Pariv±savinicchayakath±

Id±ni saªgh±dises±patti yasm± s±vasesagaruk±patti hoti satekicch±, tasm± yath±n±ma rog±turo puggalo kiñci attano hitasukhak±raºa½ k±tu½ na sakkoti, tamena½k±ruºiko tikicchako karuº±sañcodito tikiccha½ katv± gelaññato vuµµh±petv± hitasukha½ janeti, eva½ saªgh±dises±pattisamaªg² puggalo ±º±v²tikkamantar±yikabh±vatosaggamokkhamagga½ sodhetu½ na sakkoti, tamena½ mah±k±ruºiko bhagav± mah±karuº±yasañcoditam±naso anekehi nayehi ±pattito vuµµh±na½ katv± saggamokkhasukhe patiµµhapeti,bhagavato adhipp±yaññuno aµµhakath±cariy±pi anekehi k±raºehi bhagavato vacanassa attha½pak±setv± visuddhak±m±na½ naya½ denti, tath± µ²k±cariy±dayopi. Eva½ dinne pananaye yoniso manasi k±tu½ sakkont± paº¹it± yath±nusiµµha½ paµipajjanti, asakkont±aññath± attha½ gahetv± na yath±nusiµµha½ paµipajjanti, tesa½ diµµh±nugati½ anugacchant±siss±dayopi tatheva karonti, tasm± bhagavato vacanañca pubben±para½ sa½sanditv± aµµhakath±µ²k±divacanañcasamm± tulayitv± tathato bhagavato adhipp±ya½ ñatv± yath±nusiµµha½ paµipajjantehi garuk±pattitovuµµhahanattha½ yogo karaº²yo.

Tasm± yad± bhikkh³ ±gacchanti vinayadharassa santika½ “garuk±pattivuµµh±na½ kariss±m±”ti,tad± vinayadharena “tva½ katar±patti½ ±panno”ti pucchitabbo. “Saªgh±disesa½ ±panno”tivutte “katarasaªgh±disesan”ti pucchitv± “ima½ n±m±”ti vutte sukkavissaµµhiya½mocetuk±macetan±, upakkamo, muccananti t²ºi aªg±ni. K±yasa½sagge manussitth²,itthisaññit±, k±yasa½saggar±go, tena r±gena v±y±mo, hatthagg±h±disam±pajjananti pañcaaªg±ni. Duµµhullav±c±ya½ manussitth², itthisaññit±, duµµhullav±cass±dar±go, tenar±gena obh±sana½, taªkhaºavij±nananti pañca aªg±ni. Attak±me manussitth², itthisaññit±,attak±map±ricariy±ya r±go, tena r±gena vaººabhaºana½, taªkhaºavij±nananti pañca aªg±ni.Sañcaritte yesu sañcaritta½ sam±pajjati, tesa½ manussaj±tikat± n±la½vacan²yat±,paµiggaºhanav²ma½sanapacc±haraº±n²ti pañca aªg±ni. Kuµik±re ullitt±d²na½ aññatarat±,heµµhimapam±ºasambhavo, adesitavatthukat±, pam±º±tikkantat±, attuddesikat±, v±s±g±rat±,lepaghaµan±ti satta pam±ºayutt±d²su chadh± aªg±ni. Vih±rak±re t±niyeva cha aªg±ni.Duµµhadose ya½ codeti, tassa upasampannoti saªkhyupagamana½, tasmi½ suddhasaññit±, yena p±r±jikenacodeti tassa diµµh±divasena am³lakat±, c±van±dhipp±yena sammukh±codan±, tassa taªkhaºavij±nanantipañca aªg±ni. Aññabh±giye aññabh±giyassa adhikaraºassa kañcidesa½ lesamatta½ up±diyanat±,purim±ni pañc±ti cha aªg±ni. Saªghabhede bhed±ya parakkamana½, dhammakammena samanubh±sana½,kammav±c±pariyos±na½, appaµinissajjananti catt±ri aªg±ni. Bhed±nuvattake aªgesuyath± tattha parakkamana½, eva½ idha anuvattananti catt±ri aªg±ni. Dubbace aªgesu yath±tattha parakkamana½, eva½ idha avacan²yakaraºat±ti catt±ri aªg±ni. Kulad³sake aªgesuyath± tattha parakkamana½, eva½ idha chand±d²hi p±pananti catt±ri aªg±ni. Iti im±ni aªg±nisodhetv± sace aªgap±rip³r² hoti, “saªgh±diseso”ti vattabbo. No ce, “n±ya½saªgh±diseso, thullaccay±d²su aññatar±patt²”ti vatv± “n±ya½ vuµµh±nag±min², desan±g±min²aya½ ±patti, tasm± patir³passa bhikkhussa santike deseh²”ti vatv± des±petabbo.

Atha pana an±patticch±y± paññ±yati, “an±patt²”ti vatv± uyyojetabb±. Sace pana saªgh±disesacch±y±paññ±yati, “tva½ ima½ ±patti½ ±pajjitv± ch±desi, na ch±des²”ti pucchitv±“na ch±dem²”ti vutte “tena hi tva½ na pariv±s±raho, m±natt±rahova hot²”tivattabbo. “Ch±dem²”ti pana vutte “dasasu ±k±resu aññatarak±raºena h±desi, ud±hu aññak±raºen±”ti pucchitv± “dasasu aññatarak±raºen±”ti vutte“evampi m±natt±raho hoti, na pariv±s±raho”ti vattabbo. Atha “aññak±raºen±”tivadati, eva½ santepi “tva½ ±patti-±pannabh±va½ j±nanto paµicch±desi, ud±hu aj±nanto”tipucchitv± “aj±nanto paµicch±dem²”ti vutte ca “±patti-±pannabh±va½ saranto paµicch±desi,ud±hu visaritv± paµicch±des²”ti pucchitv± “visaritv± paµicch±dem²”ti vutteca “±patti-±pannabh±ve vematiko hutv± paµicch±desi, ud±hu nibbematiko hutv±”tipucchitv± “vematiko hutv±”ti vutte ca “na tva½ pariv±s±raho, m±natt±rahovahot²”ti vattabbo.

Atha “j±nanto paµicch±dem²”ti vutte ca “saranto paµicch±dem²”ti vutte ca “nibbematikohutv± paµicch±dem²”ti vutte ca “tva½ pariv±s±raho”ti vattabbo. Vuttañheta½samuccayakkhandhake (c³¼ava. 144) “so eva½ vadati ‘y±ya½, ±vuso, ±patti j±napaµicchann±,dhammika½ tass± ±pattiy± pariv±sad±na½, dhammatt± ruhati. Y± ca khv±ya½, ±vuso,±patti aj±nappaµicchann±, adhammika½ tass± ±pattiy± pariv±sad±na½, adhammatt±na ruhati. Ekiss±, ±vuso, ±pattiy± bhikkhu m±natt±raho”’ti ca, “soeva½ vadati ‘y±ya½ ±patti saram±napaµicchann±, dhammika½ tass± ±pattiy± pariv±sad±na½,dhammatt± ruhati. Y± ca khv±ya½ ±patti asaram±napaµicchann±, adhammika½ tass± ±pattiy±pariv±sad±na½, adhammatt± na ruhati. Ekiss±, ±vuso, ±pattiy± bhikkhu m±natt±raho”’tica, “so eva½ vadati ‘y±ya½, ±vuso, ±patti nibbematikapaµicchann±, dhammika½tass± ±pattiy± pariv±sad±na½, dhammatt± ruhati. Y± ca khv±ya½, ±vuso, ±patti vematikapaµicchann±, adhammika½ tass± ±pattiy± pariv±sad±na½, adhammatt±na ruhati. Ekiss±, ±vuso, ±pattiy± bhikkhum±natt±raho”’ti ca.

Eva½ pariv±s±rahabh±va½ pak±setv± “aya½ bhikkhu pariv±s±raho, t²su pariv±sesu katarapariv±s±raho”ticintetv± “bhikkhu tva½ kati ±pattiyo ch±des²”ti pucchitv± “eka½ ±pattin”tiv± “dve t²ºi tatuttari v± ±pattiyo ch±dem²”ti v± vutte “kat²ha½ tva½ ±patti½paµicch±des²”ti pucchitv± “ek±hamev±ha½ paµicch±dem²”ti v± “dv²ha½ t²ha½tatuttari v± paµicch±dem²”ti v± vutte “y±vat²ha½ paµicch±desi, t±vat²ha½ tva½paµivasissas²”ti vattabbo. Vuttañheta½ bhagavat± “y±vat²ha½ j±na½ paµicch±deti, t±vat²ha½tena bhikkhun± ak±m± parivatthabban”ti. Tato “aya½ bhikkhu ±pattipariyanta½ j±n±ti,tasm± paµicchannapariv±s±raho”ti (p±r±. 442) ñatv± tadanur³p± kammav±c± k±tabb±.

Ettha ca ±pattipariyantapucchana½ kammav±c±karaºatthameva hoti, rattipariyantapucchana½ panatadatthañceva suddhantapariv±sassa ananur³pabh±vadassanatthañca hoti. Vuttañhi aµµhakath±ya½ (cu¼ava.aµµha. 102) “so duvidho c³¼asuddhanto mah±suddhantoti, duvidhopi cesa rattipariccheda½sakala½ v± ekacca½ v± aj±nantassa ca asarantassa ca tattha vematikassa ca d±tabbo. ¾pattipariyanta½pana ‘aha½ ettak± ±pattiyo ±panno’ti j±n±tu v±, m± v±, ak±raºametan”ti.Tato tassa bhikkhuno nis²danaµµh±na½ j±nitabba½. Duvidhañhi nis²danaµµh±na½ anikkhittavattenanis²ditabbaµµh±na½, nikkhittavattena nis²ditabbaµµh±nanti.

Tattha appabhikkhuke vih±re sabh±gabhikkh³na½ vasanaµµh±ne upac±ras²m±paricchinnoantovih±ro anikkhittavattena nis²ditabbaµµh±na½ hoti. Upac±ras²ma½ atikkamma mah±maggatookkamma gumbavatipaµicchannaµµh±na½ nikkhittavattena nis²ditabbaµµh±na½ hoti. Vuttañhiaµµhakath±ya½ (c³¼ava. aµµha. 102) “sace appabhikkhuko vih±ro hoti, sabh±g± bhikkh³vasanti, vatta½ anikkhipitv± vih±reyeva rattipariggaho k±tabbo. Atha na sakk±sodhetu½, vuttanayeneva vatta½ nikkhipitv± pacc³sasamaye ekena bhikkhun± saddhi½ m±nattavaººan±ya½vuttanayeneva upac±ras²ma½ atikkamitv± mah±magg± okkamma paµicchannaµµh±ne nis²ditv±anto-aruºeyeva vuttanayeneva vatta½ sam±diyitv± tassa bhikkhuno pariv±so ±rocetabbo”ti.“M±nattavaººan±ya½ vuttanayenev±”ti ca “sace appabhikkhuko vih±ro hoti, sabh±g±bhikkh³ vasanti, vatta½ anikkhipitv± antovih±reyeva rattiyo gaºetabb±. Atha na sakk±sodhetu½, vuttanayeneva vatta½ nikkhipitv± pacc³sasamaye cat³hi pañcahi v± bhikkh³hisaddhi½ parikkhittassa vih±rassa parikkhepato, aparikkhittassa parikkhep±rahaµµh±nato dve le¹¹up±teatikkamitv± mah±maggato okkamma gumbena v± vatiy± v± paµicchannaµµh±ne nis²ditabban”ti(vi. saªga. aµµha. 238) ida½ vacana½ sandh±ya vutta½.

Tattha appabhikkhuko vih±ro hot²ti ida½ bahubhikkhuke vih±re aññe bhikkh³ gacchanti,aññe bhikkh³ ±gacchanti, tasm± ratticchedavattabhedak±raº±ni sodhetu½ dukkaratt±vutta½. Vakkhati hi “atha na sakk± sodhetun”ti. Sabh±g± bhikkh³ vasant²tiida½ visabh±g±na½ ver²bhikkh³na½ santike vatta½ ±rocento pak±setuk±mo hoti tasm± vutta½. Vuttañhi aµµhakath±ya½ (c³¼ava. aµµha. 102; vi. saªga.aµµha. 236) “tasm± averisabh±gassa santike ±rocetabb±. Yo pana visabh±go hotisutv± pak±setuk±mo, evar³passa upajjh±yassapi santike n±rocetabb±”ti, tasm± visabh±g±na½vasanaµµh±ne vatta½ asam±diyitv± bahiyeva k±tumpi vaµµat²ti daµµhabba½. Vih±reyev±tianto-upac±ras²m±yameva. Vakkhati hi “atha na sakk±…pe… upac±ras²ma½ atikkamitv±”ti.Rattipariggaho k±tabboti rattigaºan± k±tabb±. Vuttañhi m±nattavaººan±ya½ “rattiyogaºetabb±”ti. Atha na sakk± sodhetunti bahubhikkhukatt± v± vih±rassa visabh±g±na½vasanaµµh±natt± v± ratticchedavatt±bhedak±raº±nipi sodhetu½ na sakk±. Vatta½ nikkhipitv±tipariv±savatta½ nikkhipitv±. Pacc³sasamayeti pacchimay±mak±le aruºodayato puretarameva.Tath± hi vakkhati “anto-aruºeyeva vuttanayena vatta½ sam±diyitv± tassa bhikkhuno pariv±so±rocetabbo”ti. Ekena bhikkhun± saddhinti vippav±saratticchedavimuccanattha½ vin± pakatattena sabhikkhuka-±v±sa-a-akkhuka-an±v±sagamanasaªkh±tavattabhedavimuccanatthañca vutta½.Tath± hi vutta½ “na, bhikkhave, p±riv±sikena bhikkhun± sabhikkhuk± ±v±s± abhikkhukoan±v±so gantabbo aññatra pakatattena aññatra antar±y±”ti (c³¼ava. 76).

M±nattavaººan±ya½ vuttanayen±ti “parikkhittassa vih±rassa parikkhepato, aparikkhittassaparikkhep±rahaµµh±nato dve le¹¹up±te atikkamitv±”ti vuttanayena. Yadi eva½ visamamida½nayadassana½, parikkhepaparikkhep±rahaµµh±ne eva hi upac±ras²m± hoti, kasm± tattha upac±ras²matodvele¹¹up±t±tikkamo vutto, idha pana upac±ras²m±tikkamo ev±ti Sacca½, tath±pi vih±re bhikkh³na½ sajjh±y±disaddasavanasabbh±vato suvid³r±tikkamo vutto,idha pana upac±ras²mato atikkamamattopi atikkamoyev±ti katv± vutto. Buddhamataññunohi aµµhakath±cariy±. Tath± hi vutta½ vajirabuddhiµ²k±ya½ (vajira. µ². c³¼avagga 97)“parikkhittassa vih±rassa parikkhepatoti-±di kiñc±pi p±¼iya½ natthi, atha kho aµµhakath±cariy±na½vacanena tath± eva paµipajjitabbanti ca vuttan”ti.

M±nattavaººan±ya½ cat³hi pañcahi v± bhikkh³hi saddhinti ida½ pana ³negaºecaraºaratticchedavimuccanattha½vutta½. Dve le¹¹up±te atikkamitv±ti-±di aññesa½ bhikkh³na½ savan³pac±radassan³pac±ravijahanattha½vutta½. Tenev±ha µ²k±cariyo “dve le¹¹up±te atikkamitv±ti ida½ vih±rebhikkh³na½ sajjh±y±disaddasavan³pac±ravijahanattha½ vutta½, ‘mah±maggato okkamm±ti ida½maggapaµipann±na½ bhikkh³na½ savan³pac±ravijahanattha½, gumbena v±ti-±di dassan³pac±ravijahanatthan”ti.Tasm± yath±vutta½ duvidha½ µh±na½ parivasantam±nattac±rikabhikkh³hi nis²ditabbaµµh±na½ hoti.Tesu ca yadi antovih±reyeva nis²ditv± parivasati, upac±ras²magat±na½ sabbesa½ bhikkh³na½±rocetabba½ hoti. Atha bahi-upac±ras²m±ya½, diµµhar³p±na½ sutasadd±na½ ±rocetabba½. Adiµµha-asut±nampiantodv±dasahatthagat±na½ ±rocetabbameva. Vuttañhi vajirabuddhiµ²k±ya½ “vatta½ nikkhipitv±vasantassa upac±ras²magat±na½ sabbesa½ ±rocanakicca½ natthi, diµµhar³p±na½ sutasadd±na½ ±rocetabba½.Adiµµha-assut±nampi antodv±dasahatthagat±na½ ±rocetabba½. Ida½ vatta½ nikkhipitv± vasantassalakkhaºanti vuttan”ti. Idañca vatta½ anikkhipitv± vasantassa antovih±reyeva rattipariggahassaca nikkhipitv± vasantassa upac±ras²ma½ atikkamitv± vattasam±d±nassa ca aµµhakath±ya½ vuttatt±vutta½. Upac±ro pana antos²m±ya µhit±na½ sakala-upac±ras²m± hoti,bahi-upac±ras²m±ya µhit±na½ dv±dasahatthamatta½. Teneva hi uddesabhatt±disaªghal±bho yadi antos²m±yauppajjati, s²maµµhakasaªghassa hoti. Yadi bahis²m±ya½, dv±dasahatthabbhantare pattabhikkh³na½,tasm± upac±ravasenapi esa attho viññ±yati. Tath± hi vutta½ vajirabuddhiµ²k±ya½ (vajira.µ². c³¼avagga 97) “atthibh±va½ sallakkhetv±ti dv±dasahatthe upac±re sallakkhetv± anikkhittavatt±na½upac±ras²m±ya ±gatabh±va½ sallakkhetv± sahav±s±dika½ veditabbanti ca vuttan”ti.