. Nissaggiyakaŗ¹o

1. C²varavaggo

1. Paµhamakathinasikkh±padavaŗŗan±

459. Samit±vin±ti samit±n’ena kiles±ti samit±v², tena samit±vin±.“T²ŗi c²var±n²”ti vattabbe “tic²varan”ti vutta½. SaŖkhy±pubbo digunekavacanantiettha lakkhaŗa½ veditabba½. Ta½ pana adhiµµhitassapi anadhiµµhitassapi n±ma½ “ekarattampice bhikkhu tic²varena vippavaseyy±”ti-±d²su tic²var±dhiµµh±nena adhiµµhitassa n±ma½.“Anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, tic²vara½ adhiµµh±tun”ti (mah±va. 358) ettha anadhiµµhitassan±ma½, idha tadubhayampi sambhavati. “Bhagavat± bhikkh³na½ tic²vara½ anuńń±ta½ hot²”tiettha adhiµµhitameva. “Ańńeneva tic²varena g±ma½ pavisant²”ti ettha anadhiµµhitameva.Ekasmi½yeva hi c²vare tic²var±dhiµµh±na½ ruhati, na itarasmi½ patt±dhiµµh±na½ viya,tasm± itara½ atirekaµµh±ne tiµµhati. Tena vutta½ “kathańhi n±ma chabbaggiy± bhikkh³atirekac²vara½ dh±ressant²”ti-±di.
460-1. Paµhamapańńattiy± panettha ekarattampi atirekac²vara½ dh±reyya, nissaggiya½ vutta½hoti, tato para½ “anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, das±haparama½ atirekac²vara½ dh±retu½. Evańcapana, bhikkhave, ima½ sikkh±pada½ uddiseyy±tha ‘das±haparama½ atirekac²vara½ dh±retabba½,ta½ atikk±mayato nissaggiya½ p±cittiya”n’ti eva½ bhagav± paripuŗŗa½ sikkh±pada½pańń±pesi. Atha pacchimabodhiya½ aj±tasattuk±le kathina½ anuńń±ta½, tato paµµh±yabhikkh³ ida½ sikkh±pada½ “niµµhitac²varasmi½ bhikkhun± ubbhatasmi½ kathine das±ha…pe…p±cittiyan”ti uddisanti, esa nayo dutiyatatiyakathinesupi. Tath±pi kaŖkh±vitaraŗiya½(kaŖkh±. aµµha. kathinasikkh±padavaŗŗan±) “das±haparamanti ayamettha anupańńatt²”ti ettaka½yevavutta½, tasm± “niµµhitac²varasmi½ bhikkhun± ubbhatasmi½ kathine”ti vacana½ na pańńatti,na ca anupańńatt²ti siddha½. Na hi pańńattivatthusmi½, anupańńattivatthumhi v±kathin±dhik±ro dissat²ti yath±vuttanayova s±roti niµµhamettha gantabba½. Ath±pi siy±“kathinassuppattik±lato paµµh±ya bhagavato vacana½ anupańńattibh±vena vuttan”ti. Yadieva½ dve anupańńattiyo siyu½, tato pariv±re (pari. 24) “ek± anupańńatt²”tivacanavirodho.Apica yath±vuttanayad²panattha½ idha ta½ vacana½ paµhamapańńattik±le avatv± pacch± vutta½.Ettha s±dhitatt± dutiyatatiyesu pacch± vuttapaµhamapańńatt²su eva½ vutta½. Ańńath± tatthapita½ vacana½ pacch± vattabba½ siy±. Anugaŗµhipade pana “pacch± vuttabh±va½ sandh±yaniµµhitac²varasminti-±d²su anupańńatt²”ti vutta½. Sekkhaputhujjan±na½ pema½,arahant±na½ g±ravo. Dasama½ v± navama½ v±ti ettha bhummatthe upayogavacana½.
462-3. Niµµhitac²varasminti ida½ kevala½ c²varapalibodh±bh±vamattad²panattha½ vutta½, tasm±“naµµha½ v± vinaµµha½ v± da¹¹ha½ v± c²var±s± v± upacchinn±”ti vutta½. Yadi das±haparama½dh±retabbac²varadassanattha½ vutta½ siy±, naµµh±dika½ so dh±reyya. Dh±raŗańcettha µhapana½,paribhogo v±. Ta½ dvaya½ katepi yujjati, akatepi yujjati, tasm± “kata½ v± hot²”tipina vattabba½. Na hi katameva atikk±mayato nissaggiyanti, tasm± ya½ c²vara½ up±d±ya“niµµhitac²varasmin”ti vutta½. Tampi ubbhatasmi½ kathine das±haparama½ k±la½ dh±retabbantiattho na gahetabbo. Tańhi c²vara½ santańce, ubbhatasmi½ kathine ekadivasampi parih±ra½na labbhati. Apica “c²vara½ n±ma vikappanupaga½ pacchiman”ti vutta½. Tattha ca kata½n±ma hoti, tasm±pi na ta½ sandh±ya dh±retabbanti vuttanti veditabba½ asambhavato.
Anugaŗµhipade paneta½ vutta½ “tattha siy±– tassa bhikkhuno c²vara½ naµµh±d²su ańńatara½yadi bhaveyya, katama½ c²vara½ das±haparama½ dh±reyya. Yasm± dh±retabbac²vara½ natthi, tasm±atthuddh±ravasena karaŗapalibodhadassanattha½ ‘naµµha½ v±’ti-±dipad±ni vutt±ni. Aya½ panattho‘naµµha½ v±’ti-±din± nayena vuttac²var±na½ ańńatarasmi½ c²vare asati gahetabbo, satita½ das±haparama½ atikk±mayato nissaggiya½. Esa nayo sabbattha. ‘Kata½ v± hot²’tivuttac²varamev±dhippeta½. Kasm± pana katac²vara½ imasmi½ atthe adhippetanti na vuttantice? P±kaµatt±. Katha½? Naµµhavinaµµhac²var±d²na½ dh±raŗassa abh±vato katac²varameva idh±dhippetantip±kaµa½. Yath± ki½? Yath± paµham±niyate methunak±yasa½saggarahonisajj±namev±gatatt± sotassaraho atthuddh±ravasena vuttoti p±kaµo, tasm± ‘cakkhussa raho itarasmi½ atthe adhippeto’tina vutto. Eva½sampadamidanti veditabba½. ‘Kata½ v± hot²’ti ida½ na vattabba½,kasm±? Akata½ atikk±mayatopi nissaggiyatt±, kińc±pi nissaggiya½ hoti idha pana tic²var±dhiµµh±namadhippeta½. Tasmi½ tic²var±dhiµµh±ne akata½, arajita½,akappiyakatańca ‘ima½ saŖgh±µi½ adhiµµh±m²’ti-±din± nayena adhiµµh±tu½ na vaµµati, tadatthad²panattha½‘kata½ v± hot²’ti vutta½. Itarath± ‘niµµhitac²varasmi½ paµiladdhe’ti vadeyya, eva½sante tic²vara½ das±ha½ atikk±mayato nissaggiyanti katha½ pańń±yat²ti ce? Vacanappam±ŗato.‘Anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, tic²vara½ adhiµµh±tu½ na vikappetun’ti vuttatt± idh±pi‘atirekac²vara½ n±ma anadhiµµhitan’ti ettakameva vattabba½ siy±. Yasm± ‘kata½ v±hot²’ti vacanena idh±dhippetac²varena saddhi½ sesampi das±haparamato uttari dh±retu½ nalabbhat²ti anuj±nanto ‘atirekac²vara½ n±ma anadhiµµhita½ avikappitan’ti ±ha.Tattha siy±– yath± ‘avikappitan’ti atthuddh±ravasena vutta½, tath± ‘vikappanupaga½ pacchiman’tipi.Kasm±? Yasm± tic²varameva das±haparama½ dh±retabba½ ‘niµµhitac²varasmin’ti-±di-anupańńattivasena.Itarath± ek±h±tikkamepi nissaggiya½ hoti ‘yo pana, bhikkhu, atirekac²vara½dh±reyya, nissaggiya½ p±cittiyan’ti vacanato. Na tic²varato ańńampi c²vara½ das±haparama½dh±retabba½, tato para½ nissaggiya½ ‘antodas±han’ti vuttatt±. Yath±ha ‘an±pattiantodas±ha½ adhiµµheti, vikappet²’ti, itarath± ‘antodas±ha½ adhiµµhet²’ti vacanamattamevabhaveyya, tasm± aµµhakath±ya½ vuttanayeneva attho gahetabbo. Ida½ sabba½ apare vadant²”ti.Ettha antokathine uppannac²vara½ katameva santańce, das±haparama½ dh±retabbanti idańcimassas±dhanattha½ vuttavacanańca parato idheva vuttavic±raŗ±ya yath±vuttayuttiy± ca virujjhat²tina gahetabba½.
Idheva vuttavic±raŗ± n±ma– “sve kathinuddh±ro bhavissat²”ti ajja uppannac²vara½ tadahevaanadhiµµhahantassa aruŗuggamane nissaggiya½. Kasm±? “Niµµhitac²varasmin”ti-±din±sikkh±padassa vuttatt±. Antokathine atirekadas±hampi parih±ra½ labhati, kathinatouddha½ ekadivasampi na labhati. Yath± ki½? Yath± atthatakathino saŖgho atthatadivasato paµµh±yay±va ubbh±r± ekadivas±vasesepi kathinubbh±re ±nisa½sa½ labhati, punadivase na labhati.Sace satisammos± bh±jan²yac²vara½ na bh±jita½, punadivase anatthatakathin±nampi s±dh±raŗa½hoti. Divas± ce s±vases±, atthatakathinasseva saŖghassa p±puŗ±ti, evameva atthatadivasatopaµµh±ya y±va ubbh±r± anadhiµµhita½ avikappita½ vaµµati anuńń±tadivasabbhantaratt±. Kathinadivaso gaŗanupago hoti, ubbhatadivasato paµµh±ya das±haparama½ k±la½ uppannac²vara½ parih±ra½labhati, tato para½ na labhati. Kasm±? “Anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, das±haparama½ atirekac²vara½dh±retun”ti vacanato. Antokathinepi ek±dase aruŗuggamane nissaggiyappasaŖga½ “niµµhitac²varasmi½ubbhatasmi½ kathine”ti aya½ anupańńatti v±retv± µhit±, na ca te divase adivaseak±s²ti. Tath± tatiyakathine ca vic±rita½ “niµµhitac²varasmi½ bhikkhun± ubbhatasmi½kathine bhikkhuno paneva ak±lac²vara½ uppajjeyy±’ti vadantena bhagavat± ya½ may± heµµh± paµhamasikkh±pade‘das±haparama½ atirekac²vara½ dh±retabban’ti anuńń±ta½, tampi kathinam±sato bahi uppannameva,na antoti d²pita½ hot²”ti ca, “‘k±lepi ±dissa dinna½ eta½ ak±lac²varan’ti(p±r±. 500) vacanato kathinubbh±rato uddha½ das±haparih±ra½ na labhat²ti d²pita½ hoti,tehi saddhi½ puna kathinubbh±rato uddha½ pańca divas±ni labhat²ti pasaŖgopi ‘niµµhitac²vara…pe…khippameva k±retabban’ti ak±lac²varassa uppattik±la½ niyametv± vuttatt± v±ritohoti. Tadubhayena kathinabbhantare uppannac²vara½ kathinubbh±rato uddha½ ekadivasampi parih±ra½na labhat²ti siddha½ hot²”ti ca. Tasm± duvidhampeta½ vic±raŗa½ sandh±ya amhehi “idhevavuttavic±raŗ±ya yath±vuttayuttiy± ca virujjhat²ti na gahetabban”ti vuttanti veditabba½.
Etth±ha– “niµµhitac²varasmi½ ubbhatasmi½ kathine”ti ida½ bhumma½ ki½ c²varassa uppattiniyameti, ud±hu dh±raŗa½, ud±hu ubhayanti, kińcettha, yadi uppatti½ niyameti,pacchimakattikam±se eva ubbhatasmi½ kathine uppannac²vara½ tato paµµh±ya das±ha½ dh±retabba½aniµµhitepi tasmi½ m±seti ±pajjati. Atha dh±raŗa½ niyameti, antokathine uppannac²vara½ubbhatepi das±haparama½ dh±retabbanti ±pajjati. Atha ubhaya½ niyameti, tatiyakathineviya visesetv± vattabbanti? Vuccate– k±ma½ ubhaya½ niyameti, na pana visesanepayojana½ atthi. Ya½ antokathine uppannac²vara½ sandh±ya “niµµhitac²varasmin”ti vutta½,na ta½ sandh±ya “dh±retabban”ti vutta½, s±dhitańheta½. “Kata½ v± hot²”ti-±divacanatotadatthasiddhi, tena puna visesane payojana½ natthi, na hi katameva nissaggiya½ karoti,na ca naµµh±dika½ dh±retu½ sakk±ti. Yena v± adhipp±yena bhagavat± ida½ sikkh±pada½ pańńatta½,so adhipp±yo tatiyakathine pak±sitoti veditabbo. Kasm± tattha pak±sitotice? Visesavidh±nadassan±dhipp±yato. Visesavidh±nańhi “no cassa p±rip³r²”ti-±di.Tatth±pi “c²vara½ uppajjeyy±”ti avatv± “ak±lac²vara½ uppajjeyy±”ti visesanenaubbhatepi kathine k±lac²vara½ atth²ti d²peti. Kińceta½? Pacchimakattikam±seuppannac²vara½, teneva tattha “anatthate kathine ek±dasam±se uppannan”ti vutta½,tasm± uppattiniyame vuttados±bh±vasiddhi. Yańca tattha “k±lepi ±dissa dinna½eta½ ak±lac²vara½ n±m±”ti vutta½, tassa dve atthavikapp±. ¾desavasena “ak±lac²varan”tiladdhasaŖkhyampi k±le uppannatt± k±laparih±ra½ labhati, pagev±n±desanti aya½ paµhamo vikappouppattiniyame vuttados±bh±vameva upatthambheti. Tath± ±desavasena ak±lac²varasaŖkhya½gata½ c²varak±le uppannatt± c²varak±lato para½ das±haparih±ra½ na labhati, pagev±n±desantiaya½ dutiyo dh±raŗaniyame vuttados±bh±vameva upatthambheti. Yadi eva½ ±desavasenaak±lac²varassa ak±lac²varat± kimatthik±ti ce? SaŖghuddesikassa tassa atthatakathinassapibhikkhusaŖghassa s±dh±raŗabh±vatthik±ti veditabb±.
Apica puggalassa kathinadivas±pi divas±va. Eva½ gaŗanupagatt± ak±lac²varasaŖkhay±paµil±bh±nubh±vena“ubbhatasmi½ kathine”ti vacan±pekkhassa anissaggiyatt± tadanulomatt± “k±lac²varassap²”tieva½ sabbath± catubbidha½ ettha vacananti veditabba½. Apica atthi ekaccena kathinuddh±renaubbhate kathine uppanna½ ekaccassa bhikkhuno k±lac²vara½ hoti, ekaccassa ak±lac²vara½,ta½ s²m±tikkantassa, no ubbh±ragata½. Ta½ dvinna½ vasena ubbhate uppanna½ µhapetv± itaresa½ańńatarena ubbhate uppannanti veditabba½. Tańhi yassa ubbhata½, tassa ak±lac²vara½,itarassa k±lac²vara½. Tath± atthi ekaccena kathinuddh±rena ubbhate kathine uppanna½sabbassapi ak±lac²varameva hoti. Ta½ yath±µhapita½ veditabba½. Tath± atthi ubbhatasmi½kathine uppanna½ µhapetv± vass±nassa pacchime m±se uppanna½. Tath± atthi ubbhatasmi½kathine uppanna½ ak±lac²vara½, ta½ hemante, gimhe v± uppannanti veditabba½.Eva½ puggalak±labhedato bahuvidhatt± uppannassa “ubbhatasmi½ kathine uppannan”ti navuttanti veditabba½. Aneka½sikatt± imampi atthavikappa½ dassetu½“ubbhatasmi½ kathineti bhikkhuno kathina½ ubbhata½ hot²”ti. Ett±vat± siddhepi“aµµhanna½ m±tik±na½ ańńatar±y±”ti-±di vutta½. “Dh±ray±m²”ti bhikkhun²vibhaŖge±gatoti vattabbo. “Evan”ti vacanena vacanabhedo tattha natth²ti vutta½ hoti.