mocanattha½ vutta½. “Viññ±pentass±”tiimasseva attha½ vibh±veti “cet±pentassa parivatt±pentass±”ti. Attano dhanenahi viññ±pana½ n±ma parivattanamev±ti adhipp±yo. Saªghavasena pav±rit±na½ viññ±panevatta½ dasseti “pam±ºameva vaµµat²”ti. Saªghavasena hi pav±rite sabbesa½ s±dh±raºatt±adhika½ viññ±petu½ na vaµµati. Ya½ ya½ pav±ret²ti ya½ ya½ c²var±di½ dass±m²ti pav±reti.Viññ±panakicca½ natth²ti vin± viññattiy± d²yam±natt± viññ±petv± ki½karissat²ti adhipp±yo. Aññassatth±y±ti etthapi “ñ±tak±na½ pav±rit±nan”ti ida½ anuvattatiyev±ti ±ha “attano ñ±takapav±rite”ti-±di. Vikappanupagac²varat±,samay±bh±vo, aññ±takaviññatti, t±ya ca paµil±bhoti im±nettha catt±ri aªg±ni.

Vimativinodaniya½ (vi. vi. µ². 1.515) pana p±¼iya½ dhammanimantan±ti samaºesuvattabb±c±radhammamattavasena nimantan±, d±tuk±mat±ya katanimantan± na hot²ti attho. Teneva“viññ±pessat²”ti vutta½. Aññ±taka-appav±ritato hi viññatti n±ma hoti.

“Tiºena v± paººena v± paµicch±detv± ±gantabban”ti imin± bh³tag±mavikopana½ anuññ±tanti±ha “nevabh³tag±map±tabyat±y±”ti-±di. Paµhama½ suddhacittena liªga½ gahetv± pacch±laddhi½ gaºhantopi titthiyapakkantako ev±ti ±ha “niv±setv±pi laddhi na gahetabb±”ti.

Ya½ ±v±sa½ paµhama½ upagacchat²ti etthapi vih±rac²var±di-atth±ya pavisantenapi tiº±d²hipaµicch±detv±va gantabba½, “na tveva naggena ±gantabban”ti s±maññato dukkaµassa vuttatt±.Cimilik±h²ti paµapilotik±hi. Paribhogenev±ti añña½ c²vara½ alabhitv±paribhuñjanena. Paribhogajiººanti yath± ta½ c²vara½ paribhuñjiyam±na½ obhaggavibhaggat±yaas±ruppa½ hoti, eva½ jiººa½.

Aññassatth±y±ti etthapi “ñ±tak±na½ pav±rit±nan”ti ida½ anuvattatev±ti ±ha “attanoñ±takapav±rite”ti-±di. Idha pana aññassa acchinnanaµµhac²varassa atth±ya aññ±taka-appav±riteviññ±pentassa nissaggiyena an±patt²ti attho gahetabbo, itarath± “ñ±tak±na½ pav±rit±nan”tiimin± viseso na bhaveyya, teneva anantarasikkh±pade vakkhati “aµµhakath±su(p±r±. aµµha. 2.526) pana ñ±takapav±ritaµµh±ne…pe… pam±ºameva vaµµat²ti vutta½,ta½ p±¼iy± na samet²”ti ca “yasm± panida½ sikkh±pada½ aññassatth±ya viññ±panavatthusmi½yevapaññatta½, tasm± idha ‘aññassatth±y±’ti na vuttan”ti ca. Vikappanupagac²varat±, samay±bh±vo,aññ±takaviññatti, t±ya ca paµil±bhoti im±nettha catt±ri aªg±ni.

“Tañce aññ±tako gahapati v± gahapat±n² v± bah³hi c²varehi abhihaµµhu½ pav±reyya, santaruttaraparama½tena bhikkhun± tato c²vara½ s±ditabba½, tato ce uttari s±diyeyya, nissaggiya½ p±cittiyan”tiimasmi½ taduttarisikkh±pade (p±r±. 523) abhihaµµhunti ettha abh²ti upasaggo,haritunti attho, gaºhitunti vutta½ hoti. Pav±reyy±ti icch±peyya, iccha½ruci½ upp±deyya vadeyya nimanteyy±ti attho. Abhihaµµhu½ pav±rentena pana yath± vattabba½.Ta½ ±k±ra½ dassetu½ “y±vattaka½ icchasi, t±vattaka½ gaºh±h²”ti evamassa padabh±jana½vutta½. Atha v± yath± “nekkhamma½ daµµhu khemato”ti ettha disv±ti attho, evamidhapiabhihaµµhu½ pav±reyy±ti abhiharitv± pav±reyy±ti attho. Tattha k±y±bhih±rov±c±bhih±roti duvidho abhih±ro. K±yena v± hi vatth±d²ni abhiharitv± p±dam³leµhapetv± “yattaka½ icchasi, tattaka½ gaºh±h²”ti vadanto pav±reyya, v±c±ya v± “amh±ka½dussakoµµh±g±ra½ paripuººa½, yattaka½ icchasi, tattaka½ gaºh±h²”ti vadanto pav±reyya,tadubhayampi ekajjha½ katv± “abhihaµµhu½ pav±reyy±”ti vutta½.

Santaruttaraparamanti sa-antara½ uttara½ parama½ assa c²varass±ti santaruttaraparama½, niv±sanenasaddhi½ p±rupana½ ukkaµµhaparicchedo ass±ti vutta½ hoti. Tato c²vara½s±ditabbanti tato abhihaµac²varato ettaka½ c²vara½ gahetabba½, na ito paranti attho.Yasm± pana acchinnasabbac²varena tec²varikeneva bhikkhun± eva½ paµipajjitabba½, aññenaaññath±pi, tasm± ta½ vibh±ga½ dassetu½ “sace t²ºi naµµh±ni hont²”ti-±din± nayenassapadabh±jana½ vutta½.

Tatr±ya½ vinicchayo– yassa t²ºi naµµh±ni, tena dve s±ditabb±ni, eka½ niv±setv± eka½p±rupitv± añña½ sabh±gaµµh±nato pariyesissati. Yassa dve naµµh±ni, tena eka½ s±ditabba½.Sace pakatiy±va santaruttarena carati, dve s±ditabb±ni, eva½ eka½ s±diyanteneva samobhavissati. Yassa t²su eka½ naµµha½, na s±ditabba½. Yassa pana dv²su eka½ naµµha½, eka½s±ditabba½. Yassa eka½yeva hoti, tañca naµµha½, dve s±ditabb±ni. Bhikkhuniy± panapañcasupi naµµhesu dve s±ditabb±ni, cat³su naµµhesu eka½ s±ditabba½, t²su naµµhesu kiñcina s±ditabba½, ko pana v±do dv²su v± ekasmi½ v±. Yena kenaci hi santaruttaraparamat±yaµh±tabba½, tato uttari na labbhat²ti idamettha lakkhaºa½.

Sesaka½ ±hariss±m²ti dve c²var±ni katv± sesa½ puna ±hariss±m²ti attho. Naacchinnak±raº±ti b±husacc±diguºavasena denti. ѱtak±nanti-±d²su ñ±tak±na½dent±na½ s±diyantassa, pav±rit±na½ dent±na½ s±diyantassa, attano dhanena s±diyantassaan±patt²ti attho. Aµµhakath±su pana “ñ±takapav±ritaµµh±ne pakatiy± bahumpi vaµµati, acchinnak±raº±pam±ºameva vaµµat²”ti vutta½, ta½ p±¼iy± na sameti. Yasm± panida½ sikkh±pada½ aññassatth±yaviññ±panavatthusmi½yeva paññatta½, tasm± idha “aññassatth±y±”ti na vutta½. Sesa½utt±natthameva. Samuµµh±n±d²su idampi chasamuµµh±na½ kiriya½, nosaññ±vimokkha½,acittaka½, paººattivajja½, k±yakammavac²kamma½, ticitta½, tivedananti.

Sattame p±¼iya½ pagg±hikas±lanti dussav±ºijak±na½ ±paºa½, “pagg±hitas±lan”tipipaµhanti. Abh²ti upasaggoti tassa visesatth±bh±va½ dasseti. Ten±ha “harituntiattho”ti. Varasaddassa icch±ya½ vattam±natt± ±ha “icch±peyy±”ti. Daµµhu khematotiettha g±th±bandhavasena anun±sikalopo daµµhabbo. Sa-antaranti antarav±sakasahita½.Uttaranti uttar±saªga½. Assa c²varass±ti s±ditabbac²varassa. Acchinnasabbac²varen±tiacchinn±ni sabb±ni t²ºi c²var±ni ass±ti acchinnasabbac²varo, ten±ti attho.Yassa hi acchindanasamaye t²ºi c²var±ni sannihit±ni honti, t±ni sabb±ni acchinn±n²tiso “acchinnasabbac²varo”ti vuccati. Teneva “acchinnasabbac²varena tec²variken±”tivutta½. Tec²variken±ti hi acchindanasamaye tic²varassa sannihitabh±va½ sandh±yavutta½, na pana vinaye tec²varik±bh±va½, dhutaªgatec²varikabh±va½ v± sandh±ya. Eva½paµipajjitabbanti “santaruttaraparama½ tena bhikkhun± tato c²vara½ s±ditabban”ti vuttavidhin±paµipajjitabba½. Aññen±ti acchinna-asabbac²varena. Yassa t²su c²varesu eka½ v±dve v± c²var±ni acchinn±ni honti, ten±ti attho. Aññath±p²ti “santaruttaraparaman”tivuttavidh±nato aññath±pi. Yassa hi t²su dve c²var±ni acchinn±ni honti, eka½s±ditabba½, ekasmi½ acchinne na s±ditabbanti na tassa santaruttaraparamas±diyana½ sambhavati.Ayameva ca attho padabh±janena vibh±vito. Ten±ha “ta½ vibh±ga½ dassetun”ti.

Keci pana “tec²variken±ti vuttatt± tic²vara½ parikkh±raco¼avasena adhiµµhahitv±paribhuñjato tasmi½ naµµhe bah³nipi gahetu½ labhat²”ti vadanti, ta½ na gahetabba½. Padabh±janassahi adhipp±ya½ dassentena yasm± pana “acchinnasabbac²varena…pe…ta½ vibh±ga½ dassetun”ti vutta½, padabh±jane ca na t±diso attho upalabbhati, tasm±ta½ na gahetabbameva. Yampi m±tik±µµhakath±ya½ (kaªkh±. aµµha. tatuttarisikkh±padavaººan±)vutta½ “yassa adhiµµhitatic²varassa t²ºi naµµh±n²”ti, tatthapi adhiµµhitaggahaºa½ sar³pakathanamattantigahetabba½, na pana tic²var±dhiµµh±nena adhiµµhitac²varassev±ti evamattho gahetabbo p±¼iya½ aµµhakath±yañca tath± atthass±sambhavato Na hi tic²var±dhiµµh±nena adhiµµhitac²varasseva ida½ sikkh±pada½paññattanti sakk± viññ±tu½. Purimasikkh±padena hi acchinnac²varassa aññ±takaviññattiy±anuññ±tatt± pam±ºa½ aj±nitv± viññ±panavatthusmi½ pam±ºato s±diyana½ anuj±nantenabhagavat± ida½ sikkh±pada½ paññatta½, tasm± parikkh±raco¼ikassa bahumpi s±ditu½ vaµµat²tiayamattho neva p±¼iy± sameti, na ca bhagavato adhipp±ya½ anulometi.

Yassa t²ºi naµµh±ni, tena dve s±ditabb±n²ti ettha yassa tic²varato adhikampi c²vara½aññattha µhita½ atthi, tad± tassa c²varassa alabbhan²yabh±vato tenapi s±ditu½ vaµµat²ti veditabba½.Pakatiy±va santaruttarena carat²ti s±saªkasikkh±padavasena v± avippav±sasammutivasena v±tatiyassa al±bhena v± carati. “Dve naµµh±n²”ti adhik±ratt± vutta½ “dve s±ditabb±n²”ti.Eka½ s±diyanteneva samo bhavissat²ti tiººa½ c²var±na½ dv²su naµµhesu eka½ s±diyantenasamo bhavissati ubhinnampi santaruttaraparamat±ya avaµµh±nato. Yassa eka½yeva hot²tiaññena kenaci k±raºena vinaµµhasesac²vara½ sandh±ya vutta½.

“Sesaka½ tumheva hot³ti dent²”ti vuttatt± “pam±ºayutta½ gaºhiss±ma, sesaka½±hariss±m±”ti vatv± gahetv± gamanasamayepi “sesakampi tumh±ka½yevahot³”ti vadanti, laddhakappiyameva. Pav±rit±nanti acchinnak±lato pubbeyeva pav±rit±na½.P±¼iy± na samet²ti santaruttaraparamato uttari s±diyane an±pattidassanattha½ “an±pattiñ±tak±na½ pav±rit±nan”ti vuttatt± na sameti. Santaruttaraparama½ s±diyantassa hi±pattippasaªgoyeva natthi, sati ca sikkh±padena ±pattippasaªge an±patti yutt± dassetuntiadhipp±yo. Keci pana “pam±ºameva vaµµat²ti ida½ sallekhadassanattha½ vuttan”ti vadanti.

Yasm± panida½…pe… na vuttanti etth±yamadhipp±yo– “aññassatth±y±”ti vuccam±neaññesa½ atth±ya pam±ºa½ atikkamitv±pi gaºhitu½ vaµµat²ti ±pajjati, tañca aññassatth±yaviññ±panavatthusmi½ paññattatt± vatthun± sa½sandiyam±na½ na sameti. Na hi ya½ vatthu½niss±ya sikkh±pada½ paññatta½, tasmi½yeva an±pattivacana½ yuttanti. Gaºµhipadesu panat²supi “imassa sikkh±padassa attano s±diyanapaµibaddhat±vasena pavattatt± ‘aññassatth±y±’tivattu½ ok±soyeva natthi, tasm± na vuttan”ti kathita½. Idha “aññassatth±y±”tiavuttatt± aññesa½ atth±ya ñ±takapav±ritesu adhika½ viññ±pentassa ±patt²ti ce?Na, tattha purimasikkh±padeneva an±pattisiddhito. Tatuttarit±, acchinn±dik±raºat±,aññ±takaviññatti, t±ya ca paµil±bhoti im±nettha catt±ri aªg±ni.

Vimativinodaniya½ (vi. vi. µ². 1.522-524) pana “p±¼iya½ pagg±hikas±lantiduss±paºa½. Tañhi v±ºijakehi duss±ni paggahetv± dassanaµµh±nat±ya ‘pagg±hikas±l±’tivuccati. Assa c²varass±ti s±ditabbac²varassa. Tec²variken±ti imin± acchinnatic²varatoaññassa vih±r±d²su nihitassa c²varassa abh±va½ dasseti Yadi bhaveyya,viññ±petu½ na vaµµeyya, t±vak±lika½ niv±setv± attano c²vara½ gahetabba½. T±vak±likampialabhantassa bh³tag±mavikopana½ katv± tiºapaººehi chadana½ viya viññ±panampi vaµµatieva. Aññen±ti acchinna-asabbac²varena. ‘Dve naµµh±n²’ti adhik±rato vutta½ ‘dves±ditabb±n²’ti. P±¼iy± na samet²ti ‘an±patti ñ±tak±na½ pav±rit±nan’ti(p±r±. 526) im±ya p±¼iy± na sameti tatuttari viññ±pana-±pattippasaªge eva vuttatt±.Aññassatth±y±ti na vuttanti ida½ aññassatth±ya tatuttari viññ±pane nissaggiya½ p±cittiya½hot²ti imamattha½ d²peti. Tañca p±cittiya½ yesa½ atth±ya viññ±peti, tesa½ v±siy± viññ±pakasseva v±, na t±va tesa½, tehi aviññ±pitatt±, n±pi viññ±pakassa,att±na½ uddissa aviññattatt±. Tasm± aññassatth±ya viññ±pentassapi nissaggiya½ p±cittiya½na dissati. P±¼iya½ pana imassa sikkh±padassa attano s±diyanapaµibaddhat±vasena pavattatt±‘aññassatth±y±’ti an±pattiv±re na vuttanti vadanti, tañca yutta½ viya dissati, v²ma½sitv±gahetabba½. Tatuttaric²varat±, acchinn±dik±raºat±, aññ±takaviññatti, t±ya ca paµil±bhotiim±nettha catt±ri aªg±n²”ti.

Ida½ tatuttarisikkh±padavinicchaya½ ±cariyena avuttampi acchinnac²var±dhik±reyeva pavattatt±amhehi gahita½, aññ±takaviññattisikkh±padassa samayesu acchinnac²varak±le aññ±tak±na½viññ±petabbabh±vo bhagavat± vutto, tehi dinnac²varassa mattaso gahitabh±vo tatuttarisikkh±padenavutto. Tasm± acchinnac²vara-adhik±royeva hot²ti.