Upanidhikath±

112. Upanidhimhi– n±ha½ gaºh±m²ti sampaj±namus±v±depi adinn±d±nassa payogatt± dukkaµa½. “Ki½ tumhe bhaºatha? Nevida½ mayha½ anur³pa½, na tumh±kan”ti-±d²ni vadantass±pi dukkaµameva. “Raho may± etassa hatthe µhapita½, na añño koci j±n±ti, ‘dassati nu kho me no”’ti s±miko vimati½ upp±deti, bhikkhussa thullaccaya½. Tassa pharus±dibh±va½ disv± s±miko “na mayha½ dassat²”ti dhura½ nikkhipati, tatra sac±ya½ bhikkhu “kilametv± na½ dass±m²”ti d±ne sa-uss±ho, rakkhati t±va. Sacepi so d±ne niruss±ho, bhaº¹ass±miko pana gahaºe sa-uss±ho rakkhateva. Yadi pana so d±ne niruss±ho bhaº¹as±mikopi “na mayha½ dassat²”ti dhura½ nikkhipati, eva½ ubhinna½ dhuranikkhepena bhikkhuno p±r±jika½ Yadipi mukhena “dass±m²”ti vadati, cittena pana ad±tuk±mo, evampi s±mikassa dhuranikkhepe p±r±jika½. Ta½ pana upanidhi n±ma saªgopanatth±ya attano hatthe parehi µhapitabhaº¹a½, aguttadesato µh±n± c±vetv± guttaµµh±ne µhapanatth±ya harato an±patti. Theyyacittenapi µh±n± c±ventassa avah±ro natthi. Kasm±? Attano hatthe nikkhittatt±, bhaº¹adeyya½ pana hoti. Theyyacittena paribhuñjatopi eseva nayo. T±vak±likaggahaºepi tatheva. Dhamma½ carantoti-±di vuttanayameva. Aya½ t±va p±¼ivaººan±.

P±¼imuttakavinicchayo panettha pattacatukk±divasena eva½ vutto– eko kira bhikkhu parassa mahagghe patte lobha½ upp±detv± ta½ harituk±mo µhapitaµµh±namassa suµµhu sallakkhetv± attanopi patta½ tasseva santike µhapesi. So pacc³sasamaye ±gantv± dhamma½ v±c±petv± nidd±yam±na½ mah±theram±ha– “vand±mi, bhante”ti. “Ko eso”ti? “Aha½, bhante, ±gantukabhikkhu, k±lassevamhi gantuk±mo, asukasmiñca me µh±ne ²disena n±ma a½sabaddhakena ²dis±ya pattatthavik±ya patto µhapito. S±dh±ha½, bhante, ta½ labheyyan”ti thero pavisitv± ta½ gaºhi. Uddh±reyeva corassa p±r±jika½. Sace ±gantv± “kosi tva½ avel±ya ±gato”ti vutto bh²to pal±yati, p±r±jika½ patv±va pal±yati. Therassa pana suddhacittatt± an±patti. Thero “ta½ gaºhiss±m²”ti añña½ gaºhi, eseva nayo. Aya½ pana añña½ t±disameva gaºhante yujjati, manussaviggahe ±ºattasadisavatthusmi½ viya. Kurundiya½ pana “padav±rena k±retabbo”ti vutta½, ta½ at±disameva gaºhante yujjati.

Ta½ maññam±no attano patta½ gaºhitv± ad±si, corassa s±mikena dinnatt± p±r±jika½ natthi, asuddhacittena pana gahitatt± dukkaµa½. Ta½ maññam±no corasseva patta½ gaºhitv± ad±si, idh±pi corassa attano santakatt± p±r±jika½ natthi, asuddhacittena pana gahitatt± dukkaµameva. Sabbattha therassa an±patti.

Aparo “patta½ coress±m²”ti tatheva nidd±yam±na½ thera½ vandi. “Ko ayan”ti ca vutte ‘aha½, bhante, gil±nabhikkhu, eka½ t±va me patta½ detha, g±madv±ra½ gantv± bhesajja½ ±hariss±m²”ti. Thero “idha gil±no natthi, coro aya½ bhavissat²”ti sallakkhetv± “ima½ harat³”ti attano veribhikkhussa patta½ n²haritv± ad±si, dvinnampi uddh±reyeva p±r±jika½. “Veribhikkhussa patto”ti saññ±ya aññassa patta½ uddharantepi eseva nayo. Sace pana “veriss±yan”ti saññ±ya corasseva patta½ uddharitv± deti, vuttanayeneva therassa p±r±jika½, corassa dukkaµa½. Atha “veriss±yan”ti maññam±no attano patta½ deti, vuttanayeneva ubhinnampi dukkaµa½.

Eko mah±thero upaµµh±ka½ daharabhikkhu½ “pattac²vara½ gaºha, asuka½ n±ma g±ma½ gantv± piº¹±ya cariss±m±”ti ±ha. Daharo gahetv± therassa pacchato pacchato gacchanto theyyacitta½ upp±detv± sace s²se bh±ra½ khandhe karoti, p±r±jika½ natthi. Kasm±? ¾ºattiy± gahitatt±. Sace pana maggato okkamma aµavi½ pavisati, padav±rena k±retabbo. Atha nivattitv± vih±r±bhimukho pal±yitv± vih±ra½ pavisitv± gacchati, upac±r±tikkame p±r±jika½. Ath±pi mah±therassa niv±sanaparivattanaµµh±nato g±m±bhimukho pal±yati, g±m³pac±r±tikkame p±r±jika½. Yadi pana ubhopi piº¹±ya caritv± bhuñjitv± v± gahetv± v± nikkhamanti, thero ca punapi ta½ vadati– “pattac²vara½ gaºha, vih±ra½ gamiss±m±”ti. Tatra ce so purimanayeneva theyyacittena s²se bh±ra½ khandhe karoti, rakkhati t±va. Aµavi½ pavisati, padav±rena k±retabbo. Nivattitv± g±m±bhimukho eva pal±yati, g±m³pac±r±tikkame p±r±jika½. Purato vih±r±bhimukho pal±yitv± vih±re aµµhatv± anis²ditv± av³pasanteneva theyyacittena gacchati, upac±r±tikkame p±r±jika½. Yo pana an±ºatto gaºh±ti, tassa s²se bh±ra½ khandhe karaº±d²supi p±r±jika½. Sesa½ purimasadisameva.

Yo pana “asuka½ n±ma vih±ra½ gantv± c²vara½ dhovitv± rajitv± v± eh²”ti vutto “s±dh³”ti gahetv± gacchati, tassapi antar±magge theyyacitta½ upp±detv± s²se bh±ra½ khandhe karaº±d²su p±r±jika½ natthi. Magg± okkamane padav±rena k±retabbo. Ta½ vih±ra½ gantv± tattheva vasanto theyyacittena paribhuñjanto j²r±peti, cor± v± tassa ta½ haranti, avah±ro natthi, bhaº¹adeyya½ pana hoti. Tato nikkhamitv± ±gacchatopi eseva nayo.

Yo pana an±ºatto therena nimitte v± kate sayameva v± kiliµµha½ sallakkhetv± “detha, bhante, c²vara½; asuka½ n±ma g±ma½ gantv± rajitv± ±hariss±m²”ti gahetv± gacchati; tassa antar±magge theyyacitta½ upp±detv± s²se bh±ra½ khandhe karaº±d²su p±r±jika½. Kasm±? An±ºattiy± gahitatt±. Magg± okkamatopi paµinivattitv± tameva vih±ra½ ±gantv± vih±ras²ma½ atikkamatopi vuttanayeneva p±r±jika½. Tattha gantv± rajitv± pacc±gacchatopi theyyacitte uppanne eseva nayo. Sace pana yattha gato, tattha v± antar±magge vih±re v± tameva vih±ra½ pacc±gantv± tassa ekapasse v± upac±ras²ma½ anatikkamitv± vasanto theyyacittena paribhuñjanto j²r±peti, cor± v± tassa ta½ haranti, yath± v± tath± v± nassati, bhaº¹adeyya½. Upac±ras²ma½ atikkamato pana p±r±jika½.

Yo pana therena nimitte kayiram±ne “detha, bhante, aha½ rajitv± ±hariss±m²”ti vatv± “kattha gantv±, bhante, raj±m²”ti pucchati. Thero ca na½ “yattha icchasi, tattha gantv± raj±h²”ti vadati, aya½ “vissaµµhad³to” n±ma. Theyyacittena pal±yantopi na avah±rena k±retabbo. Theyyacittena pana pal±yatopi paribhogena v± aññath± v± n±sayatopi bhaº¹adeyyameva hoti. Bhikkhu bhikkhussa hatthe kiñci parikkh±ra½ pahiºati– “asukavih±re asukabhikkhussa deh²”ti, tassa theyyacitte uppanne sabbaµµh±nesu “asuka½ n±ma vih±ra½ gantv± c²vara½ dhovitv± rajitv± v± eh²”ti ettha vuttasadiso vinicchayo.

Aparo bhikkhu½ pahiºituk±mo nimitta½ karoti– “ko nu kho gahetv± gamissat²”ti, tatra ce eko– “detha, bhante, aha½ gahetv± gamiss±m²”ti gahetv± gacchati, tassa theyyacitte uppanne sabbaµµh±nesu “detha, bhante, c²vara½, asuka½ n±ma g±ma½ gantv± rajitv± ±hariss±m²”ti ettha vuttasadiso vinicchayo. Therena c²varatth±ya vattha½ labhitv± upaµµh±kakule µhapita½ hoti. Athassa antev±siko vattha½ harituk±mo tatra gantv± “ta½ kira vattha½ deth±”ti therena pesito viya vadati; tassa vacana½ saddahitv± up±sakena µhapita½ up±sik± v±, up±sik±ya µhapita½ up±sako v± añño v±, koci n²haritv± deti, uddh±reyevassa p±r±jika½. Sace pana therassa upaµµh±kehi “ima½ therassa dass±m±”ti attano vattha½ µhapita½ hoti. Athassa antev±siko ta½ harituk±mo tattha gantv± “therassa kira vattha½ d±tuk±mattha, ta½ deth±”ti vadati. Te cassa saddahitv± “maya½, bhante, bhojetv± dass±m±ti µhapayimha, handa gaºh±h²”ti denti. S±mikehi dinnatt± p±r±jika½ natthi, asuddhacittena pana gahitatt± dukkaµa½, bhaº¹adeyyañca hoti.

Bhikkhu bhikkhussa vatv± g±ma½ gacchati, “itthann±mo mama vass±v±sika½ dassati, ta½ gahetv± µhapeyy±s²”ti. “S±dh³”ti so bhikkhu tena dinna½ mahagghas±µaka½ attan± laddhena appagghas±µakena saddhi½ µhapetv± tena ±gatena attano mahagghas±µakassa laddhabh±va½ ñatv± v± añatv± v± “dehi me vass±v±sikan”ti vutto “tava th³las±µako laddho, mayha½ pana s±µako mahaggho, dvepi asukasmi½ n±ma ok±se µhapit±, pavisitv± gaºh±h²”ti vadati. Tena pavisitv± th³las±µake gahite itarassa itara½ gaºhato uddh±re p±r±jika½. Ath±pi tassa s±µake attano n±ma½ attano ca s±µake tassa n±ma½ likhitv± “gaccha n±ma½ v±cetv± gaºh±h²”ti vadati, tatr±pi eseva nayo. Yo pana attan± ca tena ca laddhas±µake ekato µhapetv± ta½ eva½ vadati– “tay± ca may± ca laddhas±µak± dvepi antogabbhe µhapit±, gaccha ya½ icchasi, ta½ vicinitv± gaºh±h²”ti. So ca lajj±ya ±v±sikena laddha½ th³las±µakameva gaºheyya, tatr±v±sikassa vicinitv± gahit±vasesa½ itara½ gaºhato an±patti. ¾gantuko bhikkhu ±v±sik±na½ c²varakamma½ karont±na½ sam²pe pattac²vara½ µhapetv± “ete saªgopessant²”ti maññam±no nh±yitu½ v± aññatra v± gacchati. Sace na½ ±v±sik± saªgopenti, icceta½ kusala½. No ce, naµµhe g²v± na hoti. Sacepi so “ida½, bhante, µhapeth±”ti vatv± gacchati, itare ca sakiccappasutatt± na j±nanti, eseva nayo. Ath±pi te “ida½, bhante, µhapeth±”ti vutt± “maya½ by±vaµ±”ti paµikkhipanti, itaro ca “avassa½ µhapessant²”ti an±diyitv± gacchati, eseva nayo. Sace pana tena y±cit± v± ay±cit± v± “maya½ µhapess±ma, tva½ gacch±”ti vadanti; ta½ saªgopitabba½. No ce saªgopenti, naµµhe g²v±. Kasm±? Sampaµicchitatt±.

Yo bhikkhu bhaº¹±g±riko hutv± pacc³sasamaye eva bhikkh³na½ pattac²var±ni heµµh±p±s±da½ oropetv± dv±ra½ apidahitv± tesampi an±rocetv±va d³re bhikkh±c±ra½ gacchati; t±ni ce cor± haranti, tasseva g²v±. Yo pana bhikkh³hi “oropetha, bhante, pattac²var±ni; k±lo sal±kaggahaºass±”ti vutto “sam±gatatth±”ti pucchitv± “±ma, sam±gatamh±”ti vutte pattac²var±ni n²haritv± nikkhipitv± bhaº¹±g±radv±ra½ bandhitv± “tumhe pattac²var±ni gahetv± heµµh±p±s±dadv±ra½ paµijaggitv± gaccheyy±th±”ti vatv± gacchati. Tatra ceko alasaj±tiko bhikkhu bhikkh³su gatesu pacch± akkh²ni puñchanto uµµhahitv± udakaµµh±na½ mukhadhovanattha½ gacchati, ta½ khaºa½ disv± cor± tassa pattac²vara½ haranti, suhaµa½. Bhaº¹±g±rikassa g²v± na hoti.

Sacepi koci bhaº¹±g±rikassa an±rocetv±va bhaº¹±g±re attano parikkh±ra½ µhapeti, tasmimpi naµµhe bhaº¹±g±rikassa g²v± na hoti. Sace pana bhaº¹±g±riko ta½ disv± “aµµh±ne µhapitan”ti gahetv± µhapeti, naµµhe tassa g²v±. Sacepi µhapitabhikkhun± “may±, bhante, ²diso n±ma parikkh±ro µhapito, upadh±reyy±th±”ti vutto “s±dh³”ti sampaµicchati, dunnikkhitta½ v± maññam±no aññasmi½ µh±ne µhapeti, tasseva g²v±. “N±ha½ j±n±m²”ti paµikkhipantassa pana natthi g²v±. Yopi tassa passantasseva µhapeti, bhaº¹±g±rikañca na sampaµicch±peti naµµha½ sunaµµhameva. Sace ta½ bhaº¹±g±riko aññatra µhapeti, naµµhe g²v±. Sace bhaº¹±g±ra½ sugutta½, sabbo saªghassa ca cetiyassa ca parikkh±ro tattheva µhap²yati, bhaº¹±g±riko ca b±lo abyatto dv±ra½ vivaritv± dhammakatha½ v± sotu½, añña½ v± kiñci k±tu½ katthaci gacchati, ta½ khaºa½ disv± yattaka½ cor± haranti, sabba½ tassa g²v±. Bhaº¹±g±rato nikkhamitv± bahi caªkamantassa v± dv±ra½ vivaritv± sar²ra½ utu½ g±h±pentassa v± tattheva samaºadhamm±nuyogena nisinnassa v± tattheva nis²ditv± kenaci kammena by±vaµassa v± ucc±rapass±vap²¼itass±pi tato tattheva upac±re vijjam±ne bahi gacchato v± aññena v± kenaci ±k±rena pamattassa sato dv±ra½ vivaritv± v± vivaµameva pavisitv± v± sandhi½ chinditv± v± yattaka½ tassa pam±dapaccay± cor± haranti, sabba½ tasseva g²v±. Uºhasamaye pana v±tap±na½ vivaritv± nipajjitu½ vaµµat²ti vadanti. Ucc±rap²¼itassa pana tasmi½ upac±re asati aññattha gacchantassa gil±napakkhe µhitatt± avisayo; tasm± g²v± na hoti.

Yo pana anto uºhap²¼ito dv±ra½ sugutta½ katv± bahi nikkhamati, cor± ca na½ gahetv± “dv±ra½ vivar±”ti vadanti, y±va tatiya½ na vivaritabba½. Yadi pana te cor± “sace na vivarasi, tañca m±ress±ma, dv±rañca bhinditv± parikkh±ra½ hariss±m±”ti pharasu-±d²ni ukkhipanti. “Mayi ca mate saªghassa ca sen±sane vinaµµhe guºo natth²”ti vivaritu½ vaµµati. Idh±pi avisayatt± g²v± natth²ti vadanti. Sace koci ±gantuko kuñcika½ v± deti, dv±ra½ v± vivarati, yattaka½ cor± haranti, sabba½ tassa g²v±. Saªghena bhaº¹±g±raguttatth±ya s³ciyantakañca kuñcikamuddik± ca yojetv± dinn± hoti, bhaº¹±g±riko ghaµikamatta½ datv± nipajjati, cor± vivaritv± parikkh±ra½ haranti, tasseva g²v±. S³ciyantakañca kuñcikamuddikañca yojetv± nipanna½ paneta½ sace cor± ±gantv± “vivar±”ti vadanti, tattha purimanayeneva paµipajjitabba½. Eva½ gutta½ katv± nipanne pana sace bhitti½ v± chadana½ v± bhinditv± umaªgena v± pavisitv± haranti, na tassa g²v±. Sace bhaº¹±g±re aññepi ther± vasanti, vivaµe dv±re attano attano parikkh±ra½ gahetv± gacchanti, bhaº¹±g±riko tesu gatesu dv±ra½ na jaggati, sace tattha kiñci avahar²yati, bhaº¹±g±rikassa issarat±ya bhaº¹±g±rikasseva g²v±. Therehi pana sah±yehi bhavitabba½. Aya½ tattha s±m²ci.

Yadi bhaº¹±g±riko “tumhe bahi µhatv±va tumh±ka½ parikkh±ra½ gaºhatha, m± pavisitth±”ti vadati, tesañca eko lolamah±thero s±maºerehi ceva upaµµh±kehi ca saddhi½ bhaº¹±g±ra½ pavisitv± nis²dati ceva nipajjati ca, yattaka½ bhaº¹a½ nassati, sabba½ tassa g²v±. Bhaº¹±g±rikena pana avasesattherehi ca sah±yehi bhavitabba½. Atha bhaº¹±g±rikova lolas±maºere ca upaµµh±ke ca gahetv± bhaº¹±g±re nis²dati ceva nipajjati ca, ya½ tattha nassati, sabba½ tasseva g²v±. Tasm± bhaº¹±g±rikeneva tattha vasitabba½. Avasesehi appeva rukkham³le vasitabba½, na ca bhaº¹±g±reti.

Ye pana attano attano sabh±gabhikkh³na½ vasanagabbhesu parikkh±ra½ µhapenti, parikkh±re naµµhe yehi µhapito, tesa½yeva g²v±. Itarehi pana sah±yehi bhavitabba½. Yadi pana saªgho bhaº¹±g±rikassa vih±reyeva y±gubhatta½ d±peti, so ca bhikkh±c±ratth±ya g±ma½ gacchati, naµµha½ tasseva g²v±. Bhikkh±c±ra½ pavisantehi atirekac²vararakkhaºatth±ya µhapitavih±rav±rikass±pi y±gubhatta½ v± niv±pa½ v± labham±nasseva bhikkh±c±ra½ gacchato ya½ tattha nassati, sabba½ g²v±. Na kevalañca ettakameva, bhaº¹±g±rikassa viya ya½ tassa pam±dappaccay± nassati, sabba½ g²v±.

Sace vih±ro mah± hoti, añña½ padesa½ rakkhitu½ gacchantassa aññasmi½ padese nikkhitta½ haranti, avisayatt± g²v± na hoti. ¿dise pana vih±re vemajjhe sabbesa½ osaraºaµµh±ne parikkh±re µhapetv± nis²ditabba½. Vih±rav±rik± v± dve tayo µhapetabb±. Sace tesa½ appamatt±na½ ito cito ca rakkhata½yeva kiñci nassati, g²v± na hoti. Vih±rav±rike bandhitv± haritabhaº¹ampi cor±na½ paµipatha½ gatesu aññena maggena haritabhaº¹ampi na tesa½ g²v±. Sace vih±rav±rik±na½ vih±re d±tabba½ y±gubhatta½ v± niv±po v± na hoti, tehi pattabbal±bhato atirek± dve tisso y±gusal±k±, tesa½ pahonakabhattasal±k± ca µhapetu½ vaµµati. Nibaddha½ katv± pana na µhapetabb±, manuss± hi vippaµis±rino honti, “vih±rav±rik±yeva amh±ka½ bhatta½ bhuñjant²”ti. Tasm± parivattetv± µhapetabb±. Sace tesa½ sabh±g± sal±kabhatt±ni ±haritv± denti, icceta½ kusala½; no ce denti, v±ra½ g±h±petv± n²har±petabb±ni. Sace vih±rav±riko dve tisso y±gusal±k±, catt±ri pañca sal±kabhatt±ni ca labham±nova bhikkh±c±ra½ gacchati, bhaº¹±g±rikassa viya sabba½ naµµha½ g²v± hoti. Sace saªghassa vih±rap±l±na½ d±tabba½ bhatta½ v± niv±po v± natthi, bhikkh³ vih±rav±ra½ gahetv± attano attano nissitake jaggenti, sampattav±ra½ aggahetu½ na labhanti, yath± aññe bhikkh³ karonti, tatheva k±tabba½. Bhikkh³hi pana asah±yakassa v± attadutiyassa v± yassa sabh±go bhikkhu bhatta½ ±netv± d±t± natthi, evar³passa v±ro na p±petabbo.

Yampi p±kavattatth±ya vih±re µhapenti, ta½ gahetv± upaj²vantena µh±tabba½. Yo ta½ na upaj²vati so v±ra½ na g±h±petabbo. Phal±phalatth±yapi vih±re bhikkhu½ µhapenti, jaggitv± gopetv± phalav±rena bh±jetv± kh±danti. Yo t±ni kh±dati, tena µh±tabba½. Anupaj²vanto na g±h±petabbo. Sen±sanamañcap²µhapaccattharaºarakkhaºatth±yapi µhapenti, ±v±se vasantena µh±tabba½. Abbhok±siko pana rukkham³liko v± na g±h±petabbo.

Eko navako hoti, bahussuto pana bah³na½ dhamma½ v±ceti, paripuccha½ deti, p±¼i½ vaººeti, dhammakatha½ katheti, saªghassa bh±ra½ nittharati, aya½ l±bha½ paribhuñjantopi ±v±se vasantopi v±ra½ na g±hetabbo. “Purisaviseso n±ma ñ±tabbo”ti vadanti.

Uposath±g±rapaµim±gharajaggakassa pana diguºa½ y±gubhatta½ devasika½ taº¹ulan±¼i sa½vacchare tic²vara½, dasav²sagghanaka½ kappiyabhaº¹añca d±tabba½. Sace pana tassa ta½ labham±nasseva pam±dena tattha kiñci nassati, sabba½ g²v±. Bandhitv± balakk±rena acchinna½ pana na g²v±. Tattha cetiyassa v± saªghassa v± santakena cetiyassa santaka½ rakkh±petu½ vaµµati. Cetiyassa santakena saªghassa santaka½ rakkh±petu½ na vaµµati. Ya½ pana cetiyassa santakena saddhi½ saªghassa santaka½ µhapita½ hoti, ta½ cetiyasantake rakkh±pite rakkhitameva hot²ti eva½ vaµµati. Pakkhav±rena uposath±g±r±d²ni rakkhatopi pam±davasena naµµha½ g²v±yev±ti.

Upanidhikath± niµµhit±.